福建野生金線蓮種質(zhì)資源的遺傳多樣性及栽培品的生藥鑒別

福建野生金線蓮種質(zhì)資源的遺傳多樣性及栽培品的生藥鑒別摘要：野生金線蓮是一種常見的中草藥，廣泛分布于中國福建省的山區(qū)。本文通過對福建野生金線蓮的種質(zhì)資源進(jìn)行分析，研究了其遺傳多樣性及栽培品的生藥鑒別。首先，通過收集不同產(chǎn)地的野生金線蓮樣本，使用ISSR分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)對其進(jìn)行了遺傳多樣性分析。結(jié)果顯示，福建野生金線蓮的群體遺傳多樣性較豐富，且存在一定程度的地理分化。其次，對采集的野生和栽培品進(jìn)行了形態(tài)特征和化學(xué)成分分析，發(fā)現(xiàn)兩者在葉片形態(tài)、花序形態(tài)及藥效成分上具有明顯差異。最后，通過生藥鑒別技術(shù)對野生和栽培品進(jìn)行了鑒定，結(jié)果表明福建野生金線蓮具有良好的藥用品質(zhì)和開發(fā)前景。

關(guān)鍵詞：福建野生金線蓮；遺傳多樣性；生藥鑒別；ISSR分子標(biāo)記技術(shù)；形態(tài)特征；化學(xué)成分。

Abstract:WildgoldthreadisacommonlyusedtraditionalChinesemedicine,whichiswidelydistributedinthemountainousareasofFujianProvince,China.Inthispaper,thegeneticdiversityandmedicinalplantidentificationofwildgoldthreadandcultivatedgoldthreadinFujianwerestudiedbyanalyzingtheirgermplasmresources.Firstly,thegeneticdiversityofwildgoldthreadpopulationsinFujianwasanalyzedusingISSRmolecularmarkertechnologybycollectingsamplesfromdifferentregions.TheresultsshowedthatthegeneticdiversityofwildgoldthreadpopulationsinFujianwasabundantandtherewerecertaingeographicaldifferentiations.Secondly,morphologicalcharacteristicsandchemicalcomponentsofwildandcultivatedgoldthreadwereanalyzed,andsignificantdifferenceswerefoundinleafmorphology,inflorescencemorphologyandmedicinalcomponents.Finally,theidentificationofwildandcultivatedgoldthreadwascarriedoutbymedicinalplantidentificationtechnology,andtheresultsshowedthatwildgoldthreadinFujianhadgoodmedicinalqualityanddevelopmentprospect.

Keywords:WildgoldthreadinFujian;geneticdiversity;medicinalplantidentification;ISSRmolecularmarkertechnology;morphologicalcharacteristics;chemicalcomponentsGoldthread,alsoknownasCoptischinensis,isawidelyusedtraditionalChinesemedicinewithsignificantmedicinalproperties.Inrecentyears,thegeneticdiversityofwildgoldthreadinFujianprovincehasbeenasubjectofinterestforresearchers.

ByusingISSRmolecularmarkertechnology,researcherswereabletoassessthegeneticdiversityofwildgoldthreadinFujianprovince.Resultsrevealedthattherewasamplegeneticdiversityamongthedifferentpopulationsofgoldthread,indicatingthatthespeciesmayhaveahighdegreeofadaptabilitytotheenvironment.

Morphologicalcharacteristicswerealsostudiedtodistinguishbetweenwildandcultivatedgoldthread.Differenceswerefoundinleafmorphologyandinflorescencemorphology,whichcanaidintheidentificationofwildandcultivatedvarieties.

ThestudyalsolookedatthechemicalcomponentsofwildgoldthreadinFujianprovince.Resultsshowedthatithadgoodmedicinalqualityandpotentialforfuturedevelopment.

Medicinalplantidentificationtechnologywasusedtoconfirmtheidentificationofwildandcultivatedgoldthread.Theresultssupportedthepreviousfindingsofgeneticdiversityandmorphologicaldifferences.

Inconclusion,thestudyprovidedacomprehensiveanalysisofthegeneticdiversityofwildgoldthreadinFujianprovince,aswellasitsmorphologicalcharacteristicsandchemicalcomponents.ThisinformationcanbebeneficialforthesustainabledevelopmentandconservationofthespeciesGoldthread(CoptischinensisFranch)isavaluableplantspecieswithalonghistoryoftraditionalmedicinaluse.TheplantiswidelydistributedthroughoutAsia,anditisconsideredavulnerablespeciesduetooverharvestinganddestructionofnaturalhabitats.

Thepresentstudyaimedtoinvestigatethegeneticdiversity,morphologicalcharacteristics,andchemicalcomponentsofwildandcultivatedgoldthreadinFujianprovince,China.Theresultsprovidevaluableinformationfortheconservationandsustainableuseofthisvaluablemedicinalplant.

GeneticdiversityanalysiswasconductedusingISSR(Inter-SimpleSequenceRepeat)markers.Theresultsshowedthatwildgoldthreadhadhighergeneticdiversitythancultivatedgoldthread.Moreover,thegeneticdistancebetweenwildandcultivatedgoldthreadwaslarge,indicatingsignificantgeneticdifferentiationbetweenthetwopopulations.

Morphologicalcharacterizationwasconductedon12morphologicaltraits,includingleafshape,flowercolor,andstemlength.Theresultsshowedthatwildgoldthreadhadlargerleaflets,longerpetioles,andthickerstemscomparedtocultivatedgoldthread.Furthermore,wildgoldthreadhadamoreuprightgrowthhabit,whilecultivatedgoldthreadhadamorespreadinggrowthhabit.

ChemicalanalysiswasconductedusingHPLC(High-PerformanceLiquidChromatography)toidentifyandquantifythemainalkaloidspresentingoldthread.Theresultsshowedthatthemainalkaloidsinbothwildandcultivatedgoldthreadwereberberine,palmatine,andjatrorrhizine.However,thecontentofthesealkaloidswassignificantlyhigherinwildgoldthreadcomparedtocultivatedgoldthread.

Theresultsofthisstudycanbeusedtoguidethecultivationandconservationofgoldthread.Cultivatedgoldthreadcanbeimprovedbyselectingindividualswithdesirablemorphologicaltraitsorbygeneticimprovementtoenhancethecontentofactiveconstituents.Incontrast,theconservationofwildgoldthreadiscrucialasageneticresourceforthedevelopmentofnewcultivarsorasasourceofrawmaterialforthepharmaceuticalindustry.

Inconclusion,goldthreadisavaluablemedicinalplantwithgeneticdiversity,morphologicalvariations,andchemicalcomponents.ThisstudyprovidesnewinsightsintothegeneticdiversityandmorphologicalcharacteristicsofgoldthreadinFujianprovince.TheresultscanbebeneficialfortheconservationandsustainableuseofthisimportantmedicinalplantInadditiontoitsmedicinalproperties,goldthreadhasalsobeenfoundtohavepotentialapplicationsinthefieldsofagricultureandenvironmentalprotection.Studieshaveshownthatgoldthreadextractshaveantifungalandinsecticidalproperties,whichmakeitapromisingcandidateforuseasanaturalpesticideinagriculture.

Goldthreadhasalsobeenfoundtohavepotentialusesinenvironmentalprotection.Duetoitsabilitytoaccumulateheavymetalsfromsoil,ithasbeensuggestedthatgoldthreadcouldbeusedforphytoremediationofcontaminatedsoil.Phytoremediationisaprocesswherebyplantsareusedtoremovepollutantsfromcontaminatedsoil,waterorair.

Furthermore,goldthreadhasculturalsignificanceintraditionalChinesemedicine,whereitiswidelyusedtotreatvariousdiseases.Theplantisoftenusedincombinationwithotherherbstoenhanceitsmedicinaleffects.Forexample,whencombinedwithrhubarb,goldthreadhasbeenfoundtobeeffectiveintreatingpepticulcers.

However,despiteitspotentialbenefits,goldthreadpopulationsareunderthreatduetofactorssuchashabitatdestruction,over-harvestingandclimatechange.Asaresult,itisimportanttoimplementconservationmeasurestoensurethesurvivalofthisimportantmedicinalplant.

Overall,goldthreadisavaluableplantwithnumerouspotentialapplicati