2020年高考英語時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)外刊新聞做語法填空題：非洲東部的蝗蟲危機(jī)

外刊做語法填空：Climate-CrisisFueledLocustSwarms（蝗蟲群）Pose'UnprecedentedThreattoFoodSecurityandLivelihoods'inEastAfricaTheregion's___1____（bad）outbreakindecades___2____(bring)hundredsofmillionsofcrop-devouringbugstoSomalia,Ethiopia,andKenya.Amassiveinvasionofdesertlocusts—partlyfueledbytheclimatecrisis—seriouslythreatensfoodsecurityinalready-vulnerablecommunitiesacrossEastAfricaandhas___3____(increasing)alarmedUnitedNationsexpertsinrecentweeks."ThesituationremainsextremelyseriousintheHornofAfrica,___4____itthreatenspasturesandcropsinEthiopia,Kenya,andSomalia,"saysa

report___5____(release)lastweekbytheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)."Thecurrentswarmsrepresent__6____unprecedentedthreattofoodsecurityandlivelihoodsintheHornofAfrica."Aswarm___7___(contain)upto150millionlocustspersquarekilometers(0.39squaremiles)andcandevourenough___8____(crop)inadaytofeed35,000people,accordingtoFAO,aU.N.agency.___9____"groundandaerialcontroloperationscontinueinEthiopiaandaerialoperationsstartedinKenyainJanuary,"thereportnotesthat"insecurityandalackofnationalcapacityhavehamperedcontroloperationsinSomalia.""ApotentiallythreateningsituationisdevelopingalongbothsidesoftheRedSea,whereongoingbreedingiscausinglocustnumberstoincreaseonthecoastsofEgypt,Sudan,Eritrea,SaudiArabia,andYemen,"FAOwarns."Thereisarisk___100____thatsomeswarmscouldappearinnortheastUganda,southeastSouthSudan,andsouthwestEthiopia."二、參考答案：1.worst2hasbrought3.increasingly4.where5.released6.an7.contains8.crops9.Although10.that三、核心詞匯：devour[d??va??(r)]v.狼吞虎咽地吃;吞沒;吞噬She

devoured

half

an

apple

pie.

她狼吞虎咽地吃下了半個(gè)蘋果派2.進(jìn)義辨析eatboltchewdevour(吃)eatv.吃，食用普通用詞，通常指用餐、吃東西。Sheiseatingbread.她正在吃面包。boltv.狼吞虎咽指匆匆吞咽食物，通常與down連用。Hebolteddownhisbreakfastandwenttoschool.他把早飯囫圇吞下，便上學(xué)去了。chewv.嚼，咀嚼指用牙齒嚼碎食物等。Itishealthytochewfoodwellbeforeyouswallowit.細(xì)嚼慢咽有益于健康。devourv.吞咽指饑餓時(shí)狼吞虎咽地吃東西，強(qiáng)調(diào)吃得快而徹底。Theboysdevouredtheirburgersandfries.男孩子們狼吞虎咽地吃光了漢堡和薯?xiàng)l。3.詞根詞綴vor=toeat吃carnivorousadj.食肉的carni〔=carn肉〕+vor吃+ous…的→食肉的devourv.吞吃de向下+vour〔=vor〕吃→吃下去→吞吃herbivorousadj.食草的herbi〔=herb草〕+vor吃+ous有…性質(zhì)的，關(guān)于…的→食草的insectivorousadj.食蟲的insecti〔=insect昆蟲〕+vor吃+ous有…性質(zhì)的，關(guān)于…的→吃昆蟲的→食蟲的omnivorousadj.雜食性的omni全部+vor吃+ous有…性質(zhì)的，關(guān)于…的→什么都吃的→雜食性的voraciousadj.狼吞虎咽的vor吃+acious多…的→吃多的→狼吞虎咽的voracityn.貪食vor吃+acity表狀態(tài)→貪食六、原文翻譯Climate-CrisisFueledLocustSwarmsPose'UnprecedentedThreattoFoodSecurityandLivelihoods'inEastAfrica氣候危機(jī)引發(fā)的蝗蟲群對(duì)東非的糧食安全和生計(jì)構(gòu)成“前所未有的威脅”Theregion'sworstoutbreakindecadeshasbroughthundredsofmillionsofcrop-devouringbugstoSomalia,Ethiopia,andKenya.這一地區(qū)數(shù)十年來最嚴(yán)重的疫情給索馬里、埃塞俄比亞和肯尼亞帶來了數(shù)億只吞噬農(nóng)作物的蟲子。Amassiveinvasionofdesertlocusts—partlyfueledbytheclimatecrisis—seriouslythreatensfoodsecurityinalready-vulnerablecommunitiesacrossEastAfricaandhasincreasinglyalarmedUnitedNationsexpertsinrecentweeks.氣候危機(jī)在一定程度上助長了沙漠蝗蟲的大規(guī)模入侵，嚴(yán)重威脅到東非已經(jīng)脆弱的社區(qū)的糧食安全，最近幾周聯(lián)合國專家越來越感到震驚。"ThesituationremainsextremelyseriousintheHornofAfrica,whereitthreatenspasturesandcropsinEthiopia,Kenya,andSomalia,"saysa

report

(pdf)releasedlastweekbytheFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)."ThecurrentswarmsrepresentanunprecedentedthreattofoodsecurityandlivelihoodsintheHornofAfrica."聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織（FAO）上周發(fā)布的一份報(bào)告說：“非洲之角的局勢(shì)仍然極其嚴(yán)重，威脅到埃塞俄比亞、肯尼亞和索馬里的牧場(chǎng)和農(nóng)作物?！蹦壳暗姆淙簩?duì)非洲之角的糧食安全和生計(jì)構(gòu)成了前所未有的威脅?！盇swarmcontainsupto150millionlocustspersquarekilometers(0.39squaremiles)andcandevourenoughcropsinadaytofeed35,000people,accordingtoFAO,aU.N.agency.Although"groundandaerialcontroloperationscontinueinEthiopiaandaerialoperationsstartedinKenyainJanuary,"thereportnotesthat"insecurityandalackofnationalcapacityhavehamperedcontroloperationsinSomalia."聯(lián)合國糧農(nóng)組織（FAO）稱，一個(gè)蝗蟲群每平方公里（0.39平方英里）可容納多達(dá)1.5億只蝗蟲，一天可吞食足夠的農(nóng)作物，養(yǎng)活3.5萬人。報(bào)告指出，盡管“埃塞俄比亞的地面和空中控制行動(dòng)仍在繼續(xù)，肯尼亞的空中控制行動(dòng)于1月份開始”，但“不安全和缺乏國家能力阻礙了索馬里的控制行動(dòng)”"ApotentiallythreateningsituationisdevelopingalongbothsidesoftheRedSea,whereongoingbreedingiscausinglocustnumberstoincreaseonthecoastsofEgypt,Sudan,Eritrea,SaudiArabia,andYemen,"FAOwarns."ThereisariskthatsomeswarmscouldappearinnortheastUganda,southeastSouthSudan,andsouthwestEthiopia."糧農(nóng)組織警告說：“紅海兩岸正在形成一種潛在的威脅性局勢(shì)，在那里，不斷繁殖的蝗蟲正導(dǎo)致埃及、蘇丹、厄立特里亞、沙特阿拉伯和也門沿?；认x數(shù)量增加?！睘醺蛇_(dá)東北部、南蘇丹東南部和埃塞俄比亞西南部可能出現(xiàn)一些蜂群?！盕AO

hascalled

fora"massive,border-spanningcampaign"tocombatthe

hundredsofmillions

oflocustsandstopthemfromspreadingtoothercountries,notingthatimpactedregionsinEthiopiaandSomaliahaven'tseenswarmsofthisscalein25yearsandthatKenyahasn'tfacedathreatonthislevelin70years.糧農(nóng)組織呼吁開展“大規(guī)模、跨越邊界的行動(dòng)”，打擊數(shù)億蝗蟲，阻止它們擴(kuò)散到其他國家，并指出埃塞俄比亞和索馬里受影響的地區(qū)25年來沒有出現(xiàn)過這種規(guī)模的蝗蟲群，肯尼亞70年來也沒有遇到過這種程度的威脅。Theprimarymethodofbattlinglocustswarmsistheaerialsprayingofpesticides.FAO's"LocustWatch"service

explains

that"althoughgiantnets,flamethrowers,lasers,andhugevacuumshavebeenproposedinthepast,thesearenotinuseforlocustcontrol.Peopleandbirdsofteneatlocustsbutusuallynotenoughtosignificantlyreducepopulationlevelsoverlargeareas."對(duì)付蝗蟲群的主要方法是空中噴灑殺蟲劑。糧農(nóng)組織的“蝗蟲觀察”服務(wù)機(jī)構(gòu)解釋說，“雖然過去曾有人提出過巨網(wǎng)、噴火器、激光和巨大的真空，但這些都不用于蝗蟲防治。人和鳥經(jīng)常吃蝗蟲，但通常不足以顯著降低大面積地區(qū)的人口水平?！盜nresponsetoanFAO

request

of$70million"toassistwithimmediateneedsinallthreecountries,includingrampingupcontroloperationsaswellasimplementingmeasurestosafeguardrurallivelihoods,"theU.N.CentralEmergencyResponseFund(CERF)agreedonJan.24torelease$10milliontotheagency.聯(lián)合國中央應(yīng)急基金（CERF）1月24日同意，應(yīng)糧農(nóng)組織提出的7000萬美元“協(xié)助所有三個(gè)國家的緊急需要，包括加強(qiáng)控制行動(dòng)以及執(zhí)行保障農(nóng)村生計(jì)的措施”的要求，向該機(jī)構(gòu)發(fā)放1000萬美元。"ThisdevastatinglocustoutbreakisstartingtodestroyvegetationacrossEastAfricawithalarmingspeedandferocity,"U.N.humanitarianchiefMarkLowcock

said

inastatementannouncingtheallocation."Vulnerablefamiliesthatwerealreadydealingwithfoodshortagesnowfacetheprospectofwatchingastheircropsaredestroyedbeforetheireyes."聯(lián)合國人道主義事務(wù)負(fù)責(zé)人洛科克（MarkLowcock）在宣布這項(xiàng)撥款的聲明中說：“這次毀滅性的蝗災(zāi)爆發(fā)正以驚人的速度和兇猛程度開始摧毀東非各地的植被?！币呀?jīng)在應(yīng)對(duì)糧食短缺的脆弱家庭現(xiàn)在面臨著眼看著他們的莊稼被摧毀的前景?！?Wemustactnow,"Lowcockadded,confirmingthatthefundswillgotowardscalingupaerialoperations."Ifleftunchecked,thisoutbreakhasthepotentialtospilloverintomorecountriesinEastAfricawithhorrendousconsequences.Aswiftanddeterminedresponsetocontainitisessential."“我們現(xiàn)在必須采取行動(dòng)，”Lowcock補(bǔ)充道，證實(shí)這些資金將用于擴(kuò)大空中業(yè)務(wù)規(guī)模如果不加以控制，這次疫情有可能蔓延到東非更多國家，造成可怕的后果。迅速而堅(jiān)決地作出反應(yīng)以遏制這種情況是至關(guān)重要的?！保?67）（/news/2020/01/28/climate-crisis-fueled-locust-swarms-pose-unprecedented-threat-food-security-and）拓展閱讀AhumanitariancrisisloomsinAfricaunlessweactfasttostopthedesertlocustAfarmertriestochaseawayaswarmofdesertlocustsinKenyainJanuary.Photograph:DaiKurokawa/EPAAcolleagueattheUN’sFoodandAgricultureOrganization(FAO)tellsaterrifyingstoryaboutthedesertlocust.In2005shevisitedfarmersinNigerastheypreparedtoharvesttheircrops.Justhourslater,aswarmoflocustssweptthroughtheareaanddestroyedeverything.Onemonthlater,truckloadsoffamilieswereforcedtoleavetheirhomesbecausetheyhadnothingtoeat.AyearbeforethattheUNhadlaunchedanappealfor

$9m

(￡6.9m)tohelpNigerandneighbouringcountriescontrolthelocusts.Theresponsewasslow,andsixmonthslatertheamountrequiredintheappealhadreached$100m.Themathswassimple:thelocustswerefasterthantheinternationalresponse.Historyisnowindangerofrepeatingitself.Butonamuchbiggerscale.TheworstoutbreakofdesertlocustsindecadesiscurrentlyunderwayintheHornofAfrica.Itisthebiggestofitskindin25yearsfor

Ethiopia

andSomalia–andtheworstKenyahasseenfor70years.Theimpactsoftheoutbreakinthesecountriesareparticularlyacuteaspasturesandcropsarebeingwipedoutincommunitiesthatwerealreadyfacingfoodshortages.Aswewrite,theswarmshavejust

crossedintoUgandaandTanzania,andmovedwithin50km(31miles)ofSouthSudan.DjiboutiandEritreaarealsoaffected.AndOman,SaudiArabia,Sudan,Yemen,andPakistanarefightingtheirownseriousinfestations.Thedesertlocustisconsideredtheworld’smostdestructivemigratorypest.Asinglelocustcantravel150kmandeatitsownweightinfood–abouttwograms–eachday.AswarmthesizeofNewYorkCitycanconsumethesameamountoffoodinonedayasthetotalpopulationofNewYork,NewJerseyandPennsylvania.WhatweareseeinginEast

Africa

todayisunlikeanythingwe’veseeninaverylongtime.Itsdestructivepotentialisenormous,andit’stakingplaceinaregionwherefarmersneedeverygramoffoodtofeedthemselvesandtheirfamilies.Mostofthecountrieshardesthitarethosewheremillionsofpeoplearealreadyvulnerableorinserioushumanitarianneed,astheyenduretheimpactofviolence,drought,andfloods.Wehaveactedquicklytorespondtothisupsurge.LocalandnationalgovernmentsinEastAfricaareleadingtheresponse,andourrespectiveofficesareworkingcloselytogethertokeepthisoutbreakundercontrol.TheUN’sOfficefortheCoordinationofHumanitarianAffairshasreleased$10millionfromitsCentralEmergencyReliefFundtofundahugescale-upinaerialoperationstomanagetheoutbreak.TheFAOisurgentlyseeking$76millionfromdonorsandotherorganisationstohelptheaffectedcountriesfighttheoutbreak.Theamountrequiredislikelytoincreaseasthelocustsspread.Butthewindowtocontainthiscrisisisclosingfast.WeonlyhaveuntilthebeginningofMarchtobringthisinfestationundercontrolasthatiswhentherainandplantingseasonbegins.Theswarmsarehighlymobile;theterrainoftendifficult;thelogisticalchallengesimmense.Butleftunchecked–andwithexpectedadditionalrains–locustnumbersinEastAfricacouldincrease500timesbyJune.Wemustactnowtoavoidafull-blowncatastrophe.Andwewill.Atthesametime,weneedtopayattentiontoabiggerpicture.ThisisnotthefirsttimetheGreaterHornofAfricahasseenlocustupsurgesapproachthisscale,butthecurrentsituationisthelargestindecades.Thisislinkedtoclimatechange.Warmerseasmeanmorecyclones,generatingtheperfectbreedingconditionsforlocusts.Together,weexpressdeepsolidaritywiththepeopleandcommunitiesaffected.Andwecallontheinternationalcommunitytorespondwithspeedandgenerositytocontroltheinfestationwhilewestillhavethechance.?

QuDongyuisdirector-generaloftheUNFoodandAgricultureOrganization;MarkLowcockistheUNunder-secretary-generalforHumanitarianAffairsandEmergencyReliefCoordinator.（673）拓展閱讀2Africa'slocustcrisisworsensExpertsarewarningthatswarmsoflocustsmunchingtheirwayacrossAfricamayyetreachplagueproportions-whileAustraliaisbracingitselffortheonslaughtofanotherspeciesofthevoraciousinsect.Africandesertlocusts(Schistocercagregaria),bunchtogetherintoflyingswarmsthatcanstripfieldsofcropsovernight.Sincelatelastyear,rainyweatherhasencouragedthemtobreedinnorth-westernAfricaandnumbershavegraduallyclimbed.Thisweek,theFoodandAgricultureOrganizationwarnedthatswarmsareescalatinginMauritania,MaliandNigerandarespreadingeastintoChad.Thepaceofbreedingisunprecedented,saysCliveElliott,partoftheFAO'slocust-forecastinggroupinRome."Thenumberofswarmsislargerthananybodyexpected."ExpertsareconcernedthatthelocustswillspreadasfarasSudanandtheMiddleEast,atwhichpointthesituationwouldbeclassifiedasaplague.Theswarmscouldalsosurviveforseveralyears.Elliottsaysthatthesituationalreadylooksworsethananequivalentperiodduringthemostrecentplague,between1986and1989.DrivingforceRainyweatherhasbeenthemaindriverbehindthelocusts'spread,asitprovidesthemwithgreenvegetationtofeedonanddampsandysoilinwhichtolayeggs.Eachtimetheinsectsspawnanewgeneration,whichtheyhavedoneatleastfourtimessincelastOctober,theirnumbersswellbyafactorofabout20.Elliottsaysthatfinancialsupportisnowcomingfromtheinternationalcommunity.Butexactlyhowthesituationpansoutwill