初中現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)講解以及練習(xí)題

現(xiàn)在完時(shí)講解（1）構(gòu)成：現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)由助動(dòng)詞have+過分詞構(gòu)成，助動(dòng)詞有人稱和數(shù)的變化。第三人稱單數(shù)用has，其余用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的否定式直接在助動(dòng)詞后面加上not、疑問式是把助動(dòng)詞提到主語之前。以為，其否定式、疑問式和簡單回答形式如下：否定式Inot(haven’t)studiedYounot(haven’t)studiedHeasnot(hasn’t)studied….否定疑問式HaveInot’tstudied…?Havenot’tyou)studied…?Hashenot(Hasn’the)studied（2）用法：

疑式HaveIstudied…?Havestudied…?Hashestudied…?簡單回（定/定）Yes,have.youhavenYes,Ihave.’t.Yes,hehas.hasn現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)通常表示在話之前經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作或在的狀態(tài)。說話人強(qiáng)調(diào)的是該動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)對現(xiàn)在的結(jié)或。daughtergone我兒剛出去。I’msure’vemetbefore.我定我們以前見過面。arrived.她到了。表示持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，往往和包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，如recently,already,lately,for…,since等。如：I’theardfromherthese這些日子我沒有收到她的信。Wehaven’tseenrecently.最我們沒有見到你。beenawayfortwo他離開已經(jīng)兩年了。withsinceMonday.★注意：a)sincefor的別后時(shí)間點(diǎn)，如，timeItherefor后一段時(shí)間，表長達(dá)多，如tenyears,awhile,two等用since和for填JimbeeninIrelandhasinIrelandthreedays.auntinAustraliadays.Maryinheroffice.ShehasbeenthereIndiabeenan______1974.buslate.beenwaiting______20inthosehouses.beenemptyMikehasbeenillbeeninOctober.

）示短暫意義的動(dòng)詞如arrive,leave,buy,start,die等，在完成時(shí)當(dāng)中不能和表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，因?yàn)樗鼈儽硎镜膭?dòng)作不可能持續(xù)。因此，不能說：HecomeforTheoldfor4×leftonly×以上三句話可以改為：Hefor2weeks.Theoldfor_____onlyfor5minuteshave(has)been和have(has)的別示曾過某要“have(has)been表示“已去某”用(has)gone。比較：Wherehashe他剛才到哪里去了？（已經(jīng)回來了）Wherehashe他上哪兒去了？（人不在）beentoCanada.他到過加拿大在經(jīng)不在加拿大）Canada.他到加拿大去了能在路上和已經(jīng)到加拿大.）在完成時(shí)不能和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如yesterday,lastin1976,twodaysnow,whenIcamein但可以和already,yet,sometimes,often,lately,recently,twice,ever,never等用。例如：alreadycome.她已經(jīng)來了。I’treadit我還沒讀過這個(gè)。Ihavemethim我前曾見過他。Mabeena馬一直是個(gè)好學(xué)生。Ihaveseenhimthe我常在街上看見他。TheyhavenevertoYan’an.他從未去過延安。Iseen我來沒看到他。I.Fillthewiththeproperform.I____I________itweek.he(finish)hisworktoday?NotMyfather(come)istirednow.4.’sMing?__________totheteacheroffice.IsinceI______herein1999.farI_______________(make)aHow________Wangs______________(stay)?ForI________just(finish)my________(go)footevery10.____(find)yourbook11.Ifit(be)I'llgowith

12.____________teachercamein.13.Look!monkey(climb)tree.14.Mymother__________(come)seeme15.mypen.________itII.ChoosetheHowyouhere?comeB.gotC.arrivedbeenMy_________.ageofmy2B.for2yearsC.whenI2.mywas6.JanehasShewillbackbeenB.gonewentbeenItyearsIafterB.C.forD.thatwillstationtomeetLorry?--Iwill.I_____herseveralmetB.metmetD.willadress!How_____it?will,did,buyC.havinghad7.--DoyouLydiawell?--Yes,I_____sincewewereyoung.havemadeB.C.beenhave_______infor8beenlive--Hello,thisisMr.GreenI--______BainiaoPark.beentogoneC.wentwill10.everUS?--Have,goneHave,beenC,gowere,III.theIhavebeentoMacau改為否定句)I_________beentoMacauHe’ttohewasill.(劃線部分提問_______hecometoschool?Iboughbikejust用改Ianewbike.WebeganlearnEnglish改為同義句)

Wenever_______?（成反意疑問句）Theyhavesince(劃線部分提)_______havebeenoldmanlast_______fora(die)（詞填空）leftan(同句轉(zhuǎn))Misshas________anhourthequestionsIbeentherefor_______________________________________?Myhaslivedsince2000._________yourfatherlefthereyesterday.________he___________________?booktwo__________abook?“never,ever,yet,for,”tofilltheIhaveseensoIhavehim.Jackhasfinishedhishomework.Wanginyears.4.“Haveyou________seenthefilm?”“No,have________seen”5.thebusleft_______?“Yes,ithas_________left.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)練習(xí)題及答案一、翻譯下列句子：你曾經(jīng)吃過魚和薯?xiàng)l嗎？我剛丟了我的化學(xué)書。我前從來沒去過那個(gè)農(nóng)場。他經(jīng)吃過午飯你經(jīng)看過這部電影了嗎？我哥還沒回來。這字典我已買了三年了。他開中國三年了。我識(shí)他們五年了。10.他已去了美國五年了。11.自從他搬到濟(jì)寧，他就住這兒了。12.我妹成為一個(gè)大學(xué)生已經(jīng)三年。13.自1999年來他們就認(rèn)識(shí)。14.我到這個(gè)學(xué)校已年了。二、用since和for空

yearsago3.___lastmonth19995._______yesterday6._______4o4hours8._____anhourwerechildren10._____lunchtime11.____lefthere12.HehaslivedinNanjingyearbeforelast.13.’veknownhim______wewerechildren.14.teacherhasJapanesethree15.Shehasbeenthecityaboutyears.16.It’sboutyears__________sheleftcity.三、結(jié)束性動(dòng)詞轉(zhuǎn)換為以下延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或者表示可以延續(xù)的狀態(tài)的短語。①/in/to/sp/come//tosp→in/atschool/homeonthefarm/behere/betheretoBeijingfiveago.HeBeijingforImovedtotheUSAin2008.IthesinceIhomeyesterday.Ihomeforherelast___________since_____________.②cometo/goback/return→be→outtwoyears______________forWereturntoBeijingyesterday.We____________toBeijingsince__________.③→beIateacherinI________________ateacherfor_________________.Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_______dirtyfor_______________.④close→beclosedopen→openTheshopclosedago.shopfor_________________.Theopenedatsixindoor________for⑤→be；die→be；leave→/tot→beasleepfinish/end→over；→be；Iuphours_______________________.leftjust_____________Shanghaiforfiveminutes.Myin2002.Mygrandpa_______________.Thefinished____________________forsixhours.Itoagosince_________.in1990.________⑥/dosth.→sth.；→onIbegantoatinI____atschoolsince____.Thefilmtwoago.Thefilm________for____⑦→；lose→have；buy→；on→/a→acoldgettoknow→borroweditweek.since_____________.IatwoIfor_____________.

Itoknowhimlastyear.I___________himsinceIonglassesyearsI_________myglassesfor⑧have/hasgoneto→havebeeninHegoneBeijing.HeBeijingtwo⑨jointhe/Party/the→leaguePartymember/asoldier→ofleague/theParty→inthe/Party/thejoinedleaguein2002.Heaforyears.Heatheforyears.Hetheforyears.Mythearmytwoyearsago._________afor______________________in___________fortwo四、劃線提問Ibeentherefor_____________________________?Myhaslivedsince2000._________yourfatherlefthereyesterday.________he___________________?booktwo__________abook五、用been或have(has)填空。A:WhereLiB:HainanIsland.A:Howhethere?B:thereforA:Whenwillhedoknow?B:I’mafraidhewonrecently.A:tellwayHainanIsland?B:I_________A:How___________Li__________thatplace?B:thereonlyonce.六、用//in,have及go的種形式填空。WhereisJack?Hecountry.parkjustsincehecameback.

HowthisTheSmiths______for_____you____America?--Yes,IthereIthisschoolthreeyearsago.Whereis_____farm.When__________?_______anhourWouldyouto_____with---Yes,butI_____before.Where_____now?---Itothezoo.swimming._____you______therelastyear