初中英語(yǔ)詞匯積累

初中英語(yǔ)詞匯積累UNIT1survey調(diào)查；測(cè)驗(yàn)addup合計(jì)upsetadj.心煩意亂的；不安的；不適的vt.使不安；使心煩。ignore不理睬，忽視calmvt.vi（使）平靜；（使）鎮(zhèn)定adj.平靜的；鎮(zhèn)靜的；沉著的calm（…）down（使）平靜下來(lái)；（使）鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái)havegotto不得不；必須concern（使）擔(dān)憂；涉及；關(guān)系beconcernedabout關(guān)心；掛念walkthedog遛狗loose松的；松開的vet獸醫(yī)gothrough經(jīng)歷；經(jīng)受Amsterdam阿姆斯特丹（荷蘭首都）Netherlands荷蘭（荷蘭國(guó)家）Jewish猶太人；猶太族的German德國(guó)的；德國(guó)人的；德語(yǔ)的；德國(guó)人；德語(yǔ)Nazin.納粹黨人adj.納粹黨的setdown記下；放下；登記series連續(xù)；系列aseriesof一?連串的；一■系列；一■套o(hù)utdoors在戶外；在野外spellbinding迷?。幻曰髈npurpose故意inorderto為了…dusk黃昏；傍晚atdusk在黃昏時(shí)刻thunderv打雷；雷鳴；n雷；雷聲entire整個(gè)的；完全的；全部的entirely完全地；全然地；整個(gè)地power能力；力量；權(quán)力facetoface面對(duì)面地curtain窗簾；門簾；幕布dusty積滿灰塵的nolonger\not…anylonger不再partner伙伴；合作者；合伙人settle安家；定居；停留使定居；安排；解決suffer遭受；忍受；經(jīng)歷sufferfrom遭受；患病loneliness孤單；寂寞highway公路；大路；＜美＞高速公路recover痊愈；恢復(fù)；重新獲得get\betiredof對(duì)…厭煩pack捆扎；包裝；打行李小包；包裹pack(sth)up將(東西)裝箱打包suitcase手提箱；衣箱overcoat大衣；夕卜套teenager十幾歲的青少年getalongwith與…相處；發(fā)展gossip閑話；閑談fallinlove相愛(ài)愛(ài)上exactly確實(shí)如此；正式；確切地disagree不同意grateful感激的；表示謝意的dislike不喜歡；厭惡joinin參加；加入tipn.揭示；技巧；尖；尖端；消費(fèi)vt.傾斜；翻到secondly第二；其次swap交換item項(xiàng)目；條款addup【探究】Addupthesefigures,please.ShallIaddyournametothelist?Thebadweatheraddstoourdifficulties.Sheaddedsomesalttothesoup.【歸納拓展】addvt. ;addup addupto;addto;add…to…;【運(yùn)用】Thiskindofmusic（能增加）myenjoyment.Heranswershaveonly（增加）histrouble.Themoneythathespentonthehouse（合計(jì)共達(dá)）2,000dollars.PleasethenumbersandI'msuretheywillmorethan1,000.A.add;addupB.addup;addupC.addup;adduptoD.addto;addupisknowntoall,goodfriendshappinessandvaluetolife.A.It;add B.As;add

C.It;addup D.As;addtoupset【例釋】Iupsetthesoupalloverthetable.Hehasanupsetstomach.Don’tupsetyourself--noharmhasbeendone.【歸納拓展】1)Thenewsthathismotherwasill卜所.(使他心煩意亂)Tomwas(難過(guò))becausehehadlosthisticket.ignore【例釋】?Eventhebestofmenignoredthatsimplerule.②Itriedtotellhimbutheignoredme.③Hisletterswereignored.④Nevermakeyourstudentsfeelignorant.ignore

vt.【歸納拓展】ignore

vt. ; n.無(wú)知；愚昧adj.無(wú)知的；愚昧【運(yùn)用】oflawwillbringyoutrouble.對(duì)法律的無(wú)知必會(huì)帶給你麻煩。Heis(無(wú)知的)ofmusic.IstoppedandsmiledwhenIsawhim,buthemeandwalkedon.A.refusedB.ignoredC.deniedD.missedcalm【例釋】It'simportanttokeepcalminadangeroussituation.Theteachertriedtocalmthefrightenedchildren.Helitacigarettetocalmhimselfdown.【歸納拓展】【辨析】calm/peaceful/quiet/still/silentcalm主要指“風(fēng)平浪靜的”，也可指人“平靜的，鎮(zhèn)定的”。peaceful指“和平的，沒(méi)有戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)的”。quiet指“沒(méi)有吵鬧聲的“；“沒(méi)有噪音的“；“清靜的”；“平靜的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)“聲音很低、很少或全然無(wú)聲”。silent強(qiáng)調(diào)“沉默不語(yǔ)”?！具\(yùn)用】1)(鎮(zhèn)靜下來(lái))andtelluswhat'sgoingon.It'sbadmannerstokeepwhentheteacherasksyouaquestion.Theskyisblue,andtheseais.Althoughshewasfrightened,sheansweredwithavoice.Wearegladtoliveinaenvironment.Hehadalife.concernedYou’lltellyourfriendthatyouareconcernedabouthim/herbutyouwillmeetafterclassandtalkthen.告訴你的朋友你很關(guān)心他，但你會(huì)在課后見(jiàn)他并告訴他?！纠尅縋olicesaidtheywereconcernedabouttheboy'ssafety.AsfarasI'mconcerned,theproblemisover.Hewroteanarticleconcerningtheproblemsofover-crowdedcities.Thegirl'spoorhealthconcernedherparents.【歸納拓展】concernvt.涉及；使 擔(dān)憂n.擔(dān)心，關(guān)心；(利害)關(guān)系beconcernedabout關(guān)心asfarassb.beconcerned就…而言concerningprep.關(guān)于【運(yùn)用】Heisneveraboutwhatisgoingon.Thelecturetheenvironmentalprotection.Asfarastheyare,youcangowhereyouwant.Hisparentshissafety.A.concernthemselveswithB.shownoconcernaboutC.areconcernedaboutD.areconcernedwithThenewsyourhometown.isconcernedaboutisconcernedinconcernsconcernswithgothrough或者你是不是擔(dān)心你的朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，或者不理解你目前的困境呢？【例釋】Peterhaslosthisjob,andheisgoingthroughaverydifficulttime.Heisverysuccessfulconsideringwhathehasgonethrough.Howlongwillittakeyoutogothroughthebook？【歸納拓展】gothrough經(jīng)歷；瀏覽；通過(guò)(考試等)；花光(錢財(cái))goby走過(guò)；(時(shí)間)過(guò)去goover越過(guò)；復(fù)習(xí)goout外出；(燈，火)熄滅；公布【運(yùn)用】Withtime,wegrewupquickly.Heallhismoneyinoneweek.Thelightswhenwecamein.Thepolicehisbag,butfoundnothing.A.lookedupB.turnedinD.searchedforD.wentthrough—Didyouhaveagoodtimeattheparty?—Asamatteroffact,Ihadsuchfunthattimeseemedtosoquickly.A.goby B.goawayC.goout D.gooversetdown【例釋】Pleasesetitdowntomyaccount.Youshouldsetdownthekeylanguagepointsinyournotebook.Passengersmaybesetdownandpickeduponlyattheofficialstops.【歸納拓展】setdown寫下；放下setoff出發(fā);使爆炸setup建立setaboutdoing=setouttodo著手做某事setaside把 放在一?邊；留出；不考慮【運(yùn)用】Ithetemperatureseverydayinthenotebook.A.setaboutB.setoutC.setupD.setdownGerman.IlikedhispapersomuchthatImyownworkandtranslateditintoGerman.A.gaveoffB.turneddownC.tookoverD.setaside3）翻譯：我已將發(fā)生的每件事都記了下來(lái)。inordertoinordertodo為了 .(可置于句首或句中)【例釋】Hearrivedearlyinordertogetagoodseat.=Hearrivedearlyinorderthathecouldgetagoodseat.Iagreedtohersuggestioninordernottoupsether.【歸納拓展】inordertodo…二soastodo…二todo一目的狀語(yǔ)，但soastodo…不能放在句首，可轉(zhuǎn)化為inorderthat,sothat引導(dǎo)的目的狀語(yǔ)從句。inorderthat 以便….（后跟句子）sothat 以便….（后跟句子）其否定在to前加not.為了不做…inordernotto;soasnotto;notto.【運(yùn)用】1）他早早動(dòng)身以便按時(shí)到達(dá)。（翻譯）2)她拼命干以便能在6點(diǎn)時(shí)把一切都準(zhǔn)備好。settle【例釋】Thebirdsettledonabranch.Theoldcoupleplannedtosettleinthecountryaftertheyretired.You’dbettersettletheproblembeforesupper.Hesettleddowninhisarmchairtoreadthenewspaper.【歸納拓展】settlevi.定居；安頓vt.使平靜；解決(問(wèn)題)；使定居settledown使平靜下來(lái)【運(yùn)用】Thefamilysettledasmalltown.A.inB.onC.overD.down-Whydoyoulookworried?—Therearesomanyproblems.remainingtosettleremainedsettlingremainingtobesettledD.remainedtobesettled3)他在故鄉(xiāng)安頓下來(lái)。4)這個(gè)問(wèn)題至今尚未解決。 sufferfrom【例釋】She'ssufferingfromlossofmemory.她患有遺忘癥。Manycitiessufferedaheavylossintheearthquake.Hesufferedfrompovertyallhislife.【歸納】suffervt.遭受(痛苦、疾病、饑餓、損失等)后接、、、、 等。sufferfrom因 而受損失【派生】sufferingn.疼痛；痛苦；（常用復(fù)數(shù)）苦難；疾苦sufferern.忍受苦難的人們【運(yùn)用】1）我們?cè)谶@次災(zāi)難中損失慘重。Allthevillagersgreatdamageduringthefire.A.causedB.ledtoC.sufferedD.sufferedfrom3）用suffer的適當(dāng)形式填空。Itismiserable（痛苦的）toseethosepatientsfrompovertyanddiseaseandweallwanttodosomethingtoreleasethesefromtheirUnit1ANNE,SBESTFRIENDDoyouwantafriendwhomyoucouldtelleverythingto,likeyourdeepestfeelingsandthoughts?Orareyouafraidthatyourfriendwouldlaughatyou,orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough?AnneFrankwantedthefirstkind,soshemadeherdiaryherbestfriend.安妮最好的朋友你想不想有一位無(wú)話不談能推心置腹的朋友？或者你會(huì)不會(huì)擔(dān)心你的朋友會(huì)嘲笑你，會(huì)不理解你目前的困境呢？安妮.弗蘭克想要的是第一種類型的朋友，所以她把的日記視為自己最好的朋友。AnnelivedinAmsterdamintheNetherlandsduringWorldWarII.HerfamilywasJewishsothehadtohideortheywouldbecaughtbytheGermanNazis.Sheandherfamilyhideawayfortwoyearsbeforetheywerediscovered.Duringthattimetheonlytruefriendwasherdiary.Shesaid,“Idon'twanttosetdownaseriesoffactsinadiaryasmostpeopledo,butIwantthisdiaryitselftobemyfriend,andIshallcallmyfriendKitty.NowreadhowshefeltafterbeinginthehidingplacesinceJuly1942.在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，安妮住在荷蘭的阿姆斯特丹。她一家人都是猶太人，所以他們不得不躲藏起來(lái)，否則就會(huì)被德國(guó)的納粹分子抓去。她和她的家人躲藏了25個(gè)月之后才被發(fā)現(xiàn)。在那段時(shí)期，她的日記成了她唯一忠實(shí)的朋友。她說(shuō)：“我不愿像大多數(shù)人那樣在日記中記流水賬。我要把我的日記當(dāng)作自己的朋友，我把我的這個(gè)朋友叫做基蒂。”現(xiàn)在，來(lái)看看安妮自1942年7月起躲進(jìn)藏身處后的那種心情吧。Thursday15,June,1944Dearkitty,Iwonderifit,sbecauseIhaven,tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.Icanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.That,schangedsinceIwashere.…Forexample,whenitwassowarm,Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpastelevenoneeveninginordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonforoncebymyself.Butasthemoongavefartoomuchlight,Ididn,tdareopenawindow.Anothertimesomemonthsago,Ihappenedtobeupstairsoneeveningwhenthewindowwasopen.Ididn,tgodownstairsuntilthewindowhadtobeshut.Thedark,rainyevening,thewind,thethunderingcloudsheldmeentirelyintheirpower;itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthat’Idseenthenightfacetoface……Sadly…Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.It'snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.Yours,Anne1944年6月15日，星期四親愛(ài)的基蒂：我不知道這是不是因?yàn)槲姨脽o(wú)法出門的緣故，我變得對(duì)一切與大自然有關(guān)的事物都無(wú)比狂熱。我記得非常清楚，以前，湛藍(lán)的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心迷神往過(guò)。自從我來(lái)到這里之后，這一切都變了。……比如說(shuō)，有一天晚上天氣很暖和，我故意熬到晚上11點(diǎn)半都不睡覺(jué)，為的就是能獨(dú)自好好地看看月亮。但是因?yàn)樵鹿馓亮?，我都不敢打開窗戶。還有一次，就在五個(gè)月以前的一個(gè)晚上，我碰巧在樓上，窗戶是開著的，我一直呆到非關(guān)窗不可的時(shí)候才下樓去。漆黑的雨夜，刮著大風(fēng)，電閃雷鳴，烏云滾滾，我完全被這種景象鎮(zhèn)住了。這是我一年半以來(lái)第一次親眼目睹的夜晚…………不幸的是……我只能透過(guò)那滿是灰塵的窗簾下那臟兮兮的窗戶看看大自然。只能隔著窗戶看那大自然實(shí)在沒(méi)意思，因?yàn)榇笞匀皇切枰嬲w驗(yàn)的東西。你的安妮難句剖析1.Iwonderifit'sbecauseIhaven'tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI'vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.譯： 本句是一■個(gè)主從復(fù)合句，if引導(dǎo)的從句作wonder的賓語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)從句中使用了Itis…that…的強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是because引導(dǎo)的原因狀語(yǔ)從句.2）強(qiáng)調(diào)句型Itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that/who+原句中的其它部分，主要是對(duì)原句中的主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)和狀語(yǔ)進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。注意：①Itis/was...that...中，is和was由后面句子的時(shí)態(tài)確定。②除強(qiáng)調(diào)部分是人作主語(yǔ)可用who/that之外，其他一律用that。③一般疑問(wèn)句的句式為：Is/Wasit...that...?④特殊疑問(wèn)句的句式為：疑問(wèn)詞+is/wasitthat...?⑤判斷一個(gè)句子是不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型的法：把句中的Itis/was和that去掉，看句子結(jié)構(gòu)是否仍完整，若完整就是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，否則就不是強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。【運(yùn)用】1.LastSaturdayhermotherboughtRoseabookinthebookstore.分別對(duì)劃線部分進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)）① ② ③ ④ ⑤ ⑥Itwasalongtheriverhespentmuchofhischildhood.A.howB.whichC.thatD.where⑦Itwasinthelabwasneartheschooltheydidtheexperiment.A.where;thatB.which;thatC.which;whereD.that;whereIcanwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky,thesongofthebirds,moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.譯：whenadeepbluesky-是從句，修飾。常用句式：Therewasatimewhen….“有一段時(shí)間……”Therewasatimewhenthiscountrywasoneofthestrongestcountriesintheworld.譯: ItwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI'dseenthenightfacetoface.譯： Itis/wasthefirst（second,third-）timethatsb.Have/haddonesth.….這是某人第一次（第二次、第三次等）做某事，it可以變成this/that,注意此句型中that從句中時(shí)態(tài)的使用。Itis/wastimeforsb.todosth.到了干…的時(shí)候了①ItwasthethirdtimethatI（訪問(wèn)）Beijing.② 這是第二次）wehavecometothemountainvillagetoseethehomelesschildren.③ItisthesecondtimeIinHainan.ItistenyearssinceIitlasttime.A.hadbeen;leftB.havebeen;leftC.havegone;hadleftD.went;hadleft④Itistimeforus .（起床）Iamonlyabletolookatnaturethroughdirtycurtainshangingbeforeverydustywindows.譯： hangingbeforeverydustywindows在句中是短語(yǔ)做后置定語(yǔ)，修飾.It'snopleasurelookingthroughtheseanylongerbecausenatureisonethingthatreallymustbeexperienced.觀看這些已經(jīng)不再是樂(lè)趣，因?yàn)榇笞匀皇悄惚仨氂H身體驗(yàn)的。1）it是形式主語(yǔ)，動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)lookingthroughtheseanylonger是真正主語(yǔ)；類似的有Itisnogooddoing….“做 沒(méi)有好處“；Itisnousedoing….“做 沒(méi)有用”2）thatreallymustbeexperienced.在句中是定語(yǔ)從句，修飾.UNIT2subway地下人行道；＜美＞地鐵elevator電梯直升機(jī)petrol＜美＞汽油;（二＜美＞gasoline）gas汽油；氣體；煤氣；毒氣official官方的；正式的；公務(wù)的voyage航海；航行conquer征服；占領(lǐng)becauseof因?yàn)椋挥捎趎ativeadj.本國(guó)的；本地的；n本地人；本國(guó)人comeup走近；上來(lái)；提出apartment＜美＞公寓住宅；單元住宅actually實(shí)際上；事實(shí)上AD公元base以…為根據(jù)；n基部；基地，基礎(chǔ)atpresent現(xiàn)在；目前gradual逐漸的；逐步的gradually逐漸地；逐步地Danish丹麥語(yǔ)；adj.丹麥的；丹麥的人；丹麥語(yǔ)的enrich使富裕；充實(shí)；改善vocabulary詞匯；詞匯量；詞表Shakespeare莎士比亞makeuseof利用；使用spelling拼寫；拼法latter較后的；(兩者中)后者的identity本身；本體；身份fluent流利的；流暢的fluently流利地；流暢地Singapore新加坡Malaysia馬來(lái)西亞；馬來(lái)群島suchas例如 ；想這種frequent頻繁的；常見(jiàn)的frequently常常；頻繁地usage使用；用法；詞語(yǔ)慣用法command命令；指令；掌握request請(qǐng)求；要求dialect方言expression詞語(yǔ)；表達(dá)；表示midwestern中西部的；有中西部特性的African非洲的；非洲人的；非洲語(yǔ)言的Spanish西班牙人；西班牙的playapart(in)扮演一個(gè)角色；參與eastern東方的；東部的southeastern東南方的；來(lái)自東南方northwestern西北方的；來(lái)自西北的recognize辨認(rèn)出；承認(rèn)；公認(rèn)lorry卡車Houston休斯頓Texas德克薩斯州accent口音；腔調(diào)；重音catfish鯰魚lightning閃電straight直接；挺直；直的；筆直的；正直的block街區(qū)；塊；木塊；石塊10cab出租車voyage(P9L2)/becauseof(P9,L3)Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsofworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.在17世紀(jì)英國(guó)人開始開拓征服世界其他地區(qū)。ThevoyagefromEnglandtoIndiausedtotakesixmonths.過(guò)去從英國(guó)坐船去印度要花六個(gè)月的時(shí)間。2)Wemade/goonavoyagetoAmericabyair.我們乘飛機(jī)去美國(guó)。Comparethetwosentences:Wewerelatebecauseitrained.Wewerelatebecauseoftherain.【歸納】voyagen.;makeavoyage=goonavoyagebecause是連詞，引導(dǎo)從句?！具\(yùn)用】Fillintheblanks:Theyarehereus.Hedidn,tcometoschoolyesterdayhewasill.Hedidn,tcometoschoolyesterdayhisill.2.翻譯：TheTitanicsankonitsmaidenvoyage.thelatter;identity(P10,L20)ThelattergaveaseparateidentitytoAmericanEnglishspelling.后者體現(xiàn)了美國(guó)英語(yǔ)拼寫的不同特色。【例釋】Thislatterpointwasofgreatimportance.后面這點(diǎn)極為重要。HereareTomandDavid;thelatterismybrother.這是湯姆和戴維;后者是我的兄弟。Hishealthhasbeendeterioratingintheselatteryears.最近幾年他的健康越來(lái)越差。Hisdriver'slicenseprovedhisidentity.他的駕駛執(zhí)照證明了他的身份。Preservethedistinctidentitiesofanoldtown保留古鎮(zhèn)的特征風(fēng)貌【歸納】11

thelatter:（兩者中的） 與theformer（前者）連用。一常latter:adj ;identity;identify(vt)identification(n)，;(n)identitycard/paper身份證underidentification在鑒別中【運(yùn)用】Translatethefollowingsentences:Thelatterpointisthemostimportant.JohnandJimarebrothers.Theformerisateacher;thelatterisanengineer.HespenthislatteryearsofhislifeinAmerica.Theiridentitieswerekeptsecret.Ican’tidentifythissignature.evenif(P10,L5)NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheydon'tspeakthesamekindofEnglish.(翻譯)以英語(yǔ)為母語(yǔ)的人，即使他們所講的語(yǔ)言不盡相同，他們也可以相互交流。【例釋】Evenifittakesmesixweeks,Iamdeterminedtofinishthejob即使這個(gè)工作要花掉我六個(gè)星期的時(shí)間，我仍決心要把它完成。I'llhelpyouwithEnglish,evenif/thoughIdon'tsleepforanight.盡管我^夜沒(méi)有睡覺(jué)，也要幫助你學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)?！練w納】evenif/eventhough,；引導(dǎo)從句；though/although也引導(dǎo)從句，都不能和 連用，但可以和yet,still等連用?？梢苑旁谥骶淝懊嬉部梢苑旁谥骶浜竺??！具\(yùn)用】12?Jackismakinguphismindtogetaticketfortheconcertitmeansstandinginaqueueallnight.A.asifB.evenifC.incaseD.aslongas②Manyofthemturnedadeafeartohisadvice,theyknewittobevaluable.A.asif B.nowthatC.eventhoughD.sothatEventhoughIknowtherearealotofdifficultiesinmyway,Iwillnevergiveuppursuingmydream.(翻譯)comeup(P10,L8)I’dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.(譯) ?！纠尅緼numberofquestionscameupatthemeeting.會(huì)議上提出了許多問(wèn)題。I'lllethimknowifanythingcomesup.如有什么事，我會(huì)告訴他的。Shecameupandsaid,"Gladtomeetyou."她走過(guò)來(lái)說(shuō)，"很高興見(jiàn)到你。"Theteacheraskedadifficultquestion,butfinallyTomcameupwithagoodanswer.老師出了一道難題，但最終湯姆想出了一個(gè)很好的答案。Theseedsarejustbeginningtocomeup.種子剛開始破土發(fā)芽。6)Thepriceofthesteeliscomingupallthetime.鋼材的價(jià)格一^直在上漲。7)Whendidthisidiomcomeup?這寫習(xí)語(yǔ)是什么時(shí)候流行的？【歸納】comeupto=cometocomeup意思為：;;；；；。comeupwith提出（建議）；［口］找到（答案，解與come有關(guān)的短語(yǔ)：comeabout發(fā)生comeout出版；出現(xiàn)comeupto達(dá)到；不負(fù)（期望）；合乎（標(biāo)準(zhǔn)）comeacross偶然碰上comeon力口油；得了吧come【運(yùn)用】向某人撲來(lái)comeback回來(lái)1）co翻譯n下列句子上臺(tái)，當(dāng)權(quán)rkfortheweekend?①Whydon'tyoucomeuptoNewYorkfortheweekend?②SorryIcantgowithyou somethinghassuddenlycomeup.13③TheseedsIsowedlastweekhaven,tcomeupyet..2)-Haveyousomenewideas?-Yeah.Iwilltellyou.A.comeaboutB.comeintoC.comeupwithD.comeoutwithbebasedon(P10,L11)ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多的是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的，而現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)不是?！纠尅縏hedanceofThousand-handGuanyinwasbasedonanancientpainting.舞蹈千手觀音是基于一幅古老的繪畫而創(chuàng)作的。Themachinerestsonawidebaseofsteel.這個(gè)機(jī)器由一?個(gè)很大的鋼制底座支撐。Ourcompany,sbaseisinShandong,butwehavebranchesallovertheworld.我們公司的總部在山東，但在全世界都有分公司。Theparentsbasedtheirhopesonthechildren..父母把希望寄托在孩子們的身上。basen.&vt,基礎(chǔ)，基地；以 為基礎(chǔ)如：basesth.onsth.意思是：.bebasedon意思為：;【運(yùn)用】選擇正確答案Wewillhaveanexamnextweektheteachingplan.A.basing B.basingonC.basedon D.basedtoHebasedhisideascientificexperiment.A.atB.withC.onD.in3)成功是建立在努力工作的基礎(chǔ)上的。翻譯： 4)Whatisyour(base/basis)ofyouropinion?atpresent(P10,L12)ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.【例釋】Atpresent,Idon,thaveanymoreinformation.目前，我們沒(méi)有更多的信息。Atthepresenttime,theyarelivingincountry.目前,他們住在鄉(xiāng)下。atpresent意思為:,presentn.現(xiàn)在；禮物adj.現(xiàn)在【運(yùn)用當(dāng)前（作前置定語(yǔ)）；出席的，到場(chǎng)的（做后置定語(yǔ)）vt.給，贈(zèng)送adv.不久，此刻，現(xiàn)在，眼下。14thepeoplepresentthepresentchairmanbepresentat presentsbwithsth=presentsthtosbpresentsbtosb1)Howmanypeople (出席、參加)themeeting?2)寫出下面句中斜體字的意思①HegavehismotherapresentonMother,sDay.②Howmanypeoplewerepresentatthemeeting?③Whatisyourpresentjob?④Theypresentedflowerstotheirteacher.⑤Thepeoplepresentatthemeetingcamefromallovertheworld.plansarebeingmadeforaplayattheendofthesummerholidayinordertocollectmoneyfortheHopeProject.A.InthepastB.InfutureC.AtpresentD.Sofarsuchas(P10,L25)EnglishisalsospokeninSingaporeandMalaysiaandcountriesinAfricasuchasSouthAfrica.在新加坡、馬來(lái)西亞和非洲其他國(guó)家，比如南非，人們也說(shuō)英語(yǔ)?！纠尅縏heyplantedmanyflowers,suchasroses,sunflowers他們種了許多種花，如玫瑰花、向日葵等。suchas和forexample的區(qū)別。1)suchas用于列舉事物，所列舉的事物的數(shù)量不等同于被列舉的總量，否則就應(yīng)用thatis或namely;suchas只位于所列舉的事物前，其后不用逗號(hào)。一般不與andsoon連用。【運(yùn)用rjexample用于舉例說(shuō)明，一般僅舉u同類人或物的之一個(gè)”e例子空f(shuō)oriexampcan^^et句首u(yù)r句中g(shù)u盤末,， ￡矗用逗號(hào)和其他部分隔開。 ——Ourmonitordoesverywellinsportsandgames,swimming,.,Johnhasthesameopinion.Pollution,,isabigproblem.makeuseof(P10,L15)15

【原句再現(xiàn)】Soby1600’sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidevocabularythaneverbefore.所以到17世紀(jì)，莎士比亞所用的詞匯量比以前任何時(shí)期都大。【例釋】Weshouldmakeuseofknowledgetobuildourcountry.我們應(yīng)該利用知識(shí)來(lái)建設(shè)祖國(guó)。Nowhecanmakeuseofmoneybetterthanbefore.現(xiàn)在，他比以前更會(huì)花錢了。Hemakesgooduseoftimetostudy.他充分利用時(shí)間來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)。Itismorenecessarythaneverbeforeforallofustoworkhard.我們大家會(huì)比以往更需要努力工作?！練w納】.makeuseof=；意思是makegood/fulluseof=makethebest/mostof 好好/充分利用makenothingof不當(dāng)一回事makemuchof尊重，重視.thaneverbefore【運(yùn)用】完成句子Heis(正充分利用)thechancetotraveltheworld.It’sraininghard(比以前)Weshouldthinkofwhatusecansuchamaterial材料)A.bemadeofB.bemadefromC.bemadeupD.bemadeinYoushouldmakeofthetimeatschooloryou'llregretA.nothing B.themostC.much D.everythingthelargestnumberof(P10,L26)Infact,ChinamayhavethelargestnumberofEnglishlearners.(譯)【例釋】Anumberofteachersarestudyingcomputers.大量的老師在學(xué)電腦。Thenumberofthestudentsinourschoolis5,000.我們學(xué)校學(xué)生的數(shù)量是5,000.Thenumberofbirdshasbecomesmallerovertheyears.鳥的數(shù)量近幾年下降了。thenumberof與anumberof1)thenumberof” .的數(shù)目”，后接可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)，中心詞是number,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。162)anumberof“許多的，大量的”,后接復(fù)數(shù)名詞，中心詞為其后的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。在之前可加上表示數(shù)量大小的形容詞，構(gòu)成：agreat/large/smallnumber16【運(yùn)用】用anumberof與thenumberof填空Therearestudentsinthepicture.2)thestudentshasreached30,000inourschool.Thenumberofpeopleinvitedfifty,butanumberofthemabsentfordifferentreasons.A.were,was B.was,wasC.was,were D.were,werecommand,request(P12)CanyoufindthefollowingcommandandrequestfromReading?你能從下面閱讀找出命令和請(qǐng)求嗎？【例釋】Icommandyoutostartatonce.我命令你立亥可開始。Ourbosscommandedthatweall(should)gotocollectmarketinformation.老板命令我們都去搜集市場(chǎng)信息。HemadearequestthatIshouldhelphim.他請(qǐng)求我能幫助他。Theyrequestedustorereadthenotice.他們請(qǐng)求我們?cè)僮x一遍通告的內(nèi)容。Theguiderequestedthathervisitorsnorparkhercaratthegate.向?qū)б笏挠慰筒灰阉能囃Ｔ陂T口。【歸納】command:n.；v.;commandsbtodosth:;command that-clause 命令….command后接that從句時(shí)，從句中用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，動(dòng)詞用形式request:n.;requestsbtodosth:;requestthat-clause命令【運(yùn)用】Theofficercommandthatthewoundedtohospitalrightnow.A.tobesentB.shouldsendC.send D.besentThisishisonlyrequestthattheroomafterbeingused.A.becleanedB.wouldbecleanedC.iscleanedD.willbecleanedVisitorsnottotouchtheexhibits(展品).17A.willrequestB.requestC.arerequestingD.arerequestedHecamehere.atmyrequestbymyrequestbytherequestofmeformyrequestItisrequiredthatthestudentsmobilephoneintheirschool,soseldomthemusingone.don’tuse;willyouseeshouldn,tbeused;willyouseeshan'tuse;youwillseenotuse;willyouseeTHEROADTOMODERNENGLISHAttheendofthe16thcentury,aboutfivetosevenmillionpeoplespokeEnglish.NearlyallofthemlivedinEngland.Laterinthenextcentury,peoplefromEnglandmadevoyagestoconquerotherpartsoftheworldandbecauseofthat,Englishbegantobespokeninmanyothercountries.Today,morepeoplespeakEnglishastheirfirst,secondorforeignlanguagethaneverbefore.通向現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)之路在16世紀(jì)末，大約有五至七百萬(wàn)人講英語(yǔ)。幾乎所有這些講英語(yǔ)的人都住在英格蘭。在其后的一個(gè)世紀(jì)中，英格蘭人為征服世界航海到了世界其他一些地方，結(jié)果世界的其他地方的人們也開始說(shuō)英語(yǔ)了。今天，把英語(yǔ)作為自己的第一語(yǔ)言、第二語(yǔ)言或外語(yǔ)來(lái)使用的人比以往任何時(shí)候都多。NativeEnglishspeakerscanunderstandeachothereveniftheyd8ntspeakthesamekindofEnglish.Lookatthisexample:BritishBetty:Wouldyouliketoseemyflat?AmericanAmy:Yes,I'dliketocomeuptoyourapartment.以英語(yǔ)作為母語(yǔ)的人，即使他們所講不是同一種英語(yǔ)，他們也能被此聽懂。請(qǐng)看看這個(gè)例子：英國(guó)人貝蒂：來(lái)看看我的公寓嗎？美國(guó)人艾米：好的，我來(lái)看看你的公寓吧。SowhyhasEnglishchangedovertime?Actuallyalllanguageschangeanddevelopwhenculturesmeetandcommunicatewitheachother.AtfirsttheEnglishspokeninEnglandbetweenaboutAD450and1150wasverydifferentfromtheEnglishspokentoday.ItwasbasedmoreonGermanthantheEnglishwespeakatpresent.ThengraduallybetweenaboutAD800and1150,EnglishbecamelesslikeGermanbecausethosewhoruledEnglandspokenfirstDanishandlaterFrench.ThesenewsettlersenrichedtheEnglishlanguageandespeciallyitsvocabulary.Sobythe1600sShakespearewasabletomakeuseofawidervocabularythaneverbefore.In1620someBritishsettlersmovedtoAmerica.Laterinthe18thcenturysomeBritishpeopleweretakentoAustraliatoo.Englishbegantobespokeninbothcountries.那么，隨著時(shí)間的推移英語(yǔ)為什么發(fā)生了變化呢？實(shí)際上，當(dāng)不同文化相互交流滲透時(shí)，所有的語(yǔ)言都會(huì)有所發(fā)展和變化。開始，英格蘭人在大約公元450年到1150年之間所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)與我們今天所說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)很不一樣。當(dāng)時(shí)的英語(yǔ)更多的是以德語(yǔ)為基礎(chǔ)的，不像我們現(xiàn)在說(shuō)的英語(yǔ)。后來(lái)，大18約在公