自考《英語(yǔ)二》2023出版講義第三章

本文格式為Word版，下載可任意編輯——自考《英語(yǔ)二》2023出版講義第三章Unit3FriendshipandLoyalty

AFamousQuoteBetrayingatrustisaveryquickandpainfulwaytoterminateafriendship.——RalphWaldoEmerson背信棄義會(huì)使人迅速而痛楚地?cái)嗨陀亚椤?/p>

——拉爾夫·沃爾多·艾默生

TextANewwords

reflectionn.yourwrittenorspokenthoughtsaboutaparticularsubjectortopic（關(guān)于某主題的）思考，回憶

loyaltyn.thequalityofbeingfaithfulinyoursupportofsomebody/something忠誠(chéng)；忠實(shí)；忠心耿耿recognizev.toadmitortobeawarethatsomethingexistsoristrue承認(rèn)；意識(shí)到

betrayv.tohurtsomebodywhotrustsyou,especiallybynotbeingloyalorfaithfultothem辜負(fù)；對(duì)??不忠

indeedadv.usedtoaddinformationtoastatement其實(shí)；實(shí)際上

virtuen.behaviororattitudethatshowhighmoralstandards高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行

trendn.ageneraldirectioninwhichasituationischangingordeveloping趨勢(shì)；趨向；動(dòng)態(tài)；動(dòng)向befriendv.tobecomeafriendofsomebody,especiallysomebodywhoneedsyourhelp做（尤指需要幫助者的）朋友；友善相待

requestv.toaskforsomethingorasksomebodytodosomethinginapoliceorformalway（禮貌或正式地）請(qǐng)求，要求

trendyadj.veryfashionable時(shí)尚的；趕時(shí)尚的

multituden.anextremelylargenumberofthingsorpeople眾多；大量mutualn.sharedbytwoormorepeople共有的；共同的

termn.awordorphraseusedasthenameofsomething,especiallyoneconnectedwithaparticulartypeoflanguage詞語(yǔ)；術(shù)語(yǔ)；措辭

siten.aplaceontheInternetwhereacompany,anorganization,auniversity,etc.putsinformation網(wǎng)站；站點(diǎn)

acronymn.awordformedfromthefirstlettersofthewordsthatmakeupthenameofsomething首字母縮略詞

perishv.tobelostordestroyed喪失；湮滅；破壞

thoughtn.somethingthatyouthinkoforremember想法；看法；主意；記憶gossipn.aconversationaboutotherpeopleandtheirprivatelives流言蜚語(yǔ)

challengev.totestsomebody'sabilityandskills,especiallyinaninterestingway考察??的能力；考驗(yàn)??的技巧

akinn.similarto相像的；類似的

depositn.asumofmoneythatispaidintoabankaccount存款

accountn.anarrangementthatsomebodyhaswithabank,etc.tokeepmoneythere,takesomeout,etc.賬戶

interestn.theextramoneythatyoupaybackwhenyouborrowmoneyorthatyoureceivewhenyouinvestmoney利息

well-beingn.generalhealthandhappiness健康；安樂(lè)；康樂(lè)

welfaren.thegeneralhealth,happinessandsafetyofaperson,ananimaloragroup（個(gè)人或群體的）

幸福，安全與健康

essencen.themostimportantqualityorfeatureofsomething,thatmakesitwhatitis本質(zhì)；實(shí)質(zhì)；精華

seekv.tolookforsomethingsomebody尋覓

notorietyn.fameforbeingbadinsomeway惡名；壞名聲

premisen.astatementoranideathatformsthebasisforareasonablelineofargument前提；假定exploitv.totreatapersonorsituationasanopportunitytogainanadvantageforyourself利用（??為自己謀利）

reconnectv.toconnectsomebodyagain再聯(lián)系；再聯(lián)絡(luò)

virtualadj.madetoappeartoexistbytheuseofcomputersoftware,forexampleontheinternet（通過(guò)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件，如在因特網(wǎng)上）模擬的，虛擬的assurev.totellsomebodythatsomethingisdefinitelytrueorisdefinitelygoingtohappen,especiallywhentheyhavedoubtsaboutit使確信；向??保證

cautionn.awarningorapieceofadviceaboutapossibledangerorrisk警告；告誡lyricn.thewordsofasong歌詞

undisputedadj.thatcannotbequestionedorprovedtobefalse;thatcannotbedisputed不容置疑的；毫無(wú)疑問(wèn)的；不可辯論的

generationn.allthepeoplewhowerebornataboutthesametime（統(tǒng)稱）一代人，同代人，同輩人PhrasesandExpressions

stickbytobeloyaltoapersonandsupportthem,especiallyinadifficultsituation堅(jiān)持忠于；不離不棄（某人）

throughthickandthininspiteofanydifficultiesorproblems不畏艱難瞼阻leadtotohavesomethingasaresult導(dǎo)致，造成（后果）

amultitudeofanextremelylargenumberof（thingsorpeople）眾多的；大量的

perishthethoughtusedtosaythatyoufindasuggestionunacceptableorthatyouhopethatsomethingwillneverhappen甭想了；但愿不會(huì)如此

engageintotakepartinsomething;tomakesomebodytakepartinsomething（使）從事，參與

inessenceusedwhentalkingaboutthemostbasicandimportantpartofsomethingrelatingtothemostimportantcharacteristicsorideasofsomething本質(zhì)上

assure?of?tomakesomebodycertainaboutsomething使放心；向??保證payattentiontototakeanynoticeof注意warn?of?totellsomebodyaboutsomething,especiallysomethingdangerousorunpleasantthatislikelytohappen,sothattheycanavoidit警告某人某事重點(diǎn)詞匯

loyaltyn.thequalityofbeingfaithfulinyoursupportofsomebody/something忠誠(chéng)；忠實(shí)；忠心耿耿eg:Weallhavealoyaltytothecompany.我們對(duì)公司都有效忠的義務(wù)。衍生

loyaladj.trueandfaithful忠誠(chéng)的；忠貞的用法：~tosb./sth.

eg:remainloyaltoone'sprinciples信守自己的原則

befriendv.tobecomeafriendofsomebody,especiallysomebodywhoneedsyourhelp做朋友；友善相待eg:Theybefriendedtheyounggirl,providingherwithfoodandshelter.他們熱心地照料這個(gè)年輕的姑娘，給她吃的﹑給她住處。構(gòu)詞be-改變?cè)~性的前綴

加在名詞或形容詞前，構(gòu)成及物動(dòng)詞

friendn.朋友→befriendv.友好對(duì)待calmn.鎮(zhèn)靜→becalmv.使鎮(zhèn)靜headn.頭→beheadv.砍頭

littleadj.小的→belittlev.輕視；貶低

notorietyn.fameforbeingbadinsomeway惡名；壞名聲

eg:Hiscrimesearnedhimconsiderablenotoriety.他因犯罪而聲名狼藉。衍生

notoriousadj.（derog.貶）well-knownforsomebadquality,deed,etc.臭名昭著的；聲名狼藉的用法：~for/assth.

eg:anotoriouscriminal/area天怒人怨的罪犯/地區(qū)

She'snotoriousforherwildbehaviour.她因行為野蠻而知名。相近詞

famen.beingknownortalkedaboutbymanypeople名聲；名氣

eg:Theyoungmusicianrosequicklytofame.那個(gè)年輕的音樂(lè)家很快就出了名。famousadj.knowntoverymanypeople;celebrated有名的；著名的eg:NewYorkisfamousforitsskyscrapers.紐約以其摩天大樓著名。well-knownadj.knownbyalotofpeople著名的

eg:Parisiswell-knownforitsrichculture.巴黎以其豐富的文化而著名。exploitv.totreatapersonorsituationasanopportunitytogainanadvantageforyourself利用（??為自己謀利）

eg:Theyexploitedhergenerosityshamelessly.他們無(wú)恥地利用了她的大方。其他詞義

use,workordevelopfully（esp.minesandothernaturalresources）利用或開(kāi)發(fā)（尤指礦藏和其他自然資源）

eg:exploitoilreserves,waterpower,solarenergy,etc.開(kāi)發(fā)石油資源、開(kāi)發(fā)水利資源、利用太陽(yáng)能等衍生

exploitableadj.thatcanbeexploited可利用的；可開(kāi)發(fā)的eg:fewexploitablecoal-mines少量可開(kāi)采的煤礦

exploitationn.exploitingorbeingexploited利用；開(kāi)發(fā)eg:fullexploitationofoilwells充分利用油井資源

generationn.allthepeoplewhowerebornataboutthesametime（統(tǒng)稱）一代人，同代人，同輩人eg:experiencehandeddownfromgenerationtogeneration世代相傳的經(jīng)驗(yàn)其他詞義產(chǎn)生；發(fā)生

eg:thegenerationofelectricitybysteamorwater-power蒸汽或水力發(fā)電衍生

generatev.cause（sth.）toexistoroccur;produce使（某物）存在或發(fā)生；產(chǎn)生eg:generateheat,electricity,power,etc.產(chǎn)生熱﹑電﹑動(dòng)力等hatredgeneratedbyracialprejudice種族偏見(jiàn)引起的仇恨TextA

Reflections:FriendshipandLoyaltyP1

Howmanyofusrecognizetrueloyaltyinafriend?Loyaltyconsistsofafriend,whowillstickbyyou,throughthickandthin.Afriendwhoisalwayshonestwithyouandneverbetraysthefriendshipwithlies

isaloyalfriend.Ifyouhavealoyalfriend,youhaveindeedfoundatruevirtueinthatfriend.P2

ThecurrenttrendontheInternetisbefriendinganyonewhorequeststobeyourfriend.However,thisnewtrendmayleadtodisasters.Itmaybepopularandtrendytohaveanetworkfilledwithamultitudeofmutualfriends.However,onetrueloyalfriendmaybetheonlyfriendyouneed.P3AtermusedonthepopularFacebooksiteisB.F.F.Thisacronymmeansbestfriendsforever.Aretheyreallyyourbestfriendsforever?Youmightaskyourselfthisquestion,\othersonthepagesofFacebook,orperishthethought,engageingossipaboutmewithothers?\Iftheanswertothatis,\foraday.P4

IchoosetohaveaB.L.F.,abestloyalfriend,forthoseofyouwhomaybechallengedbytheuseofacronymsduringthisageoftechnologyandfast-talking.P5

Loyaltyfoundinafriendisakintomakingadepositinabankaccount.Moreoftenthannot,yourdepositsgaininterest,aninterestinyourwell-beingandwelfare.Aloyalfriendattractsanotherloyalfriend.Inessence,waterdoesseekitsownlevel.P6

IfyouwereaB.L.F.waybeforeFacebookgainednotoriety,thenI'msureyouunderstandthepremiseofloyaltyinafriend.YoushouldneverexploityourB.L.F.togainmorefriendsormakeyourselfseemmoreimportanttoothers.Thesearenotthetraitsofabestloyalfriend.P7

Abestloyalfrienddoesnotcarewhoisinvitedtoyourparty.Theywillattendyourpartyandcelebrateyou,justinthewayabestloyalfriendshoulddo.P8

ReconnectingwithabestloyalfriendiseasiertodoonthepagesofFacebook.However,avirtualfrienddoesnotassureyouofhisloyalty.Mycautiontoyouisthatyou'dbetterpayattentiontothesmilingfacesontheFacebookpages.Intheeightieswewerewarnedofsmilingfacesinasong,whichcontainedtheselyrics,\Asmileisjustafrownturnedupsidedown,myfriend.\Now,thatistheundisputedtruthformygeneration.鏈接：關(guān)于友情的英語(yǔ)句子和詩(shī)歌

Topreserveafriendthreethingsarerequired:tohonorhimpresent,praisehimabsent,andassisthiminhisnecessities.

維持友情需要三點(diǎn)：當(dāng)面尊重他，背后贊揚(yáng)他，需要時(shí)幫助他。FriendshipIsLiketheBreezebyTerriFanning

Friendshipislikethebreeze，Youcan'tholdit，Smellit，Tasteit，

Orknowwhenit'scoming，Butyou