教案句子結(jié)構(gòu)

教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)TheSentences知識(shí)重點(diǎn)：句子按使用的目的可分為四類：1、陳說(shuō)句2、疑問(wèn)句3、祈使句4、嘆息句從構(gòu)造上看句子可分為三種種類：1、簡(jiǎn)單句2、并列句3、復(fù)合句一、句子的種類（KindsofSentences）1、陳說(shuō)句：（1）必定句：Weloveourmotherland.我們熱愛(ài)祖國(guó)。（2）否認(rèn)句：Theydon’tgotoworkonSundays他.們禮拜日不上班。說(shuō)明：表達(dá)或否認(rèn)一個(gè)事實(shí)或見(jiàn)解。2、疑問(wèn)句：（1）一般疑問(wèn)句：Areyouaworker?你是個(gè)工人嗎？Yes,Iam.是的，我是工人。Haven’tyouseenthefilm?No,Ihaven’你t沒(méi).看過(guò)這部電影嗎？沒(méi)看過(guò)。說(shuō)明：以一個(gè)助動(dòng)詞，神態(tài)動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞be開(kāi)始的問(wèn)句?；卮鹨脃es或no。（2）特別疑問(wèn)句：Whoistheman?此人是誰(shuí)？WhendoyouwatchTV?你什么時(shí)間看電視？Whataretheydoingnow?他們此刻正在干什么？說(shuō)明：以一個(gè)疑問(wèn)代詞或疑問(wèn)副詞開(kāi)頭的句子一般要用倒裝句語(yǔ)序（或稱為疑問(wèn)詞加一般疑問(wèn)句）（3）選擇疑問(wèn)句：Doyouwantteaorcoffee?Eitherwilldo.你要茶水仍是要咖啡？哪一種都行。DoeshelearnJapaneseorFrench?HelearnsFrench他.學(xué)日語(yǔ)仍是學(xué)法語(yǔ)？他學(xué)法語(yǔ)。說(shuō)明：提出兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上的狀況，選擇一個(gè)作為答案。（4）反意疑問(wèn)句：Theyaregoingtotheairport,aren’tthey?他們要去機(jī)場(chǎng)，是嗎？Youhaven’tfinishedyourhomework,haveyou?你沒(méi)做完作業(yè)，是嗎？說(shuō)明：提出狀況或見(jiàn)解問(wèn)對(duì)方能否贊同。在陳說(shuō)句后附帶一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)潔的疑問(wèn)句，即前面句子必定，后為否認(rèn)；前面句子否認(rèn)，后為必定。Heseldomwenttobedatten,didhe?他極少在十點(diǎn)鐘上床睡覺(jué)？是嗎？1HeknowslittleRussian,doeshe?他幾乎不懂俄語(yǔ)，是嗎？說(shuō)明：當(dāng)陳說(shuō)句部分含有never,no,hardly,seldom,little等否認(rèn)意義的副詞時(shí)，附帶問(wèn)句用必定形式。（5）祈使句：a．陳說(shuō)句：Besuretogetthereateight.八點(diǎn)鐘必定要到那邊。b．否認(rèn)句：Don’tworry.I’llhelpyou別out擔(dān)憂.，我會(huì)幫助你的。說(shuō)明：表示命令，懇求，囑咐，呼吁等，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用原形。（6）嘆息句：what+n.：Whatgreatchangeswehavehadtheseyears!這幾年我們有了多么大的變化?。hatafinedayitis!多好的天呀！how+adj.：Howbraveheis!他多么英勇呀！how+adv.：Howhardtheyareworking!他們工作多努力呀！Howtimeflies!時(shí)間過(guò)得多么快呀！How+adj.+a(an)+n.Howniceaboy(heis)！=Whataniceboyheis!多么好的孩子啊！說(shuō)明：表示說(shuō)話時(shí)驚詫，愉悅，氣忿等情緒。what修飾名詞，how修飾形容詞、副詞或句子。二、句子的種類（TypesofSentences）1、簡(jiǎn)單句的句子的種類：一個(gè)主語(yǔ)+一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，例：Thegirlplaysthepianoeveryday.那女孩每日彈鋼琴。兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)+一個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，例：TomandIaregoodfriends.湯姆和我是好朋友。一個(gè)主語(yǔ)+兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)，例：Heopenedthedoorandleft.他翻開(kāi)門出去了。兩個(gè)主語(yǔ)或兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)或更多，例：MrandMrsSmithwenttothemarket,boughtsomefruitandvisitedtheirfriends.史密斯夫妻去市場(chǎng)，買了些水果，并探望了朋友。構(gòu)造特別：只含有一個(gè)詞或一個(gè)詞組，例：2Hello!喂！Help!Help!救命??！救命！Manythanks.萬(wàn)分感謝。2、簡(jiǎn)單句的基本句型（TheBasicSentencePatterns）句型構(gòu)造：（1）主語(yǔ)+不及物動(dòng)詞：S+Vi.，例：Birdsfly.鳥(niǎo)飛Theydisappeared.他們消逝了。（2）主+連系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)：S+V+P，例：Sheisauniversitystudent.她是一名大學(xué)生。Hehasbecomeapilot.他已成為一名飛翔員。（3）主+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)：S+Vt+O，例：Helikesswimming.他喜愛(ài)游泳。Wehelpeachother.我們相互幫助。（4）主+及物動(dòng)詞+間接賓語(yǔ)+直接賓語(yǔ)：S+Vt+O+O，例：Itoldmyfriendthegoodnews.我把好信息告訴了我的朋友。Theysentusatelegram.他們給我們拍了電報(bào)。（5）主+及物動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+補(bǔ)語(yǔ)：S+Vt+O+C，例：TheynamedtheboyJack.他們給孩子起名叫杰克。Iwanteverythingreadybyeighto我要’求clock全部.都要在八點(diǎn)前準(zhǔn)備好。注：S=Subject（主語(yǔ)）Vi=IntransitiveVerbs（不及物動(dòng)詞）Vt=TransitiveVerb（及物動(dòng)詞）P=Predicative（表語(yǔ)）O=Object（賓語(yǔ)）C=Complement補(bǔ)語(yǔ)重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)：否認(rèn)陳說(shuō)句要注意以下幾點(diǎn)：（1）否認(rèn)陳說(shuō)句主假如在必定句中加not或no(=nota/any)組成的，除not和no外，用擁有否認(rèn)意義的副詞也可組成否認(rèn)陳說(shuō)句。常用的詞有hardly,seldom,never,little,scarcely,barely,rarely等。（2）其余成分的否認(rèn)形式有些句子的構(gòu)造上屬于必定式，但含有否認(rèn)意義的詞，可分以下幾種。否認(rèn)的主語(yǔ)：Nobodywillagreewithyou.沒(méi)人贊同你的建議。Noneofthestudentslikethenovel.沒(méi)有學(xué)生喜愛(ài)這本小說(shuō)。NostudentherestudiesRussian.這里沒(méi)有一個(gè)學(xué)生學(xué)俄語(yǔ)。否認(rèn)的賓語(yǔ)：3Wesawnothinginthedarkness.在黑暗中我們什么都看不見(jiàn)。Hewillborrowthebookfromnobody.他從誰(shuí)那都借不來(lái)這本書(shū)。Youmustremembernottobelateforclass.你一定記著上課禁止遲到。否認(rèn)的狀語(yǔ)：Theycameherenotbybikebutonfoot.他不是騎車來(lái)的而是走著來(lái)的。Wecouldfindhimnowhere.我們什么地方也找不到他。（3）不定代詞all,both,everyone或everybody用于否認(rèn)句時(shí)，表示部分否認(rèn)。Allthetreesherearenotappletrees.(=Notallthetreeshereareappletrees.)這里的樹(shù)并不是都是蘋(píng)果樹(shù)。（有的是蘋(píng)果樹(shù)，有的不是。）Bothofthesistersarenotnurses.(=Notbothofthesistersarenurses.)這姐兒倆其實(shí)不都是護(hù)士。Everybodycan’tdoit.(=Noteverybodycandoit.)其實(shí)不是人人都能做這件事?！緦ｍ?xiàng)訓(xùn)練】：一、陳說(shuō)句和疑問(wèn)句：1、Theyhappywhentheyhearthenews.A．willB．willbeC．wereD．don’t2、——“Isyouruncleadriver?”——“.”A．No,butmyauntisB．Yes,butmyanutisC．No,hedoesn’tD．Yes,hedoes3、Wesatisfiedwiththeirwork.A．don’tB．a(chǎn)renotC．won’tD．weren’tbeing4、Hecoffeeatall.Hetea.A．doesn’tlike,prefersB．likes,doesn’tpreferC．wouldlike,notprefersD．prefers,isnotfondof5、Shemeonlytwicesincelastyear.A．seesB．wasseeingC．hasseenD．haveseen6、Mygrandmainthecountry.Nowsheinthecity.A．usedtolive,livesB．usedtoliving,livedC．usestolive,islivingD．wasusedtolive,lives7、Youmakesuchmistakesagain.A．shouldneverB．shouldnotalwaysC．wouldalwaysnotD．wouldnotforever48、“Canyoudriveacar?”“.”A．Yes,andJimcan’ttooB．Yes,butJimcan’tC．No,butJimcan,tooD．No,butJimcan’t9、“Areyougoingtothesupermarket?o,”“N.”A．IcyclethereB．IwalkthereC．totheworkD．I’vealreadybeenthere10、InEnglandteawithmilkorsugarinit.A．usuallydrinksB．isusuallydrunkC．usuallyisdrunkD．drankusually11、“Isshegoingtothepostoffice?”“.No,”A．shedoesn’tB．shegoesbybikeC．totheshopsD．she’sonthebike12、Tomlikereadingatall.Heinterestedinplayingbasketball.A．doesn’t,isB．doesn’t,wereC．is,doesD．was,is13、Whenhomefromwork?A．doyourparentscomeB．doesyourparentscomeC．haveyourparentsD．ourparentscome14、Whichofthestudentstheexamination?A．notpassB．didn’tpassC．passD．didn’tpassed15、Theytroubleliftingtheheavybox.A．didn’thavemanyB．hadn’tlotaofC．didn’thavemuchD．haven’tagreatdealof16、——“Didyouhavebreakfastthismorning?——“.”A．Yes,IhadB．Yes,IdidC．No,Ihadn’tD．No,Ididn’thave.17、colouristhecoverofthedictionary?A．WhatB．WhichC．HowD．Whose18、“doeshebrushhisteethaday?”“Twice.”A．WhattimeB．HowlongC．WhenD．Howmanytimes19、Therearemanypicturesonthewall.doyoulikebest?A．WhatB．WhichoneC．WhichofthepictureD．Whichonepicture20、Sincewhenher?5A．didyouknowB．haveyouknownC．doyouknowD．youknow21、“Thattenpoundnotebelongstome.”.“”A．Yes,itisB．Yes,itbelongsC．Noitdoesn’tD．No,itisn’t22、“Wouldyouratherwaitorcomebacklater?”“.”A．I’drathercomebackB．Yes,I’drathernotwaitC．No,I’dratherwaitD．tocomeback23、“shoesdoyoutake?”“Size42.”A．WhichnumberB．WhatnumberC．WhatsizeD．What24、“istheweatherliketoday?”“It’swindy.”A．WhatB．HowC．WhatkindD．Which25、Wouldyoureadmycompositionandcorrectthemistakes,?A．ifhaveB．ifanyC．ifeverD．ifnot26、isthedistancebetweenthesetwovillages?A．HowfarB．WhatC．HowlongD．Howmuch27、doyougotothecinema?Twiceamonth.A．HowmanytimeB．HowmuchC．HowlongD．Howoften28、HowitinEnglish?A．yousayB．doyouspeakC．doyousayD．tospeak29、isthepopulationofthecity?A．HowmuchB．HowmanyC．HowD．What30、didshegetthisinformation?A．WhomB．WhoC．WhereD．What31、doesyourwatchcost?Twohundredyuan.A．HowmanyB．WhatpriceC．WhatD．Howexpensive32、Aboutdoyouwanttoknowmore?A．WhomB．whoC．whichD．what33、——Wehaven’theardfromJaneforalongtime.——Whatdoyousupposetoher.A．washappeningB．tohappenC．hashappenedD．havinghappened34、——HaveyouheardthenewsaboutJim?6——No.What?AisitBitisCaretheyDtheyare35——Wouldyourathergotherebytrainorbyair?——.AYes,IwouldBNo,Iwouldn’tCYes,byairDByair36Igooryougoyourself?AWillwillBShallshallCShallwillDWillshall37——Doyouthinkthequestioneasyornot?——.AYes,IdoBNo,Idon’tCItiseasyDYes,iteasy’s38Shallwestayathomeortothepark?AtogoBgoingCgoDwillgo39writerisbetterknowninChina,CharlesDickensorMarkTwain?AWhicheverBWhetherCWhatDWhich40——wastheNanjing-ChangjiangBridgeopentotraffic?——Itwasopentotrafficin1968.AWhatBWhattimeCHowlongDWhen41fromBeijingtoLondon!AHowlongwayitisBWhatalongwayitisCWhatalongwayisitDHowlongawayisit42Oh,John,yougaveus!AHowapleasantsurpriseBHowpleasantsurpriseCWhatapleasantsurpriseDWhatpleasantsurprise43terribleweatherwe’vebeenhavingthesedays!AHowaBWhataCHowDWhat44girlsheis!AWhatbrightaBHowabrightCHowbrightaDWhatabright45wehavetoday?AHowfinedayBWhatfinedayCHowafinedayDWhatafineday46Howflowersare!7A．beautifulB．beautifullyC．beautifultheD．beautifulthat47、How!A．doestimeflyB．timesflyC．timefliesD．fliestime48、Whatworkhedoes!A．harderB．hardC．hardlyD．hardest49、carefulourmonitoris!A．HowaB．HowC．WhataD．What50、advicehegaveus!A．WhataB．HowgoodC．WhatgoodD．How51、pictureitis!A．WhatwonderfulB．HowawonderfulC．WhatwonderfulaD．Howwonderfula52、IwishtopayavisittoHongkong!A．HowdoB．WhatdoC．WhatD．How53、hardworkingstudentstheyare!A．WhatB．WhataC．WhatanD．How54、longtimeitlasted!A．WhatB．WhataC．HowD．Howa55、downtheradio.Thebaby’ssleepinginthenextroom.A．TurningB．ToturnC．TurnD．Turned56、Let’sfootballinthestreet.A．nottoplayB．notplayC．don’tplayD．notplaying57、carefulwhenyoucrossthestreet.A．Don’tbeB．DobeC．BeingD．Do58、thechildalldaylong!A．Let,nottocryB．Notlet,cryC．Don’tlet,tocryD．Don’tlet,cry59、afraidofmakemistakes!A．Don’tbeB．NottobeC．NotbeingD．Benot60、meagainbeforecoming.A．CallingB．TocallC．DocallingD．Call三、反意疑問(wèn)句61、You’dlikesomecoffee,?A．weren’tyouB．wouldn’tyouC．hadn’tyouD．shouldn’tyou862、Idon’tthinkhewillcometothemeeting,?A．willheB．won’theC．doID．a(chǎn)mI63、Harryandhisbrotherpromisedtoworkharder,.A．dotheyB．don’ttheyC．didtheyD．didn’tthey64、Hisfatherknowslittleaboutit,he?A．doesB．doesn’tC．isheD．isn’t65、Wealllikereadingstorybooks,?A．doweB．doyouC．don’tweD．don’tyou66、Mysisterseldomgoestothetheatreshe?A．doesn’tB．doesC．isD．isn’t67、Yourfatherpromisedtobuyacomputerforyou,he?A．often,didB．never,didn’tC．a(chǎn)lready,didD．never,did68、Besuretowritetous,?A．willyouB．a(chǎn)ren’tyouC．wouldyouD．canyou69、Don’tsmokeinthemeetingroom,you?A．doyouB．willyouC．wouldD．can70、It’sfinetoday.Let’sgofishing,?A．willweB．shallweC．doweD．don’twe71、MaryhasfewfriendinJapan,she?A．hasB．don’tC．doesn’tD．hasn’t72、Thereisabeautifullakeinthiscity,?A．isn’titB．isn’tthereC．isitD．hasn’tit73、Thereisnothingwrongwithmybike,?A．isitB．isn’tthereC．isn’titD．isthere74、Hecomeslatesometimes,?A．isn’theB．comesheC．doesn’theD．ishe75、——Youarenotanewcomer,areyou?——.Icamehereonlyyesterday.A．No,IamB．Yes,IamC．No,I’mnotD．Yes,I’mnot.76、Shecouldhardlybelieveit,?A．couldn’tsheB．couldsheC．didn’tsheD．didshe77、Youneedn’tgo,?A．canyouB．mustyouC．needyouD．mayyou78、Youmustworkhardfromnowon,?9A．canyouB．won’tyouC．mustn’tyouD．needn’tyou79、Afterwalkingsolongaway,youmusthavebeentired,you?A．wereB．haveC．haven’tD．mustn’t80、Hemusthavelefthomeyesterday,he?A．hasn’tB．didn’tC．mustn’tD．needn’t81、Youdon’tthinkI’mgoingoutinsuchwetweather,?A．a(chǎn)mIB．doyouC．don’tyouD．doI82、You’dbettercallinadoctorforyourmother,you?A．hadB．wouldC．hadn’tD．wouldn’t83、Youneedtocomeearlier,you?A．don’tyouB．needn’tC．don’tD．won’t84、Youdarenotgoalone,you?A．don’tB．doC．dareD．daren’t85、Heshouldn’tdrinksomuch,he?A．shouldB．oughtC．wouldD．will86、Nothingcanstopusdoingthat,?A．canweB．can’tweC．can’titD．canit87、I’mlateforthemeeting,?A．a(chǎn)mn’tIB．a(chǎn)ren’tIC．don’tID．a(chǎn)ren’tyou88、NobodybutIknowsJapaneseinmyclass,?A．doesheB．doesn’theC．dotheyD．don’tthey89、Noneoftheworkersattendedtheparty,?A．didtheyB．didheC．didn’theD．didn’tthey90、Everythingisrighthere,?A．isn’titB．a(chǎn)ren’ttheyC．a(chǎn)retheyD．isit91、Alovelyday,?A．i