當(dāng)代物流學(xué)第一講

當(dāng)代物流學(xué)第一講第一頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日LessononelogisticsandthesupplychainKeywordsChannelintermediariesCosttrade-offsEconomicutilityFIFOFOBoriginFOBdestinationPricingsystemsFormutilityFreightabsorptionLandedcosts第二頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日LIFOMarketingchannelPhantomfreightPlaceutilityReverselogisticsSupplychainStock-keepingunitsStockoutsSystemsapproachTimecostapproach第三頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Partone:economicimpactsoflogisticsOne:whileabsoluteandrelativeinlogisticscostsinrelationtoGDPvaryfromcountrytocountry,logisticsismostdefinitelyanimportantpartinacountry’seconomyTwo:logisticscanalsoplayanimportantroleinanation’sgrowthanddevelopment,particularlyimprovementsintransportationefficiency第四頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日

Three:theeconomicimpartsoflogisticscanaffectsindividualconsumerssuchasyou,theseimpartscanbeillustratedthroughtheconceptofeconomicutilitywhichisthevalueorusefulnessofaproductinfulfillingcustomerneedsorwants第五頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Parttwo:logistics:whatitisOne:someofthetermsusedtorefertobusinesslogisticshaveincludedthefollowingBusinesslogisticsDistributionIndustrialdistributionLogisticsLogisticsmanagementMaterialsmanagementPhysicaldistributionSupplychainmanagement第六頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Two:themeaningoflogisticsClm:logisticsisthatpointofthesupplychainprocessthatplans,implement,andcontrolstheefficient,effectiveforwardandreverseflowandstorageofgoods,services,andrelatedinformationbetweenthepointoforiginandthepointofconsumptioninordertomeetcustomers’requirement第七頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Partthree:theincreasedimportantoflogisticsOne:areductionineconomicregulationTwo:recognitionbyprominentnow-logisticsThree:technologicaladvancesFour:thegrowingpowerofretailersFive:globalizationoftrade第八頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Partfour:thesystemandtotalcostapproachtologistics

One:thesystemapproachindicationthatacompanyisobjectivescanberealizedbyrecognizingthemutualinterdependenceofthemajorfunctionalareasofthefirm,suchasmarketing,production,finance,andlogistics第九頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Oneimplicationofthesystemsapproachisthatthegoalsandobjectivesofthemajorfunctionalareasshouldbecompatiblewiththecompany’sgoalsandobjectives.ThismeansthatonelogisticssystemdoesnotfitallcompaniessincegoalsandobjectivesvaryfromonefirmtoanotherAselectimplicationisthatdecisionsmadebyonefunctionalareashouldconsiderthepotentialimplicationuponotherfunctionalareas.第十頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Partfive:logisticsrelationshipwithinthefirmFinance:Thelogisticsdevelopmentregularlyinterfaceswiththefinancearea,inpartbecauselogisticaldecisionsareonlyasgoodasthequalityofcostdatawithwhichtheyareworking.第十一頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日MarketingContemporarymarketingplacesheavyemphasisoncustomersatisfaction,andlogisticsstrategiescanfacilitatecustomersatisfactionthroughreducingthecostofproducts,whichcantranslateintolowerpricesaswellasbringingabroadervarietyofchoicesclosertowherethecustomerwishestobuyorusetheproductsLogisticsstrategiesofferauniquewayforacompanytodifferentiateitselfamongconpetiters,andlogisticsnowoffersanimportantrouteformanyfirmstocreatemarketingsupervionty第十二頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日

4p:placedecisionpricedecisionproductdecisionpromotiondecision第十三頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日ProductionPerhapsthemostcommoninterfacebetweenproductionandlogisticsinvolvesthelengthofproductionrunsIncreasingutilizationofthepostponementconceptalsoinfluencetheinterfacebetweenproductionandlogistics第十四頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日MarketingchannelsMarketingchannelcanbeviewsassetsofinterdependentorganizationinvolvedintheprocessofmakingaproductorserviceavailableforuseorconsumption第十五頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日

Themostsignificantcontributionthatthelogisticschannelmakestotheoverallchannelprocessisthesortingfunction,thisfunctioninvolvesrearrangingtheassortmentofproductsastheyflowthroughthechannelsthroughthecustomer,takinglargeblocksofsingleproductsandrearrangingthemintoquantities,assortments,andvarietiesthatconsumerprefer.第十六頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Thesortingfunctionhasfoursteps,andtheseareimportanttounderstandingtheconceptofgoodsflowingthroughthelogisticschannel.SortingoutissortingaheterogeneoussupplyofproductsintostocksthatarehomogeneousAccumulatingisbringingtogethersimilarstocksfromdifferentsourcesAllocatingisbreakingahomogeneoussupplyintosmallerlotsAssertingisbuildingupassortmentsofgoodsforresale,usuallytoretailcustomers第十七頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日OtherchannelsNegotiationchannelspromotionchannelfinancingchannel第十八頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日PartsixactivitiesinthelogisticalchannelCustomerserviceDemandforecastingInventorymanagementMaterialshandlingOrdermanagementPartsandservicesupportProductionschedulingProcurementReturnedproducts第十九頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日SalvageandscrapdisposeTransportationmanagementWarehousingmanagement第二十頁，共二十三頁，2022年，8月28日Partsevenlogisticscareer由于與物流重要性的日益提高，它已經(jīng)取得了真正的職業(yè)地位，物流領(lǐng)域中的許多專業(yè)