高考英語(yǔ)外刊閱讀學(xué)案：有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的好處

個(gè)性化教學(xué)方案 主題語(yǔ)境：自然科學(xué)研究成果體裁：說(shuō)明文閱讀建議時(shí)長(zhǎng)：7min原文出處：VOANews詞數(shù)：320難度：★★★★文章導(dǎo)讀：

人口逐漸增多，我們的生活水平也日益提升，但我們也面臨著諸多問(wèn)題。為了解決這些問(wèn)題，有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)似乎是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的方法。它能帶來(lái)什么好處呢？BenefitsofOrganicFarming有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)的好處Asthepopulationstartedincreasing,theworldisfacinghealthissuesduetotheoveruseofchemicalsinourfarmingproducetomeetdemandandsupply.Nowadays,mostofthepeoplearesufferingfromsomeorotherhealthdiseaseinfamilies.

Organicfarmingisanapproachwithwhichyoucanproducehigh-qualityorganicfoodwithouttheuseofharmfulchemicals,whichisthemostenvironment-friendlyagriculturesystem.

Manyagrochemicalmanufacturingcompanies①

areseeingorganicfarmingasthenextwaveofagriculture.Itisanentirelynaturalandsustainablefarmmanagementpracticethatisvalue-based,andinotherwords,organicfarmingisnotjustapractice.Still,itisaphilosophyofworkingtogetherwithnature.Itisafarmmanagementapproachthataimstocreateanenvironmentally,socially,andeconomicallysustainablefood-producingsystem.Moreprecisely,organicfarmingisprimarilybasedonmanagingtheagriculturalecosystem②insteadofrelyingonexternalfarmingsourcessuchaspesticides,andgeneticallymodifiedorganisms③.Thebenefitsoforganicfarminghaveamoresustainableimpactontheenvironmentaroundusduetothemethodusedbyfarmers.Thesoilismoreabundantinnutrientssuchasnitrogenandmuchhealthierforbiodiversity④.Agrochemicalsmanufacturingcompanyisworkingonincreasingtheproductionoforganicfertilizersduetotheincreasingdemandforit.Organicfoodisnotonlyhealthybutalsohelpfulinthegrowingeconomywithapositiveimpact.Consideringitsvastmajorityoffarms,youcanuseaconventionalmethodtosupportthisgrowingindustry.Researchshowsthatpesticidescanhurttheneurologicaldevelopmentofthechildandfetuses.Pesticidesfoodcandamagetheirsmalltissuesslowlyandcanleadtomoresignificanthealthdiseasessuchasheartattackorcancer.OrganiccanbehelpfultoimprovetheADHD⑤conditionsinchildrenandcansavethemforthelongterm.Ifyouwanttohavebettergenerations,start

mixing

organicfoodintheirdiet.

文化拓展

①agrochemicalmanufacturingcompanies：農(nóng)用化學(xué)品制造公司

②ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)該詞是由eco+system組合而成，eco-前綴通常表示“經(jīng)濟(jì)，生態(tài)”之意，如：economy經(jīng)濟(jì)；ecology生態(tài)學(xué)

③geneticallymodifiedorganisms：基因修飾生物

科學(xué)家們?cè)诓粚?dǎo)入外源基因的情況下，通過(guò)對(duì)生物體本身遺傳物質(zhì)的加工、敲除、屏蔽等方法改變生物體的遺傳特性，獲得人們希望得到的性狀。在此類情形下，沒(méi)有轉(zhuǎn)入外源基因，嚴(yán)格說(shuō)就不能再稱為轉(zhuǎn)基因，稱為“基因修飾”更加合適和全面，因此現(xiàn)在開(kāi)始用“GeneticallyModifiedOrganisms（簡(jiǎn)稱GMOs）”，即“基因修飾生物”，來(lái)代替早期的“TransgenicOrganisms”（轉(zhuǎn)基因）。

④biodiversity：生物多樣性。bio-是英語(yǔ)詞根，常見(jiàn)意思表達(dá)“生命、生物”

如：biologyn.生物學(xué)；biochemistryn.生物化學(xué)；biophysics

n.生物物理學(xué)

⑤ADHD：一般指注意缺陷與多動(dòng)障礙，俗稱多動(dòng)癥。

多動(dòng)癥表現(xiàn)為注意集中時(shí)間短暫，注意力易分散，他們常常不能把無(wú)關(guān)刺激過(guò)濾掉，對(duì)各種刺激都會(huì)產(chǎn)生反應(yīng)。因此，患者在聽(tīng)課、做作業(yè)或做其它事情時(shí)，注意力常常難以保持持久，好發(fā)愣走神；經(jīng)常因周圍環(huán)境中的動(dòng)靜而分心，并東張西望或接話茬；做事往往難以持久，常常一件事未做完，又去做另一件事；難以始終地遵守指令而完成要求完成的任務(wù)等。詞匯積累核心詞匯釋義sustainable/s??ste?n?bl/

adj.

可持續(xù)的；合理利用的sustain

v.維持

sustainability

n.

可持續(xù)性

sustainablyadv.

可持續(xù)地precisely/pr??sa?sl?/

adv.準(zhǔn)確地，精確地；正是precise

adj.

準(zhǔn)確的，精確的；恰好primarily/?pra?m?r?l?/

adv.

主要地；根本地primary

adj.主要的，基本的；最初的

n.初選abundant/??b?nd?nt/adj.

大量的；豐盛的abundance

n.豐盛；充裕support/s??p??t/

v.

支持，支撐；贍養(yǎng)supporter

n.

支持者；擁護(hù)者

supportable

adj.

能支持住的；可忍受的

supportiveadj.

給予幫助的；支持的mix

/m?ks/v.混合；（使）摻和mixture

n.混合物haveanimpacton/upon對(duì)……有影響

拓展詞匯釋義pesticide

/?pest?sa?d/n.

殺蟲(chóng)劑；除害藥物nutrient

/?nju?tr??nt/n.營(yíng)養(yǎng)物，營(yíng)養(yǎng)素nitrogen

/?na?tr?d??n/

n.氮neurological

/?nj??.r?‘l?d?.?.k?l/adj.神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)的fetus/?fi?t?s/

n.胎兒金句賞析1.Organicfarmingisanapproachwithwhichyoucanproducehigh-qualityorganicfoodwithouttheuseofharmfulchemicals,whichisthemostenvironment-friendlyagriculturesystem.

【句意】有機(jī)農(nóng)業(yè)是一種在不使用有害化學(xué)物質(zhì)的情況下生產(chǎn)高質(zhì)量有機(jī)食品的方法，是最環(huán)保的農(nóng)業(yè)系統(tǒng)。

【句式剖析】

句子主干：Organicfarmingisanapproach...

①withwhichyoucanproducehigh-qualityorganicfoodwithouttheuseofharmfulchemicals是“介詞+which”引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，which指代前面的名詞approach；

②withouttheuseofharmfulchemicals是介詞短語(yǔ)作伴隨狀語(yǔ)；

③whichisthemostenvironment-friendlyagriculturesystem是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which的先行詞為organicfarming。

2.

Consideringitsvastmajorityoffarms,youcanuseaconventionalmethodtosupportthisgrowingindustry.

【句意】考慮到它的絕大多數(shù)農(nóng)場(chǎng)，你可以使用傳統(tǒng)的方法來(lái)支持這個(gè)不斷增長(zhǎng)的行業(yè)。

【句式剖析】

句子主干：...youcanuse

aconventionalmethod...

句中considering此處意為“鑒于；考慮到”。還可以在considering后添加that，在句子作連詞，引導(dǎo)的句子通常為原因狀語(yǔ)從句，類似的有：given

(that)

，seeingthat等。如：

Given

(that)heisachild,youshouldn’tblamehimforthisaccident.

鑒于他是個(gè)小孩，你不應(yīng)該為這次事故責(zé)怪他。

Seeing

(that)nobodywasveryenthusiasticaboutthetrip,theydecidedtocanceltheplan.

鑒于沒(méi)人對(duì)旅行表現(xiàn)出熱情，他們決定取消這項(xiàng)計(jì)劃。配套練習(xí)一、單句語(yǔ)法填空1171a9be-7c3c-40f5-a521-bf8d0705c87f

Technologicalinnovationsineducationarehavingasignificantimpact

________educationalsystemsatalllevels.

(2)

Thereisagreat

________(abundant)ofinformationthatpointstohimasbeingthepersonplanningtheaccident.

Thesatelliteenablesustocalculatetheplane’slocation

________(precise)anywhereintheworld.

(4)

Thiskindofmagazinesistargeted

________(primary)atmiddleschoolstudents.

Toachieveenvironmental

________(sustainable),westartaprojectwhereprotectingbirdswillbeattachedimportanceto.

(6)

Thesemeasures

________(support)bymanyenvironmentalgroupsarebeingintroducedinsomecountries.(7)

Thatkindofice-creamtastinglikea

________(mix)ofbananaandstrawberryisdelicious.二、句子翻譯c212bd59-d2a8-48ee-a8d1-22ae79ef4947(1)

離開(kāi)太陽(yáng)我們無(wú)法生活，我們從太陽(yáng)那里獲得熱量和光。（介詞+which）

_________________________________________________________________________

(2)

考慮到他們?nèi)狈?jīng)驗(yàn)，他們已經(jīng)做得不錯(cuò)了。（considering）

__________________________________________________________________________三、其他9aac189b-81e5-4483-9613-192096310480(1)

Whatproblemdopeoplefacenowadaysaccordingtothepassage?

A.Thelackoffoodsupply.B.Theincreasingpopulation.C.Theoveruseofchemicalsinfarming.D.Thediseasescausedbychemicalsincrops.(2)

Whatattitudedomanyagriculturalcompaniesholdtowardsorganicfarming?A.Critical.B.Doubtful.C.Positive.D.Objective.(3)

Whyisorganicfarmingsoimportant?A.Itaimstopromotemorecropproduction.B.Itcreatesasysteminharmonywithnature.C.Itintroducesacost-freemanagementpractice.D.Ituseslesschemicalsthantraditionalagriculture.(4)

Whatconclusioncanwedrawaccordingtothelastthreeparagraphs?A.Children’sfoodshouldcontainmoreorganicfood.B.Organicfarmingismoreimportanttohealththantoeconomy.C.Tosupportorganicfarming,weshouldusemoreadvancedapproaches.D.Somemeasureshavebeentakentoincreasetheproductionoforganicfood.參考答案

外刊1配套練習(xí)一、單句語(yǔ)法填空【答案】1.on/upon

2.abundance

3.precisely

4.primarily

5.sustainability

6.supported

7.mixture

二、句子翻譯【答案】1.Wecan’tlivewithoutthesunfromwhichwegetheat