原創(chuàng)高中英語必修3Module3TheVoilenceofNature知識點整理二

必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature知識點整理二.間接引語的用法★概念：直接引述別人的話叫直接引語，直接引語的標(biāo)志是帶引號；用自己的話轉(zhuǎn)述別人的話叫間接引語，間接引語不帶引號，間接引語一般用賓語從句來表達。直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時，從句中的人稱、時態(tài)、語序、代詞、時間狀語以及地點狀語等都要視情況而進行相應(yīng)的變化。(1)人稱的變化直接引語中的第一人稱代詞變?yōu)榕c主句的主語一致;第二人稱代詞變?yōu)榕c主句的賓語一致;第三人稱代詞不需要變化.(一主二賓三不變)Hesaid,“Idon'tlikethispen."fHesaidthathedidn'tlikethatpen.Heaskedme,“Howlonghaveyoulivedhere?JHeaskedmehowlongIhadlivedthere.Heaskedme,“Isshesleepingnow?”fHeaskedmewhether/ifshewassleepingthen.(2)時態(tài)的變化①主句是一般現(xiàn)在時(或一般將來時)，從句時態(tài)不變。②主句是一般過去時，從句用相應(yīng)的過去時態(tài)。直接引語間接引語一般現(xiàn)在時一般過去時現(xiàn)在進行時過去進行時現(xiàn)在完成時過去完成時一般將來時過去將來時現(xiàn)在完成進行時過去完成進行時般過去時 過去完成時學(xué)法點撥:①當(dāng)直接引語中的謂語動詞為過去式時，如果與一個具體的表示過去時間的狀語連用，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。Myfathersaidtome,“Ireadthebookin1986.”fMyfathersaidtoldmethathereadthebookin1986.②當(dāng)直接引語表達的是客觀真理時，變?yōu)殚g接引語時，時態(tài)不變。Thegeographyteachersaidtous,“Theearthtravelsaroundthesun”.fThegeographyteachertoldusthattheearthtravelsaroundthesun.(3)句型的變化必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.①直接引語若是陳述句，變?yōu)殚g接引語時用that引導(dǎo),that可以省略.Theysaid,“Wewillgotothesupermarketbybus.”fTheysaidthattheywouldgotothesupermarketbybus.②直接引語若是一般疑問句、選擇疑問句或反意疑問句時，間接引語改為用if/whether(M否)引導(dǎo)的賓語從句.(陳述語序)Hesaid,“Canyoucomethisafternoon,John?”fHeaskedwhetherJohncouldcomethatafternoon.“Youhavealreadygotwell,haven'tyou?”sheasked.fSheaskedmewhetherIhadalreadygotwell(ornot).Heaskedme,“DoyoustudyEnglishorFrench?”fHeaskedmewhetherIstudiedEnglishorFrench.③直接引語若是特殊疑問句，間接引語變?yōu)橛蓋ho,what,when,where等疑問詞引導(dǎo)的賓語從句。(陳述語序)Mybrotheraskedme,“Howdoyoulikethebook?”fMybrotheraskedmehowIlikedthebook.④如果直接引語是祈使句，要借肋于tell/ask/ordersb(not)todosth結(jié)構(gòu)。Theteachersaidtous,“Listentomecarefully.”fTheteacheraskedustolistentoher/himcarefully.學(xué)法點撥：①間接引語中引述動詞不能用say。②如果祈使句是否定形式，則不定式前加上否定詞not。祈使句中的please在間接引語中必須省略。(4)代詞、時間、地點狀語的變化直接引語變?yōu)殚g接引語時指示代詞、地點狀語、時間狀語和某些具有方向性的動詞應(yīng)做相應(yīng)的改變，列表如下：直接引語間接引語nowthenagobeforetodaythatdaytonightthatnightthismorning/week,etcthatmorning/week,etc.yesterdaythedaybeforeyesterdaymorningthemorningbeforelastweektheweekbefore必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature. 2threedaysagothreedaysbeforetomorrowthenext(following)daynextweekThenext(following)week.heretherethisthatthesethosecomegobringtakeShesaidtome,“Iliveherefiveyearsago.”fShetoldmeshelivedtherefiveyearsbefore.“Iwilldoittoday,“hesaid.fHesaidhewoulddoitthatday.“Ididityesterday,“hesaidfHesaidhediditthedaybefore.Hesaidtome,“Iwillseehernextweek.”fHetoldmehewouldseeherthenextweek.(1)Theteachersaid："Don'tbelate,Mary.”Theteachertold.A.MarynottobelateB.MarytobenotlateC.MaryarenotlateD.nottobelate(2)Heaskedher,“Whereareyougoing?”Heaskedher.A.wheresheweregoingB.whereshewasgoingtoC.whereshewasgoingD.wheresheisgoing(3)Theladysaid,“Ishallgothereontime.”Theladysaidthat.A.shewouldcomethereontimeB.shewouldcomehereontimeC.shewouldgotthereontimeD.hewouldgotthereontime(4)Hesaidtome,“Iwrotetomyfatheryesterday.”Hetoldmehehadwrittentohisfather.A.theyesterdayB.beforetodayC.thedaybeforeD.thenextday(5)Theteacherasked,“Areyouwaitingforthebus?”必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.Theteacheraskedforthebus.A.ifIwaswaitingB.wasIwaitingC.youarewaitingD.Iwaswaiting(6)Theprofessorsaidthatlightfasterthansound.A.travelsB.traveled C.travelD.travelled(7)Mymotheraskedmetoshowmyhomeworktoher.Mymothersaidtome,“Showhomework.”A.hermyB.meyourC.heryourD.mehis(8)Heaskedmefinishedmywork.A.whetherdidIB.ifIdidC.whetherhadID.IfIhad(9)MrSmithtoldhisstudentsthatDecember25ChristmasDay.A.isB.wasC.hasbeenD.willbe(10)Heaskedforthecomputer.A.didIpayhowmuchB.IpaidhowmuchC.howmuchdidIpayD.howmuchIpaid(11)Hesaidthathehadvisitedthepark.A.lastweekB.aweekagoC.twoweeksbeforeD.beforetwoweeks(1)A (2)C (3)B (4)C (5)A(6)A (7)B(8)D (9)A(10)D(11)C.時態(tài)練習(xí)★某些固定句式中的動詞時態(tài)是固定的、約定俗成的。①Itisthefirst/secondtime+that從句。that從句一般用現(xiàn)在完成時，如果把前面的is改為was，則that從句用過去完成時。ItisthefirsttimethatIhavecomehere.Itwasthethirdtime(that)hehadmadethesamemistakes.②在Hardlyhad???done???when…和Nosoonerhad???done???than…句型中，when和than從句中用一般過去時，表示“剛剛……就……”Hardly(Nosooner)hadIgothomewhen(than)therainpoureddown.③It+be+一段時間+before從句這個句式分兩種情況：如果主句用將來時，則從句用一般現(xiàn)在時表將來，表示“要過多久才……”如果主句用過去時，從句也用過去時，意為“過了多久才……”Itwontbelongbeforehesucceed也不久就會成功的。Itwastenyearsbeforetheymetagain.十年后他們又見面了?！铩癵et+過去分詞”可以表示被動。Shegotmarriedlastweek.她上周結(jié)婚了。Thepatientgottreatedonceaweek.那位病人一天進行一次治療。(1)Althoughviolentcrimehasgonedownalot,mostofthefallbyadropindomesticviolence.必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.A.hasbeencauseB.hadbeencausedC.willbecausedD.willhavebeencaused(2)—Wereyoulateforthefilm?—Verylate.Halfofit bythetimewethecinema.A.wasshown;reachedB.hadbeenshown;reachedC.wasshown;hadreachedD.hadbeenshown;hadreached(3)—GeorgeandLucygotmarriedlastweek.Didyougototheirwedding?—No,I.Didtheyhaveabigwedding?A.werenotinvitedB.havenotbeeninvitedC.hadn'tbeeninvitedD.didn'tinvite(4)Thehotelwasn'tparticularlygood,butIinmanyworsehotels.A.wasstayingB.stayedC.wouldstay D.hadstayed(5)Thehotelisn'tparticularlygood,butIinmanyworsehotels.A.stayB.havestayedC.wasstayingD.hadstayed(6)Thenewsuspensionbridgebytheendoflastmonth.A.havebeendesignedB.hadbeendesignedC.hasdesignedD.haddesigned(7)JohnandIfriendsforeightyears.WefirstgottoknoweachotherataChristmasparty.Butweeachotheracoupleoftimesbeforethat.A.hadbeen;haveseenB.havebeen;haveseenC.hadbeen;hadseenD.havebeen;hadseen(8)—Whathappenedtothepricelessworksofart?—： .A.TheyweredestroyedintheearthquakeB.TheearthquakewasdestroyingthemC.TheydestroyedintheearthquakeD.Theearthquakedestroyedthem(9)Ican'tbelievethatyougotfinedforspeeding.Iofyouasacarefuldriver.A.thinkB.amthinkingC.thoughtD.havethought(10)—I'llcallonyouat10:00tomorrowmorning.一Sorry,ItheflighttoShanghaithen.A.haveenjoyedB.willbeenjoyingC.amenjoyingD.amtoenjoy(11)—Rememberthefirsttimewemet?—Sure.Youinthesupermarket.A.hadshoppedB.haveshoppedC.wereshoppingD.shopped(12)一Anna,whereyouwithsomanythingsinyourhands?—Tomyoffice.Ithasbeenmovedtothethirdfloor.A.are;headingB.will;headC.have;headedD.do;head(13)—WhatdoyouthinkoftheEiffelTower?—Splendid.WhenIwasinFrance,Iit.A.havevisitedB.hadvisitedC.couldvisitD.visited(14)InJapan,allstudentshowtoprepareforandreacttoadisastersinceayoungage.A.weretaughtB.taughtC.havetaughtD.havebeentaught(15)—Severalhotelsinthisareaareclosingdown.必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.—That'sbecausetourismitselfsincelastyear.A.isdecliningB.declined(decline[di'klain]下降) C.haddeclinedD.hasbeendeclining(16)ThemostdeliciouscakeintheworldbyMom.Pleasewaitanhourtoenjoyit.A.makesB.ismadeC.isgoingtomake D.isbeingmade(17)MrGreen,Jennyhascometoseeyou.Sheforyouinyourofficenow.A.willwaitB.waitsC.iswaitingD.haswaited(18)DarkcloudsweregatheringintheskiesoverEurope.Warwassoon(break)out.(19)一Oh,no!We'retoolate.Thetrain(leave)一That'sOK.We'llcatchthenexttraintoLondon.(20)Customersareaskedtomakesurethatthey(give)therightchangebeforeleavingtheshop.(1)A盡管暴力犯罪下降了很多，但是這主要是因為家庭暴力的減少。暴力犯罪的下降主要是因為家庭暴力的影響，即強調(diào)對現(xiàn)在的影響，并沒有表示“在過去某一時間之前就已經(jīng)完成的動作”之意。(2)B (3)C(4)D這家旅館并不是特別好，但是我住過許多更差的旅館。(5)B本句的前半句敘述的是現(xiàn)在的事實，后半句表示的是“到目前為止我曾住過很多更差的旅館。(6)B (7)D(9)A我難以相信你會因為超速行駛罰款。我本以為你是一個謹(jǐn)慎的司機。由語義可知，“認為”這一動作發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。thought表示“本以為"(10)B(11)C(12)A(13)D當(dāng)我在法國的時候，我去參觀了。可知參觀是發(fā)生在過去的事情，故用一般過去時。(14)D(15)D(16)D(17)C(18)tobreak(19)haveleft(20)havebeengiven.從句練習(xí)(1)Isthisthereasonsheexplainedinthereportforhersuccessinthejob?A.whatB.thatC.howD.why(2)isoftenthecasewithelderpeople,mygrandmatalkedaboutmynewhairstyleforatleast50minutesnonstop.A.ThatB.WhichC.AsD.It(3)MrZhangissuchaconsiderate[kgn'sidorot]體貼的personallhiscolleagues[?knli:g]同事liketoworkwith.A.thatB.so C.which D.as(4)Lightningaflashoflightoccursduringathunderstorm.A.was;whichB.is;what C.is;whichD.was;what(5)Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.what(6)Chan'srestaurantonBakerStreet,usedtobepoorlyrun,isnowasuccessfulbusiness.必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.A.that B.which C.whoD.where(7)Irefusetoaccepttheblame[bleim]責(zé)備forsomethingwassomeoneelse'sfault.A.who B.that C.as D.what(8)Thereasonhegivesfornotcomingisthathismotherwon'tlethim.A.forwhichB.whyC.whichD.because(9)—WhatmakesyouthinkBettyisnotlikelytosucceed?—： .A.SheistoolazyB.BecausesheistooweakC.AssheisnotexpertenoughD.Herlackofexperience(10)ThereasonIdidn'tgotoschoolthatdaywasill.A.duetoB.thatIfellC.becauseoffallingD.becauseIfell(11)I'vebecomegoodfriendswithseveralofthestudentsinmyschoolImetintheEnglishspeechcontestlastyear.A.whoB.whereC.whenD.which(12)By16:30,—wasalmostclosingtime,nearlyallthepaintingshadbeensold.A.whichB.whenC.whatD.that(13)Ifyoucomeacrossawordmeaningyouhaveforgotten,pleaselookitupinthedictionary.A.inwhichB.whichC.whoseD.that(14)Whenpeopletalkaboutthefamousscenic[?si:nik]風(fēng)景優(yōu)美的spotinAnhui,thefirstcomesintomindistheYellowMountain.A.whichB.thatC.oneD.place(1)B(2)C正如老人們常常會有的情況一樣，我奶奶對我的新發(fā)型不停地說了至少50分鐘。(3)D⑷C閃電就是在雷雨中出現(xiàn)的一束光。(5)B(6)B(7)B(8)C(9)D(10)B(11)A(12)A到下午四點半，差不多營業(yè)時間結(jié)束的時候，幾乎所有的畫都已經(jīng)賣光了。(13)C(14)B.多個形容詞作定語時的排列順序如果兩個或兩個以上的形容詞修飾一個名詞，與被修飾的名詞較密切的形容詞靠近名詞；如果幾個形容詞的密切程度是差不多，則音節(jié)多的形容詞在前，音節(jié)少的在后，如： awonderfulsmallgift.口訣：限定描繪大長高，形狀年齡和新老；顏色國籍跟材料，作用類別往后靠；其中，''限定詞〃包括：冠詞、物主代詞、指示代詞、或數(shù)詞。''描繪〃性形容詞如：beautiful、bad、cold、great等。、'大長高〃表示大小、長短、高低等一些詞。表示、'形狀〃的詞如：roundsquareskwe(r)(正方形的)等。、“國籍'的一個國家或地區(qū)的詞。、'材料〃的詞如：wooden,必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.woolen,stone,silk等。''作用類別”的詞如：medicalcollege,writingdesk,policecar等。mybeautifulsmallbrownleatherbag.我漂亮的棕色小皮包thoselargeroundblackwoodentables那些大的黑色木圓桌。(1)Hesentmeabag.A.blacksmallFrenchleatherB.smallblackFrenchleatherC.FrenchleatherblacksmallD.smallblackleatherFrench(2)It'saclock,madeofbrass[bra:s]黃銅anddatingfromthenineteenthcentury.A.charmingFrenchsmallB.FrenchsmallcharmingC.smallFrenchcharmingD.charmingsmallFrench(3)Myunclegavemeabag,inwhichtherewasanicemobilephoneasapresent.A.redprettypaperB.prettyredpaperC.paperprettyredD.prettypaperred(4)Thehousesmellsasifithasn'tbeenlivedinforyears.A.littlewhitewoodenB.littlewoodenwhiteC.whitewoodenlittleD.woodenwhitelittle(5)Billywasveryhappytobetheownera(n)car.A.redexpensiveJapanesesportsB.expensiveredJapanesesportsC.JapaneseexpensiveredsportsD.expensiveredsportsJapanese(6)一DoyouliketheChinesefoodservedinAmericanrestaurants?一It,snotbadbutIprefer.A.ChinesefoodrealB.ChineserealfoodC.foodChineserealD.realChinesefood.(1)B(2)D這是一個迷人的法國小時鐘，由黃銅做成，可以追溯到十九世紀(jì)。(3)B(4)A(5)B(6)D.warnv提醒；警告搭配：warnsb+that從句提醒某人 warnsbofsth提醒某人某事warnsbnottodosth提醒某人不要做某事warnsbagainstdoingsth提醒某人不要做某事Hewarnedusthattheroadswereicy.Iwarnedhimofthedanger.我提醒他有危險。Theywerewarnedoftheapproachoftheenemy.有人告訴他們，敵人來了。Theywerewarnednottoclimbthemountaininsuchbadweather.Hewarnedusagainstpickpockets.他提醒我們要小心扒手。Thedoctorwarnedthepatientagainstsmoking.醫(yī)生告誡病人不要吸煙。(1)MyfatherwarnedmegoingtotheWestCoastbecauseitwascrowdedwithtourists.A.byB.onC.forD.against(2)Theroadwasclosedtotrafficaftertheaccident,andthepolicewerewarningeveryone.必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.A.awayB.againstC.ofD.off(3)MrsSmithwarnedherdaughterafterdrinking.A.nevertodriveB.toneverdriveC.neverdrivingD.neverdrive(4)Hadweknownaboutitearlier,wecouldhavewarnedpeoplethedanger.(5)Thoughnottotouchtheexhibits,sometouristsstilltouchedthemwiththeirhands.(6)ofdangerinthestreetatnightbypolice,youngwomeninIndianowadayshavetogohomewithafriendorafamilymemberfollowingthem.(7)Facedwiththepolicesquestion,herefusedtoanswer,becausehenottoansweranyquestionbyhismanager.(1)D(2)Dwarnsboff告誡某人不要靠近(3)A(4)of(5)warned(6)Havingbeenwarned(7)hadbeenwarned.possibilityn[C,U](1)[U]常加“the”，作為抽象名詞表示“可能性”Thepossibilityofbreakingtheworldrecordneveroccurredtohim.他從來沒想到有可能打破世界記錄.Isthereanypossibilitythatwe'llseeyouthisweekend?我們本周末能見到你嗎？(2)[C]常用復(fù)數(shù)possibilities，表示“可能的事”Changingjobsisonepossibility.換換工作是有可能的事.Shepreparedforallpossibilitiesbytakingasunhat,araincoatandaw0011y[?wWi]羊毛的scarf.她帶了太陽帽、雨衣和毛圍巾，一切有備無患.[單詞積累]possibleadj可能的impossibleadj不可能的impossibility[im,pos'bilti]n不可能(性)Thereisapossibilitythat...有可能(that引導(dǎo)的是同位語從句，下同)Thereisnopossibilitythat..不可能Thereismuchpossibilitythat...很可能Thereislittlepossibilitythat…不大可能Itispossibleforsbtodosththepossibilityof(sb’s)doingsth(1)—Isthereanypossibilityyoucouldpickmeupattheairport?—Noproblem.A.whenB.thatC.whetherD.what(2)IsanypossibilityDavidcanwinthefirstprizeinthematch?A.it;whetherB.it;thatC.there;whetherD.there;that(3)Wereconsidering.A.ifitispossibletodothejobourselves.B.thepossibilitydoingthejobourselves必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.C.thepossibilitytodothejobourselvesD.possiblytodothejobourselves.(4)Itisforhertofinishthatmathsprobleminsuchashorttime,becausesheissoclever.A.probableB.impossibleC.likelyD.possible(5)Shepreparedforall(possible)bytakingasunhat,araincoatandascarf.(6)Raymondsparentswantedhimtohavethebest(possibility)education.(7)Howdifficultandchallengingthetaskmaybe,wemustfinishitontime,becausethereisapossibilityourworkwillgodowninhistory.(1)B (2)D(3)A(4)D(5)possibilities(6)possible(7)that無論這個任務(wù)多么困難和富于挑戰(zhàn)性，我們必須要按時完成，因為有可能我們的工作將被載入史冊。.floodv&n(1)v淹沒Theriverburstitsbanksandfloodedthevalley.河水沖破堤岸，淹沒了山谷。(2)v大量涌入Telephonecallscamefloodinginfromalloverthecountry全國各地的電話像潮水般打來。(3)v使大受感動；充滿Memoriesofherchildhoodcamefloodingback.她童年的往事涌上心頭。(4)n洪水Theriverisinfloodagain.河水又泛濫了。OnJuly21,2012,theCityofBeijingwasstruckbyaterriblerainstorm.Theraincausedthestreetstoandthetransportsystemalmostcametoastop.A.breakB.floodC.sinkD.crashBflood(被)淹沒；2012年7月21日北京市遭遇了特大暴雨。降雨量導(dǎo)致道路被淹，交通幾近癱瘓。.set構(gòu)成的短語setoff①出發(fā);動身(去某地)。例如：LittleTomandhisfathersetoffforAmericalastweek,andarrivedtherethismorning.小湯姆和他的爸爸上周動身去美國，并于今天上午到達那里。②使爆炸Themansetthebombbomoffinaditch[ditJ].那人把炸彈放在溝里引爆了。③引起，使(某人)開始(做某事)Don'tsethimofftalkingpolitics'polstiks，orhewillgoonallevening.setout出發(fā)，動身(去某地)；開始，著手(做某事)；陳述①出發(fā)，動身(去某地)，意思等于setoffforaplace.例如：TheChineseteamheldameetingforawholedaybeforesettingoutforBarcelonaforthe必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature. 10OlympicGames.中國隊在去巴塞羅那參加奧運會之前開了一整天的會。②開始，著手（做某事）setouttodosthThemomentIgothome，Isetouttodomyhomework.我一到家就開始做家庭作業(yè)。setaboutdoingsth著手（做某事），意義與setouttodosth相同。例如：Thateveninghesetaboutwritingareportonpollution.那天晚上，他著手寫一篇關(guān)于污染的報告。setup建立，創(chuàng)立。例如：IntheSouthernStatestheslaveownerswantedtosetupacountryoftheirown,wheretheycouldfreelykeepblackpeopleasslaves.在南方各州，奴隸主們企圖建立一個他們自己的國家，在那里他們可以隨心所欲地把黑人當(dāng)作奴隸。setdown①寫下，記下，意義與writedown相同。Youhadbettersetdownyourideabeforeyouforgetit.你最好把你的意見寫下來，以免忘記②放下。例如：Hesetdownhisload[lwd]負擔(dān)，擔(dān)子andhadabreak.他放下?lián)有艘粫?。setanexample樹立榜樣。例如：Hehassetusagoodexample.他為我們樹立了一個好榜樣。setsbfree釋放，放走;給……以自由Theysettheprisonersfreeatlast.他們最終釋放了那些罪犯。setaside留出（時間、金錢等）；把……置于一旁Thebusyexecutive[ig'zekjtiv]setaweekendasideforasmalltripwithhisfamily.這位繁忙的官員騰出一個周末和家人一起作了一次短途旅行。setback推遲；延緩；阻礙；撥回Theprojectissetbacksixweeksbybadweather.因惡劣的天氣該項目推遲了六周。besetin以……為背景setfireto^=setsthonfir放火燒…，使……著火。Themanwhosetfiretothesupermarkethasbeencaught.那個放火燒超市的人已經(jīng)被抓住了[鏈接]:catchafire著火（表示動作） beonfire著火（表示狀態(tài)）makeafire生火 playwithfire玩火；做危險的事（1）用set短語填空Ishallsetmywatchbyfiveminutes.Wesetreadingthetextaloudimmediatelythebellrang.11必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.11Wesetatdaybreak［位由優(yōu)阻黎明yesterdayandwe'vebeentravellingeversincethen.Isettoadvisehimnottodrink.Whatwerethereasonshesetinhisreport?Thepresidentsetaspecialgroupofsoldierstoguardhim.Theunpopularlawsetaseriesofprotests(protest,prsutest).(抗議)(2)Wetopaintthewholehousebutfinishedonlythefrontpartthatday.A.setaboutB.setupC.setoutD.setdown(3)It'stenyearssincethescientistonhislife'sworkofdiscoveringthevaluablechemical［?kemikl］化學(xué)的，化學(xué)制品，化學(xué)藥品.A.madeforB.setoutC.tookoffD.turnedup(4)Thebombcouldbebytheslightesttouch.A.setoffB.setoutC.beganD.setforth(5)ForalltheseyearsIhavebeenworkingforothers.I,mhopingI'llmyownbusinesssomeday.A.turnupB.fixupC.setupD.makeup(6)Thestudentdoingherhomeworkstraightafterdinner.A.setoutB.setupC.beganD.setdown(7)Youhavetosetthiscat.A.tofreeB.freeC.freelyD.freedom(8)TheChinesefilm,(besetin)theTangDynasty,iswellreviewedbymanyforeignviewers.(9)一Thebuildingwasfirefortwohourslastnight.—Someonemusthavesetfireit.A.to;withB.to;onC.with;toD.on;to(10)Youhadbettersometimeeverydayforsportssothatyoucankeepyourselfenergetic.A.setasideB.takeupC.putawayD.giveout(11)EinsteinlikedBose'spapersomuchthathehisownworkandtranslateditintoGerman.A.gaveoffB.turneddownC.tookoverD.setaside(12)—Whywasthesecretmeetingheld?—Tosetthecastlefire.(13)Inthecountryside,woodcan(被用來生火).(14)Calmlyanddeliberately,shepouredpetroloverhercarandsetit.(15)Thefirewasfinallyputoutafterthebuildinghadfortwohours.(1)(back,about,off/out,out,out,up,off)⑵C (3)B這位科學(xué)家開始從事發(fā)現(xiàn)有價值化學(xué)物的工作已經(jīng)有十年了。(4)A炸彈只需輕輕一碰即可引爆。(5)C這么多年來，我一直在為12必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.12別工作，我一直希望有一天會成立自己的公司。(6)C(7)B(8)setin(9)D (10)A(11)DEinstein如此喜歡Bose的論文，以至于他把自己的工作放到一邊，先把Bose的論文翻譯成了德文。(12)on(13)beusedtomakeafire(14)onfire她鎮(zhèn)靜、沉著地將汽油潑在她的車上，放火燒了它。 (15)beenonfire.managev設(shè)法做成(某事)；管理搭配：managetodosth設(shè)法做成某事(相當(dāng)于succeedindoing，而trytodo表示''試圖去做，努力做某事〃，但實際上還并未做到或并未做成功。)Imanagedtogoupthestairs.我設(shè)法上了樓。Canyoumanagechildrenwell?你能管好孩子嗎？學(xué)法點撥：①英語中有很多詞都是強調(diào)結(jié)果的，如果做不到或不成功就不能使用，manage就是其中一個。此外還有：escape(逃脫)與flee(逃跑)；persuade(說服)與advise(勸說);save(救成)rescue與(營救)；see(看到)與look(看)beableto(強調(diào)做到)與can(只強調(diào)可能性)；shoot(射中)與shoot分上(向射擊)；hear(聽見)與listen(聽)等。Luckily,hewasabletoescapefromthebigfireintheend幸運的是，他終于從大火中逃了出來。②manage還有一種用法：就是用于表示“成功應(yīng)付難題，(在困境中)得以對付過去”時,可以與介詞without連用，該用法與go(+without)的用法類似。Howdoyoumanagewithoutawashingmachine?沒有洗衣機你怎么對付？Itispossibletogowithoutfoodforafewdays.幾天不吃東西是可以的。(1)Yourhouseisalwayssoneat-howdoyouitwiththreechildren?A.manageB.serveC.adaptD.construct(2)Whenwefinallytogethomeafterthetiringjourney,wecouldhardlymoveastepfurther.A.triedB.succeededC.completedD.managed(3)Thoughwelefthomeverylate,wethelastbus.A.managedtocatchB.managedtocatchingC.triedtocatchD.triedcatching(4)Heneverstudiedanything.Iwonderhowhetheexam.Whichofthefollowingisnotright?A.triedtopassB.managedtopassC.succeededinpassingD.wasabletopass(5)—Whyareyoureyessored?Youcan't(sleep)welllastnight.—Yeah,Istayeduplatewritingareport.(6)Theyfailedtofinishtheprojectbeforethedeadline.Iregretted(不能)help.(1)A你的房子總是這么整潔一你是如何帶著三個孩子做到這一點的？manage設(shè)法做到(2)D(3)A盡管我們離開家非常晚，但我們還是設(shè)法趕上了末班車。(4)A(5)haveslept(6)beingunableto他們沒能在截止日期之前完成這個項目，我后悔沒能幫助他們。13必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.13.hopefullyadv有希望地Hopefully,we'llhavefinishedtheprojectbytheendofthismonth.我們有望于本月底完成這項工程。單詞積累：hopev&n希望；期望 hopelessadj無望的hopelessnessn絕望 hopefuladj有希望地；有前途的It'shopelesstryingtoconvinceher.想說服她簡直是徒勞。(1),somedaytheywillbeabletosolvetheproblem.A.HopefulB.hopelessC.HopelesslyD.Hopefully(2)Thecommitteeisdiscussingtheproblemrightnow.Itwillhavebeensolvedbytheendofnextweek.A.eagerlyB.hopefullyC.immediatelyD.gradually(3),Imanagedtogetthroughthegameandthepainwasworthitintheend.A.Hopefully B.Normally C.Thankfully D.Conveniently(4)Therewasabigfireonthebuildinglastnight.,allthepeoplewereabletoescape.A.Unluckily B.FortunatelyC.TobesureD.Aboveall(1)D有希望地(2)B (3)C令人欣慰的是(4)B.activeadj(1)活躍的，活潑的，反義詞inactive[in$ktiv]Heisanactivememberoftheschool'sstampclub.他是學(xué)校集郵俱樂部一名活躍的成員。(2)積極的，主動的，反義詞passive[?p出siv]搭配：takeanactivepartin積極參與beactivein(doing)sth在……方面積極Shetakesanactivepartinschoolactivities.(1)Thoughheislongpastretirementageheisstillinhispost.A.activeB.aliveC.awakeD.aware(2)Youmustbeanoptimist廣Dptimist]樂觀主義者,a(n)personwhoenjoyslife.A.effectiveB.easy C.convenientD.active(3)WewenttoCanadatotravelandmycousinasourguide.A.playedB.showed C.actedD.performed(4)Whileapersonisasleep,apartofhisbrainisstill.A.activeB.aliveC.awakeD.aware(5)Asayoungman,youshouldallkindsofsports.A.activeinB.takeanactivepartinC.activelyD.beactive(1)A盡管早已過了退休年齡，他仍然活躍在自己的工作崗位上。(2)D你一定是一個樂觀主14必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.

14義者，一個積極的、享受生活的人。(3)C我們?nèi)ゼ幽么舐眯?，我表弟充?dāng)我們的導(dǎo)游。actas擔(dān)當(dāng)。(4)A (5)B.辨析：inall,afterall,notatall,aboveall與firstofallinall總共；總計afterall畢竟，別忘了atall根本(否定句中)；到底，真的，竟然(肯定句和疑問句中)aboveall最重要的是，首先Youshouldnthavescoldedthebatall.Heisachildafterall.Aboveall,hemadeonlytwomistakesinall.你根本不該責(zé)備那個男孩，他畢竟還是個孩子。最重要的是，他總共才出了兩處錯。firstofall首先(強調(diào)次序)Firstofall,Iwouldliketointroducemyself.首先，我想自我介紹一下。(1)—DoyoumindifIrecordyourlecture?— .Goahead.A.NevermindB.NowayC.NotatallD.No.You'dbetternot(2)Tobegreat,youmustbesmart,confident,and,,honest.A.thereforeB.aboveallC.howeverD.afterall(3)Iwouldliketobuyahouse—fortable.and inaquietplace.A.firstofallB.afterallC.aboveallD.inall(4)Iknowhehasn'tfinishedhishomework,buthehasdonehisbest.A.atallB.inallC.afterallD.aboveall(5)選詞填空：inall/afterall/aboveall/firstofall/atalla)Hehasn'tfinishedthework,buthehastriedhisbest.b),weshouldstudyhard.c)Therewasnothingtoworryabout.d)Helovesmusic,,classicalmusic.e)Hespentverylittletimeatschool,perhapsnotmorethanayear.(1) (2)B要想偉大，你必須聰明、自信，最重要的是誠實。(3)C(4)C(5)a)afterallb)firstofallc)atalld)abovealle)inall29.loseone’slife意為“失去生命”，其中l(wèi)ife為可數(shù)名詞，復(fù)數(shù)形式為lives。Doyoustillrememberthosewholosttheirlivesforthecountry?loseone’ssight失明loseone’ssight失明losesightof看不見loseheart灰心，泄氣loseone,sjob失業(yè)loseone’sway迷路loseface丟臉；出丑loseone,sbreath氣喘吁吁，上氣不接下氣loseone'sbalance失去平衡15必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.15loseone’sconfidence失去信心losecourage喪失勇氣losetouch失去聯(lián)系 loseone’sheartto愛上，鐘情于loseweight減肥 loseone,stemper發(fā)脾氣.continuev(1)vt繼續(xù)Howcanyoucontinueworking/toworkwithallthatnoisegoingon?(2)vi連續(xù)Wetweathermaycontinueforafewmoredays.多雨的天氣可能還要維持好幾天。誤區(qū)警示：continue既可接動詞不定式，也可以接動名詞作賓語，意義相同；還可與with短語搭配。單詞積累：continuous[kn'tinjus]adj連續(xù)的continual[kn'tinjul]adj持續(xù)的；頻繁的Acontinuousbeachisexposedtothebeatingofcontinualwaves.連綿不斷的海灘受到海浪的陣陣沖擊。學(xué)法點撥：continuous用來形容連續(xù)沒有間斷的事物或事件，而continual用來形容在一段時間內(nèi)多次重復(fù)的單調(diào)的動作。(1)Thegoodnewsisincomeisrisingfastandpeople'slivingstandardscontinue.A.which;toimproveB.what;improveC.that;improvingD.why;improved(2)Iamtiredmyworknowbutverypleased,andIwillcontinueit.A.of;ofB.from;withC.with;forD.at;to(1)C(2)Bbetiredfrom/wiffi 而疲勞.destroy/ruin/damage(1)damage指部分損壞、損害、破壞或指使用價值有所降低?？梢杂米鲃釉~，也可以用作名詞，用做名詞時常與tosth連用。do/causedamageto?■■對……造成損害Thestormdamagedseveralhousesinthevillage.暴風(fēng)雨損壞了這個村子的幾間房子。Thecarwasonlyslightlydamagedintheaccident.這輛車在事故中只受到輕微的損壞。Theaccidentdidalotofdamagetohiscar.Thestormcausedgreatdamage/didalotofdamage.暴風(fēng)雨造成了巨大的/許多損失。誤區(qū)警示：表示“損害賠償金”時必須用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Thecourtawarded(award['w。：d]判給him$15,000indamages.法院判給他15000美元的損害賠償金。(2)destroy只能用做動詞，指徹底破壞，以致不可能修復(fù)，常作“破壞，毀滅”講，也可指“希望、計劃”的破滅。destructionn破壞16必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.16Theearthquakedestroyedalmosttheentirecity.那次地震幾乎毀滅了整個城市。Theforestwasdestroyedbyfire.森林被火燒毀了。Allhishopesweredestroyed.他的全部希望破滅了。Thatwilldestroythereputation[repju'teijn]ofourproducts.那要毀了我們產(chǎn)品的聲譽。(3)ruin['ru:n]既可作名詞也可作動詞。用做動詞時，作''使毀滅，使崩潰，弄糟〃講；常指由于戰(zhàn)爭、自然因素或人為因素等使某物受到腐蝕或使其失去了原有的特性和功能。表示抽象意義時多指毀滅美好的東西(如健康，前途)，用做名詞時，表示、'遺跡，廢墟”多用復(fù)數(shù)形式。Wesawtheruinsofthechurch.我們看見了這座教堂的廢墟。Heknockedoverabottleofinkandruinedthetablecloth他打翻了一瓶墨水，把桌布弄糟了。Thefloodsruinedmanypreciouspaintings這次水災(zāi)毀壞了很多珍貴的畫。(這里指把畫泡得模糊不清，而不是弄碎了。)Thefireruinedthecastle.那場大火使城堡夷為廢墟。You'llruinyourhealthifyougoonlikethis.這樣下去你會毀了你的身體的。Youwillruinyourchanceofthejobifyouwearthatshirttotheinterview!Bobwasbadlyinjuredinacaraccident,whichruinedhislifeasanathlete.(1)Itrainedfortwoweeks,completelyourholiday.A.ruinedB.toruinC.ruiningD.ruins(2)Abombdestroyedtwobuildingsandseveralothers.A.damagedB.harmedC.hurtD.injured(3)Allhishopeswere.A.damagedB.ruinedC.spoiledD.destroyed(4)Theearthquakethepowerstationandthedamseriously,soafewpowerstationwillhavetobebuilt.A.damaged;damagedB.destroyed;destroyedC.damaged;destroyedD.destroyed;damaged(5)Beforetheyfledthecountry,theenemyattemptedto(destroy,damage)allthefactories.(6)Althoughthatbigearthquakedidgreattothiscity,itwassoonrebuiltfromthe.A.damage;ruinB.damages;ruinC.damage;ruinsD.damages;ruins(7)Johnhadtohavehiscarrepairedinagaragebecauseitseriously.A.damagedB.wasbeingdamagedC.haddamagedD.hadbeendamaged(8)“Ifyougoonstealing,youwillyourbrightfuture,youngman!”saidthejudge.A.destroyB.damageC.ruinD.break(9)Aftertheearthquake,wecanseetheofthebuildings.A.ruinB.ruinsC.damageD.destroy17必修3Module3TheViolenceofNature.17(10)Theaccidentcausedsometomycar,butit'snothingserious.A.harmB.injuryC.ruinD.damage(11)Thecamerawasbyhisson.A.hurtB.damagedC.woundD.destroyed(12)Igotcaughtintherainandmysuit.A.hasruinedB.hadruinedC.hasbeenruinedD.hadbeenruined(13)Thebuildinghasbeeninruinsincethatbigfire.(改錯)Afterthecollision[ko'lisn]碰撞，沖擊,heexaminedtheconsiderable([kgn'sid