中考指南：一般過去時

中考指南：一般過去時一般過去時主要表示過去某時發(fā)生的動作或情況。可以從以下幾個方面來理解：1）過去某個時間所發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)。.Iboughtanewshirtyesterday.Hewasaworkertwoyears）過去一段時間內(nèi)，經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動作。.WhenIwasachild,Ioftenplayedwithfire.LiLeialwayswalkedtoschoollast）談到已故人的情況時多用過去時。.LuXunwasagreat）有些發(fā)生時間不是很清楚的情況，實際是過去發(fā)生的，也應(yīng)用過去時態(tài)。.Whatdidyousay?另外，.Couldyoulendmeyourpen?表委婉語氣.Couldyoutellmewhereyouhavebeen?其結(jié)構(gòu)是"主語+動詞的過去式"。be動詞的過去式為was,were；行為動詞的過去式有規(guī)則變化和不規(guī)則變化兩種，規(guī)則變化有以下幾種情況：1）直接在動詞原形末尾加-ed..work-----worked;ask------asked;2）以e結(jié)尾的動詞只加-d..arrive-----arrived;末尾只有一個輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié),應(yīng)先雙寫這個輔音字母,再加-ed..shop-----shopped;stop----stopped,plan---planned;4)以"輔音字母+y"結(jié)尾的動詞,先把y變成i,再加-ed..carry----carried;study------studied.有些動詞變過去式是不規(guī)則的見表要牢記,.fly------flew;break-----broke;teach-----taught.這些需要象生單詞一樣記住.其句式變化分為兩種情況1)含有be動詞的依然在be上做文章..Iwasbornin1980.Iwasnotbornin1980.Wereyoubornin1980?2)含有行為動詞的變否定句要在行為動詞前加助動詞didn't.,同時把動詞變成原形;變一般疑問句,在句首加助動詞did,同時把動詞變成原形..Iboughtagiftformymumyesterday.Ididn'tbuyagiftformymumyesterday.Didyoubuyagiftforyourmumyesterday?其時間狀語為yesterday或由其構(gòu)成的短語,.yesterdaymorning;由"last+時間"構(gòu)成的短語,.lastyear;由"時間段+ago"構(gòu)成的短語,.threedaysago;另外,還有onthemorningofMonday,justnow等,以及一些表示過去時態(tài)的從句.注意,在賓語從句中主句為過去,一般從句也為過去.常見錯誤如下:一把動詞變成過去式易出錯例:1Theystopped(stop)talkingjustnow.2Theyplayed(play)footballyesterday.答案:1stopped2played解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:"動詞變成過去式,雙寫規(guī)律要牢記;y前若是輔音字,y變i加-ed;y前若是元音字,只須直接加-ed."二忘記把動詞變成過去式例:Ifly(fly)kitesontheafternoonofSunday.答案:flew解析:我們可以記住下面的口訣:"一般過去時態(tài)里,過去形式莫忘記".自主檢測:（一）選擇1Shelivedtherebeforehe____toChina.A.cameB.comesC.comeD.coming2I_____but_____nothing.A.waslistened;washearingB.listened;heardC.havelistened;heardD.listened;heardof3Whendidyou____here?A.gottoB.reachedC.arriveinD.reach4I____myhomeworkat7:00yesterdayevening.A.finishedB.wouldfinishC.wasfinishingD.finish5-Hedidn'tgoshoppingwithyouyesterdayafternoon,didhe?-_______.A.No,hedoesn'tB.Yes,hedidn'tC.No,hedidD.Yes,hedid.6-Ihavehadsupper.-When____you____it?A.have;hadB.do,haveC.did,haveD.willhave答案:1A2B3D4A5D6C（二）填空1They____(be)onthefarmamomentago.2There____(be)ashopnotlongago.3Jenny____(notgo)tobeduntil11:00o'clocklastnight.4Danny_____(read)Englishfiveminutesago.5I_____(see)LiLei____(go)outjustnow.6He____(do)hishomeworkeveryday.Buthe__(notdo)ityesterday.7WhenIwasyoung,I_____(play)gameswithmyfriends.8When____you_____(write)thisbook?I_____itlastyear.9Didhe____(have)lunchathome?10I_____(eat)thebread,I'mfullnow.答案:1were2was3didn'tgo4read5sawgo6does;didn'tdo7played8didwrite;wrote9have10haveeaten三在句式變換時易出錯例:1Wedidn'twent(notgo)outlastFriday.2Didyouhad(have)agoodtimeyesterday?答案:1didn'tgo2Didhave解析:請記住口訣"見助動,用原形."四易與單三人稱作主語的一般現(xiàn)在時弄混例:Hetaught(teach)meEnglishlastyear答案:taught解析:行為動詞的過去式無人稱和數(shù)的變化.即使主語是單三人稱,也和其它人稱所用動詞的形式一樣.五易與現(xiàn)在完成時