2022-2023年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)通遼市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）

2022-2023年內(nèi)蒙古自治區(qū)通遼市大學(xué)英語6級大學(xué)英語六級重點(diǎn)匯總（含答案）學(xué)校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.AcidRain

WhatIsAcidRain?

"Acidrain"isabroadtermusedtodescribeseveralwaysthatacidsfalloutoftheatmosphere.Amoreprecisetermisaciddeposition,whichhastwoparts:wetanddry.

Wetdepositionreferstoacidicrain,fog,andsnow.Asthisacidicwaterflowsoverandthroughtheground,itaffectsavarietyofplantsandanimals.Thestrengthoftheeffectsdependsonmanyfactors,includinghowacidicthewateris,thechemistryandbuffering(隔離)capacityofthesoilsinvolved,andthetypesoffish,trees,andotherlivingthingsthatrelyonthewater.

Drydepositionreferstoacidicgasesandparticles.Abouthalfoftheacidityintheatmospherefallsbacktoearththroughdrydeposition.Thewindblowstheseacidicparticlesandgasesontobuildings,cars,homes,andtrees.Dry-depositedgasesandparticlescanalsobewashedfromtreesandothersurfacesbyrainstorms.Whenthathappens,therunoffwateraddsthoseacrestotheacidrain,makingthecombinationmoreacidicthanthefallingrainalone.

HowDoWeMeasureAcidRain?

Acidrainismeasuredusingascalecalled"pH".Thelowerasubstance'spH,themoreacidicitis.PurewaterhasapHof7.0.Normalrainisslightlyacidicbecausecarbondioxidedissolvesintoit,soithasapHofabout5.5.Asoftheyear2000,themostacidicrainfallingintheU.S.hasapHofabout4.3.EffectsofAcidRain

Acidraincausesacidification(酸化)oflakesandstreamsandcontributestodamageoftreesathighelevations(forexample,redsprucetreesabove2,000feet)andmanysensitiveforestsoils.Inaddition,acidrainacceleratesthedecayofbuildingmaterialsandpaints,includingirreplaceablebuildings,statues,andsculpturesthatarepartofournation'sculturalheritage.PriortofailingtotheEarth,SO2andNOxgasesandtheirparticulatematterderivatives,sulfatesandnitratescontributetovisibilitydegradationandharmpublichealth.

WhatSocietyCanDoAboutDeposition?

Thereareseveralwaystoreduceaciddeposition,rangingfromsocietalchangestoindividualaction.

?UnderstandAcidDeposition'sCausesandEffects

Tounderstandaciddeposition'scausesandeffectsandtrackchangesintheenvironment,scientistsfromEPA,stategovernments,andacademiesstudyacidificationprocesses.TheycollectairandwatersamplesandmeasurethemforvariouscharacteristicslikepHandchemicalcomposition,andtheyresearchtheeffectsofaciddepositiononhuman-madematerialssuchasmarbleandbronze.Finally,scientistsworktounderstandtheeffectsofsulfurdioxide(SO2)andnitrogenoxides(NOx)—thepollutantsthatcauseaciddepositionandfineparticles—onhumanhealth.

Tosolvetheacidrainproblem,peopleneedtounderstandhowacidraincausesdamagetotheenvironment.Theyalsoneedtounderstandwhatchangescouldbemadetotheairpollutionsourcesthatcausetheproblem.Theanswerstothesequestionshelpleadersmakebetterdecisionsabouthowtocontrolairpollutionandthereforehowtoreduce—oreveneliminate—acidrain.Sincetherearemanysolutionstotheacidrainproblem,leadershaveachoiceofwhichoptionsorcombinationsofoptionsarcbest.Thenextsectiondescribessomeofthestepsthatcanbetakentoreduce,oreveneliminate,theaciddepositionproblem.

?CleanUpSmokestacks(煙囪)andExhaustPipes

Almostalloftheelectricitythatpowersmodemlifecomesfromburningfossilfuelslike

coal,naturalgas,andoil.Aciddepositioniscausedbytwopollutantsthatarereleasedintotheatmosphere,oremitted,whenthesefuelsareburned:sulfurdioxide(SO2)andnitrogenoxides(NOx).

CoalaccountsformostU.S.sulfurdioxide(SO2)emissionsandalargeportionofNOxemissions.Su

A.YB.NC.NG

2.

Atfirst,SamWaltonwastheownerofa______.

A.grocery

B.five-and-dimestore

C.low-endrestaurant

D.laundry

3.CuttingbudgetforscienceresearchanddevelopmentfurthersmothersincentivesforAmericanstudentsto______.

4.

Therearetwobasiccategoriesofnegotiationstyles:positionaland________________.

5.

VirtuallyallpatientschoosetotoleratesideeffectswhenconfrontedwiththechoicebetweendyingfromHIV-AIDSandsideeffects.

A.YB.NC.NG

6.

Undergraduatesatdozensofschoolshavegonesofarastovoteforincreasesintheiractivitiesfeestohavemoremoneyfor______.

7.

Thewebwilljustbeanintegralpartoflife,itwillbeareflextoturntothewebforshopping,education,entertainmentand______.

8.

Modernofficeworkersarejustlikefighterpilotsinthatbothneedtomonitordataofgreatcomplexity.

A.YB.NC.NG

9.TheMysteryoftheMayas

Theruinsofonce-beautifulcitiesintheforestsofCentralAmericatellscientistsmuchabouttheamazingpeoplewhobuiltthem.Buttheydonottellwhythesecitiesweresuddenlyabandonedoveronethousandyearsago.AroundA.D.800,somethingmysterioushappenedtotheMayancivilization.Wallsandfoundationsfornewbuildingswereleftunfinished.Tomodernarcheologists,itlookedasifthecitieshadbeenabandoned.Whathappened?Whatisthepossibleexplanationofthismystery?

EarlyDiscoveries

Inthelate1700's,agroupofexplorerscuttingtheirwaythroughaforestinCentralAmericacameupontheruinsofanancientcity.Underatangleoftreesandvines,theyfoundlarge,welldesignedstonebuildingsandhandsomestonemonuments.Someofthestoneswerecoveredwithastrangekindofwriting.Carvingsonotherstonesshowedthatatleastsomeofthepeoplewholivedinthearealongbeforewerehighlyadvanced.

QuestionsRaised

Inthenext150years,morecitieswerediscovered.Theyseemedtobepartofagreatcivilizationstretchingacross500miles(about800kilometers)offorest.In1881,anEnglishmannamedAlfredMaudslayledthefirstbigscientificexpeditiontostudytheruinsintheforest.Maudslaywasanarcheologist,ascientistwhostudiedtheremainsofancientcommunitiesforcluestohowthepeoplelived.Otherexpeditionsfollowed,butatfirsttheyfoundmorequestionsthananswers:Whobuiltthecities,andwhenthecitieswerebuilt?Howhadthepeoplelivedherein'themiddleofarainforest?Mostpuzzlingofall,whathappenedtothem?

PossibleAnswers

Gradually,someoftheanswershavebeenpiecedtogether.Today,livinginpartsofMexicoandGuatemala,therearebrownskinnedIndianpeoplecalledtheMayas.ScientistsbelievethattheancestorsoftheseIndiansbuiltthecitiesandcarvedthestonemonuments.

DatescarvedonsomemonumentsshowthattheywereputupbetweenA.D.300and800,butbits

ofburiedpotterytellusthattheMayashadlivedinsomeoftheircitiesforhundredsofyearsearlier.AttheheightofMayancivilization,theremusthavebeenovertwomillionpeoplelivinginandaroundhundredsofbeautifultownsandcities.

Archeologistsdigginginthesecitieshaveuncoveredroads,afewwaterreservoirs,andtemplesbuiltoneontopofanother.Handsomepicturesmadeofsculpturedplasterandpaintedinbrightcolorswerefoundonthewallsofbuildings.Paintedpotsandpiecesofcarefullycarvedjewelrywerediscoveredintombsunderthefloorsoftemples.ThesepicturesandobjectsshowedmuchabouttheMayas'life.Therewerescenesofpeopleworking,peopleatwar,noblesholdingcourt,priestsinfantasticcostumesandMayangods.

PossibleErrors

Foralongtime,archeologistsworkedonlyonuncoveringlargeMayanstructures,suchastemples,palaces,andballcourts.Littleeffortwasmadetofindtheremainsofsmallerbuildings,suchashouses.Theseemingabsenceofhousesledpeopletobelievethatthecitieswereonlythehomesofpriestsandrulers,wholivedinthepalaces.Theythoughttheordinarypeopleprobablylivedinthecountrysideandcametothecitiesonlyforreligiousceremonies.

NewEvidence

Inrecentyears,newevidencehasbeenuncoveredatanumberofMayancitiesbydifferentgroupsofarcheologists.TheUniversityofPennsylvaniainPhiladelphiahasjustfinishedatwelve-yearstudyofTikal,thebiggestoftheMayancities.Morethanonehundredsmallhousesvaried,too.Somehadmanyremainsoffinelydecoratedpottery.Othershadfewerandplainerpieces.Thehouseswereveryclosetogether,withlittlespacetoraisefood,exceptinsmallgardens.

ChangeofView

ThesenewfindingschangedourpictureofMayanlife.Dr.WilliamR.

A.YB.NC.NG

10.

Recentfindingsalsoindicatethat______helpsuskeepmemoryatitsheight.

11.

Amosquitocangiveamessagetoanothermosquito150feetawayby_____.

12.

WhatkindofstudentsdoesBillStroudteach?

A.9/11survivors.

B.Highschooljuniors.

C.Film-makingmajors.

D.Futureengineers,.

13.

______isquitedifferentfromtheArcticmarinefauna.

14.

Itcanbelearnedfromthepassagethatwemayhave______toworkonthebigprojectweareundertakingifsomeoneelsegetstheknowledgeaboutwhatweredoing.

15.

Thephenomenonofmenhavingtwothingssciaticaandupcomingweddingincommonindicatesthat______.

A.pre-marriageanxietyisinevitableformostmen

B.psychologicaldistressmaycontributetolow-backpain

C.almostallbridegroomshaveadegeneratedorherniateddisc

D.backpainmayintensifypre-marriagejitters

16.

Ifyousuppressvariationsinincomebywhatevermeans,theresultalwaysseemstobethesame______.

17.

IfWaldoWilcoxshootsthemountainlionwithoutkillingit,hewillmakemuchmoneybysellingittoazoo.

A.YB.NC.NG

18.

Crammerscanimprovetheirgradesbyaddinginformal______beforetheoverwhelmingpressureison.

19.

Inancienttimes.athletesWhoshowexcellentskillsinsportscouldbeentitledto______.

20.YoucangetevacuationdetailsthroughthewaysprovidedbythewebsiteofLasVegasthoughitdoesn'tdisclosethedetailsdueto______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：W:Howaboutgoingtotheartgallerytoday?Theyarehavingaspecialexhibitoflocalartistsincludingyourfavoritepainter.

M:I'dloveto,ifIcangetthistermpaperoutofmyway.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(14)

A.Heenjoyedthepaintings,too.

B.Hehastofinishhistermpaperfirst.

C.Hecan'tfinishhistermpaperthatday.

D.Hehaslearnedsomethingabouttheartists.

22.(15)

A.TheA41attheDomecornerhasfewcars.

B.TheA1MnearHatfield,HarrowRoadhasheavytraffic.

C.TheA404,HarrowRoadisverybusywithmanycars.

D.TheA1Misnowflowingfreelywithoutproblems.

23.(26)

A.Comedy.B.Lightmovie.C.Mysterymovie.D.Actionmovie.

24.(29)

A.Asalesperson.

B.Anexperiencedsalesmanager.

C.Aseniorbusinessexecutive.

D.Agovernmentadministrator.

25.聽力原文：W:Excuseme,Sir.I'vebeenwaitingherefornearly20minutesjusttopaymytelephonebill.

M:I'msorryaboutthat.Butthecomputerisdown,andeverybodyhashadtowaittiffsafternoon.

Q:What'sthewomanComplainingabout?

(19)

A.Thelongwait.

B.Themistakesinhertelephonebill.

C.Thebroken-downcomputer.

D.Thebadtelephoneservice.

26.

【B6】

27.聽力原文：IthasbeenreportedthatincollegesacrosstheUnitedStates,(32)thedaytimeserialdramaknownasthesoapoperahassuddenlybecome"in"amongthestudents.Betweenthehoursof11:00a.m.and4:30p.m.,collegetelevisionloungesarefilledwith(33)soapoperafanswhocan'twaittoseethenextepisodeinthelivesoftheirfavoritecharacters.

Actually,soapoperasaremorethanacollegefavorite;they'reayouthfavorite.Whenschoolisout,highschoolstudentsareinfrontoftheirTVsets,waitingfortheprograms.Oneyoungworkingwomanadmittedthatsheturneddownahigherpayingjobratherthangiveupwatchingherfavoriteserials.Thesoapoperashavebecomepartofpeople'slives.Duringthe1960s,itwasuncommonforyoung*peopletowatchsoapoperas.(35)Themoodofthesixtieswasverydifferentfromnow.(34)Itwasatimeofseriousness,andtalkwasaboutsocialissuesofgreatimportance.

(35)Now,scri0usnesshasbeenreplacedbyfun.Youngpeoplewanttobehappy.Itmayseemstrangethattheyshouldturntosoapoperas,whichareknownforshowingtroubleinpeople'slives.Butsoapoperasareenjoyment.Youngpeoplecanidentifywiththesoapoperacharacter,who,likethecollege-ageviewer,islookingforhappylove,andprobablynotfindingit.Andsoapoperasgiveyoungpeopleachancetofeelclosetopeoplewithouthavingtobearanyresponsibilityfortheirproblems.

(33)

A.Playsbasedonsciencefictionstories.

B.Playsbasedonnon-fictionstories.

C.ThedaytimeserialdramasonTV.

D.PopulardocumentaryfilmsonTV.

28.【B3】

29.(47)

30.(21)

A.Itisaprivatecompany.

B.Itiscontrolledbythegovernment.

C.Itcannotbeusedforgovernmentpropaganda.

D.Itcanbeusedbyprivateindividualsandfirms.

31.聽力原文：W:Excuseme,couldIaskyousomequestions?

M:Ofcourse.

W:Iworkforanadvertisingagency,andI'mdoingsomeresearch.It'sforanewmagazineforpeoplelikeyou.

M:Peoplelikeme?Whatdoyoumean?

W:Peoplebetween25and35yearsold.

M:Okay.Right.

W:Whatdoyoudoattheweekend?

M:Well,onFriday,mywifealwaysgoestoherexerciseclass,thenshevisitsfriends.

W:Don'tyougoout?

M:NotonFridays.InevergooutonFridays.Istayathomeandwatchtelevision.

W:AndonSaturdays?

M:OnSaturdays,mywifeandIalwaysgosailingtogether.

W:Really?

M:Mmmhmm.Weloveit!Wenevermissit.Andthenintheeveningwegoout.

W:Whereto?

M:Differentplaces.Wesometimesgoandseefriends.Wesometimesgotothecinemaorarestaurant.ButwealwaysgooutonSaturdayevening?

W:Isee.Andnow,Sunday.WhathappensonSunday?

M:Nothingspecial.Weoftengoforawalk,andIalwayscookabigSundaylunch.

W:Oh!Howoftendoyoudothecooking?

M:Mmm...Twiceaweek,threetimesaweek.

W:Thankyouverymuch.AllIneedtoknowareyourpersonaldetails;yourname,job,andsoon.What'syoursurname?

M:Robertson.

(23)

A.Forabasketballmatch.

B.Foratabletennismatch.

C.Forafootballmatch.

D.Foravolleyballmatch.

32.(25)

A.Knowthelimitofyourtemper.

B.Tellthemdon'tdothesamethingsagain.

C.Givethemrewardtobehavewell.

D.Pretendtobeunawareofwhathappened.

33.聽力原文：IfyouliveinacityinNorthAmericaorEurope,youhaveprobablyneverthoughtmuchaboutwater.Wheneveryouneedsome,youturnonthetapandthereitis.Millionsofpeopleinotherpartsoftheworldarenotsolucky.(29)Theyhavetroublegettingenoughcleanwatertottheirbasicneeds.Thissituationmay.soonbecomecommonallaroundtheworld,scientistsbelieve.Infact,theysaythatthelackofcleanwatermaybeoneofthebiggestissuesinthetwenty-firstcentury.

Thereasonsforthisareclear.(30)Ontheonehand,peopleareusingmorewaterthaneverbefore.Overthelastfiftyyears,thepopulationoftheworldhasmorethandoubled.Sohasthedemandforwater,forhomeuse,forfarming,andforindustry.(30)Ontheotherhand,suppliesofcleanwateraredisappearing.Manysourcesofsurfacewatersuchasrivers,lakes,andstreams—aretoopollutedandunhealthyforuseasdrinkingwater.Thishasforcedmoreandmorepeopletodrillwellssotheycangetwaterfromunderground.

Thereareenormousamountsofwaterdeepundergroundinlakescalledaquifers.Untilrecently,scientistsbelievedthisgroundwaterwassafefrompollution.Then,in1980s,peopleintheUnitedStatesbegantofindchemicalsintheirwellwater,andscientiststookacloserlookatwhatwashappening.WeldonSpring,Missouri,forexample,wasthesiteofabombfactoryduringWorldWarⅡ.Thefactorywasdestroyedafterthewar,butpoisonouschemicalsremainedontheground.Veryslowly,(31)theseschemicalsdrippeddownthroughthegroundandintotheaquifer.Oncetheydid,however,thewaterfromthataquiferwasnolongerdrinkable.

(30)

A.Pollutionproblems.

B.Watersuppliesaroundtheworld.

C.AnindustrialsiteinMissouri.

D.Groundwaterpollution.

34.

【B7】

35.聽力原文：Ifyoufeeloverwhelmedbyyourcollegeexperience,youarenotalone--manyoftoday'scollegestudentsaresufferingfromaform.ofshock.Goingtocollegehasalwayshaditsupsanddowns,buttodaythe"downs"ofthecollegeexperiencearemorenumerousanddifficult.Theschoolsarerespondingtotheproblemwithincreasedsupportservice.

Lisaisagoodexampleofastudentinshock.Sheisalovely,intelligentgirloftwentyandisinherthirdyearatauniversity.HavingbeenastraightAstudentinhighschoolandamemberofthebasketballteamthere,sheremembersherhighschooldayswithfondness.Lisawaspopularthenandhadaboyfriendforthelasttwoyearsofschool.

Now,onlythreeyearslater,Lisaismiserable.Shehaschangedhermajorfourtimesalreadyandisforcedtoholdtwopart-timejobsinordertopayhertuition.Shecan'tsleepwelloreatproperly.Shealsobelievesthatshehasnoclosefriends.Sometimessheburstsintocryingfornoapparentreason.Onmorethanoneoccasion,shehasconsideredtakingherownlife.

WhatishappeningtoLisahappenstomillionsofcollegestudentseachyear.Asaresult,roughlyone-fourthofthestudentssufferfromdepression.Someofthemaresodepressedthattheyhavetogotothedoctor.Meanwhile,suiciderateamongcollegestudentsishighernowthanatanyothertimeinhistory.Itisfiftypercenthigherthanamongnon-studentsofthesameage.Itisestimatedthateachyearmorethanfivehundredcollegestudentstaketheirownlives.

Collegehealthofficialsbelievethatthesereportedproblemsrepresentonlythetipoftheiceberg.Theyfearthatmoststudents,likeLisa,sufferinsilence.

(33)

A.Goingtocollegeinthepastwasmorestressfulthanitistoday.

B.Goingtocollegeinthepastwaslessstressfulthanitistoday.

C.Goingtocollegeinthepastwasasstressfulasitistoday.

D.Goingtocollegewasnotstressfulinthepast,neitherisittoday.

36.

【B10】

37.(35)

A.PeopleknowalmostnothingaboutShakespeare'searlylife.

B.ShakespearewasalreadywellknownbeforehewenttoLondon.

C.PeopleknowalotaboutShakespeare'slifeinLondon.

D.PeopleknowonlyalittleaboutShakespeare'slifeinLondon.

38.聽力原文：M:Therewasanewquizshowontelevisionlastnight,butwewerejustsittingdowntodinnerwhenitcameon.

W:Iwatcheditanditwasgreat!Thefirstfourcontestantswononlysmallprizes,butthefifthleftwithanewluxurycar.

Q:Whathappenedlastnight?

(16)

A.Fourcontestantsfailedtowinprizes.

B.Themanateduringtheshow.

C.Thewomanmissedtheshow.

D.Fivecontestantswoncars.

39.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：ErnestHemingwaywasoneofthegreatAmericanwritersofthetwentiethcentury.HewasbornonJuly21,1899,thesecondofsixchildren.Hisfamilywasstrictandveryreligious.Hisfathertaughthischildrenaloveofnatureandtheoutdoorlife.Hismothertaughthimaloveofmusicandart.(26)Hegraduatedin1917,buthedidn'tgotocollege.HewenttoKansasCityandworkedasajournalistfortheStarnewspaper.Helearnedalot,butleftafteronlysixmonthstogotowar.

Hemingwaywasfascinatedbywar.Hehadwantedtobecomeasoldier,butcouldn'tbecausehehadpooreyesight.(27)Instead,intheFirstWorldWar,hebecameanambulancedriver.

Afterthewar,hewenttoliveinParis,wherehewasencouragedinhisworkbytheAmericanwriterGertrudeSteinInthe1930s,hebecameawarcorrespondentintheSpanishCivilWarandWorldWarII.Manyofhisbookswereaboutwar.(28)Hismostsuccessfulbook,ForWhomtheBellTolls,waswrittenin1940andisabouttheSpanishCivilWar.

Anothernovel,AFarewelltoArms,isaboutthefutilityofwar.

Hemingway'ssuccessinwritingwasnotmirroredbysimilarsuccessinhispersonallifeHemarriedfourtimes.Hishealthwasnotgoodandhehadmanyaccidents.Hesufferedfromdepressionanddrunkheavily.InOctoberof1954hewasawardedtheNobelPrizeinliterature,buthewastoosicktoreceiveitinperson.

26．WhatcanwelearnaboutErnestHemingway?

27.WhatdidHemingwaydoduringtheFirstWorldWar?

28.WhatisHemingway'sfamousbookForWhomtheBellTollsabout?

(27)

A.Hedidn'tgotocollege.

B.Hebenefitedalotfromsuccessfulpersonallife.

C.Hewasingoodhealth.

D.HewasawardedtheNobelPrizein1945.

40.

【B5】

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Whoisagainstthescheme?

42.

TheauthorgivestheexampleofMichelPeretiesexperienceforthereasonthat______.

A.heisnowthepotentialsaviorofthechiefexecutive

B.heisfromthefamousbankofParis-SocieteGenerale

C.hisexperienceshowsheistheonewithpowernow

D.hisexperienceshowschangesinthebalanceofpowernow

43.

Thismainideaofthecountry?

A.theformationofsugar

B.theroleofwaterinagrowingplant

C.thefunctionsofcarbondioxideandwater

D.thesynthesisofwaterwithcarbondioxide

44.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Leadershipishardlyanewareaofresearch,ofcourse.Foryears,academicshavedebatedwhetherleadersarebornormade,whetherapersonwholackscharisma(capacitytoinspiredevotionandenthusiasm)canbecomealeader,andwhatmakesleadersfail.WarrenG.Bennis,possiblytheworld'sforemostexpertonleading,has,togetherwithhisco-author,writtentwobest-sellersonthetopic.Generally,researchershavefoundthatyoucan'texplainleadershipbywayofintelligence,birthorder,familywealthorstability,levelofeducation,race,orsex.Fromoneleadertothenext,there'senormousvarianceineveryoneofthosefactors.

Theauthors'researchledtoanewandtellingdiscovery:thateveryleader,regardlessofage,hadundergoneatleastoneintense,transformationalexperiencewhattheauthorscalla"crucible"(severetest).Theseeventscaneithermakeyouorbreak,you.Foremergingleaders,theydomoremakingthanbreaking,providingkeylessonstohelpapersonmoveaheadconfidently.

Ifacruciblehelpsapersontobecomeleader,therearefouressentialqualitiesthatallowsomeonetoremainone,accordingtotheauthors.Theyare:an"adaptivecapacity"thatletspeoplenotonlysurviveinevitablesetbacks,heartbreaks,anddifficultiesbutalsolearnfromthem;anabilitytoengageothersthroughsharedmeaningoracommonvision;adistinctiveandcompellingvoicethatcommunicatesone'sconvictionanddesiretodotherightthing;andasenseofintegritythatallowsaleadertodistinguishbetweengoodandevil.

Thatsoundsobviousenoughtobecommonplace,untilyoulookatsomerecentfailuresthatshowhowvalidthesedictums(formalstatementsofopinion)are.TheauthorsbelievethatformerCodaColaCo.ChairmanM.DouglasIvesterlastedjust28monthsbecause"hisgraspofcontextwassorrowful."Amongotherthings,IvesterdegradedCoke'shighest-rankingAfrican-Americanevenasthecompanywaslosinga$200millionclassactionbroughtbyblackemployees.Procter&GambleCo.ex-CEODurkJagerlosthisjobbecausehefailedtocommunicatetheurgentneedforthesweepingchangeshewasmaking.

It'sstriking,too,thattheauthorsfoundtheirgeezers(whoseformativeperiod,astheauthorsdefinethem,was1945to1954,andwhowereshapedbyWorldWarII)sharingwhattheybelievedtobeacriticaltraitthesenseofpossibilityandwondermoreoftenassociatedwithchildhood."Unlikethosedefeatedbytimeandage,ourgeezershaveremainedmuchlikeourgeeks(whocameofagebetween1991and2000,andgrewup'virtual,visual,anddigital')—open,willingtotakerisks,hungryforknowledgeandexperience,courageous,andeagertoseewhatthenewdaybrings",theauthorswrite.

Thetextindicatesthatleadershipresearch______.

A.hasbeenacontroversialstudyforyears

B.predictshowaleadercomestobe

C.definesthelikelihoodtobealeader

D.probesthemysteriesofleadership

45.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.Corporateexecutivesingeneralareworththehighpaytheyreceive.

B.Theincomeofcorporateexecutivesisproportionaltothegrowthofcorporateprofits.

C.Corporateexecutivestendtotakeadvantageoftheirpositiontoenrichthemselves.

D.Theperformanceofcorporateexecutivesaffectstheirowninterestsmorethanthoseoftheshareholders.

46.

Whichofthefollowingstatementsaboutsocceristrue?

A.Insoccerandbasketball,theethnictideisdifferent.

B.Untilrecently,soccerbecomesanimportantgame,somanynativeAmericansplayit.

C.Itisthemostpopulargameintheworld,somanyAmericancitizenstakeupit.

D.Althoughsocceristhemostpopulargameintheworld,Americancitizensinlargenumbersdonotlikeitfirst.

47.

【C4】

48.

WhatdoescounterpartinParagraph5referto?

A.Volumeofsales.

B.Varietyofsales.

C.Market.

D.Consumption.

49.

Bysaying"nobodyundersellsAmerica"(Underlined),theauthormeansthat______.

A.noothercountryunderestimatesthecompetitivenessofAmericanproducts

B.nobodyexpectstheAmericanstocutthepricesoftheircommodities

C.nobodyrestrainsthesellingofAmericangoods

D.noothercountrysellsatalowerpricethanAmerica

50.

Whatcanyouinferfromthesentence"Thereisalsothesameexuberanceandunpredictabilityinsuddenfadswitches"inParagraph4?

A.Theremayariseunexpectedemergenceoffashionoutofthetrend.

B.Theteenagers'pursuitof"idols"maynotbeconsistentandrational.

C.Notalltheyouthworshipthe"pop"performersintheentertainmentfield.

D.Theyoutharealwaysclingingtothetrendledbythepopsingers.

51.WhatdoweknowaboutextracurricularactivitiesinAmericanhighschools?

A.Studentsareunitedandworktoreachthesamegoal.

B.Therestillexistsprejudiceandracediscrimination.

C.Studentsfromdifferentraceshaveequalaccess.

D.TheyareorganizedaccordingtoAllport'sTheory.

52.

Thebesttitle