初中英語語法重難點(diǎn)歸納與單選題測評(píng)

PAGE1頁NUMPAGES19(一)詞法不行數(shù)名詞前一般不能用冠詞a、an來表示數(shù)量，沒有復(fù)數(shù)形式。要表示“一個(gè)”這一概念，就須加apieceof這一類短語。要留意很多名詞在漢grass，news等。B.s,x,chsh,結(jié)尾的加-C.yyiDf，feffe，vs，s，s。如：theworkersbike，theChildrensball表示幾個(gè)人共有一樣?xùn)|西，只需在最終一個(gè)人的名字后加s各自全部，則需在各個(gè)名字后s。如：ThisisLucyandLicysroom.TheseareKatesandjacksrooms.s如：thestudentsbooks，thegirlsblousesImemymine復(fù)數(shù)weusourours單數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourself復(fù)數(shù)youyouyouryoursyourselves單數(shù)hehimhishishimselfsheherherhersherselfitititsits復(fù)數(shù)theythemtheirtheirsthemselves(3)加上self或selves，第三人稱反身代詞在賓格代詞后加上self或selves.如：Ienjoyedmyselfattheparty.另一種是作名詞或代詞的同位語;用來加強(qiáng)語氣。如：Icandoitmyself.(4)(1)為了避開重復(fù)，可用that，those代替前面提到過的名詞，但是this，these不行以。(2)this，thatanonly在專出名詞(包括人名、地名、節(jié)日、月份、季節(jié))、物質(zhì)名詞和抽象名詞前般不用冠詞。但在以Festival組成的民間節(jié)日前要加the。(sit)attablesitatthetablegotoschool;gototheschoolinhospital;inthehospital在那個(gè)醫(yī)院里and1，000thousand，million，billion大于1小時(shí)，分母序數(shù)詞要變成復(fù)數(shù)。形容詞作定語一般要放在名詞前面，但當(dāng)形容詞修飾不定代詞somethingnothing，anything時(shí)要放在所修飾的不定代詞之后。如：somethingimportant，nothingserious。Wehavedugaholetwometersdeep.Theholeisabouttwometresdeep.(e)re)stmore，mostpopularmorepopularmostpopularimportantmoreimportantmostimportant單音節(jié)副詞和個(gè)別雙音節(jié)副詞通過加-er，-est絕大多數(shù)副詞借助more，most來構(gòu)成比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)。原級(jí)比較級(jí)最高級(jí) farthestfurthest thein,at,on,before，after，till，since，for,fromto,until，by，inthemiddleof，atthebeginningof，attheendof，athalfpastfive，atnight，inaweek，inthemorning，inclass，atsunrise，inawinterevening，foralongtime，fortwomonths，afterschool，sinceliberation，beforelunch，atthetimeof，attheageofoutside,inside,up,from,far,from,near,across，off，down，among，past，between，outof，around，inthefrontof，inthemiddleof，atthebackof，atthefootof，athome，atthegate，atthetable，inthesky，ontheground，inatree，inthesouth，inthesun，inthebed，ononeswayhome，bythesideof二.八種基本時(shí)態(tài)常和always,often,usually,sometimes,everyday等表時(shí)間的如：1Igotoschooleveryday2Heisalwayslikethat.他總是那樣。(表狀態(tài))構(gòu)成：1)主語+be(amareis2)主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞/三單動(dòng)詞+1常和表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用.如:yesterday,lastweek,in11018,twodaysago等.Iwenttoamovieyesterday.我昨天去看了一場電影.2Healwayswenttoworkbybikelast1)主語+be(waswere2)主語+實(shí)義動(dòng)詞過去式+概念:表示現(xiàn)在(說話瞬間)正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作.如:Heissinging.TheyarewatchingTV構(gòu)成:主語+助動(dòng)詞be(am/are/is)+動(dòng)詞-ing概念:表示過去某一時(shí)刻或某一段時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作.這一特定的過1WhatwereyouIwas2)WhatwastheboydoingwhentheUFOHewas構(gòu)成:主語+助動(dòng)詞be(was/were)+動(dòng)詞-ing概念:表示將來某個(gè)時(shí)間要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài),也表示將來常?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作,常與表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用,如:tomorrow,nextweek,nextyear,inthefuture等.HewillgoshoppingTheyaregoingtoplaybasketballnext1)主語+助動(dòng)詞will+動(dòng)原+2)主語+begoingto+動(dòng)原+.概念:表示在過去將來的某一時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài).構(gòu)成:1)主語(第一人稱)+助動(dòng)詞should+動(dòng)原+主語+would+動(dòng)原+.主語+was/weregoingto用法:過去將來時(shí)除了上下文示意外,一般常用在間接引語中,主句謂語1IshouldYouknewIwouldTheyweregoingto構(gòu)成:主語+助動(dòng)詞(havehas)+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+用法例句表示過去發(fā)生或已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響或結(jié)果.Haveyouhadyourlunchyet?Yes,Ihave.構(gòu)成:主語+助動(dòng)詞had+動(dòng)詞過去分詞+PAGE10頁NUMPAGES19用法例句by,before等構(gòu)成的短語,也可用when,before,等引導(dǎo)的從句或者通過上下文表示.Ihadfinishedmyhomeworkwhenmymomcameback三.三大基本從句從句的共同特點(diǎn)：1.從句都有自己的連接詞2.從句都是陳述語序(陳述語序就是主語在前，謂語在后，如：Heisateacher主語He在謂語isIsheateacher?主語He在謂語is賓語從句是指在一個(gè)句子中充當(dāng)賓語的句子，如：Hesaidthathewantedtobeateacherwhenhegrewup.賓語從句的連接詞：賓語從句的連接詞包括that、if/whether(賓語從句的連接詞后加陳述語序(主語在前，謂語在后),如：IwanttoknowifhecancometomorrowSheaskedmewhohadhelped八種時(shí)態(tài)中任選一種，如：1.HetellsmehelikesEnglishverymuch(一般現(xiàn)如：Hetoldmethathelikedplayingfootball(如：1.Hesaysthemoongoesaroundtheearth.(1)時(shí)間狀語的連接詞：when(while(as(after(在以后)before(在以前)assoonas(一就)since(自從到現(xiàn)在)till/until(直到bythetime(舉例：when當(dāng)?shù)臅r(shí)候(一般狀況下主句是將來時(shí)的時(shí)候，從句要用一Mozartstartedwritingmusicwhenhewasfouryearsold.because,since,as引導(dǎo),也可由for,nowthat等詞

舉例：IdidntgotoschoolyesterdaybecauseIwasill.連接詞：ifunless(=ifnot)除非。(讓步)舉例：Ifitdoesntraintomorrowwewillgohiking.sothatsothatinorderthat引導(dǎo)。結(jié)果狀語從句連接詞sothatsuchthat,somuch/manythat舉例：sothat如此以至于Thescientistsreportwassoinstructivethatwewereall(5)連接詞：though,although.，whetherornot舉例：Althoughheisrichyetheisnotnomatter結(jié)構(gòu)：nomatter如：Nomatterwhathappenedhewouldnot留意：nomatter3.定語從句如：Iwillgivemyteacherabunchofbeautifulflower.(中beautiful就是定語)后如：IhavemetthedoctorwhoisintheNo.1101WhereUncleSunA.wasB.wereC.didD.TheygoingtoseeMr.SunA.isB.areC.amD.Someareintheriverandsomeareswiming,playingB.swimming,C.swimming,playingD.swimming,WhereisDick?Hetothereading-A.hasbeenB.wentC.hasgoneD.MarkTwain,anAmericanwriter,everybodyA.knowsB.isknownasC.isknowntoD.isknownIhopehewillcometoseemebeforeheA.leaveB.leavesC.willleaveD.MyteachertoldmethatAustraliansspokeB.C.speaksD.areIthinksherightA.readingB.readsC.isreadingD. Wherearethe TheyagoodtimeintheA.arehavingB.haveC.havehadD. Wheremyglasses?Icantfind Ithemonthebookshelf,buttheyarentA.youput,putB.youhaveput,haveC.haveyouput,putD.didyouput,haveWhenthepolicearrived,themanfor10A.diedB.wasdeathC.haddiedD.hadbeenBythetimethistalkisover,wealotabouttheA.willbelearningB.areC.worldlearnD.willhaveTheteacherstoldmethattheymetosmoothawaytheA.helpedB.willhelpC.helpD.weregoingto Haveyouseenhim Yes,IhimthisA.hasseenB.seeC.willseeD.HeworriedwhenheheardthisA.isB.wasC.doesD.WhatsyourfriendgoingnextA.doingB.doC.doesD.toIdontthinkthatitstrue.HesalwaysstrangeA.tellB.tellingC.toldD.HaveyoueverWestHillA.gonetoB.arrivedC.cometoD.beenHowlonghethehas,borrowedB.has,C.has,lentD.is,HetodothislessonsateighteveryA.isbeginningB.isbeginningC.beginD.ThechildrenaswimthisaregoingtohasB.isgoingtoC.arehavingD.aregoingtoThereatelephonecallformybrotherStevenA.isB.areC.wasD.heonwellwithhisfriendsthisDoes,getsB.Does,C.Is,gettingD.Is,Whoawaymypen?IcantfindA.haventakenB.takesC.hastakenD.ShallwefootballthisA.playB.playingC.playsD.toThechildrenatschoolA.isB.areC.wasD.Mr.Smithshortstories,butheaTVplaytheseiswriting,iswritingB.iswriting,C.writes,iswritingD.writes,HesaidhetheleaguefortwoA.hasjoinedB.hasbeeninC.hadbeeninD.Shelikeswateringtreesinthegarden,A.doesntB.dontC.isntD.WhatyoutodotokeeptheroomA.do,haveB.does,haveC.did,haveD.are,

SomeflowersbyKateA.havebeenwateredB.wateredC.havewateredD.hasWhenwintercomes,theleavesA.aregoingtoB.willC.willbeD.Itothecinema.IthereeveryA.go,goB.amgoing,goC.go,amgoingD.amgoing,Youaboutthefuturenow,A.dontthink,dontB.arentthinking,arentC.dontthink,doarentthinking,HewasafraidthathehisA.wouldlostB.wouldloseC.isgoingtoD.shallWeeachothersinceheleftA.didntseeB.hadntseenC.haventseenD.hadMr.SmithoutforawalkintheparkeveryA.isgoingB.goesC.wentD.HefromhomeforalonghasgoneawayB.hadgoneC.hasleftD.hasbeenYoumustntgotoohigh,oryouA.willbeB.areC.wouldbeD.isgoingWehaveknowneachothersincewewereyoung