2020年高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法專項(xiàng)突破訓(xùn)練專題09-動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)(含答案)

專九動(dòng)和詞短重點(diǎn)析對(duì)于動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，主要考查詞義辨析、動(dòng)詞的用法和搭配、一詞多義以及在具體語(yǔ)境中正使用動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)。要特別注意一些最常用的詞匯如get,make,have,以及與它們成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)等。一動(dòng)分一表行為動(dòng)詞(實(shí)動(dòng)詞)

動(dòng)詞的分類及物動(dòng)詞vt.)+賓語(yǔ)不及物動(dòng)詞

后不接賓語(yǔ)+介

例句Hesangaforus.HearrivedHearrivedinata.m.系動(dòng)詞

表人和事物的特征和狀態(tài)be,appear,look,sound,Heangry.smell,taste等表狀態(tài)變化become,get,go,turn,等表狀態(tài)的延續(xù)或持續(xù)keep,stay,remain等

ThefishwentHesilent.助動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞

be,have,do,shall,等不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，須與動(dòng)詞原形或Ihaveboughtacar.分詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)的各種形式can/could,may/might,shall/should,will/would,must,need,Hemaycometomorrow.dare等注：些動(dòng)詞是兼類詞。如Welunchat12.行動(dòng))/Wehaveto助動(dòng)詞二動(dòng)短構(gòu)一表動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成動(dòng)詞+副詞動(dòng)詞+介詞

示例break爆發(fā)agreewith同

例句TheAnti-JapaneseWarbrokeout1931.Iagreewiththatpoint.動(dòng)詞+副詞介

upwith想出；提出Icameupwithgoodidea.動(dòng)詞+名詞介動(dòng)詞+名詞

of利用takeplace發(fā)生

Youshouldmakefullofyourtime.Greatchangesaretakingplaceinour三常動(dòng)短歸常用動(dòng)詞come,keep,look,put,take,turn,get相關(guān)搭配1.comeabout發(fā)生；造成across偶然遇到after追；跟在…面along一走；趕快at向撲來(lái)from來(lái)自on跟；上演；趕快；加油out出；出版結(jié)果是(oneself)蘇醒；總共；達(dá)到；涉及

agreement達(dá)成協(xié)議aclose/anend終；結(jié)束life活過(guò)來(lái)light泄；發(fā)現(xiàn)mind想；回憶起thepoint講、寫文章等切要害the/one’srescue營(yíng)；幫助true實(shí)；變成現(xiàn)實(shí)upwith想；提出intobeing/existence出；開始形成；成立in進(jìn)；上市；流行起來(lái)；比中得名次insecond得第二2.goabout此處走動(dòng)goafter追趕；追捕；追求goahead前進(jìn)；說(shuō)吧；走吧；做(口goalloutsth.全以赴做事gobeyond超；超出…能力goby經(jīng)過(guò)通過(guò)；時(shí)間流逝goback追溯到；回顧godown下；下跌goinfor參與；從事；愛好

gointo進(jìn)；從事gooff離某地；爆炸goover復(fù)；超過(guò)期限；審閱；仔細(xì)查看goout熄；出去；過(guò)時(shí)gothrough穿過(guò)；經(jīng)受gotoofar太過(guò)分；走得太遠(yuǎn)gowith相配同詞match)gowell協(xié)調(diào)；相配gowrong出；發(fā)生故障goaround/round繞道；四處走動(dòng)；故、消息)傳；縈繞3.keepkeepaway不近；遠(yuǎn)離keepback向退；保留keepinmind記??；…記在心里keepinorder保整齊；使井井有keepintouchwith保持聯(lián)系keeponeears留細(xì)聽；傾聽

keeponeeyes留心；注意keepout不入內(nèi)；不要進(jìn)來(lái)keepout不參與；不牽涉進(jìn)去；置身事外keepquiet保安靜keepyourcourage鼓勇氣；保持勇氣keepwith跟keepoff不近；保持距離；避開；回(某題4.looklookabout/around四環(huán)顧lookafter照l(shuí)ook向前看；展望未來(lái)look看look回；回過(guò)頭看lookdownupon看不起lookdownonenoseat傲慢；輕視某人lookforwardto期lookinto調(diào)5.makesense說(shuō)通；有意義；言之有理up構(gòu)成upfor彌；補(bǔ)償upone’smind下決心；決定effortto/makeeffortsto努力；盡力oneself讓己被別人聽到goodsense/nosense有義沒(méi)義funof嘲；取笑aimpressiononsb.給人留下深刻印象6.putput放好；收起來(lái)putaside放一邊；暫時(shí)做；留出put放回原處put放；拒絕；寫下來(lái)putforward提出計(jì)、建議putoff推；延期；脫衣服putintouse投入使用putthrough做；完成；接通電=getthrough)

looklike看來(lái)像lookout(of)當(dāng)心；小心；向外看lookthrough瀏覽；看穿lookup仰視；查找字、電話本等lookupsb.尊lookupanddown上打量(某)lookto指望；寄望；依靠lookon袖旁觀lookover仔細(xì)檢查beof由組成構(gòu)tea/coffee泡/咖啡aliving某adifference有影響；有關(guān)系fullof充分利用excuses超口；辯解acontribution為做貢獻(xiàn)acomplaint提投訴puton穿；演putout撲滅；吹滅putup舉起；張貼putupwith忍；忍耐put’sheartinto全全投入putinprison投入監(jiān)獄putonweight增肥7.taketake拿；帶走take拿回來(lái)takeforB把A誤認(rèn)為是Btakepartin參加takeadvantageof利用takecareof照takechargeof負(fù)責(zé)；管理takeachance碰氣takeholdof抓??；掌握takenoticeof留心；注意8.turnturnagainst背叛；反對(duì)turnaround轉(zhuǎn)；轉(zhuǎn)過(guò)來(lái)turnup調(diào)聲；出現(xiàn)turndown調(diào)聲；拒絕turnon打開turnoff關(guān)掉turn…into…把變成9.getgetto習(xí)于getacross度；通過(guò)；說(shuō)服；使理解getof勝；超過(guò)geton/alongwell……相處融洽getawaywith僥逃脫；避免受罰getawayfrom拜get取回；回來(lái)；報(bào)復(fù)getdownto認(rèn)真對(duì)待；靜下心來(lái)getfamiliarwith熟getholdof獲；取得

taketheopportunityof抓機(jī)會(huì)taketheplaceof代替taketheof……的險(xiǎn)takeoff脫下；起飛takeup占時(shí)間、地方等；事于takein吸；欺騙takeinturn依takeashower沖takepridein=beproudof為感到驕傲turnin上交(=handin)turnouttobe結(jié)是；結(jié)是turnover翻；翻過(guò)turnto轉(zhuǎn)向；求助于turnright/left右左轉(zhuǎn)turn解；……打走turn折回getintotrouble陷入麻煩getintobadhabits染惡習(xí)getoff下geton上車getof從出來(lái)get越；克服getreadyfor…作準(zhǔn)備getof除去；去掉；免除；擺脫getthrough通；格；接通gettogether積；積累getup起；起立

get習(xí)慣于考練一短翻據(jù)句意將下列句子劃線部分的英文翻譯成中文。Strikingaproperbalancebetweenstudyandrestkeepsusenergetichealthydietisusefulaswell.(翻：_______________________)Theycan’tteachchildrenlearning,letaloneofferingtheirpsychologicalandmoraleducation.(翻：_______________________)Sothesocietyshouldpayspecialattentiontothissocialphenomenon.翻譯ItisainChinatohavesometeaorotherbeforetheis.翻譯_____________)Somepeoplesaythatthekeytothetheyneverworkandofcourseonlyenvyothers’success.翻：JustthefamoussayingbyEinsteingoes,is99%ofhardworkand1%ofthefortune.(譯：_______________________)Therefore,Iwishofusachievethroughourwork!翻：Besides,studyingabroadnotonlybroadentheirhorizonsbutalsotheirunderstandingoftheculturecustomsinthatcountry.譯_______________________)Iitdifficultforthemadapttonewenvironment.翻譯：______________________)10.itwouldbettertogoabroadaftertheyhavefinishedtheircollegeathome,whentheycapableoflearningandlivingontheirown翻_______________________)

areAsyouknow,takeprideinouroriginalhaircolorwefinewith翻：_________)Inopinion,thosewithdifferenthaircolors,turningablindeyeschoolrules,arenotlearningfromtheyjustwanttomakethemselvesnoticed.譯_______________________)13.Itisknowntousnowadaysmiddleschoolstudentsdiligentintheirstudiesoftheirmotherland.翻：_______________________)

forthepain,gains.ThereforeI’dliketosaytothose’dtocheatinexams,Getdowntoworknowand’tcheatyourselfmore.(翻譯_______________________)Thousandsoftreeshavebeendownyear,inreturnsoilisbecomingmoreandmorebarren(貧瘠的),theairisgettingandworse.譯：_______________________)Wearesupposedliveharmoniouswithnature.翻：_______________________)17.Iamwritingyoualetterinorderapplyforpositioninyourcompany.譯___________________)18.Liisverystrictwithherselfinherworkdailylife,andisalwaysreadyhelpother.(翻譯：_______________________)19.Myexperiencecanalsowellillustratetheimportanceofpraise翻：20.Itoputmyheartintostudy,listeningattentivelyinclassfinishingmyhomeworkontime.(翻譯：_______________________)21.Istronglysuggestthatallofustrytospotothers’pointsandnotbemeanwithpraise翻：_______________________)二語(yǔ)填讀下面短文在白處填入一個(gè)適的單詞或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Qiaoasixth-graderatYuhuiPrimarySchool.Heonly12years1hasbeensmokingforthreeyears.Liu,15,is2JuniorstudentatChicheng2School.He3(begin)fouryearsago.“Smokingisof”Liusaid.andLiuarenotthoseboysrealnames.theirproblem,smoking,averyrealproblem.Inmanycountries,smoking(become)abiggerproblemforyoungpeople.Mostsmokersstartintheirteens(yearsperson’sagefrom13to19)5(early).Astudy8,000BeijingstudentslastMaytoldusthatsmokingproblemformanyChinesekids.Morethan21%ofmiddleschoolstudents6%ofprimaryschoolpupilssmoked.“youngpeoplesmokingearly,theyprobablygetaddictednicotine.Andithardtogiveuplateron,”saidaprofessor.Everyyear,aboutfourmillionpeoplediebecausesmoking.Andifpeoplesmoking,thatnumber9(go)uptotenmillionayearbytheWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)says.10learnandtellothersaboutthedangersofsmoking.助詞teens十歲nicotinen.尼丁primaryschool小學(xué)

addictedadj.上癮的goup上到WorldHealthOrganization世衛(wèi)生組織三佳欣下面是一篇摘自全國(guó)英語(yǔ)高考書面表達(dá)的范文，文中有許多精彩且靈活的語(yǔ)言表達(dá)，其中也包含有動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，用心體會(huì)其用法。Deareditor,Fromthewehavereceivedwecanfindthefactthatlessfamiliesaresatisfiedwiththerelationshipbetweenchildrenandtheirparents.Only30%parentsaresatisfiedwiththeirrelationshiptheirchildren,fortheirchildrenareconsideratetoothers,diligentandeasytocommunicatewithabovealltheyhonestandrespecttheirparents.Thedemocraticatmosphereofthefamilythetimespentwiththemcontributethis.However,aboutparentsareunsatisfiedwiththeirrelationshipwiththeirchildren,sayingthattheirchildrenaredifficulttocommunicatewith.Whattheysometimestellliesanddonformahabitinlifestudy.Thereasonsareasfollowstheytoobusytocommunicatewiththeirchildrenthemind