2017年下半年CATTI英語三級筆譯實務(wù)試題

2017年下半年CATTI英語三級筆譯實務(wù)試題EC英譯漢/capital/story/20161028-native-english-speakers-are-the-worlds-worst-communicatorsItwasjustonewordinoneemail,butittriggeredhugefinanciallossesforamultinationalcompany.Themessage,writteninEnglish,wassentbyanativespeakertoacolleagueforwhomEnglishwasasecondlanguage.Unsureoftheword,therecipientfoundtwocontradictorymeaningsinhisdictionary.Heactedonthewrongone.Monthslater,seniormanagementinvestigatedwhytheprojecthadflopped,costinghundredsofthousandsofdollars.“Italltracedbacktothisoneword,”saysChiaSuanChong,a-UbaKsedcommunicationsskillsandinterculturaltrainer,whodidntrevealthetrickywordbecauseitishighlyindustry-specificandpossiblyidentifiable.“Thingsspiralledoutofcontrolbecausebothpartieswerethinkingtheopposite.”hensuchmisunderstandingshappen,itsusuallythenativespeakerswhoaretoblame.Ironically,theyareworseatdeliveringtheirmessagethanpeoplewhospeakEnglishasasecondorthirdlanguage,accordingtoChong.AlotofnativespeakersarehappythatEnglishhasbecometheworldsgloballanguage.Theyfeeltheydonthavetospendtimelearninganotherlanguage,”saysChong.Thenon-nativespeakers,itturnsout,speakmorepurposefullyandcarefully,typicalofsomeonespeakingasecondorthirdlanguage.Anglophones,ontheotherhand,oftentalktoofastforotherstofollow,andusejokes,slangandreferencesspecifictotheirownculture,saysChong.ThenativeEnglishspeakeristheonlyonewhomightnotfeeltheneedtoaccommodateoradapttotheothers,”sheadds.Withnon-nativeEnglishspeakersinthemajorityworldwide,itsAnglophoneswhomayneedtouptheirgame.“Nativespeakersareatadisadvantagewhenyouareinalinguafrancasituation,”whereEnglishisbeingusedasacommondenominator,saysJenniferJenkins,professorofglobalEnglishesatthesniversityofouthampton.tsthenativeEnglishspeakersthatarehavingdifficultyunderstandingandmakingthemselvesunderstood.”Non-nativespeakersgenerallyusemorelimitedvocabularyandsimplerexpressions,withoutflowerylanguageorslang.Andthentheresculturalstyle,Blattnersays.henaBritreactstoaproposalbysaying,hatsinterestingafellowBritmightrecognisethisasunderstatementfor,hatsrubbish.Butothernationalitieswouldtaketheword“interesting”onfacevalue,hesays.“EnglishspeakerswithnootherlanguageoftenhavealackofawarenessofhowtospeakEnglishinternationally.”InBerlin,CoultersawGermanstaffofaFortune500companybeingbriefedfromtheirCalifornianHQviavideolink.DespitebeingcompetentinEnglish,theGermansgleanedonlythegistofwhattheirAmericanprojectleadersaid.Soamongthemselvestheycameupwithanagreedversion,whichmightormightnothavebeenwhatwasintendedbytheCaliforniastaff.“Toomanynon-Anglophones,especiallytheAsiansandtheFrench,aretooconcernedaboutnotlosingfaceandnodapprovinglywhilenotgettingthemessageatall,”hesays.hatswhyerrieredevisedlobishadistilledformofEnglish,strippeddownto1,500wordsandsimplebutstandardgrammar.Itsnotalanguage,itsatool,hesays.Sincelaunchinglobishin00hessoldmorethan00,000lobishtetbooksin1languages.“Ifyoucancommunicateefficientlywithlimited,simplelanguageyousavetime,avoidmisinterpretationandyoudonthaveerrorsincommunication,”Nerrieresays.WhentryingtocommunicateinEnglishwithagroupofpeoplewithvaryinglevelsoffluency,itsimportanttobereceptiveandadaptable,tuningyourearsintoawholerangeofdifferentwaysofusingEnglish,Jenkinssays.eoplewhovelearnedotherlanguagesaregoodatdoingthat,butnativespeakersofEnglishgenerallyaremonolingualandnotverygoodattuningintolanguagevariation,”shesays.Inmeetings,Anglophonestendtospeedalongatwhattheyconsideranormalpace,andalsorushtofillgapsinconversation,accordingtoSteggles.Herecommendsmakingthesamepointinacoupleofdifferentwaysandaskingforsomeacknowledgement,reactionoraction.C-E漢譯英氣候變化已不是單純的環(huán)境保護(hù)問題，而成為人類生存與發(fā)展問題。中國需要改變以煤為主的能源結(jié)構(gòu)和高污染、高能耗的產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)，以治理環(huán)境和應(yīng)對全球氣候變化。同時，積極應(yīng)對氣候變化也是中國參與全球治理的責(zé)任，也是實現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的迫切需要。中國作為世界最大的發(fā)展中國家，需要積極推動經(jīng)濟(jì)與能源的轉(zhuǎn)型，以推動全球可持續(xù)發(fā)展。長期以來，中國高度重視氣候變化問題，把積極應(yīng)對氣候變