Unit 5 Discovering Useful Structures 學(xué)案-高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第二冊(cè)

Unit5MusicDiscoveringusefulstructures課型：新授課課時(shí)：1課時(shí)班級(jí):________姓名:________【教學(xué)目標(biāo)】1.Tobefamiliarwiththefunctionofpastparticiplesasthepredicativeandtheadverbial2.Tolearntoexpressfeelingsanddescribesituations3.Tousepastparticiplesfreelyintheircommunication【語(yǔ)法精講】過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)系動(dòng)詞類(lèi)型be動(dòng)詞（am，is，are）表感官（feel，look，smell，sound，taste）表似乎（seem，appear），系動(dòng)詞類(lèi)型be動(dòng)詞（am，is，are）表感官（feel，look，smell，sound，taste）表似乎（seem，appear），表變化（get，become，turn，grow，make，come，go，fall，run）表保持（remain，keep，stay，stand，lie）總是在系動(dòng)詞之后，構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài)或感受。例：1.Thestoreisnowclosed.商店已關(guān)閉了。2.Thenoveliswellwritten.這部小說(shuō)寫(xiě)得很好。二、用法1.過(guò)去分詞可放在連系動(dòng)詞be，get，feel，remain，seem，look，become等之后作表語(yǔ)，表示主語(yǔ)所處的狀態(tài),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞。例：(1)Tomwasastonishedtoseeasnakemovingacrossthefloor.(2)Finallythebabyfelttiredofplayingwiththosetoys.常見(jiàn)的作表語(yǔ)的形容詞有：amused,broken,closed,astonished,crowded,experienced,delighted,lost,gone,disappointed,worried,interested,tired,pleased,satisfied,surprised,married,known等。2.V-ed作表語(yǔ)，構(gòu)成的系表結(jié)構(gòu)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的區(qū)別:V-ed作表語(yǔ)，強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)的特點(diǎn)或狀態(tài)，相當(dāng)于形容詞;被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中，句子主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者，后面常跟by。例：Thelibraryisnowclosed．(狀態(tài))Thecupwasbrokenbymylittlesisteryesterday．(動(dòng)作)有些過(guò)去分詞（短語(yǔ)）源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表動(dòng)作而表狀態(tài)。bedressedin;belostin;bedevotedto;besupposedto;belocatedin;beburiedin;becomparedwith;beseated;bepreparedfor;bedeterminedtodo;betiredof;beabsorbedin;bebornin;beoccupiedin3.V-ed與V-ing作表語(yǔ)的區(qū)別：過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)多表示人自身的感受或事物自身的狀態(tài)，常譯作“感到……的”；現(xiàn)在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人……的”。Weare____________(interest)inthefilm./Thefilmis____________(interest)tous.Michellesounded__________(excite)tohearthenews./Thenewssounded__________(excite).三、即學(xué)即練1.______(seat)atthetable,myfatherandIweretalkingaboutmyjob.2._______(dress)inhermostbeautifulskirt,thegirltriedtomakeherself_______(notice)attheparty.3.WhenIfoundit,Iwasboth________(amaze)anddelighted.4._______________(disappoint)attheexaminationresults,thetopstudentsatthereinstonysilence.5.__________(devote)totheParty,theyoungsoldiergavehislifeforhiscountry.6.________(face)withadifficultsituation,Arnolddecidedtoaskhisbossforadvice.7.Whenheheardthe________(move)story,hewasdeeply__________(move).8.Fromthe______（please）expressiononhisfacewecanguesshehaspassedthedrivingtest.9.________(lost)intheforest,theboyburstintotears.10.Youmaybe_______(worry)ifyouhavea__________(worry)problem.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)過(guò)去分詞表示完成或被動(dòng)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生的背景或者情況，在意義上相當(dāng)于一個(gè)狀語(yǔ)從句，其省略的主語(yǔ)（邏輯主語(yǔ)）是主句的主語(yǔ)，且與主語(yǔ)之間存在被動(dòng)關(guān)系。過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)可以表示時(shí)間、條件、方式、原因、讓步等。過(guò)去分詞的否定式是將not放在其前面。1.時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)Lookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．→Whenitislookedatfromadistance,thepaintingseemsmuchmorebeautiful．2.原因狀語(yǔ)Doneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.→Becauseitwasdoneinahurry,hishomeworkwasfullofmistakes.3.條件狀語(yǔ)Givenmoretime,wewilldobetter.→Ifwearegivenmoretime,wewilldobetter.4.讓步狀語(yǔ)Evenifinvited,Iwillnottakepartintheparty.→EvenifIaminvited,Iwillnottakepartintheparty.5.方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)The

old

man

walkedinthepark,supportedbyhis

wife.→The

old

man

walkedintheparkandwassupportedby

his

wife.→→Summary:1.作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為when,while或after等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。2.作條件狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為if,once或unless等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。3.作原因狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為as,since或because等引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句。4.作方式或伴隨狀語(yǔ)，則可轉(zhuǎn)換為and并列結(jié)構(gòu)。5.作讓步狀語(yǔ)，可轉(zhuǎn)換為although,though或evenif等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句。二、注意事項(xiàng):1.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ):過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，過(guò)去分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，即表被動(dòng)?，F(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ):現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，現(xiàn)在分詞所表示的動(dòng)作與句子的主語(yǔ)之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，即表主動(dòng)。例：Seeingfromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.Seenfromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.2.過(guò)去分詞作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)，前面可帶有連詞，如：when,while,if,though,asif,unless,until等，以使句意表達(dá)得更清楚。例：Unlessconstantlyrepeated,theEnglishwordsareeasilyforgotten.Whenaskedwhyshecamehere,thegirlkeptsilent.3.有些過(guò)去分詞(短語(yǔ))來(lái)源于系表結(jié)構(gòu)，作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)不表示被動(dòng)而重在描述主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。這樣的過(guò)去分詞及短語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)的有:lost(迷失的),seated(坐),hidden(隱藏的),lost/absorbedin(沉浸于),dressedin(穿著)等。例：Lostinthought,hedidn'thearthebell.三、高考鏈接1.Nervously______(face)withchallenges,IknowIwillwhispertomyselfthetwosimplewords“Beyourself”.(2019高考北京卷改)2.Themanagerwassatisfiedtoseemanynewproducts___________(develop)aftergreateffort.(2014四川卷)3.Around13500newjobswerecreatedduringtheperiod,___________(exceed)theexpectednumberof12000heldbymarketanalysts.(2018江蘇卷)4._________(order)overaweekago,thebooksareexpectedtoarriveanytime.(2016北京卷)5.____________(absorb)inpainting,Johndidn’tnoticeeveningapproaching.(2015天津卷)四、鞏固練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①________(raise)inthepoorestareaofGlasgow,hehadalong,hardroadtobecomingafootballstar.②Children,when________________(accompany)bytheirparents,areallowedtoenterthestadium.③___________(found)intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildren’sloveofart.④_____________(translate)intoEnglish,th