初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法講解第四章代詞

初英語(yǔ)講第章代（Pronouns代：是替詞及名作的語(yǔ)動(dòng)不式、形式從或子詞一代的類(lèi)英語(yǔ)中代詞分為九：人稱(chēng)詞物代、身代、示詞相代、問(wèn)詞不代、系詞連代。分類(lèi)及及例詞下：人稱(chēng)代詞Iweyouhesheitthem物主代詞myyourhisherourtheirmimeherstheirsouss反身代詞myselfyourselfourselvesitselfthemselves指示代詞thisthatthesethose相互代詞eachotheroneanother疑問(wèn)代詞whowhomwhosewhichwhat不定代詞allsomeanymuchmanyfewlittle關(guān)系代詞whowhomwhosethatwhichas連接代詞whosewhichwhat二人代（要來(lái)人代，可物、人代的式人代有格賓，單數(shù)式第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)

單數(shù)主格Iyouhe\she\it

賓格meyouhim\her\it

復(fù)數(shù)主格weyouthey

賓格usYouthem2人代的法能人代有格賓之，格式句作語(yǔ)表等分，格式句作詞語(yǔ)介賓、位等巧：格賓姐倆人代是家賓負(fù)迎賓客，格“”當(dāng)。⑴稱(chēng)詞格句功①主語(yǔ)e.g.I’mastudent.YouareaWeallworkhard.②作表語(yǔ)，用在’…who(that)結(jié)構(gòu)中e.g.Itwhowrong.⑵稱(chēng)詞格句功①作物動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)e.g.him\hertocallbackalittlelater.②作詞賓語(yǔ)e.g.penisbad.canwritewithit.Ibelieveinyou③作位語(yǔ)we,usthreebeabletofinishthework.④作語(yǔ)人代詞作表語(yǔ)時(shí)，常要用賓格knockingatthedoor?—Itme.3使人代需意幾①主I在中任何置必大MumsuggeststhatIshouldcheerupwhenmeetingwithfailure.②英中果現(xiàn)個(gè)稱(chēng)詞單并為,he/sheandI或you,him/herme;復(fù)并為we,youandthey或us,youandthem.如果承責(zé)

任說(shuō)者把一稱(chēng)在一。e.g.You,sheandIareallinterestedinthestory.We,youandtheyshouldretumontime.Iandlimingbrokethewindow通?？捎么鷩?guó)、只大、亮等it有時(shí)可人尤是兒）Chinawillalwaysdowhatshehaspromisedtodo.e.g.Lookatthepoorlittlechild.Ithasjustfallendown.④稱(chēng)詞獨(dú)用，用格不主。I’liketoforanotherweek.----too.YouaresupposedtohelpJack.Whyme?注：稱(chēng)詞于as和than之，果as和than看介，此往用格如b把a(bǔ)s和看連，往用格。ShespeaksJapaneseaswellasme.(as介詞).ShespeaksJapaneseaswellasIdo.(as做連三物代（示有系代，人代的格式、物代的式單數(shù)

復(fù)數(shù)形容詞性物主代詞名詞性物主代詞

第一人稱(chēng)mymine

第二人稱(chēng)yourYours

第三人稱(chēng)his\her\itshis\her\its

第一人稱(chēng)ourours

第二人稱(chēng)youryours

第三人稱(chēng)theirtheirs2物代的法能⑴容性主詞①形容詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于形容詞，置詞前其人稱(chēng)、數(shù)、性別取決于它們所指代的名詞或代詞。形容性物主代詞主要作定。e.g.hishobbyourplanIwassearchingformyglasseswhiletheyturneduprightunder.Monicausuallytriedherbesttomakeusunderstandherlectures.⑵詞物代①名詞性物主代詞相當(dāng)于名詞，不能用于名詞之前，其形式取決于它們所指代的名詞或代詞。名詞性物主代詞在句子作主、語(yǔ)賓或of連用作語(yǔ)A.作主語(yǔ)e.g.isn’tmyisbeingrepaired.B.作表語(yǔ)e.g.Isthisyourbookor?C.作賓語(yǔ)e.g.Youmyumbrella.IusehersD.“of+名詞性物主代詞”可以定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于名詞的雙重所有格e.g.Isheaneighborofyoursisyours(yourbook).where’smine(mybook)?巧：用名”是“橫后詞決無(wú)名”則名“”則形。四反代（來(lái)示我們自”“（）己、他//它（）己等義

代）1反身詞形第一人稱(chēng)第二人稱(chēng)第三人稱(chēng)

單數(shù)myselfyourselfhimself\herself\itself

復(fù)數(shù)ourselvesyourselvesthemselves、反身詞句功和法用①作語(yǔ)及物動(dòng)詞或介詞的賓語(yǔ)）表示動(dòng)作承受者是動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者自己e.g.Letmeintroducemyself.ThefamilyenjoyedthemselvesverymuchlastnightPleasehelpyourselftosomefruit.Shecookedthewholemealby.Theoldwomanoftentalksto.IthinkIshouldbeallowedtodecisionsformyself.②作語(yǔ)e.g.Inotquitemyselfthesedays.③作語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)同位語(yǔ)起加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣的作用，表示“親\本人”e.g.Theboyhimselfmadethemodelplane.Ispoketothebosshimself我對(duì)老板本人講的。常的oneself的固短：beoneself處正常狀態(tài)身心在cannothelponeself不自制情不自禁saytooneself心想seatoneself坐下devoteoneself致于teachoneself自helponeselfto隨吃enjoyoneself過(guò)得愉快cometooneself恢知覺(jué)dressoneself自己穿衣服talk/speaktooneself自自語(yǔ)hide把自己藏起來(lái)五指代（來(lái)代標(biāo)人事的類(lèi)詞this\that\these\those\it\such\same等、this,that,these,those句法功和法⑴示詞句功：①作主語(yǔ)e.g.Thisisagoodidea.②作賓語(yǔ)e.g.Ishalltake.③作定語(yǔ)e.g.Ilikethose④作表語(yǔ)e.g.WhatIwanttoisthis⑵示詞用：①指示代詞this往指時(shí)間或空較近人或物往指時(shí)間或空間較的人或。Thisgiftforyouandthatoneisforbrother.IlovethesebooksbutIdontthose.②thatthose常用來(lái)代替前面已提過(guò)事物，以避免重復(fù)。Thelifeinthepeacefulthanthatinthecity.③打電話(huà)時(shí)this常自己，指對(duì)。

isJanespeaking.Whoisthat.④在thosewho/which.....或thosepeoplewho.....,thosethingswhich/.....句中，/which/that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句說(shuō)明those的范其中those不用these替。(people)whobreakthelawofnaturewillpunishedIprefertothose(poems)thatarewrittenbyShuTing.⑤當(dāng)所指的事物已定，后面的指示代詞指人須用he,she,they,指物須用it或they.Thisismybrother.HestudiesatUniversityofLondonArethebooksyours?yesareThatisyourfault’it?、such（如的這的和same（樣，樣）指代的法⑴such可作語(yǔ)表、語(yǔ)和語(yǔ)Such作語(yǔ)，所飾名之如不定詞這不冠應(yīng)在such之后。A.作定語(yǔ)e.g.Theforeignvisitorssaidtheyhadneverseenbeautifulbefore.B.作主語(yǔ)e.g.isourplanforthecomingholiday.C.作賓語(yǔ)e.g.LastChristmastheywantedhelpwithtreesand.D.作表語(yǔ)e.g.waveswereasIhadneverseenbefore.⑵same可定\語(yǔ)\語(yǔ)賓.same必加冠theA.作語(yǔ)e.g.friendcamebythetrainasyou.B.作語(yǔ)e.g.canbeseenifyoudotheexperimentonceagain.C.作語(yǔ)e.g.allsaythesame.D.作語(yǔ)e.g.It’sallthesametome.、作語(yǔ)表的法①作語(yǔ)e.g.—writetoday.—Doso②作語(yǔ)e.g.Beitso這就行。注⒈so常用省句e.g.—Idon’tlikehim.Why?=Whyisthatso⒉so常置于句首e.g.—oh’vefinished.—haveI.六不代（替任不數(shù)或圍人事，名和容的用，作、、、）、不代的類(lèi)普不代：anynoSomebodyanybodynobodysomeoneanyonenoonesomethinganythingnothingonenone個(gè)不代：otheranothereitherneitherhalfbothalleveryEveryeveryoneeverything數(shù)不代muchfewlittleafewalittlealotoflotsofagreatdealagreatmany

、不代的能用⑴all,both的法和both均可表示全都，句中主語(yǔ)賓、語(yǔ)同語(yǔ)All指?jìng)€(gè)或個(gè)上人物both僅兩人物Allbothof后名時(shí)，可略但賓代時(shí)可略(ofpeopleherelovepeace.(ofparentsare–smokers.Mybrotherandmysisterbothliveabroad.Sheinvitedbothofustoherbirthdayparty.注：指事的整體或抽象概時(shí)當(dāng)作單數(shù)，指人時(shí)當(dāng)作復(fù)數(shù)。isgoingperfectly.Allarehere,solet’sgetstarted.both作語(yǔ)同語(yǔ)，位實(shí)動(dòng)之前系詞be助動(dòng)或態(tài)詞后但實(shí)動(dòng)或語(yǔ)略，allboth放在動(dòng)be助動(dòng)或態(tài)詞之。Myparentsbothlikecoffeeverymuch.Wehaveallreadit.YoushouldallhandinyourhomeworktomorrowTheyhaven’tbeenthere,butwebothhave.WereallthepoemsbyEmersonyes,theyallwere.⑵的用不代one指可數(shù)詞數(shù)既指，可物在中作語(yǔ)賓、表或定?？蓡问?，也以在數(shù)詞數(shù)前面定。其數(shù)式,所格one，反代為oneself。①獨(dú)用泛指“人一人人人人這用可以現(xiàn)ones或oneself與呼。e.g.Oneshoulddoone’s/hisbestallthe人人無(wú)何時(shí)都要盡力而為。Oneshouldtakeofoneselfhimself.②示體“個(gè)“”個(gè)物MissGaoisamathsteacherwhoisbothstrictandkind.Thisistheoneyourelookingfor.Myhouseisthefirstoneontheleft注：當(dāng)one前有容修時(shí)形詞必有詞代。thebestoneaniceoneherlast③代前出過(guò)可名單，ones代替數(shù)詞數(shù)已免重。e.g.Pleasepassmethebook,theoneonthetopshelf.Ipreferredroseswhiteones.Thestudentsinyourclassaremoreactivetheonesinmyclass.

⑶none的用不代none通常當(dāng)名，句作語(yǔ)賓、語(yǔ)等意“有個(gè)既代可名，可替可名。Ishoutedatthechildren,butnonewouldstoptalkingIlikenoeofthesepictures.Iwantedmorenonewas.⑷each和every的用區(qū)別如下：Theybothcameeachleftaheadoftime.TokyoandLondonaretwolargecitiesreallyloveeach.Wesendeachotherane-mailweek