全國(guó)2023年10月高等教育教育管理原理自考試題

第一部分：語(yǔ)法、詞匯單項(xiàng)填空(共20小題;每小題0.5分，滿分10分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上作答。1.Thousandsofpeopleturnedoutintothestreetsto_________againstthelocalauthorities’decisiontobuildahighwayacrossthefield.A.contradictB.reformC.counterD.protest2.Themajorityofnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareina_________.A.minorityB.scarcityC.rarityD.minimum3.ProfessorJohnson’sretirement________fromnextJanuary.A.carriesintoeffectB.takeseffectC.haseffectD.putsintoeffect4.Thepresidentexplainedthatthepurposeoftaxationwasto________governmentspending.A.financeB.expandC.enlargeD.budget5.Theheatinsummerisnoless_________hereinthismountainregion.A.concentratedB.extensiveC.intenseD.intensive6.Takingphotographsisstrictly________here,asitmaydamagethepreciouscavepaintings.A.forbiddenB.rejectedC.excludedD.denied7.Mr.Brown’sconditionlooksveryseriousanditisdoubtfulifhewill_________.A.pullbackB.pullupC.pullthroughD.pullout8.Sincetheearlynineties,thetrendinmostbusinesseshasbeentowardon-demand,always-availableproductsandservicesthatsuitthecustomer’s_________ratherthanthecompany’s.A.benefitB.availabilityC.suitabilityD.convenience9.Thepriestmadethe________ofthecrosswhenheenteredthechurch.A.markB.signalC.signD.gesture10.Thisspaciousroomis________furnishedwithjustafewarticlesinit.A.lightlyB.sparselyC.hardlyD.rarely11.Inorderto____herfavor,hetookhertomovie.A.presupposeB.gravitateC.magistrateD.reciprocate12.Heoughttohavehadthestrengthto____hisfeelingandtheself-controlnottolosehistemper.A.reduceB.retainC.concealD.retrieve13.Thetworeportsabouttheincidentarefoundtohavealotof____.A.discrepanciesB.disqualificationC.insufficienciesD.uncertainty14.WhenIarrivedinthiscountry,Ihadtostartlearningthelanguagefrom____.A.scratchB.scrapC.snatchD.scrape15.Michaelwassucha____businessmanthatheneverlostmoneyinanytransaction.A.eccentricB.dynamicC.shrewdD.preliminary16.IfyouhavereallybeenstudyingEnglishforsolong,it’sabouttimeyou____abletowritelettersinEnglish.A.shouldbeB.wereC.mustbeD.are17.Moreoftenthannot,itisdifficultto____theexactmeaningofaChineseidiominEnglish.A.exchangeB.transferC.conveyD.convert18.Productionofthenewhandbagshasbeen____uptomeettheincreasingdemand.A.pulledB.steppedC.playedD.turned19.“CitizenCane”,whilealways____bycritics,wasneverapopularfavoriteformostAmericanviewers.A.attackedB.adaptedC.acceptedD.admired20.Theproblemisthatthe____majorityofpeopledislikehisleadership.A.moreB.vastC.manyD.most第二部分：完形填空(共20小題;每小題0.5分，滿分10分)從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上作答。Aperson’shomeisasmuchareflectionofhispersonalityastheclotheshewears,thefoodheeatsandthefriendswithwhomhespendshistime.Dependingonpersonality,mosthaveinminda(n)“(1)______home”.Butingeneral,andespeciallyforthestudentornewwageearners,therearepractical(2)________ofcashandlocationonachievingthatidea.Cash(3)________,infact,oftenmeansthattheonlywayof(4)_________whenyouleaveschoolistostayathomeforawhileuntilthings(5)_________financially.Thereareobvious(6)________oflivingathome—personallaundryisusually(7)_________donealongwiththefamilywash;mealsareprovidedandtherewillbeawell-establishedcircleoffriendsto(8)_________.Andthereis(9)_________theresponsibilityforpayingbills,rates,etc.Ontheotherhand,(10)_________dependsonhowafamilygetson.Doyourparentslikeyourfriends?Youmayloveyourfamily—(11)_________doyoulikethem?Areyoupreparedtobe(12)__________whenyourparentsaskwhereyouaregoingintheeveningandwhattimeyouexpecttobeback?Ifyoufindthatyoucannotmanagea(n)(13)_________,andthatyoufinallyhavethemoneytoleave,howdoyou(14)_________findingsomewhereelsetolive?Ifyouplantostayinyourhomearea,thepossibilitiesare(15)_________well-knowntoyoualready.Friendsandthelocalpaperarealways(16)_________.Ifyouaregoingtoworkina(17)_________area,againtherearethepapers—andtheaccommodationagencies,(18)_________theseshouldbeapproachedwith(19)_________.Agenciesareallowedtochargeafee,usuallythe(20)________ofthefirstweek’srent,ifyoutakeaccommodationtheyhavefoundforyou.1.A.idealB.perfectC.imaginaryD.satisfactory2.A.deficienciesB.weaknessesC.insufficienciesD.limitations3.A.cutB.shortageC.lackD.drain4.A.gettingoverB.gettinginC.gettingbackD.gettingalong5.A.improveB.enhanceC.developD.proceed6.A.concernsB.issuesC.advantagesD.problems7.A.stillB.alwaysC.habituallyD.consequently8.A.callinB.calloverC.calluponD.callout9.A.alwaysB.rarelyC.littleD.sometimes10.A.littleB.enoughC.manyD.much11.A.andB.butC.stillD.or12.A.tolerantB.hostileC.indifferentD.good-tempered13.A.agreementB.consensusC.compromiseD.deal14.A.goaboutB.gooverC.goinforD.gothrough15.A.seldomB.lessC.probablyD.certainly16.A.dependentB.agoodsourceofinformationC.ofgreatvalueD.reliable17.A.familiarB.coldC.humidD.new18.A.thoughB.whileC.sinceD.as19.A.enthusiasmB.hesitationC.cautionD.concern20.A.sameB.equivalentC.equalD.similarityAABAACCABCBDBADDDBCD第三部分：閱讀理解(共10小題;每小題2分，滿分20分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題紙上作答。1．Farmersinthedevelopingworldhatepricefluctuations.Itmakesithardtoplanahead.Butmostofthemhavelittlechoice:theysellatthepricethemarketsets.FarmersinEurope,theU.S.andJapanareluckier:theyreceivemassivegovernmentsubsidiesintheformofguaranteedpricesordirecthandouts.LastmonthU.S.PresidentBushsignedanewfarmbillthatgivesAmericanfarmers$190billionoverthenext10years,or$83billionmorethantheyhadbeenscheduledtoget,andpushesU.S.agriculturalsupportclosetocrazyEuropeanlevels.Bushsaidthestepwasnecessaryto"promotefarmerindependenceandpreservethefarmwayoflifeforgenerations".ItisalsodesignedtohelptheRepublicanPartywincontroloftheSenateinNovember'smid-termelections.Agriculturalproductioninmostpoorcountriesaccountsforupto50%ofGDP,comparedtoonly3%inrichcountries.Butmostfarmersinpoorcountriesgrowjustenoughforthemselvesandtheirfamilies.ThosewhotryexportingtotheWestfindtheirgoodswhackedwithhugetariffsorcompetingagainstcheapersubsidizedgoods.In1999theUnitedNationsConferenceonTradeandDevelopmentconcludedthatforeachdollardevelopingcountriesreceiveinaidtheyloseupto$14justbecauseoftradebarriersimposedontheexportoftheirmanufacturedgoods.It'snotasifthedevelopingworldwantsanyfavours,saysGeraldSsendwula,Uganda'sMinisterofFinance."Whatwewantisfortherichcountriestoletuscompete."AgricultureisoneofthefewareasinwhichtheThirdWorldcancompete.Landandlabourarecheap,andasfarmingmethodsdevelop,newtechnologiesshouldimproveoutput.Thisisno-pie-in-the-skyspeculation.ThebiggestsuccessinKenya'seconomyoverthepastdecadehasbeentheboominexportsofcutflowersandvegetablestoEurope.Butthatmayallchangein2023,whenKenyawillbeslightlytoorichtoqualifyforthe"leastdevelopedcountry"statusthatallowsAfricanproducerstoavoidpayingstiffEuropeanimportdutiesonselectedagriculturalproducts.Withtradebarriersinplace,thehorticultureindustryinKenyawillshrivelasquicklyasadiscardedrose.Andwhileagricultureexportsremainthegreathopeforpoorcountries,reducingtradebarriersinothersectorsalsoworks:AmericasAfricanGrowthandOpportunityAct,whichcutsdutiesonexportsofeverythingfromhandicraftstoshoes,hasprovedaboontoAfrica'smanufacturers.Thelesson:theThirdWorldcanprosperiftherichworldgivesitafairgo.ThisiswhatmakesBush'sdecisiontoincreasefarmsubsidieslastmonthallthemoredepressing.Poorcountrieshavelongsuspectedthattherichworldurgesradeliberalizationonlysoitcanwangleitswayintonewmarkets.SuchsuspicionscausedtheSeattletradetalkstobreakdownthreeyearsago.ButlastNovembermembersoftheWorldTradeOrganization,meetinginDoha,Qatar,finallyagreedtoanewroundoftalksdesignedtoopenupglobaltradeinagricultureandtextiles.Richcountriesassuredpoorcountries,thattheirconcernswerefinallybeingaddressed.Bush'shandoutlastmonthmakesalieof(1)Bycomparison,farmers____receivemoregovernmentsubsidiesthanothers.Ainthedevelopingworld BinJapanCinEuropeDinAmerica(2)Inadditiontotheeconomicconsiderations,thereisa____motivebehindBush'ssigningofthenewfarmbill.ApartisanBsocialCfinancialDcultural(3)Themessagethewriterattemptstoconveythroughoutthepassageisthat____.ApoorcountriesshouldbegivenequalopportunitiesintradeB"theleastdevelopedcountry"statusbenefitsagriculturalcountriesCpoorcountriesshouldremovetheirsuspicionsabouttradeliberalizationDfarmersinpoorcountriesshouldalsoreceivethebenefitofsubsidies(4)Thewriter'sattitudetowardsnewfarmsubsidiesintheU.S.is____.AfavourableBambiguousCcriticalD)reserved2．Iremembermeetinghimoneeveningwithhispushcart.Ihadmanagedtosellallmypapersandwascominghomeinthesnow.ItwasthatstrangehourindowntownNewYorkwhentheworkerswerepouringhomewardinthetwilight.Imarchedamongthousandsoftiredmenandwomenwhomthefactorywhistleshadunyoked.Theyflowedinriversthroughtheclothingfactorydistricts,thendownalongtheavenuestotheEastSide.ImetmyfathernearCooperUnion.Irecognizedhim,ahunched,frozenfigureinanoldovercoatstandingbyabananacart.Helookedsolonely,thetearscametomyeyes.Thenhesawme,andhisfacelitwithhissad,beautifulsmile-CharlieChaplin'ssmile."Arch,it'sMikey,"hesaid."Soyouhavesoldyourpapers!Comeandeatabanana."Heofferedmeone.Irefusedit.Ifeltitcrucialthatmyfathersellhisbananas,notgivethemaway.HethoughtIwasshy,andcoaxedandjokedwithme,andmademeeatthebanana.Itsmelledofwetstrawandsnow."Youhaven'tsoldmanybananastoday,pop,"Isaidanxiously.Heshruggedhisshoulders."WhatcanIdo?Nooneseemstowantthem."Itwastrue.Theworkcrowdspushedhomemoroselyoverthepavements.TherustyskydarkenedoverNewYorkbuilding,thetallstreetlampswerelit,innumerabletrucks,streetcarsandelevatedtrainsclatteredby.Nobodyandnothinginthegreatcitystoppedformyfather'sbananas."Ioughttoyell,"saidmyfatherdolefully."Ioughttomakeabignoiselikeotherpeddlers,butitmakesmythroatsore.Anyway,I'mashamedofyelling,itmakesmefeellikeafool."Ihadeatenoneofhisbananas.MysickconsciencetoldmethatIoughttopayforitsomehow.Imustremainhereandhelpmyfather."I'llyellforyou,pop,"Ivolunteered."Arch,no,"hesaid,"gohome;youhaveworkedenoughtoday.JusttellmommaI'llbelate."ButIyelledandyelled.Myfather,standingby,spokeoccasionalwordsofpraise,andsaidIwasawonderfulyeller.Nobodyelsepaidattention.Theworkersdriftedpastuswearily,endlessly;adefeatedarmywrappedindreamsofhome.Elevatedtrainscrashed;theCooperUnionclockburnedaboveus;theskygrewblack,thewindpoured,theslushburnedthroughourshoes.Therewerethousandsofstrange,silentfigurespouringoverthesidewalksinsnow.Noneofthemstoppedtobuybananas.Iyelledandyelled,nobodylistened.Myfathertriedtostopmeatlast."Nu,"hesaidsmilingtoconsoleme,"thatwaswonderfulyelling.Mikey.Butit'splainweareunluckytoday!Let'sgohome."Iwasfrantic,andalmostintears.Iinsistedonkeepingupmydesperateyells.Butatlastmyfatherpersuadedmetoleavewithhim.(5)"Unyoked"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningtoA.sentoutB.releasedC.dispatchedD.removed(6)WhichofthefollowinginthefirstparagraphdoesNOTindicatedcrowdsofpeople?A.ThousandsofB.FlowedC.PouringD.Unyoked(7)Whichofthefollowingisintendedtobeapairofcontrastinthepassage?A.Hugecrowdsandlonelyindividuals.B.Weatherconditionsandstreetlamps.C.Clatteringtrainsandpeddlers'yells.D.Movingcrowdsandstreettraffic.(8)WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTsuitabletodescribethecharacterof