五年高考三年模擬系列閱讀理解文化類

文化類

第一部分五年高考題薈萃

2010年高考題

Passage1

(10?安徽C篇)

Americancitiesaresimilartoothercitiesaroundtheworld.Ineverycountrycitiesreflectthe

valuesoftheculture.Citiescontaintheverybestaspectsofasociety:opportunitiesforeducation

employmentandentertainment.Theyalsocontaintheveryworstpartsofasociety:violentcrime

racialconflictandpoverty.AmericancitiesarechangingjustasAmericansocietyischanging.

AfterWorldWarIIcityresidentsbecamewealthiermoreprosperous.Theyhadmorechildren.

Theyneededmorespace.Theymoveoutoftheirapartmentsinthecitytobuytheirownhomes.

Theyboughthousesinthesuburbsareasnearacitywherepeoplelive.Theseareareaswithout

manyofficesorfactories.Duringthe1950stheAmerican“dream“wastohaveahouseinthe

suburbs.

Nowthingsarechanging.Thechildrenofthepeoplewholeftthecitiesin1950sarenow

adults.Theyunliketheirparentswanttoliveinthecities.Manyyoungprofessionalsdoctorslawyers

andexecutivesaremovingbackintothecity.Manyaresingle;othersaremarriedbutoftenwithout

children.Theypreferthecitytothesuburbsbecausetheirjobsarethere;theyareafraidofthefuel

shortage;ortheyjustenjoytheexcitementandopportunitieswhichthecityoffers.

Thispopulationshiftisbringingproblemsaswellasbenefits.Countlesspoorpeoplemustleave

theirapartmentsinthecitybecausetheownerswanttosellthebuildingsormakeapartmentsfor

saleinsteadofforrent.Inthe1950s,manypoorpeopledidnothaveenoughmoneytomovetothe

suburbs;nowmanyofthesepeopledonothaveenoughmoneytostayinthecities.

Onlyafewyearsago,peoplethoughtthattheolderAmericancitiesweredying.Somecity

residentsnowseeabright,newfuture.Othersseeonlyproblemsandconflicts.Onethingissure：

manydyingcitiesarealiveagain.

64.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcitiesallovertheworld?

A.Theyarealive.B.Theyarehopeless.

C.TheyaresimilarD.Theyaredifferent.

65.WhydidAmericancityresidentswanttoliveinthesuburbsa代erWorldWarII?

A.BecauseolderAmericancitiesweredying.

B.Becausetheywerericherandneededmorespace.

C.Becausecitiescontainedtheworstpartsofsociety.

D.Becausetheycouldhardlyaffordtoliveinthecity.

66.Accordingtothe4thparagragh,agreatmanypoorpeopleinAmericancities()

A.arefacedwithhousingproblems

B.arefacedtomovetothesuburbs

C.wanttoselltheirbuildings

D.needmoremoneyfordailyexpenses

67.Wecanconcludefromthetextthat（）

A.Americancitiesarechangingforthewors

B.peoplehavedifferentviewsonAmericancities

C.manypeoplearenowmovingfromAmericancities

D.thepopulationisdecreasinginolderAmericancities

答案：64—67CBAB

Passage2

（10?福建B篇）

ForgetTwitterandFacebook,GoogleandtheKindle.Televisionisstillthemostinfluential

（地區(qū)）

mediumaround.Indeedzformanyofthepoorestregionsoftheworld,itremainsthenextbig

thingfinallybecomesgloballyavailable.Andthatisagoodthing,becausetheTVrevolutionis

changinglivesforthebetter.

Acrossthedevelopingworld,around45%offamilieshadaTVin1995;by2005thenumber

hadclimbedabove60%.ThatissomewaybehindtheU.S.,wherearemoreTVsthanpeople,and

wherepeoplenoweasilygetaccesstotheInternet.Fivemillionmorefamiliesinsub-SaharanAfrica

willgetaTVoverthenextfiveyears.In2005,afterthefalloftheTaliban（塔利班），whichhad

outlawedTV,1in5Afghanshadone.Theglobaltotalisanother150millionby2013pushing

thenumberstowellbeyondtwothirdsoffamilies.

Television'smostpowerfuleffectwillbeonthelivesofwomen.InIndia,researchersRobert

JensenandEmilyOsterfoundthatwhenTVsreachedvillages,womenweremorelikelytogotothe

marketwithouttheirhusbands'approvalandlesslikelytowantaboyratherthanagirl.Theywere

morelikelytomakedecisionsoverchildhealthcare.TVisalsoapowerfulmediumforadult

education.IntheIndianstateofGujarat,ChitrageetisapopularshowthatplaysBollywoodsongs

withwordsinGujarationthescreen.Withinsixmonths,viewershadmadeasmallbut

significant（有意義的）improvementintheirreadingskills.

ToomuchTVhasbeenassociatedwithviolence,overweightandloneliness.However,TVis

havingapositiveinfluenceonthelivesofbillionsworldwide.

60.Theunderlinedword“outlawed"inparagraph2probablymeans"".

A.allowedB.bannedC.offeredD.refused

61.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.AmericansusedtogetaccesstotheInterneteasily.

B.Theworld'sTVsetswilltotal150millionby2013.

C.45%offamiliesinthedevelopingcountrieshadaTVin2005.

D.OvertwothirdsoffamiliesintheworldwillhaveaTVby2013.

62.Theauthorintendsto.

A.stresstheadvantagesofTVtopeople'slives

B.persuadewomentobecomemoreindependent

C.encouragepeopletoimprovetheirreadingskills

D.introducethereaderssomewebsitessuchasGoogle

63.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.TVWillRuletheWorldB.TVWillDisturbtheWorld

C.TVWillBettertheWorldD.TVWillRemaininWorld

答案：60—63BDAC

Passage3

（10?福建C篇）

Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers/

desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.

Twothirdsofcustomerssaythatenvironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothe

samedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetter

awareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.

Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshould

stillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitis

importanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthat

theyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany'senvironmental

reputationwasnotgoodenough.

HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive（主管）oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes：”Iunderstandthis

situationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockis

ticking—wedon'thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascosts

dropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand.”

Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnew

rulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions（抖E

放）.Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumers

arenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthat

areabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.

TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodwork

companiesaredoing.Z/Whencompaniesaregranted（授予）thestandard,theycanusealogo（標

識）inalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions/Mr.

Morrisonsaid.

64.What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.

B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.

C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsathome.

D.Firmsareurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers'environmentalawareness.

65.Theunderlinedword"inform“inParagraph2probablymeans"

A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject

66.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses.

A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissions

B.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppers

C.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissions

D.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere

67.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.

A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecosts

B.usethesamelogointheirmarketing

C.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyaction

D.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods

答案：DAAC

Passage4

（10?福建E篇）

IntheUnitedStates,thereweresomewell-constructedhousesfornativeIndians,rangingfrom

thesimplebrushsheltertothefive-storiedpueblo.

IntheeasternUnitedStates,oneoftheexistingtypeswasthatcommonlyknowunderthe

AlgonkiannameofwigwaminwhichtheIroquoisIndianslived.Thewigwamswereofwagon-top

shapewithstraightsidesandends,madebybendingyoungtreestoformtheroundshape.Over

thisshapepiecesoftreebarkwerelaidtoprotecttheIndiansfrombadweather.Overthebark

driedgrasswasadded.Asmallholeallowedsmoketoescapefromthetop.Doorwaysateachend

servedalsoaswindows,TheIroquoisIndiansbuilttrunkwallsallaroundtheirvillages.Thewallhad

onlyoneopening,Theycouldquicklyclosethisopeningiftheirenemiescamenear.

Interestingly,theChoctawIndiansinMississippialsolivedinawigwamofamostprimitive（原始

的）construction,butdifferentfromthoseoftheIroquoisIndians.TheChoctawIndians'wigwams,

madefrommud,caneandstraw,wereintheformofabee-hive.Thecoveringwasmadeofalong,

toughgrass.Apostinthecentresupportedtheroof.Aholeinthetopadmittedthelight,and

allowedthesmoketopassout.

Thetipitent-housingoftheupperlakeandplainsareawasputupwithpolessetlightlyinthe

ground,tiedtogethernearthetop,andcoveredwithbarkandgrassinthelakecountry.Itwas

easilyportable,andtwowomencouldsetituportakeitdownwithinanhour.

ThePawnee,MandanandotherIndiantribes（部落）alongtheMissouribuiltsolidring-shaped

structuresoftrunk,coveredwithearthanddriedgrass,housingadozenfamilies.

TheWichitaandothertribesoftheTexasborderbuiltlargering-shapedhousescoveredwith

driedgrass.

Apartfromtheregularhousing,almosteverytribehadsomestyleofhousing.

72.WhichofthefollowingpicturesshowsthehousefortheIroquoisIndians?

73.Accordingtothepassage,thePawneeIndiansbuilttheirhouses.

A.withopeningsinthetrunkwallsB.largeenoughforseveralfamilies

C.inaringshapewithbarkandmudD.bybendingyoungtreestoformtheshape

74.AllthenativeIndianhousesdescribedinthepassagewere.

A.ofthesameshapeB.coveredwithgrass

C.builtwithapostinthecentreD.builtwithdoorwaysateachend

75.Thepassagesuggeststhat

A.allthenativeIndiansbuilttrunkwallsallaroundtheirhouses

B.allthenativeIndianhouseswerebuiltwithpolestiedtogether

C.theIroquoisIndianstooksafetyintoaccountwhilebuildingtheirwigwams

D.theChoctawIndiansinMississippibuilttheirwigwamswithstraightsidesandends

答案：72—75ABBC

Passage5

（10?江蘇A篇）

Usually,whenyourteacherasksaquestion,thereisonlyonecorrectanswer.Butthereisone

questionthathasmillionsofcurrentanswers.Thatquestionis"What'syourname?"Everyonegives

adifferentanswer,buteveryoneiscorrect.

Haveyoueverwonderedaboutpeople'snames?Wheredotheycomefrom?Whatdothey

mean?

People'sfirstnames,orgivennames,arechosenbytheirparents.Sometimesthenameofa

grandparentorothermemberofthefamilyisused.Someparentschoosethenameofa

well-knownperson.AboycouldbenamedGeorgeWashingtonSmith;agirlcouldbenamedHelen

KellerJones.

Somepeoplegivetheirchildrennamesthatmeangoodthings.Clarameans“bright”;Beatrice

means“onewhogiveshappiness";Donaldmeans"worldruler”;Leonardmeans"asbraveasalion”.

Theearliestlastnames,orsurnames,weretakenfromplacenames.Afamilywiththename

BrookorBrooksprobablylivednearbrook（小溪）；someonewhowascalledLongstreetprobably

livedonalong,pavedroad.TheGreenwoodfamilylivedinornearaleafyforest.

Otherearlysurnamescamefrompeople'soccupations.Themostcommonoccupationalname

isSmith,whichmeansapersonwhomakesthingswithironorothermetals.Inthepast,smiths

wereveryimportantworkersineverytownandvillage.Someotheroccupationalnamesare:Carter

—apersonwhoownedordroveacart;Potter-apersonwhomadepotsandpans.

TheancestorsoftheBakerfamilyprobablybakedbreadfortheirneighborsintheirnative

village.TheCarpenter/sgreat-great-great-grandfatherprobablybuilthousesandfurniture.

Sometimespeoplewereknownforthecoloroftheirhairorskin,ortheirsize,ortheirspecial

abilities.WhenthereweretwomenwhowerenamedJohninthesamevillage,theJohnwiththe

grayhairprobablybecameJohnGray.OrtheJohnwasverytallcouldcallhimselfJohnTailman.John

FishwasprobablyanexcellentswimmerandJohnLightfootwasprobablyafastrunneroragood

dancer.

Somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather'sname.English-speaking

peopleadded-sor-son.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohn;theRobertsfamily'sancestorwas

Robert.IrishandScottishpeopleaddedMacorMeorO.PerhapsalloftheMacDonnellsandthe

McDonnellsandtheO'DonnellsaredescendantsofthesameDonnell.

56.WhichofthefollowingaspectsdothesurnamesinthepassageNOTcover?A.Placeswhere

peoplelived.

B.People'scharacters.

C.Talentsthatpeoplepossessed.

D.People/soccupations.

選B,根據(jù)文中4,5,6三段可知只有B選項未提及

57.Accordingtothepassage,theancestorsofthePotterfamilymostprobably.

A.ownedordroveacart

B.madethingswithmetals

C.madekitchentoolsorcontains

D.builthousesandfurniture

選C文中第六段potter-apersonwhomadepotsandpans,可知potter意為個制作茶壺和平底

鍋的人，由此推斷選C

58.SupposeandEnglishcouplewhoseancestorslivednearaleafyforestwantedtheirnew-born

sontobecomeaworldleader,thebabymightbenamed.

A.BeatriceSmith

B.LeonardCarter

C.GeorgeLongstreet

D.DonaldGreenwood

選D根據(jù)文中倒數(shù)第2段可知?些人取名是根據(jù)特征而來。比如灰色頭發(fā)的人取名johnGray,

高個的人取名johnTallman.所以根據(jù)題意，居住在森林旁邊的人取名為DonaldGreenwood

59.Theunderlinedword"descendants“inthelastparagraphmeansaperson's.A.later

generations

B.friendsandrelatives

C.colleaguesandpartners

D.latersponsors

選A根據(jù)最后——段第——二二行“somefamilynamesweremadebyaddingsomethingtothefather's

name.TheJohnsonsaredescendantsofJohn可知descendants指的是后代

Passage6

（10?全國IB篇）

EDGEWOOD—EverymorningatDixieHeightsHighschool,customerspourintoaspecial

experiment:thedistrict'sfirstcoffeeshoprunmostlybystudentswithspeciallearningneeds.

Wellbeforeclassesstart,studentsandteachersorderLattes,CappuccinosandHot

Chocolates.Then,duringthefirstperiod,teacherscallinordersontheirroomphones,andstudents

makedeliveries.

Byclosingtimeat9.20a.m.ztheshopusuallysells90drinks.

“whoevermadethechitea,Ms.Schatzmansaysitwasgood,"ChristyMcKinley,asecond

yearstudent,announcedrecently,afterhangingupwiththeteacher.

TheshopiscalledtheDixiePIT；whichstandsforPowerinTransition.Althoughsomeofthe

studentsarenotdisabled,manyare,andthePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool.

Theylearnnotonlyhowtorunacoffeeshopbutalsohowtodealwiththeiraffairs.They

keepatimecardandreceivepaychecks，whichtheykeepincheckregisters.

Special-educationteachersKimChevalierandSueCaseyintroducedtheDixiePITfroma

similarprogramatKennesawMountainHighSchoolinGeorgia.

Notthatitwaseasy.Chevalier'sfirstproblemtoovercomewasproduct-related.Should

schoolsbesellingcoffee?Whataboutsugarcontent?

KentonCountyFoodServiceDirectorGingerGrayhelped.Shemadesureallthedrinks,which

usenon-fatmilk,fellwithinnutrition（營養(yǎng)）guidelines.

Thewholeschoolhasjoinedintohelp.

Teachersagreedtogiveuptheirlounge（休息室）inthemorning.Artstudentspaintedthe

nameoftheshoponthewall.Businessstudentsdesignedthepaychecks.Thebasketballteam

helpedpayforcups.

59.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Abest-sellingcoffee.

B.Aspecialeducationalprogram.

C.Governmentsupportforschools.

D.Anewtypeofteacher-studentrelationship.

6O.TheDixiePITprogramwasintroducedinorderto.

A.raisemoneyforschoolaffairs

B.dosomeresearchonnutrition

C.developstudents7practicalskills

D.supplyteacherswithdrinks

61.HowdidChristyMcKinleyknowMs.Schatzman'sopinionofthechitea?

A.Shemetherintheshop.

B.Sheheardhertellingothers.

C.Shetalkedtoheronthephone.

D.Shewenttoherofficetodeliverthetea.

62.WeknowfromthetextthatGingerGray.

A.managestheDixiePITprograminKentonCounty

B.seesthatthedrinksmeethealthstandards

C.teachesatDixieHeightsHighSchool

D.ownstheschool'scoffeeshop

答案：

59.選B?？疾槲恼轮黝}大意。主要看首段customerspourintoaspecialexperiment:the

district'sfirstcoffeeshoprunmostlybystudentswithspeciallearningneeds

和第五段最后thePIThelpsthemprepareforlifeafterhighschool.文章主要講的

是一個特殊的教育項目。

60.選C。第五和第六段說明這個教育項目是為學生走出社會做準備的，所以主要是鍛煉學生

的實際動手能力。

61.選C。第四段，考查hangup的意思“掛電話”。

62.選B。倒數(shù)第三段。

Passage7

（10?湖北C篇）

Theywearthelatestfashionswiththemostup-to-dateaccessorise（酉己飾）.Yetthesearegirlsin

theirteensortwentiesbutwomenintheirsixtiesandseventies.Agengrationwhichwouldonce

onlywearold-fashionedclothesisnowfavouringthesamehighstreetlookswornbythosehalf

theirage.

ProfessorJuliaTwigg,asocialpolicyexpert,said/Womenover75arenowshoppingforclothes

morefrequentlythantheydidwhentheywereyounginthe1960s.Inthe1960sbuyingacoatfora

womanwasaseriousmatter.Itwasanexpensiveitemthattheywouldpurchaseonlyeverythree

orfouryears-nowyoucanpickoneupatthesupermarketwheneveryouwishto.Fashionisa

lotcheaperandpeoplegettiredofthingsmorequickly."

ProfessorTwigganalysedfamilyexpending（支出）dataandfoundthatwhilethepercentageof

spendingonclothesandshoesbywomenhadstayedaroundthesame—and5or6percentof

spending一theamountofclothesboughthadrisensharply.

Theprofessorsaid,uClothesarenow70percentcheaperthantheywereinthe1960sbecause

ofthehugeexpansionofproductionintheFarEast.Inthe1960sLeedswastheheartoftheBritish

fashionindustryandthatwaswheremostoftheclothescamefrom,butnowalmostallofour

clothesaresourcedelsewhere.Everyoneisbuyingmoreclothesbutingeneralwearenotspending

moremoneyonthem.”

FashiondesignerAngelaBarnard,whorunsherownfashionbusinessinLondon,saidolder

womenweremuchmoreaffectedbycelebrity（名流）stylethaninpreviousyears.

Shesaid/WhenpeopleseestarssuchasJudiDenchandHelenMirrenlookingattractiveand

fashionableintheirsixties,theywanttofollowthem.Olderwomenaremuchmoreawareof

celebrities.There'salsotheboominTVprogrammesshowingpeoplehowtheycanchangetheir

look,andmanyofmyoldercustomersdoyogatostayinshapewellintheirfifties.WhenIstarted

mybusinessafewyearsago.myoldercustomerstendedtobeveryrich,butnowtheyarewhatI

wouldcallordinarywomen.Myownmotheris61andshewearsthelatestfashionsinawayshe

wouldneverhavedonetenyearsago.”

59.ProfessorTparedwiththe1960s,.

A.thepriceofclotheshasgenerallyfallenby70%

B.thespendingonclotheshasincreasedby5%or6%

C.peoplespend30%lessthantheydidonclothes

D.theamountofchothesboughthasrisenby5%or6%

60.Whatcanwelearnaboutoldwomenintermsoffashion?

A.Theyareoftenignoredbyfashiondesigners.

B.Theyarenowmoreeasilyinfluencedbystars.

C.Theyareregardedaspioneersinthelatestfashion.

D.Theyaremoreinterestedinclothesbecauseoftheiroldage.

61.Itcanbeconcludedthatoldwomentendtowearthelatestfashionstodaymainlybecause

A.theygettiredofthingsmorequickly

B.TVshowsteachthemhowtochangetheirlook

C.theyareinmuchbettershapenow

D.clothesaremuchcheaperthanbefore

62.Whichisthebestpossibletitleofthepassage?

A.AgeIsNoBarrierforFashionFans

B.TheMoreFashionable,theLessExpensive

C.UnexpectedChangesinFashion

D.BoomoftheBritishFashionIndustry

答案：59.A60.B61.D62.A

Passage8

（10?湖北C篇）

Thisbriefbookisaimedathighschoolstudents,butspeakstoanyonelearningatanystageof

life.

Itsformal,seriousstylecloselymatchesitscontent,aschool-masterlybookonschooling.The

author,W.H.Armstrong,startswiththebasics:readingandwriting.Inhisopinion,reading

doesn'tjustmeanrecognizingeachwordonthepage;itmeanstakingintheinformation,digesting

itandincorporatingitintooneselfjustasonedigestsasandwichandmakesitapartofhimself.The

goalistobringtheinformationbacktolife,notjusttotreatitasdeadfactsonpaperfromdead

trees.Readingandwritingcannotbecompletelyseparatedfromeachother;infact,theaimof

readingistoexpresstheinformationyouhavegotfromthetext.I'veseenitagainandagain：

some-onewhocan'texpressanideaafterreadingatextisjustasineffectiveassomeonewho

hasn'treaditatall.

Onlyathirdofthebookremainsafterthatdiscussion,whichArmstrongdevotestospecific

tipsforstudyinglanguages,math,scienceandhistory.Hegenerallyhandlesthesetopics

thoroughly（透徹地）andequally,exceptforsomeweaknessinthescienceandmathsectionsanda

bittoomuchpassion（激'情）regardinghistorytohisstudents,thatwasahundredtimesmore

thanmyhistoryteachersevergotacross.Tomydisappointmentzinthispartofthebookheignores

thearts.Asamatteroffact,theydemandalltheconcentrationandstudythatmathandscience

do,thoughthestudydiffersslightlyinkind.Althoughit'scommonlybelievedthattheartscanonly

benaturallyacquired.actuallyJearningtheartsisnomorenaturalthanlearningFrenchor

mathematics.

Myothercommentisthatthetextaged.Thefirsteditionapparentlydatestothe1960s——none

ofthereferences(參考文獻)seemnewerthanthelate1950s.Asaresult,thediscussionmisses

theentirecomputerage.

Thesearesmallpoints,though,anddon'taffectthemaindiscussion.Irecommendittoany

studentandanyteacher,includingtheself-taughtstudent.

63.AccordingtoArmstrong,thegoalofreadingisto.

A.gainknowledgeandexpandone'sview

B.understandthemeaningbetweenthelines

C.expertsideasbasedonwhatonehasread

D.getinformationandkeepitaliveinmemory

64.Theauthorofthepassageinsiststhatlearningthearts.

A.requiresgreatefforts

B.demandsrealpassion

C.islessnaturalthanlearningmaths

D.isasnaturalaslearningalanguage

65.WhatisashortcomingofArmstrong'sworkaccordingtotheauthor?

A.Someideasareslightlycontradictory.

B.Thereistoomuchdiscussiononstudyingscience.

C.Thestyleistooserious.

D.Itlacksnewinformation.

66.Thispassagecanbeclassifiedas.

A.anadvertisement

B.abookreview

C.afeaturestory

D.Anewsreport

答案：63.C64.A65.D66.B

Passage9

(10?江西C篇)

KongZi,alsocalledConfucius(551-479B.C),andSocrates(469-399B.C)livedonlyahundred

yearsapart,andduringtheirlifetimestherewasnocontactbetweenChinaandGreece,butitis

interestingtolookathowtheworldthateachofthesegreatphilosopherscamefromshapedtheir

ideas,andhowtheseideasinturn,shapedtheirsocieties.

Neitherphilosopherlivedintimesofpeace,thoughthereweremorewarsunGreecethaninChina.

TheChinesestateswereverylargeandfeudal,whiletheGreekcity-statesweresmallandurban.The

urbanenvironmentinwhichSocrateslivedallowedhimtobemoreradicalthanConfucius.Unlike

Confucius,Socrateswasnotaskedbyruleshowtogoverneffectively.Thus,Socrateswasabletobe

moreidealistic,focusingonissueslikefreedom,andknowledgeforitsownsake.Confucius,onthe

otherhand,advisedthoseingovernmentservice,andmanyofhisstudentswentouttogovernment

service.

ConfuciussuggestedtheGoldenRuleasaprinciplefortheconductoflife:"Donotdotoothers

whatyouwouldnotwantotherstodotoyou."Heassumedthatallmenwereequalatbirth,though

somebadmorepotentialthanothers,andthatitwasknowledgethatsetmenapart.Socratesfocused

ontheindividual,andthoughtthatthegreatestpuiposeofmanwastoseekwisdom.Hebelievedthat

thesuperiorclassshouldruletheinferior（下層的）classes.

ForSocrates,thefamilywasofnoimportance,andthecommunityoflittleconcern.ForConfucius,

however,thefamilywasthecentreofthesociety,withfamilyrelationsconsideredmuchmore

importantthanpoliticalrelations.

Bothmenarerespectedmuchmoretodaythantheywereintheirlifetimes.

64.WhichofthefollowingisTUREaccordingtothefirstparagmph?

A.SocratesandConfuciushadmuchincommon,

B.ConfuciushadmuchinfluenceonSocrates5ideas.

C.Thesocietieswareinfluencedbythephilosophers,ideas.

D.TherewereculturalexchangesbetweenChinaandGreece.

答案：c

考點：細節(jié)理解。

題目：從第一段中得出以下哪一個是正確的？

A:孔子和蘇格拉底有很多共同之處

B:孔子對于蘇格拉底的觀念起了很大影響

C:社會被哲學家的觀念所影響