計算機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)-english-transla

EnglishTranslation授課教師：杜默君學(xué)生：胡文文專業(yè)：計算機(jī)應(yīng)用技術(shù)研究方向：量子圖像處理1.QuantumImageprocessing(量子圖像處理）Abstract:Thispaperpresentsanumberofproblemsconcerningthepractical(real)implementationofthetechniquesknownasQuantumImageProcessing.Themostseriousproblemistherecoveryoftheoutcomesafterthequantummeasurement,whichwillbedemonstratedinthisworkthatisequivalenttoanoisemeasurement,anditisnotconsideredintheliteratureonthesubject.摘要：這篇文獻(xiàn)提出了一些被稱為量子圖像處理的實際的（真實的）技術(shù)實現(xiàn)。最嚴(yán)重的問題在量子測量后的結(jié)果恢復(fù)，這一問題將會這這篇文章得到解釋，它類似于一個噪聲測量,并且它不被認(rèn)為是有關(guān)這一課題的文獻(xiàn)。2.Itisnoteworthythatthisisduetoseveralfactors:(1)aclassicalalgorithmthatusesDirac’snotationandthenitiscodedinMATLABdoesnotconstituteaquantumalgorithm,(2)theliteratureemphasizestheinternalrepresentationoftheimagebutsaysnothingabouttheclassical-to-quantumandquantum-to-classicalinterfacesandhowtheseareaffectedbydecoherence,(3)theliteraturedoesnotmentionhowtoimplementinapracticalway(atthelaboratory)theseproposalsinternalrepresentations,(4)giventhatQuantumImageProcessingworkswithgenericqubitsthisrequiresmeasurementsinallaxesoftheBlochsphere,logically,and(5)amongothers.值得注意的是這是由于幾個因素:（1）一個經(jīng)典算法,利用狄拉克符號,然后在MATLAB中的編碼沒有量子算法,（2）一些文獻(xiàn)強(qiáng)調(diào)圖像的內(nèi)部表示,但沒有關(guān)于從經(jīng)典到量子和從量子到經(jīng)典接口和這些是如何被消相干影響的,（3）文獻(xiàn)沒有提到如何用一個實際可行的方法(在實驗室中)實施這些提出內(nèi)部表示方法,（4）從邏輯上說,鑒于量子圖像處理是基于通用的量子比特工作原理，這需要測量Bloch球體上的所有坐標(biāo)抽,和（5）一些其它的。3.Inreturn,thetechniqueknownasQuantumBooleanImageProcessingismentioned,whichworkswithcomputationalbasisstates(CBS),exclusively.Thismethodologyallowsustoavoidtheproblemofquantummeasurement,whichalterstheresultsofthemeasuredexceptinthecaseofCBS.Saidsofarisextendedtoquantumalgorithmsoutsideimageprocessingtoo.總之,這種技術(shù)是以量子邏輯圖像處理被提到的,它僅僅只以計算基態(tài)的原理工作。這種方法論使我們能夠避免量子測量的問題,量子測量會改變的測量結(jié)果,除了所測量的量子狀態(tài)是量子基態(tài)。到目前為止，我們所說的量子算法也已經(jīng)擴(kuò)展至量子圖像處理之外了。Keywords:Quantumalgorithms;QuantumBooleanImageProcessing;Quantum/ClassicalInterfaces;Quantumimageprocessing;Quantummeasurement;Quantumsignalprocessing.關(guān)鍵字：量子算法；量子邏輯圖像處理；量子/經(jīng)典接口；量子圖像處理；量子測量；量子信號處理4.QuantumInformationProcessing(QuIP)ThemainconceptsrelatedtoQuantumInformationProcessingmaybegroupedinthenexttopics:quantumbit(qubit,whichistheelementalquantuminformationunity),Bloch’sSphere(geometricenvironmentforqubitrepresentation),Hilbert’sSpace(whichgeneralizesthenotionofEuclideanspace),Schr?dinger’sEquation(whichisapartialdifferentialequationthatdescribeshowthequantumstateofaphysicalsystemchangeswithtime.),UnitaryOperators,QuantumCircuits(inquantuminformationtheory,aquantumcircuitisamodelforquantumcomputationinwhichacomputationisasequenceofquantumgates,whicharereversibletransformationsonaquantummechanicalanalogofann-bitregister.量子信息處理(QUIP)關(guān)于量子信息處理的主要概念也許可以分組為如下幾個主題：量子比特(它是量子信息的基本個體)Bloch球體(用于量子比特的幾何表示),希爾伯特空間(它是歐幾里得空間的概念推廣),薛定諤方程(它是一個偏微分方程,描述了一個物理系統(tǒng)的量子態(tài)是如何隨時間變化的),酉算子、量子電路(在量子信息理論中,量子電路是用于量子計算的模型，它的計算通過一系列量子門實現(xiàn),而這又是一個可逆的變換，當(dāng)在用量子力學(xué)原理模擬一個n比特位的寄存器。5.QuantumSignalProcessing(QuSP)Themainideaistotakeaclassicalsignal,sampleit,quantifyit(forexample,between0and255),useaclassical-to-quantuminterface,giveaninternalrepresentationtothatsignal,makeaprocessingtothatquantumsignal(denoising,compression,amongothers),measuretheresult,useaquantum-to-classicalinterfaceandsubsequentlydetecttheclassicaloutcomesignal.量子信號處理(QuSP)它主要的思想是通過對經(jīng)典信號的抽樣,量化(例如,0到255之間),使用一個經(jīng)典到量子的接口,給出一個經(jīng)典信號的量子內(nèi)部表示,對那個量子信號進(jìn)行處理(去噪、壓縮等)、測量信號輸出結(jié)果,使用從量子到經(jīng)典的接口轉(zhuǎn)換，然后去測量經(jīng)典信號的輸出結(jié)果。6.QuantumImageProcessing(QuIP)itisayoungdisciplineanditisintrainingnow,however,it’smuchmoredevelopedthanQuSP.QuIPstartsin1997.Thatyear,Vlasovproposedamethodofusingquantumcomputatio