大學(xué)英語四級和六級作文萬能模板

/大學(xué)英語四六級作文模版提綱式作文1．對立觀點(diǎn)式A．有人認(rèn)為X是好事，贊成X，為什么？B．有人認(rèn)為X是壞事，反對X，為什么？C．我的看法。SomepeopleareinfavoroftheideaofdoingX.Theypointoutthefactthat支持X的第一個原因。Theyalsoarguethat支持X的另一個原因。However,otherpeoplestandonadifferentground.TheyconsideritharmfultodoX.Theyfirmlypointoutthat反對X的第一個理由。Anexamplecangivethedetailsofthisargument:一個例子。Thereissometruthinbotharguments.ButIthinktheadvantagesofXoverweighthedisadvantages.Inadditiontotheabove-mentionednegativeeffectsitmightbringabout,XalsomayX的有一個壞處。2．批駁觀點(diǎn)式A．一個錯誤觀點(diǎn)。B．我不同意。Manypeoplearguethat錯誤觀點(diǎn)。Bysayingthat,theymean對這個觀點(diǎn)的進(jìn)一步解釋。Anexampletheyhavepresentedisthat一個例子。（AccordingtoasurveyperformedbyXonagroupofY,almost80%ofthem贊成這個錯誤觀點(diǎn)或者受到這個錯誤觀點(diǎn)的影響）。Theremightbesomeelementoftruthinthesepeople’sbelief.Butifweconsideritindepth,wewillfeelnoreservationtoconcludethat與錯誤觀點(diǎn)相反的觀點(diǎn)。Thereareanumberofreasonsbehindmybelief.(以下參照辯論文的議論文寫法)。3．社會問題（現(xiàn)象）式A．一個社會問題或者現(xiàn)象。B．產(chǎn)生的原因C．對社會和我們生活的影響D．如何杜絕。（如果是問題的話）E．前景的預(yù)測。Nowadays,thereexistsanincreasinglyserioussocial/economic/environmentalproblem.(Xhasincreasinglybecomeacommonconcernofthepublic).Accordingtoasurvey,調(diào)查內(nèi)容說明這種現(xiàn)象的情況。（或者是一個例子）。Thereareacoupleofreasonsboomingthisproblem/phenomenon.下面參照辯論式議論文的寫法。Xhascausedsubstantialimpactonthesocietyandourdailylife,whichhasbeenarticulated（表達(dá)）inthefollowingaspects.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。AdozenofmeasuresaresupposedtotaketopreventXfrombringingusmoreharm.參照辯論式議論文的寫法。Basedontheabovediscussions,Icaneasilyforecastthatmoreandmorepeoplewill……..寫作模板——圖表式作文Itisobviousinthegraph/tablethattherate/number/amountofYhasundergonedramaticchanges.Ithasgoneup/grown/fallen/droppedconsiderablyinrecentyears(asXvaries).Atthepointof（接近）X1,Yreachesitspeakvalueof…(多少).Whatisthereasonforthischange?Mainlythereare…(多少)reasonsbehindthesituationreflectedinthegraphic/table.Firstofall,…(第一個原因).Moreimportantly,…(第二個原因).Mostimportantofall,…(第三個原因).Fromtheabovediscussions,wehaveenoughreasontopredictwhatwillhappeninthenearfuture.Thetrenddescribedinthegraph/tablewillcontinueforquitealongtime(ifnecessarymeasuresarenottaken括號里的使用于那些不太好的變化趨勢).寫作模板——辯論式議論文模版1Somepeoplebelieve(argue,recognize,think)that觀點(diǎn)1.Butotherpeopletakeanoppositeside.Theyfirmlybelievethat觀點(diǎn)2.Asforme,Iagreetotheformer/latteridea.Thereareadozenofreasonsbehindmybelief.Firstofall,論據(jù)1.Moreimportantly,論據(jù)2.Mostimportantofall,論據(jù)3.Insummary,總結(jié)觀點(diǎn).Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表決心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat預(yù)測.模版2PeopleholddifferentviewsaboutX.Somepeopleareoftheopinionthat觀點(diǎn)1,whileotherspointoutthat觀點(diǎn)2.AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latteropinionholdsmoreweight.Foronething,論據(jù)1.Foranother,論據(jù)2.Lastbutnottheleast,論據(jù)3.Toconclude,總結(jié)觀點(diǎn).Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表決心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat預(yù)測.模版3Thereisnoconsensus[k?n'sens?s]一致ofopinionsamongpeopleaboutX（爭論的焦點(diǎn)）。Somepeopleareoftheviewthat觀點(diǎn)1，whileotherstakeanoppositeside,firmlybelievingthat觀點(diǎn)2。AsfarasIamconcerned,theformer/latternotion（觀念）ispreferableinmanysenses.Thereasonsareobvious.Firstofall,論據(jù)1。Furthermore,論據(jù)2。Amongallofthesupportingevidences,oneisthestrongest.Thatis,論據(jù)3。Anaturalconclusionfromtheabovediscussionisthat總結(jié)觀點(diǎn)。Asacollegestudent,Iamsupposedto表決心.或Fromabove,wecanpredictthat預(yù)測常用句型：1．

表示原因

1）Therearethreereasonsforthis．2）Thereasonsforthisareasfollows．3）Thereasonforthisisobvious．4）Thereasonforthisisnotfartoseek．5）Thereasonforthisisthat．．．6）Wehavegoodreasontobelievethat．．．

例：Therearethreereasonsforthechangesthathavetakenplaceinourlife．Firstly，people’slivingstandardhasbeengreatlyimproved．Secondly，mostpeoplearewellpaid，andtheycanaffordwhattheyneedorlike．Lastbutnotleast，moreandmorepeopleprefertoenjoymodernlife．

注：如考生寫第一個句子沒有把握，可將其改寫成兩個句子。如：Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinourlife．Therearethreereasonsforthis．這樣寫可以避免套用中的表達(dá)失誤。

2．表示好處

1）Ithasthefollowingadvantages．2）Itdoesusalotofgood．3）Itbenefitsusquitealot．4）Itisbeneficialtous．5）Itisofgreatbenefittous．

例：Booksarelikefriends．Theycanhelpusknowtheworldbetter，andtheycanopenourmindsandwidenourhorizons．Therefore，readingextensivelyisofgreatbenefittous．

3．表示壞處

1）Ithasmoredisadvantagesthanadvantages．2）Itdoesusmuchharm．3）Itisharmfultous．

例：However，everythingdividesintotwo．Televisioncanalsobeharmfultous．Itcandoharmtoourhealthandmakeuslazyifwespendtoomuchtimewatchingtelevi-sion．

4．表示重要、必要、困難、方便、可能

1）Itisimportant（necessary，difficult，convenient，possible）forsb．todosth．2）Wethinkitnecessarytodosth．

3）Itplaysanimportantroleinourlife．

例：Computersarenowbeingusedeverywhere，whetherinthegovernment，inschoolsorinbusiness．Soon，computerswillbefoundineveryhome，too．WehavegoodreasontosaythatcomputersareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinourlifeandwehavesteppedintotheComputerAge．

5．表示措施

1）Weshouldtakesomeeffectivemeasures．2）Weshouldtryourbesttoovercome（conquer）thedifficulties．3）Weshoulddoourutmostindoingsth．4）Weshouldsolvetheproblemsthatweareconfronted（faced）with．

例：Thehousingproblemthatweareconfrontedwithisbecomingmoreandmoreserious．Therefore，wemusttakesomeeffectivemeasurestosolveit．

6．表示變化1）Somechangeshavetakenplaceinthepastfiveyears．2）Agreatchangewillcertainlybeproducedintheworld’scommunications．3）Thecomputerhasbroughtabout（導(dǎo)致）manychangesineducation．

例：Somechangeshavetakenplaceinpeople’sdietinthepastfiveyears．Themajorreasonsforthesechangesarenotfartoseek．Nowadays，moreandmorepeopleareswitchingfromgraintomeatforprotein，andfromfruitandvegetabletomilkforvitamins．

7．表示事實(shí)、現(xiàn)狀

1）Wecannotignorethefactthat．．．2）Noonecandenythefactthat．．．3）Thereisnodenyingthefactthat．．．4）Thisisaphenomenonthatmanypeopleareinterestedin．5）However，that’snotthecase．

例：Wecannotignorethefactthatindustrializationbringswithittheproblemsofpollution．Tosolvetheseproblems，wecanstartbyeducatingthepublicaboutthehazards（危害）ofpollution．Thegovernmentonitspartshouldalsodesignstricterlawstopromoteacleanerenvironment．

8．表示比較

1）ComparedwithA，B．．．2）IprefertoreadratherthanwatchTV．3）Thereisastrikingcontrastbetweenthem．

例：Comparedwithcars，bicycleshaveseveraladvantagesbesidesbeingaffordable．Firstly，theydonotconsumenaturalresourcesofpetrol（石油）．Secondly，theydonotcausethepollutionproblem．Lastbutnotleast，theycontributetopeople’shealthbygivingthemduephysicalexercise．

9．表示數(shù)量

1）Ithasincreased（decreased）from．．．to．．．2）Thepopulationinthiscityhasnowincreased（decreased）to800，000．

3）TheoutputofJulyinthisfactoryincreasedby15％comparedwiththatofJanuary．

例：Withtheimprovementofthelivingstandard，theproportion（比例）ofpeople’sincomespentonfoodhasdecreasedwhilethatspentoneducationhasincreased．

再如：Fromthegraphlistedabove，itcanbeseenthatstudentuseofcomputershasincreasedfromanaverageoflessthantwohoursperweekin1990to20hoursin2000．

注：“Fromthegraphlistedabove，itcanbeseenthat”見句式12。考生將句式9和句式12結(jié)合在一起，便可較好地寫出2002年6月CET－4、6短文寫作的第一段。

10．表示看法

1）Peoplehave（take，adopt，assume）differentattitudestowardssth．2）Peoplehavedifferentopinionsonthisproblem．3）Peopletakedifferentviewsof（on）thequestion．4）Somepeoplebelievethat．．．Othersarguethat．．．例：Peoplehavedifferentattitudestowardsfailure．Somebelievethatfailureleadstosuccess．

Everyfailuretheyexperiencetranslatesintoagreaterchanceofsuccessattheirrenewedendeavor．However，othersareeasilydiscouragedbyfailuresandputthemselvesintothecategory（種類）oflosers．

再如：Doluckynumbersreallybringgoodluck？Differentpeoplehavedifferentviewsonit．

注：一個段落有時很適宜以問句開始，考生應(yīng)掌握這一寫作方法。

11．表示結(jié)論

1）Inshort，itcanbesaidthat．．．2）Itmaybebrieflysummedupasfollows．3）Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove，wecancometotheconclusionthat．．．

例：Fromwhathasbeenmentionedabove，wecancometotheconclusionthatexaminationisnecessary，however，itsmethodshouldbeimproved．注：例句1可用于任何一個段落的結(jié)論句；例句3則多用文章結(jié)論段的第一句。

12．套語1）It’swellknowntousthat．．．2）Asisknowntous，．．．3）Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedabout．4）Fromthegraph（table，chart）listedabove，itcanbeseenthat．．．5）Asaproverb（諺語）says，“Wherethereisawill，thereisaway．例如：Asiswellknowntous，itisimportantforthestudentstoknowtheworldoutsidecampus．

Thereasonforthisisobvious．Nowadays，thesocietyischanginganddevelopingrapidly，andthecampusisnolongeran“ivorytower．Ascollegestudents，wemustgetintouchwiththeworldoutsidethecampus．Onlyinthiswaycanweadaptourselvestothesocietyquicklyafterwegraduate．

再如：Doesitpaytobehonest？Thisisatopicthatisbeingwidelytalkedaboutanddifferentpeoplehavedifferentopinionsonit．

詞匯復(fù)習(xí)題1.D

2.B

3.B

4.C

5.B6.D

7.C

8.C

9.A

10.B11.C

12.A

13.C

14.C

15.C16.meanings17.morphological,historical,usages18.semantics,lexicography19.diachronic20.vocabulary21derivation22aaaposition,compounds23.Conversion24Blending(pormanteau)25.clipping1.Accordingtothedegreeofsimilarity,homonymscanbeclassifiedinto(

)A.perfecthomonyms

B.homonymsC.homophones

D.alltheabove2.Transferasamodeofsemanticchangecanbeillustratedbytheexample(

)A.adfor“advertisement”

B.dishfor“food"C.fondfor“affectionate”

D.aneditorialfor“aneditorialarticle"3.Itisageneralbeliefthatthemeaningdoesnotexistintheworditself,butitratherspreadsover(

)A.thereader’sinterpretation

B.theneighbouringwordsC.thewriter'sintention

D.theetymologyoftheword4.Whichofthefollowingisaprefixoftimeandorder?A.extra-

B.pro-C.re-

D.semi-5.Whichofthefollowingdictionariesisnotaspecializeddictionary?A.TheOxfordDictionaryofEnglishEtymologyB.Chamber'sEncyclopedicEnglishDictionaryC.LongmontDictionaryofPhrasalVerbsD.Webster'sNewDictionaryofSynonyms6.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNottrue?A.Referenceistherelationshipbetweenlanguageandtheworld.B.Therelationshipbetweenawordanditsreferentisarbitrary.

C.Conceptisuniversaltoallmenalike.D.Sensedenotestherelationshipsoutsidethelanguage.7.Thewordswhichoccurbeforeorafterawordandmayaffectitsmeaningform(

)

A.physicalcontext

B.grammaticalcontext

C.lexicalcontext

D.linguisticcontext8."Smithisanarchitect.HedesignedWorld

A.definition

B.explanationC.example

D.hyponym9.Theterm"vocabulary"isusedindifferentwaysbecauseofallthefollowingreasonsEXCEPTthat(

)

A.itcanrefertothecommoncoreofalanguageB.itcanrefertothetotalnumberofthewordsinalanguage

C.itcanrepresentallthewordsusedinacertainhistoricalperiod

D.itcanstandforwordsingivendialectorfield10.Theidiom"adarkhorse"isa(

)

A.simile

B.metaphorC.metonymy

D.personification11.Anidiomdiffersfromafreephraseinthattheformeris(

)andthelatterisnot.

A.structurallychangeable

B.semanticallyanalyzableC.structurallyfixed

D.easilyunderstood12.Wecanworkoutthemeaningofheliocentricandgeocentricaccordingto(

)

A.morphologicalstructure

B.relevantdetails

C.grammaticalstructure

D.physicalcontext13.Whatcausestheambiguityofthesentence”IlikeMarybetterthanJanet"?(

)

A.Vocabulary

B.Situation

C.Structure

D.Noneoftheabove14.EarlyModernEnglishreferstothelanguagespoken(

)

A.from1066to1500

B.from1150to1500

C.from1500to1700

D.from1600to180015.Affixesaddedtotheendofwordstoindicategrammaticalrelationshipsareknownas(

)

A.boundroots

B.freemorphemesPartTwoDirections:Completethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsorexpressions16.Lexicologyisabranchoflinguistics,inquiringintotheoriginsand___ofwords.17.Englishlexicologyaimsatinvestigatingandstudyingthe________structuresofEnglishwordsandwordequivalents,theirsemantics,relations,__development,formationand_____.Englishlexicologyembracesotheracademicdisciplines,suchasmorphology,____,etymology,stylistics,____Therearegenerallytwoapproachestothestudyofwords,namelysynchronicand____.Languagestudyinvolvesthestudyofspeechsounds,grammarand______.21.Affixationisgenerallydefinedastheformationofwordsbyaddingword-formingorderivationalaffixestostem.Thisprocessisalsoknownas____22aaapounding,alsocalled______,istheformationofnewwordsbyjoiningtwoormorestems.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalled_______.23._______istheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.24.________istheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsorawordplusapartofanotherword.Wordsformedinthiswayarecalledblendsor___words.25Acommonwayofmakingawordistoshortenalongerwordbycuttingapartofftheoriginalandusingwhatremainsinstead.Thisiscalled____26.dictionary:Dictionaryisabookwhichpresentsinalphabeticalorderthewordsofalanguage,withinformationastotheirspelling,pronunciation,meaningusage,etc.27.pejoration:Degradationorpejorationofmeaningistheoppositeofsemanticelevation.Itisaprocesswherebywordsofgoodoriginfallintoillreputationornon-affectivewordscometobeusedinderogatorysense.28.idiomsnominalinnature:1.Eachidiomhasanounasthekeyword.2.Eachfunctionsasanoun/alsoknowsasnounidioms.29.Germanic:atermusedtorefertoabranchoftheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily,whichconsistsofEnglish,German,Dutch,etc.30.allomorph:oneofthevariantsthatrealizeamorpheme.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.31.Howdoyoudistinguishinflectionalaffixesandderivationalaffixes?Derivationalaffixeschangethemeaningofthebase(e.g.,createvs.creat-ive),whileinflectionalaffixesdonot(e.g.,waitvs.wait-ed).32.Analyzethemorphologicalstructuresofthefollowingwordsandpointoutthetypesofthemorphemes:unfriendly,interpersonal,foretelling.1.Eachofthethreewordsconsistsofthreemorphemesunfriendly(un+friend+ly),interpersonal(inter+person+al),foretelling(fore+tell+ing).2.Alltherestareboundasnoneofthemcanstandaloneaswords.1.B2.D3.A4.B5.A6.D7.B8.D9.D10.B11.B12.C13.A14.B15.C16D17.A18.G19.H20.J21.I22.E23.B24.F25.C1.Degradationcanbeillustratedbythefollowingexample[]A.lewd→ignorantB.silly→foolishC.last→pleasureD.knave→boy2.Homophonesareoftenemployedtocreatepunsfordesiredeffectsof:[]A.humourB.sarcasmC.ridiculeD.alltheabove3.Thefourmajormodesofsemanticchangeare_____.[]A.extension,narrowing,elevationanddegradationB.extension,generalization,elevationanddegradationC.extension,narrowing,specializationanddegradationD.extension,elevation,ameliorationanddegradation4.Theuseofonenameforthatofanotherassociatedwithitisrhetoricallycalled_____.[]A.synecdocheB.metonymyC.substitutionD.metaphor5.Idiomsadjectivalinnaturefunctionas_____.[]A.adjectivesB.attributesC.modifiersD.words6.Grammaticalcontextrefersto_____inwhichawordisused.[]A.vocabularyB.grammarC.semanticpatternD.syntacticstructure7.Intheidiom'ingoodfeather',wechange'good'into'high,full'withoutchangingmeaning.

Thischangeofconstituentisknownas_____.[]A.additionB.replacementC.position-shiftingD.variation8.Theword"laconic"is_____.[]A.onomatopoeicallymotivatedB.morphologicallymotivatedC.semanticallymotivatedD.etymologicallymotivated9.CCELDisdistinctiveforits_____.[]A.cleargrammarcodesB.languagenotesC.usagenotesD.extracolumns10.WhichofthefollowingwordsisNOTformedthroughclipping?[]A.DormB.motelC.GentD.Zoo11.OldEnglishhasavocabularyofabout_____words.[]A.30,000to40,000B.50,000to60,000C.70,000to80,000D.80,000to90,000

12._____areboundmorphemesbecausetheycannotbeusedasseparatewords.[]A.RootsB.StemsC.AffixesD.Compounds

13.BesidesFrenchwords,Englishalsoabsorbedasmanyas2,500wordsof_____intheMiddleEnglishperiod.[]A.DutchoriginB.DanishoriginC.LatinoriginD.Greekorigin14.Awordisasymbolthat_____.[]A.isusedbythesamespeechcommunityB.representssomethingelseintheworldC.isbothsimpleandcomplexinnatureD.showsdifferentideasindifferentsounds15.Somewordsinthebasicwordstockaresaidtobestablebecausethey_____.[]A.arecomplexwords.B.aretechnicalwordsC.refertothecommonestthingsinlife.D.denotethemostimportantconcepts.Directions:MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto1)typesofmotivation2)typesofmeaning.16.Onomotopooeicmotivation17.Collocativemeaning18.Morphologicalmotivation19.Connotativemeaning25.Appreciativemeaning21.Stylisticmeaning22.Etymologicalmotivation23.Pejorative24.Conceptualmeaning20.SemanticmotivationA.tremblewithfearB.skinnyC.slenderD.hissE.laconicF.sun(aheavenlybody)G.airmailH.homeI.horseandplugJ.penandaword26.Translationloan:Translation-loansarewordsandexpressionsformedfromtheexistingmaterialintheEnglishlanguagmodellonthepatternstakenfromanotherlanguage.Clipping:isawayofmakingnewwordswhichinvolvestheshorteningalongerwordbycuttingapartofftheoriginalandusingwhatremainsinstead.Connotation:Conversionistheformationofnewwordsbyconvertingwordsofoneclasstoanotherclass.Aliens:areborrowedwordswhichhaveretainedtheiroriginalpronunciationandspelling.Extra-linguisticcontext:referstothosesituationsandfeatureswhicharenotdirectlyapartofthelanguageinusebutwhicheithercontributeinconveyingamessageorhaveaninfluenceonlanguageuse.英語詞匯學(xué)試卷(課程代碼0832)第一部分選擇題I.Eachofthestatementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers．Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebracket．(30％)1．Therearetwoapproachestothestudyofpolysemy．Theyare_____.A．primaryandsecondaryB．centralandperipheralC．diachronicandsynchronicD．formalandfunctional[C]2．WhichofthefollowingisNOTastylisticfeatureofidioms?A．ColloquialB．SlangC．NegativeD．Literary[C]3．Synonymscanbeclassifiedintotwomajorgroups，thatis：_____.A．a(chǎn)bsoluteandrelativeB．a(chǎn)bsoluteandcompleteC．relativeandnearDaaapleteandidentical[A]4．IntheearlyperiodofMiddleEnglish，English，____existedsidebyside，A．CelticandDanishB．DanishandFrenchC．LatinandCelticD．FrenchandLatin[D]5．Amonomorphemicwordisawordthatconsistsofasingle_______morpheme．A．formalB．ConcreteC．freeD．bound[C]6．WhchofthefollowinggroupsofwordsisNOTonomatopoeicallymotivated?A，croak，drumB．squeak，bleatC．buzz，neighD．bang，trumpet[A]7．LDCEisdistinctiveforits____.A．CleargrammarcodesB．usagenotesC．languagenotesD．a(chǎn)lloftheabove[D]8．Fromthehistoricalpointofview,EnglishismorecloselyrelatedtoA．GermanB．FrenchC．ScotttishD．Irish[A]9．WhichofthefollowingisNOTanacronym?A．TOEFLB．ODYSSEYC．BASICD．CCTV[B]10.Inthecoursebook，theauthorlists____typesofcontextcluesforinferringwordmeaning．A．eightB．sixC．sevenD．five[A]11．Sourcesofhomonymsinclude____.A．changesinsoundandspellingB．borrowingC．shorteningD．a(chǎn)lloftheabove[D]12．ThewrittenformofEnglishisa(an)________representationofthespokenform．A．selectiveB．a(chǎn)dequateC．imperfectD．natural[C]13．Structurallya____isthesmallestmeaningfulunitofalanguage．A．morphemeB．stemC.stemordDaaapound[A]14．Unlikeaffixes，____areoftenfreemorphemes．A．sufrixesB．prefixesC．inflectionalmorphemesD．roots[D]15．ThefourmajorforeigncontributorstotheEnglishvocabularyinearliertimeswereFrench.Latin，____.A．ScandinavianandItalianB．GreekandScandinavianC．CelticandGreekD．ItalianandSpanish[B]第二部分非選擇題BⅡaaapletetherollowingstaternentswithproperwordsorexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook．16．Thenamegiventothewideningofmeaningwhichsomewordsundergois____.17．LongmanlexiconofContemporaryEnglishisa____dictionary．18．Whenanewwordappearsforthefirsttime，theauthorusuallymanagestogivehintsor____inthecontexttohelpthereaders．19．Radiationand____arethetwocoinageswhichthedevelopmentofwordmeaningfollowsfrommonosemytopolysemy．20．MiddleEnglishreferstothelanguagespokenfrom1150to____.Ⅲ．MatchthewordsorexplessionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingto1)wordOrigin，2)wordformation.and3)typesofSynonymsorantonyms．()21．skill()22．babysit()23．Telequiz()24aaaposition／compounding()25．government()26．same／different()27．gent()28．English()29．change／alter()30．big／smallA．back—formationB．blendlngC．FrenchoriginD．SCandinavianoriginE．clippingF.relativesynonymG.GermanicH．a(chǎn)bsolutesynonymsI.contradictorytermsJ．contrarytermsIV．Smdythefollowingwordsorexpressionsandidentify1)typesofboundmorphemesunderlined,2)typesofmeanings,3)processesofmeaningdevelopment，and4)forlnationofeompounds．31．neck→primarymeaning：thatpartofmanjoiningtheheadtOthebody；asecondarymeaning：thenarrowestpartofanything．()32．contradict()33．mother：love，care()34．upcoming()35．windowshopping()36．radlos()37．propertydeveloper()38．Candidate→earliermeaning：white-robed；latermeaning：apersonproposedforaplace，awardetc．()overcoat39．handsomo-tyoewhter()man40．northward()V.Definethefollowingterms.41.encyclopendia42.borrcwed43.blending44.extension45.phrasalverbVI.Answerthefollowingquestingquestions.YouranswersshouldbeClearandshort.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.46.whatisthedifferenceprefixationandsuffixation?Explainwithtwoexamples.47.whatisextra-linguisticcontext?48.whatispolysemy?Illustrateyourpoints.VII.Analyzeandcommentonthefollowing.Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow.49.Studythefollowingsentenceandtrytoguessthemeaningofthewordinitalics.Thenwhatcontextualhelpyoutoworkoutthemeaning.Carnivoresareverydangerous.Notlongago,atigerescapedfromthezooandkilledadoginThestreetandateit.50.Connotativemeaningisnotstable.Commentonthisstatementwithoneexample.I．EachOfthesmtementsbelowisfollowedbyfouralternativeanswers．Choosetheonethatwouldbestcompletethestatementandputtheletterinthebracket．1.C2.C3.A4.D5.C6.A7.D8.A9.B10.A11.D12.C13.A14.D15.BIICompletethefollowingstatementswithproperwordsOrexpressionsaccordingtothecoursebook．16．extension或generalization17．specialized18．clues19．concatenation20．1500III.MatchthewordsorexpressionsinColumnAwiththoseinColumnBaccordingtO1)wordorigin，2)wordformation，and3)typesofsynonymsorantonyms．21．D22．A23．B24．H25．C26．I27．E28．G29．F30．JIV．Studythefollowingwordsorexpressionsandidentify1)typesofboundmorphemesunderlined，2)typesofmeanings，3)processesofmeaningdevelopment，and4)formationofcompounds．31．radiation32．boundroot33．connotativemeaning34．a(chǎn)dv+v-ing35．n+v-ing36．inflectionalaffix／inflectionalmorpheme37．n+v-er3.concatenation39．collocativemeaning40．suffix／derivationalaffixV．Definethefollowingterms．41．Anencyclopediaprovidesencyclopedicinformationconcerningeachheadword；itisnotconcernedwiththelanguageperse.42．Borrowedwords,also，known，asloanwords，arewordstakenoverfromforeignlanguages．43．Itreferstotheformationofnewwordsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsorawordwithapartofanotherword．44．Extensionisaprocessbywhichawordwhichoriginallyhadaspecializedmeaninghasnowbecomegeneralized．45.idiomcomposedofaverbplusaprepositionand／oraparticle．VI.Answerthefollowingquestions．Youranswersshouldbeclearandshort．Writeyouranswersinthespacegivenbelow．46．Prefixationdoesnotgenerallychangetheword-classofthestem；itonlymodifiesitsmeaning.e.g．treat--maltreatSuffixation，On，theotherhand，changestheword-classinsteadofitsmeaning.e.g．employ——employer