幼師英語Unit10兒童的認知發(fā)展簡介

幼師英語Unit10兒童的認知發(fā)展簡介第1頁/共53頁PracticeforChildren`sEnglishTeachingSkills

1、Playthefollowinggameforchildren.2、Readtheexpressionsforclassroommanagement3、Readthefollowingstory4、Readthefollowingrhymes5、Readthefollowingchants6、Singthefollowingsong第2頁/共53頁1、Playthefollowinggameforchildren.

WeatherCards（天氣卡片）Firstly,teacherpastesaglobalmaponthewall.Andthensetsoutsomecards,onthemtherearesomesymbolsrepresentingweatherofsunny,cloudy,rainyandsoon.Onechildsaysabouttheweatherinsomeplace,forexampleas“Londonisrainy.”O(jiān)therchildrenshouldpickuptherainycardassoonaspossibleandpastethecardonthemapwhererepresentLondon.Whoisfast,whoisthewinner.第3頁/共53頁2、Readtheexpressionsforclassroommanagement

（1）排隊！Lineup!（2）立正！Attention!（3）站站直！Straightenup!（4）報數(shù)。Countoff.（5）一個跟著一個走。Gooneafteranother.第4頁/共53頁第5頁/共53頁彎彎膝蓋。Bendyourknees.（8）（9）游戲的名字叫…。Thenameofthegameis…./Thegameiscalled….（10）碰碰腳趾。Touchyourtoes.拍拍手。Clapyourhands.第6頁/共53頁第7頁/共53頁（15）跳得高。Jumphigh.（16）往后跨。Stepbackward.（17）往前跨。Stepforward.（18）站成一條直線。Standinaline.第8頁/共53頁3、Readthefollowingstory

TheStorm（暴風(fēng)雨）Afriendofminehasabeautifulfour-year-olddaughter.Sheissmartandlovestotalk.Ifacontestwerebeingheldforthecutestlittlegirl,shewouldwinhandsdown.Onenighttherewasaviolentthunderstorm.Thelightningflashedandthethunderrumbled--itwas第9頁/共53頁oneofthosescarystormsthatforceeveryonetostopandtrembleabit.Myfriendranupstairstohisdaughter’sbedroomtoseeifshewasafraidandtotellherthateverythingwouldbeallright.Hegottoherroomandfoundherstandingonthewindowsill,againsttheglass.Whenheshouted“Whatareyoudoing?”,sheturnedawayfromtheflashinglightningandhappilysaid,“IthinkGodistryingtotakemypicture.”

第10頁/共53頁4、Readthefollowingrhymes

ItIsRaining（下雨了）

Itisraining,itisraining,Onmyhead,onmyhead.Pitter,patter,raindrops,Pitter,patter,raindrops,I’mallwet!I’mallwet!第11頁/共53頁

Rainbow(彩虹)

Rainbowpurple,rainbowblue,Rainbowgreenandyellow,too.Rainboworange,rainbowred,Rainbowshiningoverhead.第12頁/共53頁Snow（雪）

Snowcold,snowsoft,Snowclean,snowwhite.Withthesnowballs,Theboyswillfight.第13頁/共53頁TheSun（太陽）

Thesunisup,Betweenthetrees.Towakethebirds.Thesunisupandshining.第14頁/共53頁WindTricks（風(fēng)兒戲法）Thewindisfulloftrickstoday.Itblewournewspaperaway.Itchasedthetrashcandownthestreet,Andalmostblewusoffourfeet!第15頁/共53頁Clouds（云）WhenIlookintothesky,Icanseethecloudsgoby.Theydon’tevermakeasound,Asthewindspushthemaround.Pushthemaround.Somegofastandsomegoslow.Iwonderwherethecloudsallgo.第16頁/共53頁5、ReadthefollowingchantsHotandHumid（又熱又濕）It’shottoday.It’shottoday.Hotandhumid.Hotandhumid.It’shottoday.It’shottoday.Isn’tit?Isn’tit?Itsureis.Itsureis.第17頁/共53頁HotandhumidHotandhumidToohot.Toohot.Muchtoohot.Muchtoohot.Toohottowork.Toohottowork.Toohottoplay.Toohottoplay.Toohottowalktoworktoday.Toohottowalktoworktoday.It’shottoday.It’shottoday.第18頁/共53頁HotandhumidHotandhumidToohot.Toohot.Muchtoohot.Muchtoohot.Toohottowork.Toohottowork.Toohottoplay.Toohottoplay.Toohottowalktoworktoday.Toohottowalktoworktoday.第19頁/共53頁RainonMyUmbrella

（雨點落在我傘上）

Dripdrip,drip,drip,Dripdrip,drip,drip,Dripdrip,drip.Dripdrip,drip.Rainonmyumbrella,Rainonmyumbrella.Neverstops.Dripdrip,drip.第20頁/共53頁6、Singthefollowingsong

第21頁/共53頁

Questionsfortextdiscussion

第22頁/共53頁relate v. 講,敘述;使聯(lián)系;與…有聯(lián)系/關(guān)系mental adj. 精神的,智力的literacy n. 有讀寫能力provide v. 供應(yīng),供給,準備relevant adj. 有關(guān)的,適當?shù)腸ritically adv. 批判性地第23頁/共53頁reason v.推理,推斷,分析

direct vt. 指引,指導(dǎo)manipulate vt. 操作,擺布,控制

inquire v. 詢問,問明classify vt. 分類,分等label vt.貼標簽于;把…歸類compare v. 比較,相比,第24頁/共53頁experiment vi. 嘗試,進行實驗

meaningful adj. 意味深長的cognition n.認識能力achievement n. 成就,功績peer n. 同齡人,同等的人manipulative adj. 用手控制的,巧妙處理的progress vi. 前進,進步,第25頁/共53頁reinforce vt. 加強,強化original adj. 新穎的，獨創(chuàng)的;有獨到見解的inwords 用語言；口頭上第26頁/共53頁Children’sCognitiveDevelopment

Cognitivedevelopmentisaboutknowingandthinking.Itrelatestoknowledgeandhowthatknowledgeisacquired.Asyoubegintoplanforchildreninthisdevelopmentalfocusarea,considerchildren’sdevelopmentofmentalabilities,language,memory,creativity,communication,andliteracy.第27頁/共53頁Thesettingthatenhancescognitivedevelopmentisonethatprovidesinterestingandrelevantopportunitiesforchildrentodeveloptheirthinkingandcommunicationabilities.Playallowsthechildtothinkcritically---tosee,toexploreandtoreason.Thenaturalcuriosityofchildrendirectstheirinterestinsolvingaproblem.Themanipulatingandexploringofrealobjectsencourageschildrentodiscover,toinquire,toremember,toclassify,tolabel,tocompare,andtoseecauseandeffect.第28頁/共53頁

Thesearecriticalthinkingskillsthatemergewhenchildrenareallowedtoexperimentandmakemeaningfulchoices.Thelanguageorlanguagesachildacquiresarethefirstandmostapparentoutcomethatindicatescognitionisdeveloping.第29頁/共53頁

Thecapabilitytothinkaboutideasandthentocommunicatethoseideasinwordsisasignificantcognitiveachievement.Languageisthefoundationtoachild’sinteractionwithfamilyandpeers.Languageaffectsemotionalbehaviorsaswell.第30頁/共53頁Teachersshouldencouragechildrentoreasonandtocommunicatethroughoutthedaywithexploratoryandmanipulativematerials.Cognitivegrowthprogressesaschildrenacquireskillsincriticalthinkingandlanguage.Youwillsupportchildrenintheircognitivedevelopmentandlanguagedevelopmentbyhelpingthemtorecognizenewideasandbyreinforcingtheiroriginalandcreativeideas.

第31頁/共53頁1.Itrelatestoknowledgehowthatknowledgeisacquired.它與知識有關(guān)，與怎樣獲得知識有關(guān)。（1）relatevt.講，敘述：使聯(lián)系；顯示…的關(guān)系：e.g.Herelatedwhathehadseeninthetheatre.他把在劇場中所看到的情況敘述了一遍。TheBelgianlanguageiscloselyrelatedtoFrench.比利時語與法語密切相關(guān)。第32頁/共53頁

（2）vi.與…有聯(lián)系/關(guān)系(常與to連用)：e.g.Sheisconcernedonlyaboutwhatrelatestoherself.她只關(guān)心與自己有關(guān)的事。第33頁/共53頁2.Thesettingthatenhancescognitivedevelopmentisonethatprovidesinterestingandrelevantopportunitiesforchildrentodeveloptheirthinkingandcommunicationabilities.提高認知發(fā)展的環(huán)境只有一個，那就是為發(fā)展兒童的思維和交際能力提供有趣的和適當?shù)臋C會。第34頁/共53頁（1）provide(sth.)forsb./sth.為…提供；為…做準備；

為…提供生計，贍養(yǎng)e.g.Thelocalgovernmentprovidedspecialbusesfortheguests.地方政府為賓客提供了專車。Wemustprovideforthefuture.我們必須為將來做好準備。Hehasawifeandsevenchildrentoprovidefor.他需要贍養(yǎng)妻子和七個孩子。

（2）provide(sb.)withsth.給…提供e.g.BeijingUniversityprovidedherwithanallowancewhenshewasstudyingthere.北京大學(xué)在她學(xué)習(xí)期間給她提供了津貼。第35頁/共53頁3.---tosee,toexploreandtoreason.---去看，去探索，去推理。reasonvi/vt.推理,思維;講道理(常與with連用);推斷,分析(常接that賓語從句)：e.g.Animalsdonothavetheabilitytoreason.禽獸沒有思維能力。Itisuselesstoreasonwithher.跟她講道理沒用Hereasonedthatsinceshehadnotansweredhislettershemusthavelefthere.他推斷，由于她沒有給他回信，她一定是已經(jīng)離開這里了。第36頁/共53頁4.Themanipulatingandexploringofrealobjects…擺弄和探究真實的實物…manipulatevt.操作,擺布,控制e.g.Hequicklylearnedhowtomanipulatethecontrolsofaplane.他很快學(xué)會了操作飛機的操縱裝置。Itisasimplemattertomanipulatesuchasituation.控制這種局面是很簡單的事情。第37頁/共53頁5.…toseecauseandeffect.…去看原因與結(jié)果。

（1）causen.原因,起因;e.g.Smokingisthebiggestpreventablecauseofdeathanddisease...在可以預(yù)防的引發(fā)死亡和疾病的因素當中，吸煙排在第一位…（2）vt.引起,導(dǎo)致,造成e.g.Theearthquakecausedgreatdamage.地震造成很大損害。第38頁/共53頁第39頁/共53頁7.Thelanguageorlanguagesachildacquiresarethefirstandmostapparentoutcomethatindicatescognitionisdeveloping.兒童獲得的一種或幾種語言是最早的、最明顯的，表明認知在發(fā)展的結(jié)果。第40頁/共53頁8.Thecapabilitytothinkaboutideasandthentocommunicatethoseideasinwordsisasignificantcognitiveachievement.考慮想法的能力和隨后用語言交流那些想法，是個有重要意義的認知成就。inwords用語言；口頭上e.g.Thebeautyofthescenecannotbeexpressedinwords.景色之美無法用言語表達。Ifoundithardtoconveymyfeelingsinwords.我覺得難以用言語來表達我的感情。第41頁/共53頁9.Cognitivegrowthprogressesaschildrenacquireskillsincriticalthinkingandlanguage.在兒童獲得批判性思維和語言技巧時，認知發(fā)展進步了。

（1）progressn.前進；進步e.g.Themedicalcommunitycontinuestomakeprogressinthefightagainstcancer.醫(yī)學(xué)界在抗癌的斗爭中不斷取得進步。（2）vi.前進；發(fā)展；進步e.g.Weareprogressingfairlywiththework.我們正在順利地進行工作。Sheisprogressinginherstudies.她學(xué)習(xí)有進步。第42頁/共53頁第43頁/共53頁

St.Patrick'sDaySt.Patrick'sDayiscelebratedonMarch17,thesaint'sreligiousfeastdayandtheanniversaryofhisdeathinthefifthcentury.TheIrishhaveobservedthisdayasareligiousholidayforover1,000years.OnSt.Patrick'sDayIrishfamilieswouldtraditionallyattendchurchinthemorningandcelebrateintheafternoon.第44頁/共53頁Peoplewoulddance,drinkandfeast--onthetraditionalmealofIrishbaconandcabbage.SaintPatrick,wholivedduringthefifthcentury,isthepatronsaintandnationalapostleofIreland.BorninRomanBritain,hewaskidnappedandbroughttoIrelandasaslaveattheageof16.Helaterescaped,butreturnedtoIrelandandwascreditedwithbringingChristianitytoitspeople.

第45頁/共53頁InthecenturiesfollowingPatrick'sdeath(believedtohavebeenonMarch17,461),themythologysurroundinghislifebecameevermoreingrainedintheIrishculture:PerhapsthemostwellknownlegendisthatheexplainedtheHolyTrinity(Father,SonandHolySpirit)usingthethreeleavesofanativeIrishclover,theshamrock.第46頁/共53頁

Inmodern-dayIreland,St.Patrick'sDaywastraditionallybeenareligiousoccasion.Infact,upu