考研英語(yǔ)小作文總結(jié)

應(yīng)用性短文包括：

私人和公務(wù)信函

備忘錄

摘要

報(bào)告

便條

演講稿

簡(jiǎn)歷

—詢(xún)問(wèn)請(qǐng)求信

二求職信

三推薦信

四感謝信

五道歉信

六邀請(qǐng)信

七投訴信

八建議信

推薦信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)推薦信是向收信人推薦某人做某事的信件，一般分為三個(gè)部分:

1.指出被推薦的人及推薦的原因；

2.介紹被推薦人的情況；

3.總結(jié)說(shuō)明被推薦人值得被推薦（例如能勝任工作）。

建議信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)建議信是建議收信人采取某種行動(dòng)的信件，一般分為三個(gè)部分:

1.說(shuō)明建議的內(nèi)容；

2.提出建議的原因；

3.指出采納建議的益處。

求職信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)求職信是申請(qǐng)具體職位的信件，包括下列三個(gè)部分：

1.說(shuō)明應(yīng)聘職位；

2.介紹自身情況；

3.請(qǐng)求回復(fù)并表示感謝。

感謝信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)感謝信是就某事向收信人表示感謝的信件，分為三個(gè)部分：

1.指出對(duì)方幫助自己的事情，表示感謝；

2.展開(kāi)敘述這件事；

3.再次感謝，并可表示希望回報(bào)對(duì)方

致歉信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)致歉信是向收信人表示歉意的信件，包括三個(gè)部分：

1.說(shuō)明為何事而致歉；

2.解釋造成過(guò)失或不能履約的原因；

3.再次致歉或提出解決方案。

祝賀信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)祝賀信是由于某種原因向收信人道賀的信件，一般包含三個(gè)部分：

1.點(diǎn)明要祝賀的事情，并向?qū)Ψ降蕾R；

2.詳述祝賀的事情；

3.再次祝賀。

邀請(qǐng)信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)邀請(qǐng)信是邀請(qǐng)收信人參加某項(xiàng)活動(dòng)的書(shū)信，包含三個(gè)方面：

1.邀請(qǐng)對(duì)方參加活動(dòng)的內(nèi)容、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)；

2.與該活動(dòng)有關(guān)的注意事項(xiàng)；

3.期待對(duì)方接受邀請(qǐng)，并可表示感謝。

投訴信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)投訴信是對(duì)產(chǎn)品或服務(wù)表示不滿(mǎn)的信件，一般分三個(gè)部分：

1.提出投訴內(nèi)容；

2.說(shuō)明具體情況；

3.提出解決辦法。

詢(xún)問(wèn)信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)詢(xún)問(wèn)信是希望獲取信息的信件，分為三個(gè)部分：

1.說(shuō)明自己的計(jì)劃或目的，也就是詢(xún)問(wèn)信息的原因；

2.征詢(xún)具體信息；

3.期待回復(fù)并表示感謝。

介紹信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)介紹信是向收信人介紹某人的信件，包含三個(gè)部分：

1.說(shuō)明被介紹人的身份；

2.提出希望收信人做的事情；

3.如果是請(qǐng)收信人關(guān)照被介紹人，表示感謝；如果是請(qǐng)收信人與被介紹人共同工作，

則對(duì)合作表示樂(lè)觀(guān)。

申請(qǐng)信

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)申請(qǐng)信是向收信人提出某個(gè)請(qǐng)求的信件，包含三個(gè)部分：

1,提出請(qǐng)求；

2.說(shuō)明原因；

3.請(qǐng)求回復(fù)并表示感謝。

便箋

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)便箋也叫做便條，是一種簡(jiǎn)便的信函，形式簡(jiǎn)單，可用于詢(xún)問(wèn)、道歉、請(qǐng)假、

約會(huì)、留言、歸還東西等很多事由。

通知

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)通知的目的是傳遞信息或分配工作，包含內(nèi)容、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)。如果是活動(dòng)，

應(yīng)包含參加的人員范圍；如果是講座或報(bào)告，應(yīng)包含演講人的簡(jiǎn)介。

備忘錄

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)備忘錄是單位內(nèi)部傳遞信息的文件，包括抬頭和正文，其中抬頭包含四個(gè)部

分：

TO:收閱者

FROM:撰寫(xiě)者

SUBJECT:主題

DATE:日期

簡(jiǎn)歷

結(jié)構(gòu)要點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)歷是個(gè)人經(jīng)歷的書(shū)面表達(dá)形式，應(yīng)包含個(gè)人信息、教育背景和工作經(jīng)歷。有

時(shí)還可包含事業(yè)目標(biāo)(objective或careerobjective)、其他經(jīng)歷(activities)、獲獎(jiǎng)情況

(awards)和特長(zhǎng)(specialskills)等。

私人和公務(wù)信函一概述

書(shū)信是日常生活中常用的文體，是用以交涉事宜、傳達(dá)信息、交流思想、聯(lián)絡(luò)感情、增

進(jìn)了解的重要工具。書(shū)信一般可分為商務(wù)信件或公函(BusinessLetterorOfficial

Correspondence)和私人信件(PrivateLetter)兩大類(lèi)。值得注意的是，英語(yǔ)書(shū)信的寫(xiě)法與

漢語(yǔ)書(shū)信有一些明顯區(qū)別，應(yīng)特別加以區(qū)分。

英語(yǔ)書(shū)信通常包括下面幾個(gè)組成部分：信端、信內(nèi)地址、稱(chēng)呼、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)、簽名、

附件、再啟等。下面我們將逐個(gè)進(jìn)行介紹。

關(guān)于發(fā)信日期的寫(xiě)法，應(yīng)注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

①年份應(yīng)完全寫(xiě)出，不能簡(jiǎn)寫(xiě)。

②月份要用英文名稱(chēng)，不要用數(shù)字代替。

③月份名稱(chēng)多用公認(rèn)的縮寫(xiě)式。但May,June,July,因?yàn)檩^短，不可縮寫(xiě)。

④寫(xiě)日期時(shí)，可用基數(shù)詞1，2,3,4,5,......28,29,30,31等，也可用序數(shù)詞1st,

2nd,3rd,4th,5th,......28th,29th,30th,311st等。但最好用基數(shù)詞,簡(jiǎn)單明了。

日期可有下列幾種寫(xiě)法：

①Oct.20,2004

②10May.,2004

③3rdJune,2004

④Sept.16th,2004

其中，①最為通用。

3.稱(chēng)呼(Salutation)

給外國(guó)人寫(xiě)英文信時(shí)，稱(chēng)呼用語(yǔ)要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：

①對(duì)沒(méi)有頭銜的男性一般稱(chēng)呼Mr.。Mr.用在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前，不可只用在

名字之前，例如對(duì)的稱(chēng)呼，應(yīng)該是：Mr,或Mr.White,不可是：Mr.Phil。若稱(chēng)呼多個(gè)男性，

則在姓名前用Mr.的復(fù)數(shù)形式Messrs.?對(duì)一般以人名為名稱(chēng)的公司和企業(yè)常用這種稱(chēng)

呼，例如:Messrs.BlackandBrothers布萊克兄弟公司。

②對(duì)女性一般稱(chēng)呼Mrs.,Madam或Miss。Mrs.用在已婚女子的丈夫的姓氏之前，或

姓氏和名字之前，一般不用在名字前Madame此詞可以單獨(dú)使用或加在丈夫的姓名之前

Mrs.沒(méi)有復(fù)數(shù)形式。若稱(chēng)呼多個(gè)女性，則在姓名前用Mme.的復(fù)數(shù)形式Mmes.而對(duì)以女

子名字為名稱(chēng)的公司、企業(yè)可用Mesdames稱(chēng)呼。Miss多用于未婚女子，此詞可縮寫(xiě)為

Ms,用于姓氏之前或姓氏和名字之前，一般不用于名字之前。

③對(duì)收信人的稱(chēng)呼，也可用頭銜或職位的名稱(chēng)，不分性別。例如Professor(縮寫(xiě)為Prof.),

Doctor(縮寫(xiě)為Dr.),General(縮寫(xiě)為Gen.)。這些稱(chēng)呼都放在姓氏之前或姓氏和名字

之前，如Prof.(Phil)White等。

④對(duì)外公函中對(duì)收信人的稱(chēng)呼，可用Gentlemen(而不是Gentleman),DearSir⑸

和MydearSir(s)等。Gentlemen之前不能加Dear,后面也不能帶姓名。用Sirs時(shí)，前

面常用Dear一詞，但也可單獨(dú)用Sir。若收信人是婦女，則無(wú)論已婚或未婚，都可單獨(dú)使

用Madam或其復(fù)數(shù)Mesdames。

⑤對(duì)外國(guó)高級(jí)官員的稱(chēng)呼，如國(guó)家元首、政府首腦、部長(zhǎng)、大使、公使和特使等，可用

（Dear）Sir,（Dear）Mr.Chairman,（Dear）Mr.Premier,（Mydear）Mr.Ambassador,

YourExcellency（復(fù)數(shù)為Excellencies）0

⑥對(duì)君主制國(guó)家的國(guó)王和皇帝等男性君主，可以Sir稱(chēng)呼，對(duì)女王、女皇和皇后等女性

君主，可用Madam稱(chēng)呼。有時(shí)也用YourMajesty稱(chēng)呼以表示?？蜌夂妥鹁碮ourMajesty

可兼指男性和女性，其復(fù)數(shù)為YourMajesties。

⑦對(duì)王室成員，如太子、王子、親王和公主等，一般可用（Dear）Sir或（Dear）Madam

但在正式尊稱(chēng)時(shí)，一般用YourHighness（復(fù)數(shù)為Highnesses）.,

收信人稱(chēng)呼

先生（男人）Mr./Esq.

夫人（已婚）Mrs.

小姐（未婚）Miss

夫人、小姐統(tǒng)稱(chēng)Ms.

夫婦倆人Mr.andMrs.

兩位或兩位以上男子Messrs

兩位或兩位以上女子（已婚）Mesdames

兩位或兩位以上小姐（未婚）Misses

常見(jiàn)的頭銜（漢英對(duì)照）如下：

教授Professor

博士Doctor（Dr.,Ph.D.）

醫(yī)學(xué)博士MedicalDoctor（M.D.）

總統(tǒng)或校長(zhǎng)President

主席或董事長(zhǎng)Chairman

副主席或副董事長(zhǎng)ViceChairman

副總統(tǒng)或副校長(zhǎng)VicePresident

首相PrimeMinister

總理Premier

省長(zhǎng)或州長(zhǎng)Governor

市長(zhǎng)Mayor

參議員Senator

大使Ambassador

秘書(shū)長(zhǎng)SecretaryGeneral

一秘FirstSecretary

二秘SecondSecretary

院長(zhǎng)Director;Dean

副院長(zhǎng)ViceDirector

系主任Dean,Head,Chair

館長(zhǎng)ChiefLibrarian,Curator

閣下Excellency

神甫Father

4.信的正文（BodyoftheLetter）

信的正文每段第一行應(yīng)往右縮進(jìn)約四五個(gè)字母。在寫(xiě)事務(wù)性信件時(shí)，正文一般開(kāi)門(mén)見(jiàn)山，內(nèi)

容簡(jiǎn)單明了，條理清楚。在寫(xiě)私人信件時(shí)，信寫(xiě)好之后若有什么遺漏，可用P.S.表示補(bǔ)敘。

5.結(jié)束語(yǔ)（ComplimentaryClose）

結(jié)束語(yǔ)是寫(xiě)信人表示自己對(duì)收信人的一種謙稱(chēng)，只占一行，低于正文一二行，從信紙的

中間或偏右的地方開(kāi)始寫(xiě)。第一個(gè)詞的開(kāi)頭字母要大寫(xiě)，末尾用逗號(hào)。結(jié)束語(yǔ)視寫(xiě)信人與收

信人的關(guān)系而定。

私人和公務(wù)信函--常用句式

常用的起首語(yǔ)有：

1)ThankyouforyourletterdatedDec.22,1969.

2)ManythanksforyourletterofSept.5,1997.

3)AthousandthanksforyourkindletterofJune5,1997.

4)YourkindletterofNovember22tharrivedthismorning.

5)Yourletterwhicharrivedthismorninggavemegreatcomfort.

6)Inreplytoyourletterdated4thJuly,Iwanttosay...

7)ThankyouverymuchforyourletterofAugust2andthegiftyousentmeonChristmas

Eve.

8)WhatatreattoreceiveyourkindletterofMay5th!

9)Itisalwaysathrilltoseeyournicehandwriting.

10)FirstofallImustthankyouforyourkindassistanceandhighattentiontome.

ll)WithgreatdelightIlearnfromyourletterofthisSundaythat...

14)1amverymuchpleasedtoinformyouthatmyvisittoyourcountryhasbeen

approved.

15)1wishtoapplyforteachingpositionyouareoffering.

16)1amtooexcitedanddelightedatyourgoodnews.

17)1amveryobligedto;youforyourwarmcongratulations....

常用的結(jié)束語(yǔ)有：

1)Awaitingyourgoodnews,

2)Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply,

3)Hopingtohearfromyousoon,

4)Weawaityourgoodnews.

5)1hopetohearfromyouverysoon.

6)Welookforwardtoyourreplyatyourearliestconvenience.

7)1lookforwardtoournextmeetingthereinLosAngeles.

8)Yourearlyreplywillbehighlyappreciated.

9)Anyotherparticularswantedweshallbepleasedtosendyou.

10)Thehelpyougivemeissincerelyvalued.

11)1hopeeverythingwillbewellwithyou.

12)Pleaseletusknowifyouwantmoreinformation.

13)1hopeyoualwaysenjoyyourself.

14)1wishyouverysuccessinthecomingyear

15)Pleaseremembermetoyourfamily.

16)Withbestregardstoyourfamily.

17)AIIthebest.

18)Withloveandgoodwishes.

私人和公務(wù)信函--分類(lèi)舉例-私人介紹信

例1

Directions:OneofyourclassmatesandfriendsLiFangwillgotoauniversityinNewYorkto

studyforseveralmonths.PleasewritealettertoanAmericanfriendinNewYorkand

introduceLiFangtohim/her.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowrite

theaddress.

DearMrsMark,

IamgivingMissFangLi,aclassmateofminezthisnoteofintroductiontoyouandMr.Mark,

whenshegoestovisitNewYorkCity.MissLiismygoodfriend.Sheisinvitedbya

universitytostudythereforafewmonths.Sheisakindyounglady.Ibelieveyouwillenjoy

meetingandknowingeachotherandbecomefriends.Itismyhopethatyouwillkindly

invitehertostayinyourhouseforafewdays.

Kindregards

Veryaffectionately,

XXX

*Itismyhopethat...是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句式，意同Ihopethat.

stayinyourhouse表示在你家小住。

例2

Directions:YourfriendMaryBrownwillgotoWashingtonD.C.nextmonth.

Write alettertoTonywhoisthereandintroduceMarytohim.Youshouldwrite

about100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearTony,

ThisletterwillintroducemybestfriendMaryBrownofwhomyou'veoftenheardme

mention.SheisgoingtobeinWashingtonD.C.nextmonthtolecture.Iwantverymuchto

havehermeetyouthere.

Andthisseemslikeanexcellentchanceforyoutomeeteachother.Ithinkbothofyou

willhavealotincommon.SofarasIknow,youbothareinterestedinmodernliterature.

Onceyoumeether;youwillreallyenjoyhercompany.Anykindnesstoherwillbeduly

appreciatedbyme.

Yoursaffectionately,

xxx

*這是一個(gè)向朋友介紹朋友的介紹信。Tony和Mary都是寫(xiě)信人的朋友，在他看來(lái)，

他們志同道合，有共同愛(ài)好，所以希望他們相識(shí)，信中說(shuō)"youbothareinterestedinmodern

literatureonceyoumeether;youwillreallyenjoyhercompany”。

私人和公務(wù)信函一分類(lèi)舉例--應(yīng)聘信

(AcceptingRequestforanInterview)

例1

Directions:Youhavejustreceivedaletterfromacompany,whichrepliedyour

applicationforajobandaskedyoutogototheinterviewonAugust30,Pleasewritea

replywhichisabout100wordsandyoudonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearMr.Wangz

ThankyouforyourreplyofAugust20aboutmyapplicationforaposition.Itcameto

handthismorningasapleasantsurprise.IamgladtotellyouthatIwillattendthe

interviewatthetimeyousetforthemorningofAugust30.1willbringalongfulldetailsof

mytestimonialsasyousuggested.

Iwouldliketointroducemyselftothecompanyandhopetobeamemberofit.I

wouldcertainlysparenoefforttoacquitmyselftoyoursatisfaction.

Yoursrespectfully,

xxx

*cometohand表示收到。set表示設(shè)定時(shí)間。sparenoeffort不遺余力。

私人和公務(wù)信函一分類(lèi)舉例-推薦信

(LettersofRecommendation)

例1

Directions:Youarepreparingtointroduceyourstudenttosb.Writealetterabout100

wordsandexpressyouropinionclearly.

1)whattherefereewanttoobtain

2)thereasonyouwanttointroducehimorher.

3)theopinionandsuggestionofyourself.

Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearProfessorSmith,

ItismypleasuretorecommendmystudentMr.WangGangforadmissiontoyour

departmentforpursuingamasterdegreeinaccounting.

IamengagedinaccountingteachingatauniversityinBeijingChina,Ienjoymywork

andallofmyChinesestudents,whoaresocleverandfriendly.HoweverMr.WangGang

excelsalmostanyothers.Heisnotonlyoutstandinginthefieldofaccountingbutalso

giftedfortheEnglishlanguage,forheseemstounderstandalmosteverywordIsayin

class.Asconcernashispersonality,Ifindhimhonest,responsible,andcooperative.Ibet

youlllikehimtoo.

Irecommendhimenthusiastically.IfyouneedfurtherinformationregardingMr.Wang

Gnag,donothesitatetocontactme.

Bestregards,

Sincerelyyours,

xxx

*beengagedin表示從事(..工作)，asconcernas關(guān)于、提及

例2

Directions:Youareaskedtowritearecommendationofyourstudentforapositionof

marketingclerkabout100wordspleaseexpressyourreasonclearly.Youdonotneedto

writetheaddress.

DearMr.Manager

IamwritingthislettertorecommendatemystudentWangGangwhoisseekingthe

positionofmarketingclerkofyourcompany.

Hesaysyouaresatisfiedwithhispresentationattheinterviewandrequire

recommendationtobeattachedtohisexceptionalacademicperformanceinthecollege.

Ashispoliticalinstructor;IthinkMr.Wangiswellqualifiedforthepositionheseeks.He

alwaysranksamongthetopfiveinhisgrade,haspassedCET-6andobtainsacertificateof

intermediatecomputerskills.Mr.Wangisastudious,selfless,andaspiringyoungmanzand

heisawardedthetitleofThreeGoodActivistbythecollegeeveryyear.

Ibelieveheisagoodcandidateworthyofyourconsideration.

Yoursincerely,

xxx

*interview即面試，bewellqualified表示完全具有資格、很合格

例3

Directions:Youaregoingtowritearecommendationforsb.asyouwillintroducehim

orherajob.Pleaseexpressyourideaclearlyabout100words.Youdonotneedtowritethe

address.

DearSirs,

ItakedelightinrecommendingMrWangGangtotheEducationDepartmentofyour

university.

MrWangisaconscientiousandstrong-mindedyoungman.Hewasfirsttrainedfor

twoyearsinBeijingNormalUniversityandassignedtoworkasahighschoolteacher.His

desire,howevei;wastoinstructEnglishinauniversity.ThenheenteredtheBeijing

InstituteofEducationtostudyEnglishforanothertwoyears.Hisacademicrecordwas

exceptionallygood,especiallyinAmericanliteraturecourse.

Now,Hehasgraduatedfromtheinstituteandhopestostudyfurtherabroad,which

willbenefithisfutureemploymentprospectandmayhelpfulfilhisdesire.

Ishouldappreciateitverymuchifyouwouldconsiderhim.

Yourssincerelyxxx

*takedelightin表示很樂(lè)于(做某事)。

例4

Directions:Yourareaskedtowritearecommendationforastudent.Pleasegiveyour

suggestionsandexpressyouropinionsclearlyabout100words.Youdonotneedtowrite

theaddress.

ToProfessorZhang,

IhavethepleasureofwritingthisletterofrecommendationforMr.LiMing,whoisa

studentofmine.HewishestobeconsideredanapplicantfortheMScourseofbiologyat

yourcollege.

Mr.Wangisagiftedyoungman.Hehasdevotedhishearttohisstudyandresearch.

NotonlyhasheobtainedA'sinallmajorsubjectareas,buthehasalsopublishedseveral

articlesintheschooljournal,illustratinghisoriginalityandhisdeepunderstandingof

science.Forhiscompetence,heisrespectedbyeveryonewhoknowshim.

Ifeelsurethat,ifheisacceptedbyyourcollege,hewillbeabletodevelophistalent

toitsfullestpotential.Isincerelyhopeyouwillgivehimfavorableconsideration.

Yourscordially,

xxx

*推薦信經(jīng)常使用一些褒獎(jiǎng)的形容詞來(lái)描述被推薦人。以下是一些常用的描述品行和能

力的詞語(yǔ),供大家參考：bright, clever;capable,gifted,talented,ingenious,

outstanding,prominent,diligent,assiduous,industrious,conscientious,hardworking,

humorous,good-humored,cooperative,compromising,competent,original,innovative,

ambitious,creative,original,innovative,inventive,imaginative,firm,persistent,

persevering,resourceful,kind-hearted,generous,honest,helpful,cheerful,considerate,

devoted,dedicated,committed,promising,farbeyondtheaverageperson等。以上各詞應(yīng)

根據(jù)語(yǔ)意選擇，但不要過(guò)于堆砌。

私人和公務(wù)信函一分類(lèi)舉例-祝賀信

(LettersofCongratulation)

例1

Directions:Pleasewritealetterofabout100wordstocongratulateyourfriendLiMing,

whodidwellinthepassedcollegeentranceexamandhasbeenenrolledinPeking

University.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearMing,

Weareveryhappytoknowthatyouhavesuccessfullypassedthecollegeentrance

examinationthisyearandhavebeenadmittedintoPekingUniversity.Allowustogiveour

mostsincerecongratulationsonthisexcitingoccasion.

Youhaveallalongbeenworkinghardatyourprofessionalstudies,andyouare

excellentinmostsubjects.Yoursuccessshowsthatonlyhardworkcanyieldgood

results.

Wetakethisopportunitytoexpressourbestwishestoyou.Wishyougreater

achievementsinyourcollegeeducation.

Yourscordially,

xxx

*對(duì)朋友高考勝利的祝賀信應(yīng)包括對(duì)其所付出努力的肯定，對(duì)其成績(jī)的祝賀和對(duì)未來(lái)的

祝福。

例2

Directions:YourfriendStevenandJennyhavejusthadanewbabyboy.Pleasewritea

letterofabout100wordstocongratulatethem.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

Dear Jenny:

Howhappyyoumustbetohaveabeautifulnewbabyboy.Thehappinessinmyheart

isjustthesamewithyou.Nowyou'veexperiencedthejoythatonlyanewmotherknows

asherbabyisputintoherarmsforthefirsttime.

Iamsurethatthelittlestrangermustlooklikehisfatherandsomeyearslaterhewill

beasmartfellow.

MaytheyearsaheadbefilledwithgoodhealthandgoodfortuneforyouandSteven

andyourlittleWhats-his-name.Bestwishestoallofyou!

Verysincerelyyours,

xxx

*慶賀孩子出生的信一般都寫(xiě)給孩子的母親

例3

Directions:YourhighschoolclassmateZhanghonghasjustgraduatedfromCambridge

University.Pleasewritealettertocongratulateher.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsand

donotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearZhanghong:

Howtimeflies!HereyouaregraduatingfromCambridgeUniversityandplanningto

findajobinacomputercooperationintheUnitedStates.

Congratulationsonthejobwelldonewhileatuniversityandgoodlucktoyouduring

yournewcareer.<BR>

Iwishyousuccessinallyourundertakingsandhopeyou'llfindyourcareerasourceof

greatjoyandhappiness.

Anytimewhenyoucomebackhome,!wishyouwouldcometomyplace.Then,we

mayrecallourhighschoollife.Everythingwillbewellwithyou—Ibelieve.

Sincerelyyours,

XXX

*寫(xiě)作時(shí)要充分挖掘?qū)дZ(yǔ)中的有效信息，特別是highschoolclassmate等細(xì)節(jié)信息。

例4

Directions：BillgotaDoctorateinliteratureforTsinghuaUniversity.Writealetterto

congratulatehim.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritethe

address.

DearBill,

IgotthenewsfromMikethatyouhavereceivedaDoctorateinliteraturefrom

TsinghuaUniversity.Icongratulateyouforthis.Tohavereachedthismilestoneinyour

scholarshipatayoungageisreallygreat.Itmeans,Ibelieve,yearsofassiduousstudyand

hardworkonyourpart.Anditisanachievementyoucanbewellproudof.Asyourbest

friend,Ihopeyoucanreachhigherlevelinyourstudyanddomorecontributiontothe

society.Mybestwishestoyou!

Sincerely,xxx

*朋友年輕有為，獲得博士學(xué)位，應(yīng)該祝賀。正如信中所說(shuō)，這一成就是''多年來(lái)刻苦

學(xué)習(xí)和努力工作的結(jié)果”(yearsofassiduousstudyandhardwork)。英文有一句成語(yǔ)：No

sweetnosweat.世界上不勞有獲的事情是沒(méi)有的。

例5

Directions:Writealetterofcongratulationtoafriendwhowinthescholarshipin

TsinghuaUniversity.Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddonotneedtowritethe

address.

DearJiang,

Itakegreatpleasureinsendingcongratulationstoyouonyourwinningthe

scholarshiptotheTsinghuaUniversityofAmericanliterature.

WhileI'mnotalittlesurprised,I'mallhappytogetthegoodnews.Iknowyouhave

gotexcellentmarksforallthecoursesyoutook.Itisgreattoknowthatyouhaveachieved

thegoalyousetforyourself.Itisanawardthatyourichlydeserve,fmreallyproudof

you.

Warmestcongratulations.

Cordiallyyours,

xxx

*這是一封祝賀信。字詞之間流露出祝賀的誠(chéng)意，如"greatpleasure",''notalittle

surprise","great”

例6

Directions:YouhavejustfoundanarticleaboutyourfriendJim'ssuccessinresearch

onJinghuanewspaper.Writealettertohimtocongratulatehim.Youshouldwriteabout

100wordsanddonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearJim,

Weareveryhappytolearnfromtoday'sJinghuanewspaperthegreatnewsofyour

success—ApaperonTeachingTheory.Youcan'timagehowpleasedweare.

Itisawell-deservedrecognitionofyourremarkablework.Weareluckyinhavingyou

amongourfriends,andwearesoproudofyouandhappyforyou.

Pleaseacceptourwarmestcongratulations.

Yourscordially,

XXX

*寫(xiě)作中應(yīng)擅用破折號(hào)，以達(dá)到簡(jiǎn)單明了的目的。Itisarecognitionof表示這是對(duì)某

人某事的認(rèn)同和肯定。

私人和公務(wù)信函一分類(lèi)舉例--求助信

(LettersofAskingforHelp)

例1

Directions:YouwanttostudyfurtherforaMaster'sdegreeandyouarepreparingfor

theentranceexam.SinceyouhavedifficultyinEnglish,youshouldwritealetteraround

100wordstoaskforhelpfromyourgoodfriendFang.Youdonotneedtowritethe

address.

DearFang,

IamsorrythatIhavetoaskafavourofyou,withthehopethatyouwillbekindto

helpme.

IhavebeenlongingtoapplyfortheentranceexaminationforMAcandidatesfora

longtimebecauseIwanttopursueadvancedstudies.UnfortunatelyIfindmyselffarfrom

therequiredstandard,especiallymyverypoorEnglish.Atthismoment,thepersonal

friendshipleadsmetoapproachyouwiththerequest,whetheryoucanmanagetogiveme

someconstructiveguidance.Ipromisetobeadiligentstudent.Ifyouagree,Iwillcometo

yourhouseonceaweekatatimemostconvenienttoyou.

Thankyouverymuchforyourkindhelponmanyoccasionsinthepast.

Yourfriend, 

xxx

*Thankyouverymuchforyourkindhelponmanyoccasionsinthepast.

多次承你幫忙，不勝感激！

例2

Directions:Supposeyouareaseniormajoredinphysicsandplantostudyfurther

abroad.Pleasewritealetterofabout100wordstoprofessorLiandaskhimtowritea

referenceforyoutoaU.S.university.Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearprofessorLi,

IamaundergraduatefromtheDepartmentofphysicsandIfortunatelytookamajor

courseonwhichyoulectured.Yourlessonsimpressedmedeeply.

AsaseniorIfacethechoicebetweenhuntingforajobandcontinuingtostudy.I

prefertoapplyforachancetopursueaMaster'sdegreeabroad.

IhavetakenrequiredEnglishexamsandgotexcellentscores.What'smore,Ihave

finishedmypersonalstatement,whichisattachedtothisletter.Izmnowwritingtoaskif

youcanwriteareferenceforme,whichwillgreatlyfacilitatemyadmissionintoaU.S.

university.

Bestwishesforyourhealth.

YourStudent,

xxx

<BR>*在請(qǐng)求別人寫(xiě)推薦信時(shí)應(yīng)寫(xiě)明自己的目的和打算，并為對(duì)方提供相關(guān)信息。

例3

Directions:YouplantoapplyforadmissiontoHarvardUniversity.YouwantMrBlack

helpyouwithmoney.Writealettertohimtotellhim.

1)Thereasonforyourletter.

2)Thesumofmoney

3)HowyoumakeyourlivingintheU.S.

Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearMr.Black,

IhaveappliedforadmissiontoHarvardUniversity.AsIhavenorelativesintheUnited

StatesandIhavenoenoughmoneyforthetuition.Imustfindafinancialguarantor.You

know,inapplyingforastudentvisa,anaffidavittosupportmustbesubmittedfroman

individualwhowillassurethisopportunity.Itplaysanimportantroleformychanceto

entertheHarvardUniversity.Couldyoudomeafavortobemyfinancialguarantor.IfI

reallyhavethechanceofcomingtotheU.S.,Iw川undertakepart-timeemploymentto

coverallthelivingexpenses.

Pleasewritetomesoon.

Yourssincerely,

XXX

*出國(guó)留學(xué)需要有人經(jīng)濟(jì)擔(dān)保。如果是到美國(guó)留學(xué)，那么你的美國(guó)友人要填寫(xiě)一份擔(dān)保

書(shū)(affidavitofsupport),保證你在美國(guó)學(xué)習(xí)期間的學(xué)費(fèi)和生活費(fèi)用。

例4

Directions:Youarepreparingtoaskforsomehelpfromyourteacher;writealetter

that:

1)detailwhatyouwantheorshedoforyou.

2)expressyourthankstoyourteacher.

Youdonotneedtowritetheaddress.

DearMsWang,

Imakeboldtowritethislettertoaskyoutodomeafavour.Ihavetriedtotranslate

severalshortChinesestoriesintoEnglishforapart-timejob.Asitisthefirsttimeformeto

doatranslationwork,Ithinktheremustbemanyerrorsandawkwardexpressionsof

ChineseEnglishformylackofexperiences.Isincerelyhopethatyouwouldreadovermy

manuscriptsandcorrectmymistakesandsociolisms.Alsocouldyoupleasegivemesome

othersuggestionsonmytranslationwork.

Thankyouforyourhelpwithgreatrespect!

Yourfaithfulstudent,

XXX

*.請(qǐng)人幫忙除了通常所說(shuō)的askforhelp,也可以用dosbafavour來(lái)表達(dá)。表示很誠(chéng)懇

地希望什么時(shí)，可用句型''Isincerelyhopethat...”

私人和公務(wù)信函一分類(lèi)舉例一求職信

(LettersofApplyingforAJob)

求職信的內(nèi)容一般包括以下部分：

1)寫(xiě)信的緣由；

2)個(gè)人情況簡(jiǎn)介，例如；年齡、性別、文化程度、工作經(jīng)歷、工作技能、個(gè)人專(zhuān)長(zhǎng)等；

3)推薦人或證明人姓名以供錄用方查詢(xún)；

4)約定面試時(shí)間。通常隨求職信附上個(gè)人簡(jiǎn)歷和兩三封推薦信。

例1

Directions:Youarexxx,anto—begraduatefromJiLinUniversity,majoringinEnglish.

Writealettertoacompanyapplyingforaposition,Yourlettershouldinclude

1)anintroductionofyourself.

2)yourqualificationfortheposition.

3)askingforaninterview.

Youshouldwrite100wordsorso,youdon'tneedtowritetheaddress.

DearSirs,

IamagraduateefromJilinUniversityofForeignLanguageInstitute.Asastudentof

EnglishforBusiness,Ihopetoworkinaforeigncompanyaftergraduation.

Inthepastfouracademicyears,IhaveprovedmyselftobeastraightAstudent,

awardedasuccessionofscholarships.MyEnglishisparticularlygoodandGermanhappens

tobemysecondforeignlanguage,whichwillliveuptotherequirementssetbya

wholly-ownedforeigncompanylikeyours.

Iapplyforthepositionofassistantto yourmarketingprojectmanager.Youwill

findmeagoodteamplayer;self-motivatedandeagertolearn.IbelieveIcanbeofvalue

toyourcompany.

Ishouldbeveryhappyifyouwouldarrangeaninterviewwithme.

yourssincerely,

xxx

*Liveupto符合arrangeaninterview安排面試

例2

Directions:Youareaseniorofcomputerscience.YouzdliketobeaninternforanIT

company.Writealettertopresentyourwillings:Youshouldclear:

l)youreducationbackground.

2)yourpurposeofbeinganintern.

Youshouldwriteabout100wordsanddon'tneedtowritetheaddress.

Dearsirs,

IamaseniorofcomputerscienceinBeijingUniversityofTechnology.Iwouldliketo

workasaninterninyourcompany.AsIhaveawideinterestincomputer;Iwilldo

whateverjobassignedtomezinsoftwaredevelopmentorintechnicalsupport.Oneofmy

advantagesisthatIamabletoworkconscientiouslyunderpressure.Themorechallenging

mytaskis,thebetteritwillbedone.

Mymainpurposeisjust toputintopracticewhatIhavelearnedfromthe

classroominthepastfewyearsandtolearnaboutmyownabilityinpracticalwork.

Remunerationisnotyettakenintoconsideration.

Iamenclosingaresumeandlookingforwardtohearingfromyou.

Yoursrespectfully,

xxx

*putintopractice付諸實(shí)踐

例3

Directions:SupposeyougraduatesfromBusinessSchoolofPekingUniversity.Please

writealettertoadirectorandapplyforachanceoffurtherstudy.Thenumberofwordsis

nolessthan100wordsandyoudon'tneedtowritetheaddress.

DearMr.Director;

IaminterestedinyourgraduateProgramofInternationalManagement.Ihavejust

graduatedfromtheBusinessSchoolofPekingUniversity,holdingabachelordegreeand

awardedtheTitleofExcellentStudent.

Ishouldbemostobligedtoyouifyouwouldsendmeyourcatalogueandnecessary

applicationformsatyourearliestconvenience.

Enclosedpleasefindmyresumeattestingtomyoutstandingacademicperformanceat

theBusinessSchoolofPekingUniversity.

Thankyouforyourconsideration.

Yourssincerely,

xxx

*這是一封本科畢業(yè)生寫(xiě)給研究生導(dǎo)師的信，把它歸入求職信是因?yàn)槎咴趯?xiě)法上基本

上是一致的。

例4

Directions:Writeanapplicationforemployment.Theapplicationsho