高中英語(yǔ)必修三unit4 語(yǔ)法名詞性從句

NounClauseNounClauses(名詞性從句)SubjectClause(主語(yǔ)從句)AppositiveClause（同位語(yǔ)從句）ObjectClause（賓語(yǔ)從句）PredicativeClause（表語(yǔ)從句）原來(lái)那個(gè)女孩想嫁的是個(gè)電視機(jī)！playmusic,

singanddanceverywell,whocantellinterestingstories,whodoesnotsmokeordrink,whostaysathomeintheeveningsandwhostopstalkingwhenI'mtiredoflistening."Theyoungmangotup,tookhiscoatandwenttothedoor,butbeforeheleftthehouse,heturnedandsaidtoBetty,"Itisn'tamanyou'relookingfor.__________________________________.Joke1

Bettywasaveryprettygirl.Quitealotofyoungmenwantedtomarryher.

Oneday,oneoftheyoungmencametovisitherandaskedhertobecomehiswife.Sheanswered,"No,John,Iwon'tmarryyou.Iwanttomarryamanwhoisfamous,whocanD.Whatyouwantisatelevisionset長(zhǎng)高點(diǎn)，就不用踮著腳跳舞了Joke2

Onagirl’swayhomeafterwatchingaballet(芭蕾舞）

performance,thekindergartenteacheraskedherstudentswhattheythoughtofit.Thesmallestgirlintheclasssaid:“If_____________________________________________________oneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.”C.mywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrueJoke1:Whatyouwantisatelevisionset.

Joke2:Ifmywishthatthedancerscangrowtallercomestrue

oneday,theywillnothavetostandontheirtoesallthetime.Whatkindofclausearethey?主語(yǔ)從句同位語(yǔ)從句Whowillwinthematchisstillunknown.Iwanttoknowwhathehastoldyou.Thefactisthatwehavelostthegame.Thenewsthatwewonthegameisexciting.主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句表語(yǔ)從句

名詞性從句的作用相當(dāng)于名詞，因此主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句分別作主句的主語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和同位語(yǔ)。同位語(yǔ)從句ConjunctionsofNounClauses(引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞):what,who,whom,whose,which,wh+everthat,whether,if,asif/asthoughwhen,where,how,why1.主語(yǔ)從句

主語(yǔ)從句就是從句在主句中作主語(yǔ)的名詞性從句。1)Thatshelefthim

hurtshimsomuch.

2)Whetheritwillpleasethem

isnoteasytosay.3)

Whatweneedismorepractice.4)Whenwewillbeginthemeeting

isunderdiscussion.*that—只起引導(dǎo)作用，不充當(dāng)成分，但不能省略。*whether是否，表不確定的事情(不能用If）*what在從句中作主語(yǔ)*When在從句中作狀語(yǔ)*______________________________(他是否要來(lái))isnotyetknown.*_____________________________(他想告訴我們什么)isnotclear.*___________________________(誰(shuí)會(huì)贏得這場(chǎng)比賽)isstillunknown.*_______________________________(你錯(cuò)過(guò)了這次機(jī)會(huì))isapity.=Itis___________________________________.Exercise1:WhetherhewillcomeornotWhathewantstotellusWhowillwinthematchThat

youmissedthechanceapitythat

youmissedthechance

注意:

由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句有時(shí)為了使句子結(jié)構(gòu)平衡,避免“頭重腳輕”,常用it

作形式主語(yǔ),而把從句放在后面。例如:

1.That

hewillrefusethispieceofadviceisimpossible.______________________________________________________________________________2.Thattheyshouldlikeeachotherisnatural._____________________________________*it為形式主語(yǔ)Itisnaturalthattheyshouldlikeeachother.Itisimpossiblethathewillrefusethispieceofadvice.這樣就構(gòu)成了下面一些常用句型:

1)Itis+n.+從句

Itisapity/shamethat...遺憾的是……

Itisasurprisethat…令人驚奇的是…

Itisafactthat……是事實(shí)

Itiscommonknowledgethat……是常識(shí)*_______________(很遺憾)welostthematch.*______________(這是事實(shí))hecheatedintheexam.ItisapitythatItisafactthat2)Itis+adj.+從句

It’scertainthat…肯定…

Itispossiblethat...很可能……

Itisunlikelythat...不可能……Itisobviousthat…很明顯…Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…*_________________(很可能)shewillcomebacktomorrow.*_________________(很明顯)thismeasureiseffective.+(should)+do…ItispossiblethatItisobviousthat3)It+不及物動(dòng)詞+從句

Ithappenedthat...碰巧……

Itoccurredtomethat…我突然想起…*________________(剛好)Icameintotheofficeatthattime.*____________________(我突然想起)Iforgettosendtheletter.IthappenedthatItoccurredtomethat4)It+be+過(guò)去分詞+從句Itissaidthat...據(jù)說(shuō)……

Itisknowntoallthat...眾所周知……

Itisreportedthat...據(jù)報(bào)道……

Itisbelievedthat...據(jù)信……;人們相信……

Itissuggestedthat+(should）do...建議……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必須承認(rèn)……Itcannotbedeniedthat…不可否認(rèn)……

Itmustbepointedoutthat…需指出的是……

*___________________(據(jù)報(bào)道)20peoplewerekilledintheaccident.*______________________(建議)weshouldeatmorevegetableanddomoreexercise.ItisreportedthatItissuggestedthat1._____youdon’tlikehimisnoneofmybusiness.2._____hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.3.________themeetingwillbeheldinourschoolisnotknownyet.4.________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.5.________leavestheroomlastoughttoturnoffthelights.ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever填空。

6.___isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.7.Itworriedherabit____herhairwasturninggrey.8.TheForeignMinistersaid,“__isourhopethatthetwosideswillworktowardspeace.”

9.AfterYangLiweisucceededincirclingtheearth,____ourastronautsdesiretodoiswalkinspace.ItthatItwhat1.Ihavealwaysbeenhonestandstraightforward,anditdoesn‘tmatter______thatI’mtalkingto.(2004年廣東省卷

)A.whoisitB.whoitisC.itiswhoD.itiswhom高考鏈接【試析】這個(gè)句子是一個(gè)由and連接的并列句。And后是一個(gè)含有主語(yǔ)從句的結(jié)構(gòu)，其主句部分是itdoesn’tmatter,主語(yǔ)從句則是whoitisthatI’mtalkingto.而在主語(yǔ)從句中，又有一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾who.Who既是一個(gè)引導(dǎo)詞，也在itis中作表語(yǔ).如果再細(xì)一點(diǎn)，說(shuō)who是(talking)to的介詞賓語(yǔ)也可以。2.Itisprettywellunderstood___controlstheflowofcarbondioxideinandouttheatmospheretoday.(2003上海)

A.thatB.whenC.whatD.how

【試析】主語(yǔ)從句中缺少做主語(yǔ)的成分，故選C.

3._____madetheschoolproudwas______morethan90％ofthestudentshadbeenadmittedtokeyuniversities.（2003上海春季）

A.What;becauseB.What;that

C.That;whatD.That;because

【試析】what在此作連接代詞，引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句，并在從句中作主語(yǔ)。that引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，只起引導(dǎo)作用，不作任何成分.4.Theotherday,mybrotherdrovehiscardownthestreetat__Ithoughtwasadangerousspeed.(2004上海)A.asB.whichC.whatD.that解析:Ithought是插入語(yǔ),可以把它去掉不考慮.what引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,在從句中作主語(yǔ).賓語(yǔ)從句作at的賓語(yǔ).5.___intheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyouremailaccount.（2005上海）

A.WhatisrequiredB.WhatrequiresC.ItisrequiredD.Itrequires解析:“Itisrequiredthat…”是一個(gè)固定句式，it作形式主語(yǔ),that引導(dǎo)的從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。6.___hehasbecomearichmanisknowntoallinourtown.[高考真題]A.BecauseB.ThatC./D.What答案是B?！八兂闪烁晃?這是我們鎮(zhèn)上下班人人皆知的事?！备鶕?jù)句意,須用that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句。that在從句中不擔(dān)任任何成分,只起連接作用.7.___Ineedismoretime.A.ThatB.WhatC./D.Which答案是B。“我所需要的是更多的時(shí)間。”根據(jù)題意,應(yīng)選what引志的主語(yǔ)從句,what在職從句中作賓語(yǔ)(what=thethingwhich).主語(yǔ)從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞不能省略,故排除C。which表示“哪一個(gè)”,that無(wú)詞義,都與句意不符,故排除。III.用適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~填空，使下列主語(yǔ)從句意思完整。1._______hefinishedwritingthecompositioninsuchashorttimesurprisedusall.2._______________wewillgoforanoutingtomorrowremainsunknown.3.Itisapity______wewon’tbeabletogotothesouthtospendoursummerholidays.ThatWhether/Wherethat4._______sheiscomingornotdoesn’tmattertoomuch.5._______hecamefromstillpuzzlesallofus.6.Ithappened_____Isawhimyesterday.7.Itdoesnotmakeanydifferencetome______youdo.WhetherWherethatwhat8._____wasresponsiblefortheaccidentisnotyetclear.9.____________________theywillhavethesportsmeetisstillaquestion.10.Itdoesn’tmatter______shelookslike.WhoWhen/Where/Whetherwhat

2.同位語(yǔ)從句

同位語(yǔ)從句就是從句在句中作同位語(yǔ)的名詞性從句，是對(duì)與其同位的名詞作進(jìn)一步解釋，說(shuō)明名詞的具體內(nèi)容。大多數(shù)同位語(yǔ)從句由從屬連詞that

(whether,how,when,where,why)引導(dǎo)（不能省略）,常跟以下抽象名詞后,fact/news/idea/reason/hope/belief/truth/dream/problem/advice/suggestion/thought/order/doubt/answer/reply…1.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion

thatallmatterconsistsofatoms.2.WheredidyougettheideathatIcouldnotcome.3.Heoftenasksmethisquestion

whenTomwillcomebackfromAmerican.Appositiveclause同位語(yǔ)從句:1.Theidea______computerswillrecognizehumanvoicessurprisesmanypeople.2.Thepossibility______themajorityofthelabourforcewillworkathomeisoftendiscussed.3.Ihavenoidea________________(他去了哪里）4.Theyarethinkingaboutthequestion___________________(怎么能夠贏得)thecompetition.5.Pleasetellusthetruth__________________(誰(shuí)為我們做的）.thatthathowtheywhodidthatforuswherehehasgoneExercise4:couldwin1.Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthegamewastrue.

*(同位語(yǔ)從句,補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明news到底是一個(gè)什么消息，that雖不作成分,但不能省略)2.Thenewsthathetoldmeyesterdaywastrue.

*(定語(yǔ)從句,起修飾作用，說(shuō)明到底是哪一個(gè)消息，that在從句中作told的賓語(yǔ),可以省略)

注意：同位語(yǔ)從句與定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)別

判斷:定語(yǔ)從句or同位語(yǔ)從句1.Theorderthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroupswasreceivedyesterday.

2.Theorderthatwereceivedyesterdaywasthatweshouldsendafewpeopletohelptheothergroups.3.ThenewsthathewillleaveforShanghaiistrue.4.Thenewsthatwegotlastweekistrue.5.Thequestionthatwediscussedyesterdayisadifficultone.(定語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(同位語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)(定語(yǔ)從句)注意1：that/what的辨用1.______hewantsisabook.2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacheris

saying.4.Hetoldus______hefeltill.5.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

6.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

7.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.8.Thefact______sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

WhatThatwhatwhatwhat（that）（that）thatRules1.that在名詞性從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，只起連接作用2.what除起連接作用外，還在名詞性從句中充當(dāng)成分，可做從句的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、或表語(yǔ)。注意2：whether與if的辨用1.Whetheritistrueremainsaproblem.2.Itremainsaproblemwhether/ifitistrue.3.Heaskedwhether/ifMarywouldattendtheceremony.4.Itdependsonwhetherwehavegotenoughmoney.5.Thequestioniswhetheryoushouldacceptit.6.Thequestionwhetherhe’llattendthemeetingisimportant.7.Ididn’tknowwhethertolaughortocry.8.Idon’tknowwhether/ifitisrightornot.Rules1.在由形式主語(yǔ)it引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句及在vt動(dòng)詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否”，whether/if都可以用；2.在前置主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句、同位語(yǔ)從句和跟在介詞后面的賓語(yǔ)從句中，表“是否”，只能用whether；3.在whether…ornot

和whethertodo

中whether不能換成ifPracticetimeif/whether1.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.2.___________wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.3.Ithasn'tbeendecided____________weshallattendthemeeting.4.Thedoctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion

__________theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

whetherwhetherwhetherwhether/ifI.在空格處填上適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使下列定語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句完整。1.Thisisthemountainvillage_______Istayedlastyear.2.I’llneverforgetthedays_____Iworkedtogetherwithyou.3.Pleasepassmethebook_____coverisgreen.wherewhenwhose練習(xí)坊4.Isthisthereason____herefusedouroffer?5.Thepersonto______youspokeisafamousactor.6.Shesatonthecornerofthetablenearthedoorby______herhusbandalwaysentered.7.Thewhitefloweristheonlyone_____Ireallylike.whywhomwhichthat8.Thenewswasveryexciting___ourclasshadwonthefootballmatch.9.Theyarefamiliarwiththeopinion____allmatterconsistsofatoms.10.Thequestion___________________weshallhaveameetinghasn’tbeendecided.11.Theytoldthepolicemanthefact___theyhadnothingtodowiththemurder.thatthatwhere/when/whetherthat12.Allagreedtohissuggestion___abridgeacrosstheriverbebuilt.13.Thequestion____shoulddotheworkrequiresconsideration.14.Thisisouronlyrequest___this(should)besettledassoonaspossible.15.Wordcame___ourChinesewomenteamhadbeatenJapanese.thatwhothatthat1.我不知道怎樣到達(dá)火車站。

IhavenoideahowIcangettotherailwaystation.2.我們隊(duì)取得決賽勝利的消息令人鼓舞。

Thenewsthatourteamhaswonthefinalmatchisencouraging.II.用同位語(yǔ)從句翻譯下列句子。3.人們?cè)J(rèn)為地球是宇宙的中心。

Peopleusedtoholdtheopinionthattheearthwasthecenteroftheuniverse.4.沒(méi)有人對(duì)他將成為他們的老板這一事實(shí)感到高興。

Nooneishappywiththefactthathewillbecometheirboss.5.我們何時(shí)開(kāi)始工作的問(wèn)題尚未決定。

Thequestionwhenwewillstarttheworkisnotdecided．

1.Thefact____sheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

A.thatB.whatC.whyD.which

2.Thefact____hewassuccessfulproveshisability.

A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whyAAIII.Choosethecorrectanswer.3.Thenews____hewaskidnappedsurprisedusgreatly.

A.whatB.thatC.whyD.when4.Hissuggestion____themeetingbedelayedwasturneddown.

A.whichB.thatC./D.itBB5.Ihavenoidea____hewillstart.

A.whenB.thatC.whatD./

6.I'vecomefromthegovernmentwithamessage____themeetingwon'tbeheldtomorrow.

A.ifB.thatC.whetherD.whichBA7.Thethought____hemightfailintheexamworriedhim.

A.whenB.whichC.whatD.that

8.Theorder____theprisonerbesetfreearrivedtoolate.

A.whichB.whetherC.thatD.whatDC9.Thenursesaretryingtheirbesttoreducethepatient'sfear____hewoulddieofthedisease.

A.thatB.asC.ofwhichD.whichA10.Heoftenaskedmethequestion____theworkwasworthdoing.

A.whetherB.whereC.thatD.when

A11.Alongwiththeletterwashispromise____hewouldvisitmethiscomingChristmas.A.whichB.thatC.whatD.whetherB13.Luckily,we'dbroughtaroadmapwithout____wewouldhavelostourway.A.itB.thatC.thisD.which14.Doyouhaveanyidea___isactuallygoingonintheclassroom?A.thatB.whatC.asD.whichDB15.Oneofthemenheldtheview___thebooksaidwasright.A.thatB.whatthatC.thatwhatD.whether

that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明view;what引導(dǎo)主語(yǔ)從句并在同位語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。C16.Astorygoes____ElizabethIofEnglandlikednothingmorethanbeingsurroundedbycleverandqualifiednoblemenatcourt.(04,上海）

A.whenB.whereC.whatD.thatD17.Thereisanewprobleminvolvedinthepopularityofprivatecars___roadconditionsneed____.(03,上海）

A.that;tobeimprovedB.which;tobeimprovedC.where;improvingD.when;improvingA18.Thereisafeelinginme_____we’llneverknowwhataUFOis—notnever.A.thatB.whichC.ofwhichD.whatA19.Ihavenoidea____wecanspendourholiday.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.whatA20.Thenews____hetoldusyesterdayisnottrue,butthenews____ourteamhaswonthematchistrue.A./;thatB.that;/C.that;whichD.that;whoA

Pickuponenumberandfinishthetaskinit,thenyoucangetsomepoints.GameTime!1.Thesuggestionthatshehasputforwardisverygood.

2.Thesuggestionthatwecleantheclassroombyturnsisverygood.判斷：名詞性從句\定語(yǔ)從句名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句23一、Fillintheblanks1.____________thefactorypoursintotheairisharmfultoourhealth.2.________issaidthatbillionsofyuanhasbeenspentontheShanghaiExpo3.Whyhepreventedothersfromenteringthehousewas___________hisonlyhenwaslayingeggsinthehouseWhatItthatThenewsthat30personsdiedinthebigfireinSichuanbroughtChinesegreatsadness.News,broughtChinesegreatsadness.Makeasentence530peopledie,thebigfireinSichuan.二、單句填空

Itisobvioustothestudents____theyshouldgetwellpreparedfortheirfuture.2._____wasmostimportanttoher,shetoldme,washerfamily.3._______isknowntousallisthatthe2022OlympicGameswilltakeplaceinTokyo.thatWhatWhat565.Itisuncertain______sideeffectthemedicinewillbringabout，althoughabouttwothousandpatientshavetakenit.6._________hewilljoinuswon’tmaketoomuchdifference.7.___isawonderthathedidn’tfail.8.______theywillcomehasn’tbeenmadepublic.9._____thishappenedisnotcleartoanyone.10It’snosurprise____ourteamshouldhavewonthegame.whatWhetherItWhenHowthat判斷：名詞性從句\定語(yǔ)從句1.Thepossibilitythatyoureferredtodoesn’texistatall.2.ThereisastrongpossibilitythatwemaybeinFranceforthenextweek.名詞性從句定語(yǔ)從句2

thecatdomade

Whatthecatdidmadethebabycry.WhatcryMakeasentence51.TwothirdsofallgirlsinChinaareonadiet.2.Thefactworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.JointwosentencesintoonenounclauseThefactthattwothirdsofallgirlsinChinaareonadietworriestheirparentsandteachersalot.3完成句子61.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)她考試成績(jī)會(huì)很好。____________________shewilldowellinherexam.2聽(tīng)說(shuō)他已經(jīng)結(jié)婚了。_____________he’sgotmarried.ThereisnodoubtthatIt’ssaidthatTranslatethesentence*_______________________________(他們很需要幫助)isquiteclear.Thattheyarebadlyinneedofhelp31.他犯了一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤，這很奇怪。_________________heshouldhavemadeamistake.2.她去了哪兒，還不知道。

_________________isnotknownyet.3.他為什么做那件事將永遠(yuǎn)是個(gè)謎團(tuán)。____________willremainapuzzleforever.WhyhediditItwasstrangethatWhereshehasgone完成句子91.Thenews_______wewonthecompetitionisveryencouraging.2.Ihavenoidea______hashappenedtohim.用that\what填空whatthat2

1.___________theyaretalkingaboutistheuseofcellphone.

4.______somepeopleregardasadrawbackisseenasaplusbymanyothers.Fillintheblanks2WhatWhat*

Ifwewillgooutingtomorrowhasn’tbeendecidedyet.×Correctornot?Whetherwewill………….decidedyet.Payattention:放在名詞性從句句首，表示“是否”，只能用whether,不能用if2

×Correctornot?Payattention:注意虛擬語(yǔ)氣在名詞性從句中的使用！在Itisnecessary\important\natural\...that…句型中，從句的謂語(yǔ)要用should+do

的形式Itisimportantthatweshouldfinish…..*Itisimportantthatwewillfinishtheworkontime.2

×Correctornot?Payattention:由that引導(dǎo)的主語(yǔ)從句放在句首，that不能省略。Thathewillgiveup………*Hewillgiveuphisjobsurprisesallofus.2Translatethesentence*_______________________________（她是否和我們?nèi)ィ﹊snotcertain.Whethershewillgowithus

3

×Correctornot?Payattention:同位語(yǔ)從句的that不能省略。Heexpressedhishopethathewould....*HeexpressedhishopehewouldvisitChinaagain.2_____makesthisshopdifferentisthatitoffersmorepersonalservices.4.____isourbeliefthatimprovementsinhealthcarewillleadtoastrongerandmoreprosperouseconomy.填空練習(xí)WhatIt21______isrequiredintheregulationsthatyoushouldnottellotherpeoplethepasswordofyoure-mailaccount.2.Ourclubisopentoadultsonly.______seemsthatyourchildrenhaveenteredwithoutpermission.ItIt填空練習(xí)21._____hesolvedthedifficultproblemsoquicklyisstillunknown.2._____and_______weholdourChristmaspartywillbesoonannounced.3._____h