2022年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試

2022年12月大學(xué)英語(yǔ)六級(jí)考試PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessaythatbeginswiththesentence“Todayincreasingimportanceisbeingattachedtocultivatingcollegestudents'teamspirit.”Youcanmakestatements,givereasons,orciteexamplestodevelopyouressay.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200wordsPartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions1to4arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.1.A)Prioritizinghappinessovermoney.B)Joiningtheclubtogethernewbook.C)Managingone'spersonalfinanceswisely.D)Consumingmoreonlywhenearningmore.2.A)Shewasindebt.B)Shewasafinancialadviser.C)Sheearned$30,000amonth.D)Sheenjoyedahappylife.3.A)Itreflectsone'searningpower.B)Itvarieswithone'senvironment.C)Itmirrorsone'ssenseofwellbeing.D)Itchangeswithone'sgoalsinlife.4.A)Itwouldgivehimmoretimetobewithhislovedones.B)Itwouldbegoodforthosewhovaluerelationships.C)Itwouldmeanmajorsacrificesforhim.D)ItwoulddeprivehimofhisindividualityQuestions5to8arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.5.A)Itwastheartist'sfirstlandscape.B)ItwasapaintingbyChristopher.C)Itwasdonatedbytheartistherself.D)Itwasdisplayedataretirementparty.6.A)Itwasthepaintingthatinstantlymadeherrich.B)Ithascosthimalotofmoneytopurchaseit.C)Itwasrecentlypurchasedbythegallery.D)Itisownedbyananonymouscollector.7.A)Itreflectsheremotions.B)Itcontainsampledetails.C)Itappearsperfectlysymmetrical.D)Itdepictsthebeautyofdesolation.8.A)Sheiseccentriclikeanyotherartist.B)Sheisaveryniceandintelligentartist.C)Sheisasluckyasanyacclaimedartist.D)Sheisoneofthemostproductiveartists.SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwopassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions9to11arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.9.A)Itisvitaltoone'smentalhealth.B)Itleadstoreconciliationandpeace.C)Itpromotesinterpersonalrelationship.D)Itkeepsonefromtraumaticexperience.10.A)Whentheoffenderhaspoweroverthevictim.B)Whentheoffenderisnotwillingtoapologize.C)Whentheoffenderisnotdulypenalized.D)Whentheoffenderaddsinsulttoinjury.11.A)Talkwiththeoffendercalmly.B)Accepttheoffender'sapology.C)Findoutwhyhecommittedtheoffense.D)Determinehowserioustheoffensewas.Questions12to15arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.12.A)Thenumberofpassengersdroppedsharply.B)Itservedmoreandmorecommuters.C)Thenumberofstationsincreasedto50.D)ItbecamethelongestintheUnitedKingdom.13.A)Toincreasecapacitytomeetgrowingneeds.B)Tomakewayforothermeansoftransport.C)Tohaveitssystemsmodernised.D)Toavoidfurtherfinanciallosses.14.A)Itisgenerallyrecognisedasaworldheritagesite.B)Itisthefastestwaytoreachthecity'ssouthside.C)Itconstitutesasourceofrevenueforthecity.D)Ithelpsreducetrafficjamsinthecitycentre.15.A)Theyareusuallycrowded.B)Theyusehigh-techsystems.C)Theyacceptsmartcardsonly.D)Theyarecolourfullydecorated.SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreerecordingsoflecturesortalksfollowedbythreeorfourquestions.Therecordingswillbeplayedonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.16.A)Theyarequitefriendlytohumans.B)Theyareshrinkinginnumbers.C)Theyareunafraidofhumans.D)Theyareespeciallyfondofgarbage.17.A)Itisstrictlyforbidden.B)Itisanuncommonsight.C)Itisagestureofhumangenerosity.D)Itisallowedonlyincertainareas.18.A)Sharetheirfoodwiththebeartheysee.B)Bepreparedtorunintoahungrybear.C)Trytobefriendlywiththebeartheymeet.D)Refrainfromteasingbearswithcubs.Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.19.A)Itreferstoopinionsthatareradicalandwidespread.B)Itmeansmakingjudgmentswithoutadequateknowledge.C)Itreferstodeep-rootedbeliefsaboutsomeoneorsomething.D)Itmeansstickingtoone'sjudgmentsevenwhenprovedwrong.20.A)Theyoftenleadtowarbetweenreligiousgroups.B)Theykeepcertainoccupationsfromthriving.C)Theyallowmythsandhalf-truthstopersist.D)Theypreventusfromgettingtothetruth.21.A)Whenwestarttofeelsuperior.B)Whenwemixwithprejudicedpeople.C)Whenweliveinanisolatedneighborhood.D)Whenwetrytokeepupwiththosearoundus.Questions22to25arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.22.A)Motivated.B)Disappointed.C)Perplexed.D)Shocked.23.A)Theywouldchangewiththepassageoftime.B)Theywouldbenefityoungpeople'sadultlife.C)Theywouldhelpkidsgrow.D)Theywouldlastalifetime.24.A)Hehadbecomemature.B)Hesufferedpoorhealth.C)Hehadlotsofstoriestotell.D)HeregrettedleavingVietnam.25.A)Makefriendswithhisstudents.B)Showhisstudentshowtodotheirbest.C)Helphisstudentsgetthroughthegrowingpains.D)Sharehispersonalexperiencewithhisstudents.PartIⅡIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter:PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.Duringthesummer,whenIwasavisitingpoetataresidencyoutofstate,anangry,confusedwomanwanderedintomyclassandsaid:“IhavethreegunsandIwanttousethem.”Weall26.Itwasn'tclearifshehadtheguns,butweeachknowthat,whenweteachinAmerica,wearealreadyindanger.Iwasdizzywithfear.Thewoman,wholaterturnedouttobeaschizophrenic(精神分裂癥患者)without27tohermedications,was,bysomeforce,wrestledoutand28away,thenputinahospitalforobservation,inastepthatwasactuallysaferforeveryonethananyoneofuspressingcharges.Myclasswenton;wetalkedaboutpoems.Butdespitethefactthattherestofourdaysoncampuspassed29,Iwasrattled.Icouldn'tshakethesensethatinthiscountrywealwaysliveat30risk.Afewmonthslater,crisis31again.Whilemyhusbandwaslockinghisbiketodropoffour3-year-olddaughterforherpreschool-ageddaycamp,adifferentwomanapproached.Swiftlyandforno32reason,shebentdown,pickedupourdaughter,andbegantocarryherdownthestreet.Itwassofastandconfusingthatmydaughter33cried.Myhusband,inaburstofspeed,chasedthewomanandreclaimedourdaughter.Thewoman,clearlyconfused,retreatedintothepubliclibrary.A34ofhomelesspeoplewhogenerallyknowtheotherhomelessintheareasaidtheydidnotrecognizethewoman.Thewomanwassoclearlyunwellthatwhenshewastakenintocustodyshewasincoherent.Heartbreakingly,shecalledourdaughterbythenameofsomeoneelse'schild.Eachpartoftheepisodewasashauntingasitwas35A)accessF)frozeK)peacefullyB)apparentG)incredibleL)presumablyC)barelyH)indignantM)stifledD)dedicationI)networkN)struckE)escortedJ)overridingO)terrifyingSectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.Thismanisrunning7marathonson7continentsin7daysA)MichaelWardianpushedforwardintothepenetratingarctic(北極的)wind,fightingtheurgetospeedup.Toomucheffortandhe'dbegintosweat,which,hewastold,wouldonlyincreasetheriskofhypothermia(體溫過(guò)低).B)Atthe2014NorthPoleMarathon,thetemperaturedippedtominus-22degreesF,withawindchillthatmadeitfeelevencolder.Alongtheroute,armedguardswanderedthelargesheetsoffloatingicetominimizetheriskofpolarbearattacks.C)“Iliketodostuffthatscaresme,”Wardiansaid.Withicefrozentohisbeard,WardiancrossedthefinishlinethatAprilafternooninawinningtimeof4hours7minutesand40seconds,almosttwohoursslowerthanhispersonalbestover26.2miles.TheraceforWardian,however,waslessabouttheresultthanovercominghisaversiontothecold.D)Inafewdays,Wardianwillonceagaincompeteinanunfamiliarterritoryandbelow-freezingtemperatures.HewilllineupMondayinAntarctica(南極)forthefirstlegoftheWorldMarathonChallenge—joining32otheradventureseekersonanunusualjourneywhereparticipantstravelthroughdifferenttimezonesandclimatestorunsevenmarathonsonsevencontinentsinsevendays.E)Aneliteultra-runner,Wardianhashissightsonbreakingtheevent'srecordaveragemarathontimeof3:32:25setlastJanuarybyU.S.MarineCorpscaptainDanielCartica.Wardian,a42-year-oldArlingtonresident,isarecord-breakingracer,knownintheultrarunningcommunityforseekingtoughcoursesandsettingworldrecords.Lastyear,heran1,254.65milesin47races.TheWorldMarathonChallenge,likemostofWardian'srunninggoals,willbeaboutpushinghislimits.“Ilovediverseanduniquechallenges,”hesaid.“I'mdefinitelyinterestedinseeingwhatIcanhandleandwhatmybodycanaccept.Thatdrivesme.”F)SomethingaboutthewayRichardDonovancarriedhimselfappealedtoWardian.PerhapsitwasthesenseofadventureDonovandisplayedwhentheyfirstmetatthe201050KChampionshipsinGalway,Ireland,whereDonovanwastheracedirector.Thetwohititoff,andsoonWardianwasparticipatinginDonovan'sevents.ItwasattheNorthPoleMarathon,aracethatDonovanorganizes,thatWardianfirstheardabouttheIrishman'splanfortheWorldMarathonChallenge—achallengethatDonovanhimselfcompletedin2009and2012.“Iknewthatmanypeoplehadagoalofrunningsevenmarathonsonsevencontinentsduringanytimeperiod,”Donovan,50,said.“Ifeltthenaturalextensiontothisideawouldbetotrytoachieveitwithinaseven-dayperiod.”G)Wardianstartedsavingforthetripin2014,connectingwithsponsorsandgettingapprovalfromhiswife,Jennifer,beforecommitting.Registrationfortheeventcosts36,000euros,whichcoversinternationalcharterflightstoeachofthesevenmarathonlocations:UnionGlacier(Antarctica),PuntaArenas,Chile(SouthAmerica),Miami(NorthAmerica),Madrid(Europe),Marrakesh,Morocco(Africa),Dubai(Asia)andSydney(Australia).Thechallengeisatestofbothphysicalstrengthandmentalfitness.Sleepingonacrammedplane,adjustingtodifferenttimezonesandfindingfoodtoeat(Wardianisavegetarian)wouldmakeitanexhaustingtripoveramonth,letaloneaweek.“Thekeytoaracelikethisisgettingcomfortablebeinguncomfortable,”saidBeccaPizzi,lastyear'swomen'schampion.“Thehighsoftheraceareincrediblyhigh,andthelowsincrediblylow.”H)Sinceturningitintoanorganizedeventin2015,Donovanhasattractedavarietyofrunners.Thisyear'schallengewillfeatureafarmoreelitefield,whichincludesRyanHall,America'sfastestmarathonrunner.Despitehisproventrackrecord,Hallsaidhehasnotimegoalsandthathestillsuffersfromthesamefatigueissuesthatforcedhimtoleavetheprofessionalranksin2015.Hallplanstorunwithhisfriend,PastorMatthewBarnettofTheDreamCenterinLosAngeles—oneofthesixAmericanmenwhowillbecompeting.“Idon'texpecttorunastepwithMike,butIwillbeexcitedtoseehowhedoes,”saidthe34-year-oldHall,whobeganweight-liftingafterretiring.“IfIfinishwithinanhourofhimineachmarathon,I'dbesurprised.”I)Instead,43-year-oldPetrVabrousek,aneliteCzechIronmanchampion,isexpectedtobeWardian'sclosestchallenger.Toothersonthetrip,simplyfinishingwillbeitsownreward.SineadKaneofIrelandisaimingtobecomethefirstblindpersontocompletethechallenge.AndBethAnnTelford,a47-year-oldfederalgovernmentworkerfromFairfaxandtheonlyAmericanfemaleinthisyear'smix,isusingtheeventasaplatformtoraisemoneyforcancerresearch.It'sacausewithapersonalconnectiontoTelford,whowasdiagnosedwithbraincancerin2004.“DoingsomethinglikethisisdefinitelythehardestchallengethatI'veeverdoneexceptforthechemotherapyandbrainsurgery,”shesaid.“It'sgoingtoraiseawareness.Ijustwantedtodosomethingthatisepicandthiscertainlyisrightupthere.”Wardian,too,hopeshisinvolvementwillgivehimaplatformtopromoteacause.HerecentlybecameanambassadorfortheUnitedNationsWomen'sHeForSheinitiativetofightinequalitiesfacedbywomenandgirlsworldwide.J)OnachillyDecemberafternoon,WardianwovethroughWashington'scrowdedsidewalksonthewayhomefromhisfull-timejobasaninternationalshipbroker.Hiselastic,6-footframebouncedgentlyandefficientlyoffthegroundwitheachstepofthehillysix-miletripbacktoArlington.ThisisadailyroutineduringtheweekforWardian,whostartedracingprofessionallyin2003andrunssevendaysaweek,oftenmultipletimesaday.Whenhetravels,hepreferstoexplorenewplacesonhisfeet.K)Butinsomeways,Wardianstillhastroublethinkingofhimselfasarunner.Forthemajorityofhischildhood,WardiandevotedhisenergytobecomingaDivisionIlacrosse(長(zhǎng)曲棍球)player—adreamherealizedwhenhewasrecruitedtoplayatMichiganStateUniversity.“Oncehedecidestodosomething,hejustworksatituntilhedoesit,”Michael'syoungersister,Mariele,said.“Oncehedecidestodoit,it'susuallysomethingthat'sgoingtohappen.He'salwaysbeenlikethat.He'saverymotivatedindividual.”L)ItwasonlyayearorsoagothatWardianrealizedthathehadbeenarunnerlongerthanalacrosseplayer.Itwasnotuntilheraninthe2004U.S.OlympicMarathonTrials—thefirstofthreeforWardian—thathefeltthathewasalegitimaterunner.Nowmorethan10yearsandnumerousultra-marathonnationaltitlesandworldrecordslater,heembracesthatidentity.Wardianwantstoseehowfarhislegscantakehim,oneepicchallengeatatime.“Iwanttoalwayskeepdoingthingsthatareexciting,adventurous,differentandmostimportantly,probablythingsI'mnotthebestat,”Wardiansaid,“becauseifyou'renotseekingthingsoutthatarechallenginganddifficultforyou,thenyou'renotgrowing…SoIhopemaybepeopleseewhatIdo,andsay,'Okay,Iwanttodosomethingdifferentortrysomethingnew.I'mgoingtodosomethingthatscaresme.'That'swhatI'mhopingpeoplewilltakefromit.”36.Wardianregardsthevariousextraordinarychallengesasatestofhisphysicalendurance.37.Wardianhopeshisparticipationintheseven-daymarathonserieswillcontributetoaworthycause38.Wardianisgoingtojoinoverthirtyotherrunnersinaweek-longmarathonseries.39.Over-exertioninextremecoldcanlowerone'sbodytemperaturetoadangerouspoint.40.Wardianwasverymuchimpressedbyaracedirector'ssenseofadventure.41.OnceWardiansetshismindonsomething,heisdeterminedtomakeithappen.42.OnetopAmericanmarathonerquithisrunningcareerbecauseofhisphysicalcondition.43.Tomanyoftheweek-longmarathonparticipants,completingtheracewillbeasuccessinitself.44.ForWardian,themarathonintheArcticwasmoreabouthowtotriumphovertheextremecold.45.Toparticipateintheseven-daymarathonseries,Wardianhadtoraisealotofmoneyandhavehiswife'ssupport.SectionCDirections:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneQuestions46to50arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Manypeopleassociatetheirself-worthwiththeirwork.Themoresuccessfultheircareer,thebettertheyfeelaboutthemselves.Work-relatedself-esteemisthereforeaworthyidealtopursuewithvigor,right?Well,notalways.Accordingtorecentresearch,inwhichpsychologistsinterviewed370full-timeworkersoveraperiodofthreeweeks,therealityisalittlemorecomplicated.Anditinvolvesnegativeaswellaspositiveconsequences.It'snaturaltobedrawntowardspleasureandtostepawayfrompain.Intheworkplace,ifthatpleasurecomesfromatriumphwhichswellsourself-respect,peoplewilltrytorepeattheaccomplishment.Butrepeatingthataccomplishmentisoftennotrealistic,whichcanleadtoseverenegativeemotionalconsequenceswhenitdoesn'treoccur.Thisformofmotivationiswidelyregardedasanegativetypeofmotivation.Itcanhinderothermorepositivemotivationtypes,suchascompletingataskpurelybecauseit'sfulfillingorenjoyable.Whatconsumestheemployeeinsteadisapressingneedtofeelmightyandsureofthemselves.Theythentakeononlytasksandobjectiveswhichservethatego-drivenneed.Asaresult,toavoidfeelingsofshameandworthlessnessassociatedwithfailure,theyextendthemselvestosuchadegreethatthere'sasubsequentadverseeffectontheirwell-being.Thisinternalpressuretosucceedatallcostsdemandsalotofeffort.Itdepletestheirenergy,culminatingindisproportionatelevelsofdamagingsentiment.Thosenegativeemotionsmountintoheightenedanxiety,impactingtheirabilitytomakethemostoftheirpersonallife.Theirdesiretoavoidfeelinginferiorendsupmakingthemfeelinferiorwhenitcomestotheirdiminishedcapacityforfriendshipandleisure.Theyendupdissatisfiedbothatworkandoutsideofit.Butthankfully,forthosepeoplecompelledalmostentirelybythisspecificformofmotivation,thenewsisn'tallbad,orbadatall.Thestudyalsodiscoveredseveralpositiveoutcomesthatcanactuallyoutweightheharmfulones.Thoughthesetypesofemployeesaremotivatedbythedesiretoavoidnegativeconsequences,theyarealsomotivatedbytheexcitementofpursuingemotionalrewards.Thisexcitementmakespursuinggoalsenjoyableandstimulatespleasureandpridethatwouldresultfromsuccess.Aneffectofthepositivemotivationisthatitneutralizestheexistenceofnegativemotivation.Sure,itaffectspeople'spersonallivestowhatcouldbedeemedanunhealthyextent,becauseleisureactivitiesareoftenseenasapartoflifethatmustbesacrificedtomanageworkandfamilydemands.However,thewaypeoplefeelabouttheirworkhaslesstodowithwhetherthey'remotivatedbythepreservationofself-esteembutmorewiththefactthatthey'resimplymotivated.46.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthepursuitofwork-relatedself-esteem?A)Itmayresultinnegativemotivation.B)Itcontributestoone'saccomplishments.C)Itcanincreaseone'svigorasonekeepstrying.D)Itcoststoomuchemotionallyandpsychologically.47.Whatdoemployeestendtodoinpursuingwork-relatedself-esteem?A)Takeontaskswellbeyondtheiractualcapabilities.B)Strivetosucceedattheexpenseoftheirwell-being.C)Resorttoallmeansregardlessoftheconsequences.D)Exaggeratetheirsenseofshameandworthlessness.48.Whatdowelearnaboutpeopleover-concernedwithwork-relatedself-esteem?A)Theymayoftenfeelinferiortotheircolleagues.B)Theycannotenjoytheirpersonallifetothefull.C)Theyareneversatisfiedwiththeirachievements.D)Theyhavetheirownviewoffriendshipandleisure.49.Whatisthegoodnewswelearnfromtherecentresearch?A)Thepursuitofgoalsmayturnouttobeenjoyableandpleasant.B)Theemotionalrewardsfromgoalpursuitareworththepainstaken.C)Thenegativeconsequencesofgoalpursuitcanmostlybeavoided.D)Thegoalofswellingself-esteemcanbeachievedifonekeepstrying.50.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?A)Workershavetomakesacrificestopreserveself-esteem.B)Self-esteemswellswhenworkersarestronglymotivated.C)Pursuitofgoalsaffectspeople'spersonallivestoanunhealthyextent.D)Peoplefeelpositiveabouttheirworkaslongastheyaremotivated.PassageTwoQuestions51to55arebasedonthefollowingpassage.Degradationoftheworld'snaturalresourcesbyhumansisrapidlyoutpacingtheplanet'sabilitytoabsorbthedamage,arecentUNenvironmentalstudyhasfound.Thestudyconcludesthatwithoutradicalactionthelevelofprosperitythatmillionsofpeopleinthedevelopedworldcountonwillbeimpossibletomaintainorextendtopoorercountries.WaterscarcityisthecurseofsomeofthepoorestregionsonEarth,leavingdevelopingcountriesincreasinglyunabletofeedthemselves,andcausinghardshipformillionsofpeople.Thereappearslittleprospectofthisdesperatesituationbeingremediedwithoutradicalactionbeingtaken.Waterresourcesareunderincreasingthreatfrompopulationgrowth,climatechange,rapidurbanization,risinglevelsofconsumption,andthedegradationoflandsthatpreviouslyprovidedanaturalreplenishment(補(bǔ)充)ofwaterresources.Therateofdamagetothenaturalenvironmentwasfoundtoincreaseglobally,despiteconcertedeffortstopersuadegovernmenttotakemeasurestoimprovethecondition.“Ifcurrenttrendscontinue,andtheworldfailstoimprovepatternsofproductionandconsumption,thenthestateoftheworld'senvironmentwillcontinuetodecline,”warnedUNexecutivedirectorAchimSteiner.Hesaidthetoolsforimprovingtheenvironmentformillionsofpeopleexistedindevelopedcountries,butwereindangerofnotbeingused.Thestudyfoundthatbasicmeasurestotacklesomeofthekeycausesofenvironmentaldamagewerestillnotbeingtaken.Theseincludedmeasurestoreduceairpollution;tocontrolthedamagetomarineeco-systems,whichcanhaveahugeeffectonfishstocksonwhichhundredsofmillionsofpeopledepend;andtocurbthedegradationoflandwheremodernagriculturalmethodswerepursuedwithoutregardtothelonger-termconsequences.Despitetherecentglobalagreementoncuttinggreenhousegasemissions,globalcarbonoutputcontinuestorise.Thiswillputalong-termstrainontheabilityofdevelopingeconomiestofeedtheirownpeople.Climatechangeisaggravatedbytheemissionsofgreenhousegasesfromchemicalandnaturalfertilisersusedinagriculturewhichincreasedbymorethanaquarterbetween2000and2010.Otherproblemareasidentifiedinthereportincludedglaciers,whichprovidevitalwaterresourcesformillionsofpeople,butwhichareshrinkingastheclimatewarms.Inrichcountries,theseproblemshavebuiltupoverdecadesandcenturieswhileeconomicgrowthwaspursuedattheexpenseoftheenvironment.Subsequenteffortstoremedytheenvironmenthavemetwithpartialsuccess.Butindevelopingcountries,thepathoffuturedevelopmenthasmorepotentialtochange,whichhasencouragedinternationalinstitutionstodevisemoresustainablegrowthpathwaysthataresupposedbothtoalleviatepovertyandpreservetheenvironment.51.WhatisthemajorfindingoftheUNenvironmentalstudy?A)HumanactivityhasrenderedMotherEarthalmostuninhabitable.B)Humansaredoingmoredamagetotheearththanitcancopewith.C)Environmentalproblemshaveconsiderablyweakenedhumanprosperity.D)Environmentaldamageismoreseriousindevelopedcountriesthesedays.52.Whatissaidaboutwaterscarcityinsomeofthepoorestregions?A)Itisgettingsoseriousthatthereislittlehopeofsolution.B)Itlargelyaccountsfortheirsloweconomicdevelopment.C)Itcanhardlyberelievedifnodrasticmeasuresaretaken.D)Itisprimarilycausedbytheaccelerationofclimatechange.53.WhatdoesAchimSteinersayabouttheenvironmentalcondition?A)Itwilldeteriorateworldwide.B)Itisattractingglobalattention.C)Itisbeingslowlyremediedglobally.D)Itwillshrinktheworld'spopulation.54.Whatisthedilemmadevelopingcountriesface?A)Theycannotmodernisefarmingwithoutcausinglanddegradation.B)Theycannotpromoteindustrialisationwithoutpollutingwaterways.C)Theycannotboostcropyieldswithoutcausinggreenhousegasemissions.D)Theycannotcatchupwithrichcountrieswithoutsacrificingtheenvironment.55.Whatshoulddevelopingcountriesdointheirfuturedevelopmentaccordingtothepassage?A)Theyturntodevelopedcountriesfortheassistancetheyneed.B)Theyremedyenvironmentaldamagebyslowingeconomicgrowth.C)Theyavoiddamaginginterferencefrominternationalinstitutions.D)Theyimprovepeople'slivelihoodwithoutharmingtheenvironment.PartIVTranslation(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,y