2023年中考英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí)課件 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)過(guò)去完成時(shí)綜合講解復(fù)習(xí)課

2022-2023年初中英語(yǔ)中考復(fù)習(xí)xxx現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)概念理解時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞現(xiàn)完結(jié)構(gòu)現(xiàn)完與一般過(guò)去時(shí)的區(qū)別瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞的完成時(shí)Havegonetoeyhavebeento/in過(guò)去完成時(shí)概念理解時(shí)間標(biāo)志詞過(guò)完結(jié)構(gòu)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-概念理解Icleanedtheroomyesterday我昨天打掃了房間Ihavecleanedtheroom我已經(jīng)打掃了房間情景1

假設(shè)，你媽媽讓你去打掃衛(wèi)生，如果你打掃過(guò)了，你會(huì)說(shuō)：Ihavecleanedtheroom.“已經(jīng)打掃”就是主動(dòng)強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，也就是打掃過(guò)了，現(xiàn)在不需要打掃了。情景2

假設(shè)，你媽媽問(wèn)你昨天做了什么，那肯定是用：Icleanedtheroomyesterday

一般過(guò)去時(shí)

表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或單純敘述過(guò)去的事情，

強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作；

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

過(guò)去發(fā)生的，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，

強(qiáng)調(diào)的是影響Isawthisfilmyesterday.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)看的動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.

（強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響，電影的內(nèi)容已經(jīng)知道了。）現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-定義理解1）Ihavefinishedmyhomework2）LucyhaslivedShenyangfortenyears3）Ihavelostmypen.已完成持續(xù)性有影響現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-定義一1）Ihavefinishedmyhomework2）Hehasalreadycome定義一：動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成影響或產(chǎn)生結(jié)果標(biāo)志詞：already,yet,just,ever,never,beforealready已經(jīng),yet還，仍然,never從不,just僅僅,只是ever曾經(jīng),從來(lái)before在---之前,

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-定義二1）IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.2）IhavelivedinShenyangsince1990.定義二：過(guò)去已經(jīng)開(kāi)始，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)標(biāo)志詞：for,sincefor+時(shí)間段since+時(shí)間點(diǎn)

since用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作起始時(shí)間“自從……”

加時(shí)間點(diǎn)或句子for用來(lái)說(shuō)明動(dòng)作延續(xù)時(shí)間長(zhǎng)度“長(zhǎng)達(dá)……”加時(shí)間段

Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.

IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.

Myaunthasworkedinacompanysince1949.

Ihavenotheardfrommyuncleforalongtime.比較since和for注意：并非有for作為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)的句子都用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)

Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.

(我現(xiàn)在已不在這里工作。)

Ihaveworkedhereformanyyears.

(現(xiàn)在我仍在這里工作。)選用for和since填空:1.Wehaven’tseeneachother______alongtime.2.Hisfatherhasbeeninthefactory______10yearsago.3.Thefilmhasbeenon______20minutes.4.MrGreenhasworkedhere______hecametoChina.5.Hisgrandparentshavebeendead______severalyears.6.It’sfiveyears_______wemetlasttimeforsinceforsinceforsince現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-基本機(jī)構(gòu)IhavestudiedEnglishforsixyears.肯定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+過(guò)去分詞（done)+其他否定句：主語(yǔ)+have/has+not+done+其他疑問(wèn)句：把have，has提前構(gòu)成

have/has+done

過(guò)去分詞的構(gòu)成1.直接加-ed。如：play-played2.以字母e結(jié)尾的直接加d。如：name-named3.以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed。如：carry-carried4.重讀閉音節(jié)且末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫這個(gè)輔音字母再加-ed。如：stop-stopped5.不規(guī)則變化AAA,ABB,ABC,AAB,ABAI’vealreadyhaddinner.I________________dinner______.2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.He________________hishomework_________.3.Mum’scookedthedinner.Mum_______________thedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Susan________________Englishatschool.haven’thadyethasn’t

finishedyethasn’tcookedhasn’tlearned把下列句子改為否定句I’vealreadyhaddinner.

2.Hehasjustfinishedhishomework.

3.Mum’scookedthedinner.4.Susan’slearnedEnglishatschool.Haveyoualreadyhaddinner?Hashejustfinishedhishomework?Hasmumcookedthedinner?HasSusanlearnedEnglishatschool?把下列句子改為一般疑問(wèn)句例題.Hurryup!Theplay_______fortenminutes.A.hasbeenonB.hasbegunC.hadbegunD.began現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞begin---

beon瞬間動(dòng)詞&延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞英語(yǔ)當(dāng)中的動(dòng)詞按其動(dòng)作發(fā)生的方式、動(dòng)作發(fā)生過(guò)程的長(zhǎng)短，可分為延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示能夠延續(xù)的動(dòng)作，這種動(dòng)作可以延續(xù)下去或產(chǎn)生持久影響瞬間動(dòng)詞表示一剎那間發(fā)生并立即消失的動(dòng)作現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞White先生已經(jīng)去世2年了。死，去世瞬間動(dòng)詞還是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞？Mr.Whitehasdiedfortwoyears.Mr.Whitehasbeendeadfortwoyears總結(jié)：瞬間動(dòng)詞不能與時(shí)間段時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)（for，howlong,since）連用，瞬間動(dòng)詞必須改寫成延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞。

現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞arrive,come→behere,beindie→bedeadgoout→beoutborrow→keepleave,move→beawaybegin,start→beonbuy→havefinish,end→beoverjoin→beinclose→beclosedfallasleep→beasleep1.Themandiedfiveyearsago.Theman______________forfiveyears..2.Themeetingbegantwominutesago.Themeeting_______________fortwominutes3.Weborrowedtwobookslastweek.We_____

thetwobooksforaweek.4.Whendidthetrainarrivehere?Howlong_____thetrain____here?havekepthasbeendeadhas現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-練習(xí)-瞬間動(dòng)詞和延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞hasbeenonbeenAsisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.LuXun,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.HeisfromtheSouth,aswecantellfromhisaccent.Hemarriedher,whichwasunexpected.1.Theycametoourschoolin1980.

Theyhavebeeninourschoolsince1980.2.---Where’sJim?---HehasgonetoGuiling.3.TheWhitehavegonetotheU.S.A.Theywon’tcomeback.4.Ihavebeenthereonlyoncethisyear.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)-練習(xí)-havegoneto;havebeento;havebeenin過(guò)去完成時(shí)-基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)整合1、定義：過(guò)去的過(guò)去2、時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：before,bytheendoflastyear(term,month...)3、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：had+done4、否定形式：had+not+done過(guò)去的過(guò)去：1.過(guò)去某一時(shí)間之前就完成的事情：JanehadleftbeforeIarrived.我來(lái)到之前，簡(jiǎn)就走了.用法1過(guò)去的過(guò)去：2.從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)到過(guò)去的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài):Bythetimewegotthecinema,themoviehadbeenonforfiveminutes.用法2Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkbeforemymothercamehome.finishedmyhomeworkmymothercamehomepresentpastfutureMymothercamehomeafterIhadfinishedmyhomework.IShewenthomeaftershehadtypedtheletter.typedtheletterwenthomepresentpastfutureShehadtypedtheletterbeforeshewenthome.she過(guò)去完成時(shí)的判斷依據(jù):1.由時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)來(lái)判定：一般說(shuō)來(lái)，各種時(shí)態(tài)都有特定的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。與過(guò)去完成時(shí)連用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：(1)by+過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：昨天晚上九點(diǎn)前我已經(jīng)讀完這本小說(shuō)了。Ihadfinishedreadingthenovelbynineo'clocklastnight.(2)bytheendof+

過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：截止到上學(xué)期末，我們已經(jīng)學(xué)了兩千多個(gè)英文單詞了。WehadlearnedovertwothousandEnglishwordsbytheendoflastterm.(3)before+

過(guò)去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)。如：上周三以前他們已經(jīng)種了六百棵樹(shù)了。TheyhadplantedsixhundredtreesbeforelastWednesday.2.由“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”來(lái)判定：兩個(gè)動(dòng)作有先后關(guān)系，動(dòng)作

在前的用過(guò)去完成時(shí)，在后的用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。

這種用法常出現(xiàn)在：

賓語(yǔ)從句中:當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)從句的主句為一般過(guò)去時(shí)，且從句的動(dòng)作先于主句的動(dòng)作時(shí)，從句要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。在told,said,knew,heard,thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語(yǔ)從句。如：她說(shuō)她以前看過(guò)這電影。Shesaidthatshehadseenthefilmbefore.Hetoldmehe___________(meet)herbefore.ShethankedmeforwhatI___________(do)forherson.I_____________(learn)300wordsbytheendoflastmonth.He_________(leave)hisofficewhenIarrivedthere.She__________(visit)thecitythreetimesbeforeshediedin1997.Theyknewshe_______________(borrow)alotofmoneyforherdaughter.hadmethaddonehadlearnthadlefthadvisitedhadborrowed現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和過(guò)去完成時(shí)的區(qū)別1）根據(jù)定義2）看標(biāo)志詞現(xiàn)在●●●●現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)PresentPerfect過(guò)去完成時(shí)PastPerfect現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響過(guò)去完成時(shí)，以過(guò)去時(shí)間為基點(diǎn)，強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)去的過(guò)去辨析Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.LuXun,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.HeisfromtheSouth,aswecantellfromhisaccent.Hemarriedher,whichwasunexpected.Thestudents______busilywhenMissBrownwenttogetabookshe________intheoffice.A.hadwritten,leftB.werewriting,hasleftC.hadwritten,hadleftD.werewriting,hadleft過(guò)去完成時(shí)-概念理解過(guò)去的過(guò)去Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.LuXun,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.HeisfromtheSouth,aswecantellfromhisaccent.Hemarriedher,whichwasunexpected.1.He_____inthefactoryforthreeyearsbeforehejoinedtheArmy.

A.hasworkedB.worksC.hadworkedD.willwork2.Bytheendoflastweek,they____thebridge.A.hascompletedB.completedC.willcompleteD.hadcompleted過(guò)去完成時(shí)

專項(xiàng)練習(xí)Asisknowntoall,Chinaisadevelopingcountry.LuXun,asyouknow,isafamouswriter.HeisfromtheSouth,aswecantellfromhisaccent.Hemarriedher,whichwasunexpected.

1.---MayIspeaktoMrSmith?---Soryy,he_____Australia.Buthe_____intwodays.A.hasbeento;willcomebackB.hasg