2021-2022學(xué)年河南省開(kāi)封市統(tǒng)招專升本英語(yǔ)自考真題(含答案)

2021-2022學(xué)年河南省開(kāi)封市統(tǒng)招專升本英語(yǔ)自考真題(含答案)學(xué)校:________班級(jí):________姓名:________考號(hào):________

一、單選題(10題)1.Realizingthathehadn’tenoughmoneyand_____toborrowfromhisfather,hedecidedtosellhiswatch（）

A.notwantedB.nottowantC.notwantingD.wantingnot

2.HowIwishI________torepairthewatch!Ionlymadeitworse（）

A.hadtriedB.hadn’ttriedC.didn’ttryD.havetried

3.It’shightimewe_____strictmeasurestostoppollution（）

A.willtakeB.takeC.tookD.havetaken

4.Thenumberofemployeesatthefactorytoaminimumsoastolowerproductioncosts（）

A.iscuttingB.arecuttingC.hasbeencutD.havebeencut

5.Thehotelcouldn’toffer（）forallfourofus

A.alargeenoughroom

B.alargeroomenough

C.anenoughlargeroom

D.aroomenoughlarge

6.SomepeoplewouldliketodoshoppingonSundayssincetheyexpect

topickupwonderful_______inthemarket（）

A.batteriesB.bargainsC.basketsD.barrels

7.Whenthefoggotthickerthesearchforthatmissingmanwas（）

A.calledatB.calledupC.calledonD.calledoff

8.TheolderIget,themoreIvaluefriends,yetthetimeIhaveinmaintainingoldfriendship（）

A.fewB.fewerC.littleD.less

9.Smokingisnotgood（）youbecauseitcanaffectyourhealth

A.forB.atC.toD.on

10.Radio,televisionandpressareofconveyingnewsandinformation（）

A.themostthreecommonmeans

B.thethreemostcommonmeans

C.themostcommonthreemeans

D.threethemostcommonmeans

二、選詞填空題(10題)11.3.____

12.Studentsatuniversitycanlearnandmakefriends1willlastalifetime.However,thecostofstudyingisontherise.Thisincreasemeansthatmoststudentscangetintomoneytrouble2theydonotknowhowtomanagetheirmoney.Itisnotjustthecoursefees.Studentsmustalso3forroomandboard.Inaddition,theymayspendmoney4clothes,travel,andotherthings.Thus,studentsneedtobudget5.Atmostuniversitiesteacherscangivestudentssuggestionsonhowtospendtheirmoney.Thefirstthingtheysuggestistowritedownyour6,forexample,themoneyyouwillgetfromyourfamilyorapart-timejob.Thenlistallofyourexpenses.Putyourexpensesintotwo7:thosethatchange(food,books,travel),andthosethatwillstaythesame(tuition,roomandboard).Addtogetherallofyourexpenses.Whenyoudothis,youfinditis8toplanoutyourbudget.Thismeansyoucansaveyourmoney,ratherthantryingto9fromothers.Asyoucansee,thereismoretolearnatuniversitythanjust10istaughtintheclassroom.____

13.Researchershavefoundthatpeoplewhogotoconcerts,showsandmuseumscanlivelongerthan1whodonot.ExpertsfromUniversityCollegeLondonhavebeenexaminingthelifestylesofover6,700Britishpeople215years.They3howoftenthepeoplewentoutandwhatkindsofeventstheyattended.Theyfoundthatpeopleover50yearsold4regularlywenttoconcertswereabout30percent5likelytodieoverthenext14years.Theresearcherssaidtheover50scouldextendtheirlife6engagingwiththearts.Inadditiontolivinglongerconcertgoerscouldalsohavemorefun.TheUKHealthSecretaryMattHancockbelievestherecouldbealotof7intheresearch.Hesaidartsandculturecould8thingslikementalhealth,agingandloneliness.He9announcedplansfortheUK’sNationalHealthServicetousetheartstohelppeopleliveahealthierlife.Oneresearchersaid,“Ourresultshighlighttheimportanceof10toexplorenewsocialfactorsthataffectourhealth.”1.____

三、情景對(duì)話(10題)14.72.____（）

15.74.____（）

16.4（）

A.IsthereaChinesefestivalinJune,too?

B.Yes,youareverysmart

C.Itsoundsveryinteresting

D.WhatdoyouusuallydoonthatdayinChina?

E.Whatapity!

17.73.____（）

18.Kay:Hello.Sue!

Sue:Hi.Kay!

Kay:71

Sue:No.Noonehastoldmeaboutthematch.72

Kay:Althoughtheopposingteamwasstrong,ourschoolwonatlast.

Sue:73Theyarereallygoodbasketballplayers.

Kay:Yes.Theycanplaybasketballbetterthanothersbecausetheypracticemuchmore.Ialwaysseethempracticingontheplaygroundinthegymandsometimesrunningaroundtheschooltrack.

Sue:74

Kay:Yes.AndeitherJohnorTimwillbechosenastheBestSchoolAthleteoftheYear.

Sue:Wow!75

Kay:Ithinkso.

A.Whowon?

B.Howhardtheypractice!

C.Theyarecool,aren'tthey?

D.Didyougotoseethebasketballgameyesterday?

E.IknowthatbothJohnandTimareontheteam

71.____（）

19.3（）

A.Iamfine.Thankyou

B.Wouldyouliketoaskmeanyquestions?

C.AndIliketravellingalot

D.BecauseIknowyourcompany’swork，andIlikeit

E.Tellme,whydoyouwanttoleaveyourpresentjob

20.5（）

A.CouldImakeanappointmentforTuesdaymorning?

B.CanIhelpyou?

C.MayIhaveyourname,please?

D.Mr.Smithisoutonbusinesstoday

E.LetmecheckMr.Smith’sdiary

21.Task1（每小題2分，共10分）

M:Hello,IwouldliketospeaktoMr.Lee.

W:66

M:ThisisLinda,youroldfriend.

W:Oh,howareyou,Linda?67

M:Mr.Smithwrotetomethatyouwerecomingtoourcity.MayIseeyouatyourhotelrightaway?

W:68Ihavetocheckmyschedule.Yes,that'sallright.

M:Great.I'llbethereinhalfanhour.

W:69

M:Oh,Ialmostforgot.What'syourroomnumber?

W:70Pleasecallmeifyoucan'tfindme.

M:I'lldothat.Seeyoulater.

A.Pleaseholdonamoment.

B.It'sNo.311onthesecondfloor.

C.ThisisLeespeaking.

D.I'mgladyoucalled.

E.Allright,I'llbeexpectingyou

66.____（）

22.M：Hello,IwouldliketospeaktoMr.Lee.

W:1

M:ThisisLinda,youroldfriend.

W:Oh,howareyou,Linda?2

M:Mr.Smithwrotetomethatyouwerecomingtoourcity.MayIseeyouatyourhotelrightaway?

W:3Ihavetocheckmyschedule.Yes,that’sallright.

M:Great.I’llbethereinhalfanhour.

W:4

M:Oh,Ialmostforgot.What’syourroomnumber?

W:5Pleasecallmeifyoucan’tfindme.

M:I’lldothat.Seeyoulater

1（）

A.Pleaseholdonamoment

B.It’sNo.311onthesecondfloor

C.ThisisLeespeaking

D.I’mgladyoucalled

E.Allright,I’llbeexpectingyou

23.67.____（）

四、翻譯(10題)24.Hespokeonbehalfofallstaffsofthecompany

25.我不在乎他們會(huì)不會(huì)否定我的計(jì)劃，但在內(nèi)心深處我仍渴望得到他們的支持

26.毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)，我們正在做的事情有助于社會(huì)發(fā)展

27.我們現(xiàn)在住的房子離公司太遠(yuǎn)了

28.綠色不僅象征生命，而且它常與環(huán)保聯(lián)系在一起

29.那家飯店提供的菜很好吃

30.Themedicalresearchindicatesthatstayingintheair-conditionedroomforalongtimewillcausepeopletofallilleasily

31.Ifnomajorstepsaretakentoaddresstheproblem,thereefsmaybeheadedfortotalextinction

32.Anidleyouth,aneedyage

33.大多數(shù)父母都關(guān)心孩子們的安全和幸福

五、閱讀理解(10題)34.Inthethirdparagraph,thephrasewiththeupperhandmeans（）

A.beinglowinspirit

B.havingonlyonehand

C.beingactive

D.beingpassive

35.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatwhilecommunicating（）

A.listeningisaperfectwaytorespondtoothers

B.peoplekeepsilentbecausetheydon'tknowtheanswer

C.keepingsilentmeansbeingtooshytospeak

D.itiseasytoformthehabitoflisteningsilently

36.PeopleusedtothinkIndianscommunicated_________（）

A.withcomplicatedlanguage

B.inaprimitiveway

C.withhandgestures

D.throughbodymovements

37.ThethreebiggestliesinAmericaare:1）Thecheckisinthemail,2）OfcourseI’llrespondtoyouinthemorning,and3）Itwasacomputererror.

Ofthesethreelittlewhitelies,theworstisthethird.It’stheonlyonethatcanneverbetrue.Today,ifabankstatementcheatsyououtof＄900thatway,youknowwhattheclerkissuretosay,Itwasacomputererror.Nonsense.Thecomputerisreportingnothingmorethanwhattheclerktypedintoit.

Themostannoyingcaseofalliswhenthecomputerizedcashierinthegrocerystoreshowsthatanitemcostsmorethanitactuallydoes.Iftheinnocentbuyerpointsoutthemistake,thechecker,bagger,andmanagerallcometogetherandofferthefamiliarexplanation:Itwasacomputererror.

Itwasn’t,ofcourse.Thatcomputerizedcashierisreallynothingmorethananelectriceye.TheeyereadstheUniversalProductCode—thatbarofblackandwhitelinesinacornerofthepackage—andthenchecksthecodeagainstapriceliststoredinmemory.Ifthepricelistisright,you’llbechargedaccurately.

Grocerystoresupdatethepricelisteachday—thatis,somebodysitsatakeyboardandtypesintheprices.Ifthepricetheytypeinistoohigh,thereareonlytwoexplanations:carelessnessordishonesty.Butsomehowacomputererrorissupposedtoexcuseeverything.

Onereasonweletpeoplehidebehindacomputeristhecommonmisperceptionthathuge,moderncomputersareelectricbrainwithartificialintelligence.Atsomepointtheremightbeamachinewithintelligence,butnoneexiststoday.Thesmartestcomputeronearthrightnowisnomoreintelligentthanyouraveragepen.Atthispointinthedevelopmentofcomputers,theonlythinganymachinecandoiswhatahumanhasinstructedittodo

Ofthethreelies,theoneaboutcomputeristheworstbecausethecomputeritself_________（）

A.saysnonsense

B.cheatscustomers

C.cannotmaketheerror

D.doesnotadmititserror

38.CocoChanel,aFrenchwoman,isveryfamousforhersuccessinthefashionworld.ThelifeofCocoChanelisaclassicrags-to-richesstory.Bornin1883,shewasabandonedbyherfatherafterhermotherdied.ShewasraisedbyherauntswhotaughthertosewandgaveherthenicknameCoco,whichmeanslittlepet.

Startingoutasahatdesigner,Cocowentagainstthefancyhatsbeingwornatthetime.Howcanabrainfunctionunderthosethings,shewondered.Instead,shecreatedsimple,butbeautifuldesignswhichbecamepopularwithfashionableyoungwomenofParis.

Strangelyenough,WorldWarⅠgaveherthechancetodevelopherideaofsimpleelegancefromhatstoclothing.Duetotheshortageofmaterialduringthewar,shetooktheopportunitytoshowthatlesscantrulybemore,introducingturtlenecksweater（高領(lǐng)毛衣）andpantsforwomen.

In1923,Cocolaunchedherlineofperfumes.Awomanwhodoesnotwearperfumehasnofuture!shesaid,andwomenbelievedher.Sinceitsfirstappearance,ChanelNo.5hasbeentheworld’smostpopularperfume,withanotherbottlebeingsoldevery30seconds.AndCocoherselfinspiredgenerationsofwomendesignersandbusinesswomentopursuetheirdreams

Theworld-famousbrandChanelisnamedafter______（）

A.alittleanimal

B.ahatcompany

C.thenicknameofaFrenchwoman

D.thesurnameofaFrenchwoman

39.YoumusthavebeentroubledbywhentosayIloveyoubecauseitisoneofthegreatestpuzzlesinourlife.

Whatifyousayitfirstandyourpartnerdoesn’tloveyouback?oriftheydosayit,butyoudon’tfeeltheymeanit?Beingthefirsttodeclareyourlovecanbeverynervousandriskyandcanleaveyoufeelingasvulnerableasaturtlewithnoshell.Butisthepersonwhosaysitfirstreallyinapositionofweakness?Doesn’titpaytoholdback,playitcoolandwaituntiltheotherhalfhasshowntheirhandfast?

Areallygoodrelationshipshouldbeaboutbeingfairandbeingequal,sayspsychologistSidneyCrown.Butloveisseldomequal.Allrelationshipsgothroughpowerstrugglesbut,hesays,ifaloveimbalancecontinuesforyears,thetroublewillsetin.Thatfeelingof‘I’vealwayslovedyoumore’maybesubverted（破壞）foratime,butitnevergoesawaycompletelyanditoftenemergesinquarreling.Inlove,atleast,thesilent,withholdingtypeisnotalwaysthemostpowerful.Thestrongestoneinarelationshipisoftenthepersonwhofeelsconfidentenoughtotalkabouttheirfeelings,sayseducationalpsychologistIngridCollins.PsychosexualtherapistPaulaHallagrees,Theonewiththeupperhandisoftenthepersonwhotakestheinitiative.Infact,thepersonwhosays‘Iloveyou’firstmayalsobetheonewhosays‘I’mboredwithyou’first.HallbelievesthatmuchdependsonhowIloveyouissaidandthemotivationofthepersonsayingit.Isitsaidwhenthey’redrunk?Isitsaidbeforetheirpartnersetsoffonholiday,andwhatitreallymeansis‘pleasedon’tbeunfaithfultome’？Bysaying‘Iloveyou’,theyarereallysaying‘Doyouloveme?’Ifso,wouldn’titjustbemorehonesttosaythat?Collinsagreesthatintentioniseverything.It’snotwhatissaid,buthowit’ssaid.Whatitcomesdowntoisthesincerityofthespeaker

Whatisthemainideaofthispassage（）

A.TheimportanceofIloveyou

B.ThemeaningofIloveyou

C.ThetimeofsayingIloveyou

D.TheplaceofsayingIloveyou

40.PassageFour

Childmaltreatmentisaglobalproblemwithseriouslifelongconsequences.Therearenoreliableglobalestimatesfortheprevalenceofchildmaltreatment.Dataformanycountries,especiallylowandmiddle-incomecountries,arelacking.

Childmaltreatmentiscomplexanddifficulttostudy.Currentestimatesvarywidelydependingonthecountryandthemethodofresearchused.Nonetheless,internationalstudiesrevealthatapproximately20%ofwomenand5%to10%ofmenreportbeingsexuallyabusedaschildren,while25%to50%ofallchildrenreportbeingphysicallyabused.Additionally,manychildrenaresubjecttoemotionalabuse（sometimesreferredtoaspsychologicalabuse）.

Everyyear,thereareabout31,000homicidedeathsinchildrenunder15.Thisnumberunderestimatesthetrueextentoftheproblem,asasignificantproportionofdeathsduetochildmaltreatmentareincorrectlyattributedtofalls,burnsanddrowning.

Childmaltreatmentcausessufferingtochildrenandfamiliesandcanhavelong-termconsequences.Maltreatmentcausesstressthatisassociatedwithdisruptioninearlybraindevelopment.Extremestresscanimpairthedevelopmentofthenervousandimmunesystems.Consequently,asadults,maltreatedchildrenareatincreasedriskforbehavioural,physicalandmentalhealthproblems.Viathebehaviouralandmentalhealthconsequences,maltreatmentcancontributetoheartdisease,cancer,suicideandsexuallytransmittedinfections.

Beyondthehealthconsequencesofchildmaltreatment,thereisaneconomicimpact,includingcostsofhospitalization,mentalhealthtreatment,childwelfare,andlonger-termhealthcosts.

Anumberofriskfactorsforchildmaltreatmenthavebeenidentified.Theseriskfactorsarenotpresentinallsocialandculturalcontexts,butprovideanoverviewwhenweattempttounderstandthecausesofchildmaltreatment.

Itisimportanttoemphasizethatchildrenarethevictimsandarenevertoblameformaltreatment.Anumberofcharacteristicsofanindividualchildmayincreasethelikelihoodofbeingmaltreated,suchasbeingeitherunderfouryearsoldoranadolescent,beingunwanted,orfailingtofulfilltheexpectationsofparentsandhavingspecialneeds,cryingpersistentlyorhavingabnormalphysicalfeatures

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage（）

A.20%ofwomengotsexuallyandphysicallyabusedintheirchildhood

B.25%to50%ofallchildrenwerereportedtohavebeenphysicallyabused

C.25%to50%ofchildrenwerepsychologicallyabused

D.60%to75%ofchildrenwereneglectedbytheirparents

41.Themainideaofthispassageis_______（）

A.thatwemustusedifferentwaysatdifferentsituations

B.thatwemustspeakloudly

C.thatwemustkeepsilentatanytime

D.thatwemusttalkwiththeclass

42.Accordingtotheauthor,thattoday'schildrenseemadult-likeresultsfrom________（）

A.thewidespreadinfluenceoftelevision

B.thepoorarrangementofteachingcontent

C.thefastpaceofhumanintellectualdevelopment

D.theconstantlyrisingstandardofliving

43.Theauthororganizesthetextina______way（）

A.Topic-Comparison-Opinion

B.Question-Effect-Opinion

C.Topic-Examples-Effect

D.Question-Cause-Effect

六、作文題(1題)44.Directions:Forthispart,youarerequiredtowriteacompositionof120to180words.Yourwritingshouldbebasedonthetitleandoutlinegivenbelow.

OnaHarmoniousDormitoryLife

1.宿舍生活有時(shí)會(huì)岀現(xiàn)不和諧的現(xiàn)象；

2.和諧宿舍生活的重要性；

3.如何創(chuàng)造和諧的宿舍生活

參考答案

1.CC句意：意識(shí)到自己沒(méi)有足夠的錢，也不想向父親借，他決定賣掉手表。非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞題。and前后要連接兩個(gè)并列成分，前者是realizing，后面也應(yīng)該是現(xiàn)在分詞。分詞的否定形式應(yīng)在分詞前加not。故選C

2.B[答案]B

[譯文]我多么希望我沒(méi)修那手表。我把它弄得更糟了。

[詳解]排除法。據(jù)句意應(yīng)該是否定希望自己沒(méi)修排除D;又表示對(duì)過(guò)去的虛擬所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí)

3.C

4.C工廠的員工數(shù)量被削減到最低限度，以降低生產(chǎn)成本。

［考點(diǎn)］主謂一致和動(dòng)詞語(yǔ)態(tài)

【精析】Cthenumberof意為……的數(shù)量，作句子的主語(yǔ)時(shí),謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)形式。由于thenumberofemployees和cut之間為邏輯上的動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故選C

5.A旅店不能為我們四個(gè)人提供一間足夠大的房間。

［考點(diǎn)］固定用法

【精析】Aenough在句中作副詞，修飾形容詞large時(shí)，應(yīng)放在其后，本題的中心詞是名詞room。故選A

6.B句意：一些人喜歡周日去購(gòu)物，因?yàn)樗麄兤诖苜I些極好的便宜的商品。本題為近形詞辨析題。選項(xiàng)A意為電池；選項(xiàng)B便宜的商品；選項(xiàng)C籃子；選項(xiàng)D桶，槍管。根據(jù)句意可知答案為B

7.D霧漸漸變濃，人們放棄了對(duì)那位失蹤男士的搜尋。

［考點(diǎn)］詞義辨析

【精析】Dcallat:停靠，訪問(wèn)；callup:使想起，打電話給；callon:訪問(wèn)，號(hào)召；calloff:取消，放棄。根據(jù)句意可知，選D

8.D年齡越大，我就越看重朋友，但是用以維系老朋友關(guān)系的時(shí)間就越少。

［考點(diǎn)］比較級(jí)

【精析】D本句考查the+比較級(jí)…,the+比較級(jí)…（越……，越……）結(jié)構(gòu)。Time是不可數(shù)名詞，所以應(yīng)該用little修飾，而little的比較級(jí)是less。故選D

9.A吸煙對(duì)你沒(méi)什么好處，因?yàn)樗鼤?huì)影響你的健康。

［考點(diǎn)］詞語(yǔ)搭配

【精析】Abegoodforsb.是固定搭配，意為對(duì)某人有好處。故選A

10.B無(wú)線電、電視和報(bào)刊是傳遞新聞和信息的三種最為普遍的方式。

［考點(diǎn)］限定詞詞序

性形容詞，表示大小、長(zhǎng)短、高低的形容詞，表示形狀的形容詞，表示年齡、新舊的形容詞，表示國(guó)籍、出處的形容詞，表示材料的形容詞、表示用途、類別的形容詞。所以本題中three應(yīng)放在mostcommon前，the應(yīng)放在three前，最后為中心詞。由此可知，本題應(yīng)選B

11.BK根據(jù)空后的名詞短語(yǔ)15years可知，空處應(yīng)填介詞。符合要求的選項(xiàng)有C、K。句意：15年來(lái)，來(lái)自倫敦大學(xué)學(xué)院的專家們一直在調(diào)查超過(guò)6,700名英國(guó)人的生活方式。故選K。

12.HH分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處應(yīng)填引導(dǎo)詞，引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾指人的先行詞friends。符合要求的選項(xiàng)只有H。句意：學(xué)生在上大學(xué)時(shí)可以學(xué)習(xí)并交到將持續(xù)一生的朋友。故選H。

13.JA.studied（v.學(xué)習(xí)，研究）B.continuing（v.繼續(xù)，持續(xù)）C.by（prep.通過(guò)）D.who（pron.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句）E.whose（pron.引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句）F.improve（v.改進(jìn)，改善）G.truth（n.事實(shí)，真相）H.ignored（v.忽視，不予理睬）I.recently（adv.最近，不久前）J.those（pron.那些）K.for（prep.表示一段時(shí)間）L.less（adv.更少，較少）J分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空后的who引導(dǎo)一個(gè)定語(yǔ)從句，空處為其先行詞，所以空處應(yīng)填指人的名詞或代詞。符合要求的選項(xiàng)只有J。those在此處指代上文中的people，此處表達(dá)的是“不去（音樂(lè)會(huì)、演出和博物館）的那些人”。故選J。

14.C

15.A

16.E

17.C

18.D

19.D

20.C

21.C

22.C

23.D

24.他代表公司的所有員工發(fā)言?！揪觥勘揪淇疾槌Ｓ枚陶Z(yǔ)的翻譯。onbehalfof可譯為代表；allstaffs可譯為所有員工

25.Idon’tcareiftheywilldisapproveofmyplan,butdeepinmyheartIstillyearnfortheirsupport.【精析】本句考查固定短語(yǔ)的譯法。否定……常用disapproveof來(lái)表示；內(nèi)心深處可譯為deepinone’sheart；渴望可譯為yearnfor

26.Thereisnodoubtthatwhatwearedoinghelpssocialdevelopment

27.Thehouse（that/which）weliveinnowistoofarawayfromthecompany.【精析】本句考查定語(yǔ)從句和常用短語(yǔ)的翻譯。我們現(xiàn)在住的可譯為一個(gè)that或which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞房子（thehouse），其中引導(dǎo)詞也可以省略；住可譯為livein；離……太遠(yuǎn)了可譯為toofarawayfrom

28.Notonlydoesgreensymbolizelife,butalsoitisoftenassociatedwithenvironmentalprotection

29.Thedishesservedatthatrestauranttastenice/aredelicious

30.醫(yī)學(xué)研究表明，長(zhǎng)時(shí)間待在空調(diào)房間里容易讓人生病

31.如果不采取重要措施來(lái)解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，珊瑚礁將面臨完全滅絕的境地

32.少壯不努力，老大徒傷悲

33.Whatmostparentsareconcernedaboutistheirchildren’ssafetyandwelfare

34.C［考點(diǎn)］詞語(yǔ)理解題

【精析】C根據(jù)第三段中的Theonewiththeupperhandisoftenthepersonwhotakestheinitiative.可知，占上風(fēng)的人往往是積極主動(dòng)的人。由此可推知，該短語(yǔ)與選項(xiàng)C（積極主動(dòng)，活躍）意思相近。故選C

35.A［考點(diǎn)］推理判斷題

【精析】A選項(xiàng)B意為人們保持沉默是因?yàn)樗麄儾恢涝鯓踊卮?；選項(xiàng)C意為保持沉默意味著太害羞而說(shuō)不出話來(lái)；選項(xiàng)D意為養(yǎng)成安靜傾聽(tīng)的習(xí)慣很容易，都與原文不符。根據(jù)第三段第一句及最后一段作者的敘述可知，只有A項(xiàng)正確，與文章主題一致

36.B事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段第六句可知，過(guò)去很多人認(rèn)為印第安人交流的方式很原始。故B為正確答案

37.C事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段最后一句Thecomputerisreportingnothingmoretha