高考英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)-第二部分-知識(shí)運(yùn)用篇-專題4-語(yǔ)法填空-第1講-動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致市賽課公開(kāi)課一

專題四語(yǔ)法填空知識(shí)利用篇第二部分有提醒詞填空第一講動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及主謂一致1/501技能突破3隨堂訓(xùn)練2走出誤區(qū)4復(fù)習(xí)練案2/50技能突破3/50技法1：基本定義需記牢高考語(yǔ)法填空對(duì)時(shí)態(tài)考查多為基本定義考查，所以掌握高考考試說(shuō)明中要求時(shí)態(tài)基本使用方法對(duì)解題非常主要

4/50(·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Confuciusbelievedkniveswouldremindpeopleofkillingsand______________(be)tooviolentforuseatthetable.[解題思緒]①分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)→句子缺乏謂語(yǔ)②依據(jù)從句中would及連詞and判斷→謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示過(guò)去→聯(lián)想表示過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)基本定義嘗試解答：________were5/50①(·北京高考改編)I____________(read)halfoftheEnglishnovel，andI'lltrytofinishitattheweekend.②(·北京高考改編)Jack_______________(work)inthelabwhenthepowercutoccurred.③JustasIgottotheschoolgate，IrealizedI________(leave)mybookinthecafe.④Thebestinformationabouthotelsusually________(come)fromfriendswhohavebeenthere.have

readwas

workinghad

leftcomes6/50技法2：時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)要明了在高考語(yǔ)法填空中，有時(shí)會(huì)直接給出時(shí)間標(biāo)志，考生能夠依據(jù)所給標(biāo)志詞或時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)輕松得出答案。7/50(·四川高考)Then，aftertwoandahalfyears，themother______________(drive)theyoungpandaaway.[解題思緒]①分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)→句子缺乏謂語(yǔ)依據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)aftertwoandahalfyears判斷→表示過(guò)去情況嘗試解答：________Drove8/50[技法解讀]切記各種時(shí)態(tài)慣用標(biāo)志詞①看到always，usually，often，sometimes，everyweek(day，year，month...)，onceaweek(day，year，month...)，onSundays等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，想到普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)；②看到y(tǒng)esterday，last＋時(shí)間(如1ast＋week，month.year，Monday等)，in＋過(guò)去年份，時(shí)間＋ago(如afewminutesago，twoweeksago，yearsago等)，before，theageof，theotherday，onceuponatime，時(shí)間段＋later等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，要想到用普通過(guò)去時(shí)；③看到tomorrow，nextday(week，month，year...)，soon，thedayaftertomorrow，in＋時(shí)間段(intwohours，inafewminutes等)，inthefuture等時(shí)間段，要想到用普通未來(lái)時(shí)；9/50④看到now，atthistime，atthismoment，look，listen，atpresent，thesedays，thisweek等標(biāo)志詞，要想到用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)；⑤看到for＋一段時(shí)間，since＋時(shí)間點(diǎn)，since＋時(shí)間段＋ago，eversince，sofar，ever，never，just，yet，lately，recently，uptonow，in/during/overthepast/last＋一段時(shí)間，要想到用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；⑥看到by/before/bytheendof/bythetimeof＋過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)，要想到用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。10/50①(·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Thiscycle________(go)dayafterday：Thewallswarmupduringthedayandcooloffduringthenightandthusalwaysatimelyoffset(抵消)fortheoutsidetemperatures.②Onceuponatime，there________(be)asillyemperorwholovedclothingmorethananythingelse.③Atthemoment，heis________(write)anarticlewhichisrelatedtotheoriginofhumanbeings.④Inthelastfewyears，China____________(make)greatachievementsinenvironmentalprotection.goeswaswritinghas

made11/50技法3：語(yǔ)境了解少不了高考對(duì)動(dòng)詞考查更關(guān)注經(jīng)過(guò)語(yǔ)境解題，所以學(xué)會(huì)判斷上下文語(yǔ)境信息很關(guān)鍵。12/50(·江蘇高考)ThepublicationofGreat

Expectations,which____(be)bothwidelyreviewedandhighlypraised，strengthenedDickens'statusasaleadingnovelist.[解題思緒]分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)→句子缺乏謂語(yǔ)依據(jù)主句時(shí)態(tài)strengthened判斷→從句謂語(yǔ)表示過(guò)去發(fā)生事情嘗試解答：________was13/50[技法解讀]句子沒(méi)有明確時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，考生需借助上下文語(yǔ)境，挖掘出隱含信息，搞清動(dòng)作發(fā)生時(shí)間以及次序，才能得出答案。14/50①(·全國(guó)卷Ⅰ)In1969，thepollutionisterriblealongtheCuyahogaRivernearCleveland，Ohio.It________(be)unimaginablethatitcouldbeevercleanedup.②Tomydelight，I______________(choose)fromhundredsofapplicantstoattendtheopeningceremony.③IwenttoNingxiaand________(stay)thereforoneyear，teachingasavolunteer.waswas

chosenstaged15/50技法4：固定句式很主要固定句式在高考語(yǔ)法填空中占有一席之地，所以記牢它們對(duì)解題非常關(guān)鍵。16/50(·天津高考)I____(drive)downtoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.[解題思緒]分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)→使用固定結(jié)構(gòu)“was/weredoing...when...正在．.....就在這時(shí)突然．.....”。依據(jù)固定結(jié)構(gòu)判斷→主句中時(shí)態(tài)應(yīng)用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)嘗試解答：_____________解析：考查固定句型was/weredoing...when...正在．.....就在這時(shí)突然．.....。句意：我正駕車開(kāi)往倫敦，就在這時(shí)我突然發(fā)覺(jué)自己走錯(cuò)了路。was

driving17/50[技法解讀]切記幾個(gè)固定句式①看到nosooner...than...或hardly...when...，要想到主句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，從句用普通過(guò)去時(shí)；②看到并列連詞when，要想到與was/weredoing連用；③看到It/This/Thatis＋序數(shù)詞＋that從句，要想到從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；④看到It/This/Thatwas＋序數(shù)詞＋that從句，要想到從句用過(guò)去完成時(shí)；⑤看到It/Thisis＋最高級(jí)十名詞＋that從句，要想到從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；⑥看到“祈使句＋and/or＋陳說(shuō)句”，要想到陳說(shuō)句用普通未來(lái)時(shí)。18/50①It'ssaidthatthisisthefirsttimethepainting____________________(show)tothepublic，whichattractsmanypeople.②ItgoeswithoutsayingthatthisisthebestplaceI___________(be)to.③Yesterday，I_________________(wait)forbuswhentherainstartedtocomedown.④Putyourheartintostudy，andyou______________(make)alotofprogresssoon.has

been

showedhave

beenwas

waitingwill

make19/50技法5：邏輯關(guān)系要理清搞清句中主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯關(guān)系是做題根本。假如主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)存在主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；假如主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。20/50(·全國(guó)卷Ⅲ)Trulyelegantchopsticksmight______________(make)ofgoldandsilverwithChinesecharacters.[解題思緒]①分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)→句子缺乏謂語(yǔ)②判斷主語(yǔ)chopsticks與謂語(yǔ)make邏輯關(guān)系→被動(dòng)關(guān)系嘗試解答：________be

made21/50[技法解讀](1)切記高考?？紟讉€(gè)時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)組成(以do為例)普通現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/aredone普經(jīng)過(guò)去時(shí)was/weredone普通未來(lái)時(shí)shall/willbedone現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)am/is/arebeingdone過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)was/werebeingdone現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)have/hasbeendone過(guò)去完成時(shí)hadbeendone未來(lái)完成時(shí)shall/willhavebeendone22/50(2)不能用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)①不及物動(dòng)詞(短語(yǔ))沒(méi)有賓語(yǔ)，故不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。takeplace，cometrue，comeabout，breakout，appear，happen，disappear，last，arise等。②表示主語(yǔ)特征詞，如read，wash，write，sell，wear，lock，break，catch，cut，drive，open等，常與not，hardly，well，easily，badly，nicely等副詞連用。③系動(dòng)詞如appear，be，become，fall，feel，get，grow，keep，look，remain，seemsmell，sound，stay，taste，turn等不能用于被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。23/50①(·四川高考)Thegiant，panda________(love)bypeoplethroughouttheworld.②(·江蘇高考改編)Moreefforts，asreported，__________________(make)intheyearsaheadtoacceleratethesupplysidestructurereform.③(·江蘇高考)Hehurriedhome，neveroncelookingbacktoseeifhe_______________________(follow)．④Somepeopleeatwiththeireyes.Theyprefertoorderwhat________(look)nice.⑤Becauseoftheheavysnow，aseriousaccident___________(happen)tothefamily.is

lovedwill

be

madewas

being

followedlookshappened24/50技法6：主謂一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(·全國(guó)卷Ⅱ)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow______________(be)oftenacceptable.[解題思緒]①分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)→句子缺乏謂語(yǔ)②動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)→可判斷謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)嘗試解答：________is25/50[技法解讀](1)語(yǔ)法一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)主語(yǔ)是單數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用單數(shù)形式；主語(yǔ)是復(fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就用復(fù)數(shù)形式。①當(dāng)and連接兩個(gè)或多個(gè)名詞，或both...and...連接兩個(gè)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。②主語(yǔ)后有with，alongwith，togetherwith，aswellas，nolessthan，ratherthan，including，besides，like，except，but等詞或短語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞單復(fù)數(shù)形式由主語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)形式?jīng)Q定。③“anumberof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式；“thenumberof＋名詞復(fù)數(shù)”作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。26/50④定語(yǔ)從句中，關(guān)系代詞that，who，which等作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞數(shù)應(yīng)與句中先行詞數(shù)保持一致。⑤不定式或動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。比如：Readingislearning.讀書(shū)就是學(xué)習(xí)。⑥在倒裝句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞數(shù)應(yīng)與其后主語(yǔ)保持一致。27/50(2)意義一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式還是復(fù)數(shù)形式要看主語(yǔ)所表示概念。①由and連接兩個(gè)名詞，假如是指同一概念(即and后面無(wú)冠詞)，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。②表示金錢、價(jià)格、時(shí)間、長(zhǎng)度等復(fù)數(shù)名詞及詞組作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，普通被看作一個(gè)整體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞慣用單數(shù)形式。③集體名詞(如family，team，crowd，company，class，group，government等)假如表示整體概念，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式；假如表示集體中組員，則謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。28/50(3)就近一致標(biāo)準(zhǔn)①由either...or...，neither...nor...，notonly...but(also)．..，not...but...或or連接兩個(gè)并列主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與較近主語(yǔ)在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。②Therebe...和Herebe...這兩個(gè)句式中be動(dòng)詞常與最近主語(yǔ)在數(shù)上保持一致。29/50①(·溫州一模)Itwastheboy，ratherthanhisteacher，that________(be)toblameforwhathehaddone.②(·雙鴨山一模)Thenumberoftrafficaccidentsthathappenindevelopingcountries________(be)increasing.③Toadisabledperson，even50meters________(be)alongdistancetocover.④Itisreportedthatthere________(be)goingtobeheavystormsinthecomingmonth.⑤NotonlyIbutalsoJaneandMary________(be)tiredofhavingoneexaminationafteranother.wasisisareare30/50⑥Atyesterday'sparty，thenumberofpeopleinvited________(be)fifty，butanumberofthem________(be)absentfordifferentreasons.⑦(·天津高考)Nowadays，cycling，alongwithjoggingandswimming，_____________(regard)asoneofthebestall-roundformsofexercise.waswereis

regarded31/50時(shí)成語(yǔ)態(tài)解題技巧四步、一提醒第一步，確定句子是否缺謂語(yǔ)假如括號(hào)中給出詞是動(dòng)詞，首先分析句子成份，看句子是否缺謂語(yǔ)。第二步，確定動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)確定缺乏謂語(yǔ)之后，依據(jù)詳細(xì)語(yǔ)境、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)等確定使用哪種時(shí)態(tài)。第三步，確定動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)依據(jù)主語(yǔ)和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞邏輯關(guān)系確定語(yǔ)態(tài)。第四步，確定主謂一致32/50最終依據(jù)主語(yǔ)確定謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在人稱和數(shù)上一致性。提醒：假如括號(hào)中給出詞是動(dòng)詞，偶然會(huì)考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。比如：Every

morning

when

we

get

up，we

have

a_________(choose)of

how

we

want

to

face

life

that

day.choice33/50走出誤區(qū)34/50易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1相近時(shí)態(tài)混用①(·青島一模)China__________(spend)alotofmoneyonsuchresearchoverthepastyears.②(母題變式)China_____________(spend)alotofmoneyonsuchresearchbeforeTuYouyougainedtheaward.has

spenthad

spent35/50

[點(diǎn)撥]現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)區(qū)分(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)是指某個(gè)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去開(kāi)始一直連續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在有影響，是站在“現(xiàn)在”時(shí)間點(diǎn)上；過(guò)去完成時(shí)則比現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)往前推了一段時(shí)間，即“過(guò)去過(guò)去”，是站在“過(guò)去”時(shí)間點(diǎn)上。(2)題①依據(jù)overthepastyears可知spend這個(gè)動(dòng)作是站在“現(xiàn)在”時(shí)間點(diǎn)上，填hasspent；題②依據(jù)beforeTuYouyougainedtheaward可判斷spend這個(gè)動(dòng)作是站在“過(guò)去”時(shí)間點(diǎn)上，填hadspent。36/50易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2語(yǔ)境信息把握不準(zhǔn)①(·東城一模)Themanager___________(leave)forLondonforabusinessconferencethisafternoonCanyougethimtotheairport?②(母題變式)Themanager__________(leave)forLondonforabusinessconferencealready.Canyouvisithimwhenhecomesback?is

leavinghas

left37/50[點(diǎn)撥](1)依據(jù)題①中后文Canyougethimtotheairport？說(shuō)明經(jīng)理將要離開(kāi)，此處be＋現(xiàn)在分詞表示未來(lái)時(shí)，故填isleaving。(2)依據(jù)題②中后文Canyouvisithimwhenhecomesback？說(shuō)明經(jīng)理已經(jīng)離開(kāi)。另外，依據(jù)標(biāo)志詞already，故填hasleft。38/50易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3把其它成份當(dāng)成主語(yǔ)①Itisreportedthatthesewaystogrowmoretreesinthedesert________(be)veryeffective.②(母題變式)Itisreportedthatfindingwaystogrowmoretreesinthedesert________(be)hislifegoal.areis39/50[點(diǎn)撥](1)題①中主語(yǔ)為theseways，所以謂語(yǔ)要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)題②中主語(yǔ)為findingways，動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，所以謂語(yǔ)要用單數(shù)形式。40/50隨堂訓(xùn)練41/50Ⅰ.單句練習(xí)?Moresubwaylines______________(build)tomaketravellingeasyinBeijinginthecomingyears.?Sinceitsstart，WeChat_____________(develop)intothemostpopularmessagingcommunicationserviceinChina.?Thefatheraswellashisthreechildren________(go)skatingonthefrozenrivereverySundayafternooninwinter.?Mygrandpahasbeenenjoyinggoodhealtheversincehe__________(stop)smoking.?Myuncle________(live)inTaiwanfor20years.Nowhehassettleddowninthemainland.willbe

builthas

developedgoesstoppedlived42/50?EveryDecemberNobelPrizes_______________(award)topeoplewhohavemadeoutstandingcontributionstotheworld.?Hewasunhappywhenhesoldhisviolin.Afterall，he_________(have)itforaverylongtime.?Theprofessorhasjustfinishedwritingabookandit________________(publish)beforelong.are

awardedhadwill

be

published43/50Ⅱ.易錯(cuò)練習(xí)：注意以下動(dòng)詞不規(guī)則改變?Heopenedthedoor，________(take)offhiscoatandwentintothekitchen.?He________(write)aletterwhereheexplainedwhathadhappenedintheaccident.?Satellitesareanimportantpartofourordinarylives.Forexample，theinformationforweatherforecasts__________(send)bysatellites.?Thedogwasveryhappy，and________(eat)themeatupatonce.?Thepicturesdisplayedonthewall_________________(choose)fromthousandsofstudents.tookwroteis

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chosen44/50Ⅲ.語(yǔ)篇練習(xí)：用適當(dāng)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)填空。EveryApril，there1.________(be)aspecialdaywhenpeoplerememberandhonortheirancestors.It2.________(call)TombSweepingDay，alsoknownasQingmingFestival.TombSweepingDayisatraditionalChinesefestival.It3.________(begin)over2,000yearsago.AlotofpoemsaboutQingming4.__________________(write)bytheendoftheTangDynasty.Awell-knownpoembytheTangDynastypoet