新教材高中英語Unit6Disasterandhope一StartingoutUnderstandingideas知識基礎(chǔ)練含解析外研版必修第三冊

/07/7/Unit6Disasterandhope課時作業(yè)(一)Startingout&Understandingideas必備知識基礎(chǔ)練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練第一層Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Earthquakeisakindofnatural________(災(zāi)難),whichoftenresultsinmanypeoplebeinginjuredorkilled.2．Charitiesappealedfordonationsoffoodandclothingforvictimsofthe________(颶風(fēng))．3．Anactivevolcanocould________(噴發(fā))atanytime!4．We________(立刻)cometotherescueifanyproblemshappen.5．Beforesomeofyourushoffonholiday,Idohaveoneratherimportant________(通告)．6．Theeffectofrainfallon________(滑坡)isawidelydiscussedtopic.7．Inaworldthatwarmsupby3℃，itfoundthatmultiplechangestothecolouroftheoceanswould________(發(fā)生)．8．Heattheglass________(管子)tothepointthatitcanbend.9．ItwasluckythathegotA________(多，余)inthetest.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Thevolcanoisstillactive,asevidencedbytherecent____________(erupt)．2．Iwasgoingtopayincashwhenitsuddenly____________(occur)tomethatIhadleftmypurseathome.3．Andersonmadethe____________(announce)attheconferencethatthecompanywouldclosenextweek.4．Seeingnobodyaround,Iranaway____________(immediate)．5．Ididn'trealizemymotherlovedmesomuchuntilIreceivedhergiftformy18thbirthday,adiary____________(record)mygrowth.6．He,aswellashistwoclassmates,____________(be)goingtotakepartinapianocompetitiontomorrow.7．Wehaveenteredintoanage____________dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.8．Thenewsshockedthepublic,____________(lead)togreatconcernaboutstudents'safetyatschool.9．Itistypical____________himtothinkabouthelpingothersintrouble.10．____________(compare)withtheearth,thesunismuchlarger.11．Heisexpected____________(arrive)at9o'clock.Ⅲ.用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空inthefaceof,stepoutof,pickup,afterall,reactto,what'smore1．Youcan'tchangewhathappened,butyoucanchangehowyou____________it.2．Whenthestar____________thehouse,hefoundhewassurroundedbyalotoffans.3．Peoplespeakhighlyoftheboy'sbraveryandcalmness____________suchanemergency.4．Itdidn'ttakemelongto____________myfriendattheairport.5．—It'smoreconvenienttotakeasubwaythandriveaprivatecar.—Quiteso.____________，it'salsoagoodwaytosupportthelow-carbonlifestyle.6．Youreallyshouldn'thavereactedtohiscommentonyourworksoviolently.____________，hemeantnoharmtoyou.Ⅳ.完成句子1．直到摩托車看起來幾乎像是新的，他才停止清洗。Notuntilthemotorbikelookedalmostnew______________________________.2．我們只有堅持我們的夢想，才能克服各種困難。________________westicktoourdreamscanwebeabletogetoverallkindsofdifficulties.3．毫無疑問，作為一位中國人，我熟悉我的國家。AsaChinese,______________________________Iamfamiliarwithmycountry.4．這個項目預(yù)計下個月完工。Theprojectis________________________nextmonth.5．不知道怎么辦，他去找他的父母幫忙。____________whattodo,hewenttohisparentsforhelp.Ⅴ.課文語法填空Today,thetemperatureinLondon1.________edtoreach30plusdegrees,whichis1.________(usual)forLondon2.________heaveragehightemperatureinJulyisonly22degrees.Going2.________thestairsandontotheplatformislikejumpingintoavolcanothat'serupting.EachsummerinLondon3.________4.________3.________(hot)thanthelast.IsuddenlyfeelabitscaredandperhapsIshouldstartplanning4.________thefuture.Iimagineputtingmyflatonthemarketandbuyingaboat.Thatway,whentheThames5.________(rise)andthereisafloodinLondon,I'llstillbeabletogettowork.Later,I'mshockedbyphotos6.________(show)thatahurricaneinAsiahasdestroyedatown.Expertssaythisbadweatherhasoccurredduetoclimatechange.Newslikethismakesmefeelnervous.Thisinspiresme7.________(start)thinkingaboutmovingtospace...“8.________nextstationisBank！”comestheannouncement.That'smydestination.Ifeelafreshwindonmyface9.________(immediate)Istepoutofthestation.Well,maybeIhavebeenworryingtoomuch.Afterall,it'sonly3010.________(degree)outside！關(guān)鍵能力提升練進(jìn)階訓(xùn)練第二層Ⅰ.閱讀Thescientificstudyofearthquakesiscomparativelynew.Untilthe18thcentury,fewfactualdescriptionsofearthquakeswererecorded,andthenaturalcausesofearthquakeswerenotwellunderstood.TheearliestearthquakeforwhichwehavedescriptiveinformationoccurredinChinain1177BC.TheChineseearthquakecatalog(目錄)describesseveraldozenlargeearthquakesinChinaduringthenextfewthousandyears.EarthquakesinEuropewerementionedasearlyas580BC,buttheearliestforwhichwehavesomedescriptiveinformationoccurredinthemid-16thcentury.TheearliestknownearthquakesinAmericaswereinMexicointhelate14thcenturyandinPeruin1471,butdescriptionsoftheeffectswerenotwellrecorded.Bythe17thcentury,descriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakeswerebeingpublishedaroundtheworld.ThemostwidelyfeltearthquakesintherecordedhistoryofNorthAmericawereaseriesthatoccurredin1811～1812nearNewMadrid,Missouri.Agreatearthquake,whosemagnitudeisreportedtohavebeenabout8,occurredonthemorningofDecember16,1811.AnothergreatearthquakeoccurredonJanuary23,1812,andathird,thestrongestyet,onFebruary7,1812.Aftershocks(余震)werenearlycontinuousbetweenthesegreatearthquakesandcontinuedformonthsafterwards.TheseearthquakeswerefeltbypeopleasfarawayasBostonandDenver.Becausethepopulationintheseregionswassmall,thedestructionofhumanlifeandpropertywasslight.TheSanFranciscoearthquakeof1906wasoneofthemostdestructiveintherecordedhistoryofNorthAmerica—theearthquakeandthefirethatfollowedkillednearly700peopleandleftthecityinruins.1．Whendidpublisheddescriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakesbecomepopularintheworld?A．Inthe1300s.B．Inthe1400s.C．Inthe1500s.D．Inthe1600s.2．Whatdoweknowabouttheearthquakesin1811～1812inNorthAmerica?A．Theykilledalargenumberofpeople.B．TheyoccurredinSanFrancisco.C．Theycouldbefeltveryfaraway.D．Theyalmostdestroyedentirecities.3．Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A．Fewearthquakeswerescientificallystudiedbeforethe18thcentury.B．Earthquakescanbeavoidedwiththedevelopmentoftechnology.C．Mostoftheearlyearthquakescausedlittledamage.D．Peoplehaven'tfoundthecausesofearthquakessofar.4．What'sthebesttitleforthispassage?A．TheScientificStudyofEarthquakesB．EarthquakesinHistoryC．TheEffectsofEarthquakesonHumansD．WhyEarthquakesOccurⅡ.七選五TheScienceofEarthquakes__1__Thesurfaceoftheearthisdividedintodifferentpieces.Theyarecalledtectonicplates(構(gòu)造板塊).Whentwoplatessuddenlyslippastoneanother,anearthquakehappens.Thisshakesthegroundandeverythingonit.Whatcausesearthquakesandwheredotheyhappen?__2__Theyaretheinnercore,outercore,mantle(地幔)andtheearth'scrust(地殼).Thecrustandthetopofthemantlemakeupathickskinonthesurfaceoftheplanet.Butthisskinisnotallinonepiece.Itisactuallymadeupofmanytectonicplates.Theyarelikepuzzlepieces.Thesepiecesarealwaysslidingaroundandbumpingintoeachother.Sometimestheiredgesgetstucktogether.Whenthishappens,therestoftheplatekeepsmoving.Eventuallytheedgescomeunstuck.__3__Whydoestheearthshakewhenthereisanearthquake?Earthquakessendoutwavesinalldirections.Whentheyreachtheearth'ssurface,theyshaketheground.__4__ThePwavesqueezesandstretchestheearth.TheSwaveshakesitupanddown.__5__Scientistsusespecialtoolstorecordandmeasureearthquakes.Thesetoolsarecalledseismographs.Recordingfromseismographstellsscientistswhenandwhereanearthquaketookplace.Itcanalsotellscientiststhesizeofanearthquake.A．Howareearthquakesrecorded?B．Thatiswhenanearthquakehappens.C．Therearedifferenttypesofearthquakewaves.D．Whatisanearthquake?E．Theearthhasfourmainlayers(層)．F．Canscientistspredictearthquakes?G．ScientistscantellwhereanearthquaketookplacebystudyingthePandSwaves.Ⅲ.完形填空IwasdrivingonthefreewaywhenInoticedheavycloudsrollingin.Astormwascoming.Glancingattheboxesof__1__inthebackseat,Ismiledtomyself.Therainbeganbeating__2__againstmycarwindow,makingdrivingimpossible.I__3__ontotheshoulderoftheroadandstopped.Therain__4__meofHurricaneKatrina.HurricaneKatrinastruckwhenIwasnineyearsold.Ihad__5__itwouldstrikeusinHouston.Itmissedus,butothercitieswerenotsolucky.Irememberedwatchingthe__6__.AreporterstoodinsidetheHoustonAstrodome,__7__people.Manyworedirtyclothes,andsomehadnoshoesontheirfeet.Inoticedalittleboybehindthereporter__8__anoldteddybear.Watchinghim,IknewIhadtodosomething.Thenextday,myfriends__9__meatourvolunteerclubandwecameupwithaplan.Wewantedto__10__toysandgivethemtothekidsattheAstrodome,whichwouldbringsome__11__intothelivesofthesefamilies.We__12__thewordtoourschoolsandotherorganizations.Threedayslater,thecollectionboxeswereoverflowingwithnewtoys!Whenwe__13__theAstrodomewithourgifts,childrenflewtowardusfromalldirections,smileslightinguptheirfaces.BZZZZ...Mycellphonebroughtmebacktothepresent.Tomyjoy,thestormhad__14__“Hector.Wehavemorevictimsofyesterday'stornado(龍卷風(fēng))．”“Well,I'vebroughtclothesI'dliketodonatetothem.The__15__delayedme,butI'llbetheresoon！”Ieasedmycarintothesuddenlybusytraffic.ItfeltgoodtoknowthatIwasmakingadifferenceagain.1．A.toysB．clothesC．giftsD．shoes2．A.gentlyB．lazilyC．merrilyD．heavily3．A.cameoutB．setoutC．pulledoffD．gotoff4．A.warnedB．informedC．remindedD．convinced5．A.worriedB．prayedC．confirmedD．doubted6．A.newsB．showC．gameD．performance7．A.observingB．entertainingC．challengingD．interviewing8．A.huggingB．kickingC．sellingD．throwing9．A.greetedB．joinedC．botheredD．a(chǎn)nnoyed10．A.inventB．selectC．collectD．produce11．A.freedomB．happinessC．motivationD．belief12．A.recitedB．tookC．whisperedD．spread13．A.leftB．decoratedC．enteredD．measured14．A.struckB．passedC．strengthenedD．a(chǎn)pproached15．A.stormB．trafficC．kidD．callⅣ.語法填空LastThursday,therewasabigfireinabigshopinourcity.At8：16thatmorning,1.________theemployeeswereworkingbusilyinthefour-storeyedbuilding,heavysmokewasseen2.________(come)outofthewindowsonthesecondfloor.Thefirelastednearlyanhour,andthemajorityofthe345employeesmanaged3.________(escape)fromthefire.Unfortunately,7werekilled,and23injured,lightlyorseriously.Someworkers4.________(complain)thataidcametoolate,5.________thefiremendidcomejust10minutesafterthefirewasreported.Torescueeveryonefromtheburningandsmokingbuildinginsuchashorttimewastoodifficult.Theonlytwoexitsofthebigbuildingwerenotenoughforsomanypeopletowithdrawin6.________hurry.Thereasonforthefire,accordingtoaninvestigator,was7.________someonebrokethenon-smokingruleinthefactory,becausesomecigaretteends8.________(find).Nexttwoweeks,15inspectionteamswillbeworkinginallthefactories9.________turn,aimingtoclearawaythepossibilityofmorefires.10.________(hope),nodisasterslikethiswillhappenagain.Unit6Disasterandhope課時作業(yè)(一)Startingout&Understandingideas必備知識基礎(chǔ)練Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．disaster2.hurricane3.erupt4.immediately5.announcement6．landslide7.occur8.tube9.plusⅡ.單句語法填空1．eruption2.occurred3.annoucement4.immediately5．recording6.is7.when8.leading9.of10.Compared11．toarriveⅢ.用方框內(nèi)短語的適當(dāng)形式填空1．hefaceof4.pickup5.What'smore6.AfterallⅣ.完成句子1．didhestopcleaningit2.Onlyif3.thereisnodoubtthat4．expectedtobefinished5.NotknowingⅤ.課文語法填空1．答案與解析：unusual考查形容詞。根據(jù)“becausetheaveragehightemperatureinJulyisonly22degrees”可知30多度是不尋常的，故填unusual。2．答案與解析：down考查副詞。根據(jù)andonto可知此處指的是下臺階，故填down。3．答案與解析：hotter考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)空后的than可知此處應(yīng)用比較級，故填hotter。4．答案與解析：for考查介詞。planfor＋名詞，表示“計劃……”，故填for。5．答案與解析：rises考查時態(tài)和主謂一致。主句用的是一般將來時，所以when引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，且theThames為單數(shù)，故填rises。6．答案與解析：showing考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞語為非謂語動詞，且photos與show之間為主動關(guān)系，故填showing。7．答案與解析：tostart考查非謂語動詞。inspiresb.todosth.為固定用法，故填tostart。8．答案與解析：The考查冠詞。根據(jù)nextstation可知此處表示特指，應(yīng)該用定冠詞The。9．答案與解析：immediately考查連詞。分析空格前后可知此處表示“一……就”，故填immediately。10．答案與解析：degrees考查名詞的數(shù)。根據(jù)前面的30可知此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，故填degrees。關(guān)鍵能力提升練Ⅰ.閱讀【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章簡要介紹了歷史上有記載的幾次大地震。1．答案與解析：D根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Bythe17thcentury,descriptionsoftheeffectsofearthquakeswerebeingpublishedaroundtheworld.”可知答案為D。2．答案與解析：C根據(jù)第三段中的“TheseearthquakeswerefeltbypeopleasfarawayasBostonandDenver.”可知答案為C。3．答案與解析：A根據(jù)第一段中的“Untilthe18thcentury,fewfactualdescriptionsofearthquakeswererecorded...”可推斷答案為A。4．答案與解析：B通讀全文可知，本文簡要介紹了歷史上有記載的幾次大地震，故答案為B。Ⅱ.七選五【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，主要介紹了關(guān)于地震的一些知識。1．答案與解析：D由“Thesurfaceoftheearthisdividedintodifferentpieces.Theyarecalledtectonicplates(構(gòu)造板塊)．Whentwoplatessuddenlyslippastoneanother,anearthquakehappens.Thisshakesthegroundandeverythingonit.”可知，地球表面被分成不同的部分。它們被稱為構(gòu)造板塊。當(dāng)兩個板塊突然擦肩而過時，就會發(fā)生地震。這震動了地面和上面的一切事物。所以本段在向讀者解釋地震是什么。故D選項“地震是什么？”符合題意。故D選項正確。2．答案與解析：E由“Theyaretheinnercore,outercore,mantle(地幔)andtheearth'scrust(地殼)．”可知，它們是內(nèi)核、外核、地幔和地殼。所以設(shè)空處要總說“地球有四個主要層”。故E選項“地球有四個主要層。”符合題意。故E選項正確。3．答案與解析：B由空前“Thesepiecesarealwaysslidingaroundandbumpingintoeachother.Sometimestheiredgesgetstucktogether.Whenthishappens,therestoftheplatekeepsmoving.Eventuallytheedgescomeunstuck.”可知，這些碎片總是四處移動、互相碰撞。有時它們的邊緣會卡在一起。當(dāng)這種情況發(fā)生的時候，板塊的剩余部分繼續(xù)移動。最終邊緣會松脫。而這時候會發(fā)生地震。故B選項“那就是一場地震發(fā)生的時候?！狈项}意。故B選項正確。4．答案與解析：C由下文“ThePwavesqueezesandstretchestheearth.TheSwaveshakesitupanddown.”可知，縱波擠壓并拉伸地球。橫波上下?lián)u動地球。所以設(shè)空處要總說“地震波有不同的類型?！惫蔆選項“地震波有不同類型?！狈项}意。故C選項正確。5．答案與解析：A由下文“Scientistsusespecialtoolstorecordandmeasureearthquakes.”可知，科學(xué)家使用特殊工具記錄和測量地震。故該段主要描述地震是如何記錄的，而該空作為小標(biāo)題應(yīng)具有概括功能。C項意為“地震是如何被記錄的”，引出下文，符合語境。故正確答案為A。Ⅲ.完形填空【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文中講述了去捐衣服的路上，一場暴風(fēng)雨把“我”的思緒帶回了颶風(fēng)卡特里娜襲擊時我和朋友為暫住在體育館的孩子送玩具的那一幕。1．答案與解析：B根據(jù)最后一段中的“Well，I'vebroughtclothesI'dliketodonatetothem.”可知，此處指”我”要捐的衣服(clothes)，故選B項。2．答案與解析：D根據(jù)空后的“makingdrivingimpossible”可知，雨下得很大，因此此處表示大雨猛烈地打在車窗上，故選D項。3．答案與解析：C雨大得讓“我”無法開車，所以“我”把車拐到路邊停了下來。comeout“出版”；setout“動身踏上”；pulloff“駛離(道路)(停下或進(jìn)入小路)”；getoff“下車”。4．答案與解析：C雨下得很大，讓“我”想起了颶風(fēng)卡特里娜。remindsb.ofsth.表示“使某人想起某事”，故選C項。5．答案與解析：A颶風(fēng)卡特里娜來了，“我”自然是擔(dān)心(worried)它會襲擊我們。6．答案與解析：A根據(jù)空后的reporter可知，這是新聞(news)里的情景，故選A項。7．答案與解析：D結(jié)合常識及語境，記者自然是對人們進(jìn)行采訪(interviewing)，故選D項