英語時(shí)文閱讀3篇

專攻解題方法與技巧時(shí)文閱讀3篇時(shí)文閱讀：100節(jié)車廂！世界最長(zhǎng)客運(yùn)列車誕生據(jù)報(bào)道，瑞士雷蒂亞鐵路公司近日開發(fā)出了一列由100節(jié)車廂組成、長(zhǎng)約兩千米的超長(zhǎng)火車。經(jīng)吉尼斯世界紀(jì)錄認(rèn)證，這是全球最長(zhǎng)的窄軌客運(yùn)列車。這列火車于10月29日從海拔1749米的普雷達(dá)出發(fā)，穿越瑞士境內(nèi)最著名的朗德瓦薩高架橋后，一路開到貝爾金，完成了其首次的正式旅程。長(zhǎng)長(zhǎng)的紅色列車行駛在位于瑞士阿爾卑斯山區(qū)的雷蒂亞鐵路網(wǎng)上，與沿途風(fēng)景相得益彰，吸引了不少火車迷和觀光客乘車體驗(yàn)。閱讀短文并回答問題HighintheSwissAlps,StMoritzmadeitsnameasaplaceforpushingtheboundariesofwintersports.Recently,theregioncontinueditslongtraditionofexpandingthelimitsofwhatispossiblewithaworldrecordattempt—notonsnoworice,butonrails.Tomarkthe175thanniversaryofSwitzerland’sfirstrailway,arailwaycompanycreatedtheworld’slongestpassengertrain—100cars,2,990tonnesandalmosttwokilometerslong.Formedof25newelectrictrains,therecord-breaking1,906-metertraintookalmostanhourtocoveraround25kilometersovertheimpressiveUNESCOWorldHeritageAlbulaLine,whichisfamousforitsendlessswoopingcurvesandsteepinclines（斜坡）.Themountainrailwaysareregardedasgreatfeatsofengineering.The62-kilometerlinebetweenThusisandStMoritz,aworld-renownedmasterpieceofcivilengineering,tookjustfiveyearstobuilddespiterequiring55bridgesand39tunnels.UnlikemostSwissandEuropeanrailways,whichusethestandardgauge（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)軌距）betweentherailsof1.435meters,therails,knownasRhaetischeBahnrails,arejustonemeterapart.“Inordertocompletethetrain’sjourneysuccessfully,everythinghastobeperfect.Weneedtobe100%synchronized（同步的）,everysecond.Everyonehastokeeptheirspeedandothersystemsundercontrolatalltimes,”leaddriverAndreasKramersaid.“WeneedtoknowtheAlbulaLineverywell,everychangeofgradient,andeveryincline.”ThemountainousSwisslandscapehasencouragedcreativetransportationsolutionsforgenerations,resultinginoneofthemosttrain-reliantnationsintheworld.Onaverage,Swisscitizenstravelabout2,450kilometersbytrainannually—anestimatedquarteroftheirtotaltransportationsystem.In2021,SwissFederalRailwaysoperated11,260trainscarrying880,000passengersand185,000tonnesofgoodsperdayona3,265kilometer-longnetworkwith804stations.Therefore,thesuccessfulrecordattemptwillbegreatforthelocalareaandforthecountryasawhole.1.Whatistheworld’slongestpassengertraincreatedfor?A.Celebratingthe175thyearofSwissfirstrailway.B.Satisfyingpeople’sincreasingdemandfortransportation.C.EncouragingpeopletopayattentiontoSwisswintersports.D.AttractingmorevisitorstoappreciatethebeautyofStMoritz.2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“feats”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Dreams.B.Burdens.C.Achievements.D.Competitions.3.WhatdoesAndreasKramerthinkofthedrivers’work?A.Itisboring.B.Itiswell-paid.C.Itisdangerous.D.Itisdemanding.4.Whydoestheauthormentionthefiguresinthelastparagraph?A.ToshowthepopularityoftourismamongSwisscitizens.B.Toprovethesignificanceofthesuccessfulrecordattempt.C.Tostressthedifficultyofconstructingtheworld’slongesttrain.D.TopresentthetrendofdevelopinggreentransportationinSwitzerland.答案：ACDB生詞1.gradientn.梯度；坡度2.train-reliantadj.依賴火車的語塊1.swoopingcurves俯沖曲線2.civilengineering土木工程3.onaverage通常；平均知識(shí)拓展1.Alps阿爾卑斯山脈位于歐洲中南部，覆蓋了意大利北部、法國(guó)東南部、瑞士、列支敦士登、奧地利、德國(guó)南部及斯洛文尼亞。阿爾卑斯山脈自亞熱帶地中海海岸法國(guó)的尼斯附近向北延伸至日內(nèi)瓦湖，然后再向東北伸展至多瑙河上的維也納。2.AlbulaLine阿爾布拉鐵路是一條位于瑞士境內(nèi)的單線米軌鐵路，連接了瑞士南部格勞賓登州的圖西斯和圣莫里茨。這條鐵路于1898年開工建設(shè)，1904年完工，全長(zhǎng)67公里，鐵路沿線景色秀麗。2008年，阿爾布拉鐵路因其在鐵路工程上的造詣和人文價(jià)值而入選世界文化遺產(chǎn)。時(shí)文閱讀：中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)制茶技藝申遺成功！2022年11月29日，我國(guó)申報(bào)的“中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)制茶技藝及其相關(guān)習(xí)俗”項(xiàng)目，經(jīng)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織保護(hù)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)政府間委員會(huì)評(píng)審?fù)ㄟ^，列入聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織人類非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)代表作名錄。此次申遺的成功對(duì)于進(jìn)一步弘揚(yáng)傳播中國(guó)源遠(yuǎn)流長(zhǎng)的茶文化，推動(dòng)茶文化內(nèi)涵式發(fā)展和立體化呈現(xiàn)意義非凡。截至目前，我國(guó)共有43個(gè)項(xiàng)目列入聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)名錄、名冊(cè)，居世界第一。閱讀短文并回答問題China’straditionaltea-makingtechniquesandtheirassociatedsocialpracticessuccessfullybecameUNESCO’slatestworldintangibleculturalheritage（非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)）onNovember29,2022.Thelistrecognizestheknowledge,skills,andpracticesconcerningmanagementofteaplantations,pickingoftealeaves,manualprocessing,andthedrinkingandsharingoftea.Chineseteaproducershavedevelopedsixcategoriesoftea—green,yellow,dark,white,oolongandblack.Thereareothervarietieslikeflower-scentedteasandmorethan2,000teaproducts.Becauseofchangesthatoccurredovertea’sextremelylonghistory,thetea-makingprocesshasbecomeintricatetoday,includingdozensofsmallersteps.Teamakersfacenumerouschallengesduringtheprocess.Thecorestepsoftea-makingprocessconsistofenzymeinactivation,yellowing,piling,withering,leafshakingandcooling,oxidationorfermentationandscenting.Iteventakesabouthalfamonthtocompletethebeginningprocessesandatleastawholemonthonlytodrythetea.Speakingofthereasonswhytheapplicationsucceeded,UNESCOsaidthatChina’steaculturehelpsdevelopsocialpractices,traditionalskillsandhandmadeproducts.ZhengChangling,aresearchfellowattheChineseNationalAcademyofArts,believedthatitwasmainlyduetothelongandgreathistoryofChineseteaculture,whichtrekked（長(zhǎng)途跋涉）alongtheancientTeaHorseRoadtoreachasfarasWestAsiaandEastAfrica.Thesuccessfulapplicationcanfurtherhelpimprovetea’sinternationalinfluenceandhelpinbetterprotectingandhandingdownthetechniquesandassociatedteaculture.Itwillmakethisculturalheritagemorevisibletothepublicandhelppromoterespectforculturaldiversityandhumancreativity.Italsowillencouragepeopletopursuehealthierlifestylesbyintegratingteacultureintotheirdailylives.WangYongjian,headoftheChinesedelegationtotheUNESCOsession,saidthattheywillapplyformoreoftheintangibleculturalheritageprojectswithChinesecharacteristicswhichshowChinesespiritandwisdom,soastobetterpromoteChinesecultureglobally.1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“intricate”inparagraph2probablymean?A.Productive.B.Complicated.C.Mechanized.D.Environmentallyfriendly.2.WhatisthemainreasonforthesuccessfulapplicationaccordingtoZhengChangling?A.Chinahasarichvarietyoftea.B.Chinahasmaturetea-makingskills.C.Chinahasaprofoundhistoryofteaculture.D.China’steaproductshavegreatinternationalinfluence.3.Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytellus?A.Thewaysofimprovingculturaldiversity.B.ThewidepopularityofChineseteaculture.C.Thesignificanceofthesuccessfulapplication.D.Themethodsofmaintaininghealthierlifestyles.4.WhatdoesWangYongjianplantodo?A.DesignproductswithChinesecharacteristics.B.PromoteChina’steaculturebythemassmedia.C.Encouragepeopletolearntea-makingtechniques.D.Applyformoreworldintangibleculturalheritageitems.答案：BCCD生詞1.manualadj.手工的2.oolongn.烏龍茶3.witherv.（使）枯萎，凋謝4.oxidationn.氧化5.fermentationn.發(fā)酵6.scentv.使具有香味7.delegationn.代表團(tuán)語塊1.teaplantations茶葉種植2.flower-scentedteas花茶3.enzymeinactivation殺青（使鮮葉中的酶失去活性）4.dozensof幾十；許多5.speakingof說到，談及6.socialpractices社會(huì)實(shí)踐；習(xí)俗習(xí)慣7.internationalinfluence國(guó)際影響8.handdown把某事物傳下去；傳給（后代）9.culturaldiversity文化多樣性知識(shí)拓展1.UNESCO聯(lián)合國(guó)教育、科學(xué)及文化組織，簡(jiǎn)稱“聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織”，成立于1945年11月16日，總部設(shè)于法國(guó)巴黎，現(xiàn)有195個(gè)成員國(guó)。聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織致力于推動(dòng)各國(guó)在教育、科學(xué)和文化領(lǐng)域開展國(guó)際合作，以此共筑和平。2.intangibleculturalheritage非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)是指各族人民世代相傳，并視為其文化遺產(chǎn)組成部分的各種傳統(tǒng)文化表現(xiàn)形式，以及與傳統(tǒng)文化表現(xiàn)形式相關(guān)的實(shí)物和場(chǎng)所。非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)是一個(gè)國(guó)家和民族歷史文化成就的重要標(biāo)志，是優(yōu)秀傳統(tǒng)文化的重要組成部分?！胺俏镔|(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)”與“物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)”相對(duì)，合稱“文化遺產(chǎn)”。3.theancientTeaHorseRoad茶馬古道，是指唐代以來為順應(yīng)當(dāng)?shù)厝嗣裥枨?，在中?guó)西南和西北地區(qū)，以茶葉和馬匹為主要交易內(nèi)容、以馬幫為主要運(yùn)輸工具的商品貿(mào)易通道。茶馬古道地跨陜、甘、貴、川、滇、青、藏，外延達(dá)南亞、西亞、中亞和東南亞各國(guó)。茶馬古道是中國(guó)統(tǒng)一的歷史見證，也是民族團(tuán)結(jié)的象征。2013年3月5日，茶馬古道被中華人民共和國(guó)國(guó)務(wù)院公布為第七批全國(guó)重點(diǎn)文物保護(hù)單位。時(shí)文閱讀：你了解世界杯獎(jiǎng)杯的歷史嗎？世界杯冠軍獎(jiǎng)杯是足球界最高榮譽(yù)的象征。從1930年首屆世界杯開始，國(guó)際足聯(lián)一共使用過兩座世界杯冠軍獎(jiǎng)杯，分別是雷米特杯和大力神杯。2022年舉辦的卡塔爾世界杯將采用大力神杯作為冠軍球隊(duì)的獎(jiǎng)杯。雷米特杯和大力神杯有哪些不同呢？讓我們一起來了解一下這兩個(gè)世界杯獎(jiǎng)杯吧！閱讀短文并回答問題TheFIFAWorldCupTrophyisarguablyoneofthemosticonicprizesinthesportingworld.Sofar,twodifferenttrophies（獎(jiǎng)杯）havebeenusedinthehistoryoftheFIFAWorldCups.TheJulesRimetTrophywasthefirsttrophyawardedtothewinnersoftheFIFAWorldCups.Initially,theoldtrophywasoriginallynamed“Victory”.However,thistrophywasrenamed“theJulesRimetTrophy”in1946.ThischangewasmadetohonorformerFIFApresidentJulesRimet,whovotedtoorganizethefirstFIFAWorldCupin1930.FrenchsculptorAbelLafleurdesignedthetrophyin1930.Thetrophywas14inchesinheightandweighed8.4pounds.ItwascomprisedofawingedrepresentationofNike,theGreekGoddessofVictoryandwasinspiredbytheNikeofSamothracestatue.Uruguaybecamethefirstchampionandkeptthetrophyin1930.ThetrophywaseventuallyretiredwhenBrazilwontheWorldCupfinalforthethirdtimein1970.FollowingtheirsuccessinMexico,Brazilwasallowedtokeepthetrophypermanently.However,theoriginaltrophywasstolenforasecondtimein1983.Itwasneverrecovered,anditwasclaimedthatithadbeenmelteddownintogoldbars.FollowingtheretirementoftheJulesRimetTrophy,FIFAneededanewcup.Eventually,ItalianartistSilvioGazzaniga’sdesignwasselectedasthenewWorldCuptrophy.ThemodernFIFAWorldCuptrophydescribestwohumanfiguresholdingtheearthontopoftheirheads.Thebaseofthetrophyhas“FIFAWorldCup”engraved（刻）.Furthermore,followingeveryWorldCup,thenameofthewinningteamandthewinningyearisalsoengravedatthebase.Thetrophyweighs13.61pounds.UnliketheJulesRimetTrophy,thewinningnationsandfuturewinnersdon’tgettoholdtheoriginaltrophyanymore.ThenewregulationsstatethatitremainsinFIFA’spossession.Instead,winnersaregivenagold-platedbronzereplica（青銅復(fù)制品）providedbyFIFA.WestGermanywasthefirstnationtoliftthemodernWorldCuptrophyin1974.Thenewtrophycanholduptoseventeennamesandyearsandislikelytoberetiredfollowingthe2038WorldCup.WhywasthefirstWorldCuptrophyrenamed?A.Torememberthedesignerofthecup.B.Towelcomeanewglobalsoccerevent.C.ToexpandthepopularityoftheWorldC