2021-2022年山東省濟南市大學英語6級大學英語六級測試卷(含答案)

2021-2022年山東省濟南市大學英語6級大學英語六級測試卷(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Velcroisprobablythemostfamousandcertainlythemostsuccessfulexampleofbiologicalmimicry,or"biomimetics".

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2.Mr.Youngusuallyholdsa______withtheworkerwhoisasubstanceabusertodiscusshowtosolvetheproblem.

3.

MarkTwainactuallymeans______.

4.

DuringtheCivilWarMarkTwainbecameariverpilot.

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5.

Themassiveinvestmentputintotheconstructinghugedraggersresultedin______.

A.moreeconomicdisasterareasinNewfoundland

B.therecoveryofthemarineecosystem

C.theimprovementoffishingpractices

D.thedevastatingfishing

6.Washington,D.C.

WhenyouhearpeopletalkaboutWashington,D.C.,youmaywanttoknowWhatthelettersD.C.mean.Theymean"DistrictofColumbia".Washington,thecapitalcityoftheU.S.A.,isintheDistrictofColumbia,notasyoumightexpect,intheStateofWashington.WashingtonStateisthousandsofmilesawayonthenorthwestcoast.(TherearealsoseveralothertownscalledWashingtonintheUnitedStates.)

Washington,D.C.liesbetweenVirginiaandMarylandonthePotomacRiver.It'sabout220milessouthofNewYorkCity.Thepleasantestandeasiestwaytogetthereisbylong-distancebus,orbythefast(125-miles-an-hour)trainwhichcostsalittlemorethanthebusjourneyandalittlelessthanflying.Iwouldtravelfarmorethan200milestoseeWashington.It'snotacitythathasgrownupaccidentallyasmostbigcitieshavedone.Itwascarefullyplannedasthenation'scapitalbyFrenchman,PierreL'Enfant.ThecitywasnamedafterGeorgeWashington,themuch-loved,much-admired,much-respectedfirstPresidentoftheUnitedStates.In1791hehimselfarrangedtobuythelandonwhichitstands.

Nowlet'stakeourfirstlookatthecapital.ForafewmomentsyoumayfeelyouaredreamingandthatyouhavesteppedbackthroughthecenturiesintoancientGreece.Manyofthebeautiful,shiningbuildingsarebuiltinthenoblestyle.oftheancientGreektemples,andstandinwideavenuesamidtreesandfountains.Mostofthemaremuseumsorgovernmentoffices.GovernmentisthechiefbusinessofWashington,andthechiefgovernmentbuildingiscalledtheCapitol.Withitshighdome,itlooksalittlelikeSt.Paul'sinLondonorSt.Peter'sinRome.Itstandsonahilloverlookingthecity,whichisdividedbyRockCreekPark.AlongwideavenuecalledtheMallleadstotheCapitol.Attheotherendofthisavenueatall,white,needle-likebuildingpointstothesky.Thisis,ofcourse,thehighest"needle"intheworld!—theWashingtonMonument.

OnbothsidesoftheMallaremuseumsandgovernmentbuildings.Whatasurprisethiscityis!WashingtonandNewYorkseemtobeintwodifferentworlds.Heretherearenohugeofficeskyscrapersandsoit'snotnecessarytoleanbackwardstolookupallthetime.ThenthereistheWashingtonCathedralwhichlooksverymuchlikeacathedralinanoldEuropeancity.Ofcourse,asinanyotherbigcity,partsofWashingtonarenotsopleasant.Therearenarrowdirtylittlestreetsanduglyhouses.Buttherearemanysplendidthingstoseeand,becauseWashingtoncoverssuchawidearea,theeasiestwaytoseethemistotakeaspecialsight-seeingbusora"mini-bus"or"tourmobile".Butdon'texpecttheguidesonthebusestogiveyouaveryserioustalk.

Ononetour,Iremember,theguidetoldus,"That'stheWashingtonMonument,folks(peoplehereareoftenaddressedas'folks').It'sthehighest'needle'ofitskindintheworld."Andthenheadded,"Atleast,Idon'tknowahigherone!"

ThisisthecitywhereAmericaremembersherfamousPresidents.Theguidewilltakeyoutoseethememorialstothem.TheJeffersonMemorialisaverybeautifulwhitebuildingintheshapeofacircle.Itsroofissupportedbytallcolumns.InsidestandsastatueofPresidentJefferson.TheLincolnMemorialisahugewhitebuilding.InsideyoucanseeafamousstatueofAbrahamLincoln,sittinginagreatchair.Thetheatrewherehewasmurderedwhilewatchingaplayisnowamuseum,theLincolnMuseum.ThenthereistheMemorialtoPresidentKennedyatArlington.Hereaflamewhichwaslitonthedayofhisfuneralburnsandisneverputout.LikeLincoln,Kennedywasshot.Another,newer,memorialtohimistheJohn.F.KennedyCenterforthePerformingArts,overlookingthePotomacRiver.ItisahugeplaceandcontainstheEisenhowerTheatre,anoperahouseandtheconcerthallwhichist

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7.

Asvascularplants,treesareorganizedintothreemajororgans:theroots,thestems,andtheleaves.

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8.

Yougetapatentdoesn'tmeanyoucanusetheproductbecauseyoumaybepreventedby______.

9.AccordingtoEdOverton,theeffectsofoilonthesurfaceoftheocean______.

A.willbeveryobvious

B.areacompletemystery

C.arenotmeasurable

D.remainmodestatpresent

10.

Duetosoilerosion,peoplelivingintheforestregionshavetomigrateannuallyinorderto______.

11.

Thepushforexcellenceispowerfulallthewaythroughtohighereducation.

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12.

DuringtheCaliforniaGoldRush,restaurantandlaundrywereregardedas______.

A.unprofitablework

B.comfortablework

C.woman'swork

D.Chinesework

13.

Whatultimatelyholdspeoplebackfromattainingtheiridealsis______.

14.

Dr.Horvitzrecentlydemonstratedavoicebasedsystemthatcouldshow______topatients.

15.

Sherman'sMarchtotheseawasledbyGeneralWilliamShermanoftheUnion.

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16.DrugUseandAddiction

DrugUseandAbuse

Althoughdrugabusecanhaveharmfulresults,peoplecanuseitformorethanoneofthereasons,andmayalsouseseveraldrugsfordifferentreasons.Distinguishingthe"how?"and"why?"ofaperson'sdruguseisrarelyaneasytask,butmostpeopleuseadrugbecausetheyenjoytheeffects.Thismayseemlikeasimplisticorinsensitivestatement,butit'safactthat'seasilyforgottenbythepeoplearoundthedruguser,whoareconcernedandtryingtounderstandwhythey'reusingdrugs.

Worriedparentsoftenaskforwarningsingsofdruguse,butthesimpleansweristhatit'sveryhardtospot.Manyuserswhohavecontactwithmentalhealthservicesmanagetoconcealtheirusefromtheprofessionals,soit'sobviouslydifficulttoidentify.

Parentsusuallyknowtheirchildrenbetterthananyoneelse,andmaintaininganopenatmosphereinwhichcommunicationiskeptupisoftenthebestwaytofindoutwhat'sgoingon.Thisisnotalwayseasywithteenagers,astheymightviewthemethodsparentsusetofindoutiftheirchildrenareusingdrugsasintrusiveandcontrolling.Andangryconfrontationswithteenagersmightpushthemfurtherintoacycleofannoyanceandrefusaltocommunicate.

Theuseofchemicalstoalterthewaywefeelandseethingsinoneoftheoldestactivitiesofthehumanrace.Butaperson'suseofadrugsuchastobacco,alcohol,cannabisorheroincanbecomeuncontrolled,orstarttocontrolthem.Evenwhentheuseofthesedrugsleadstoseriousphysicalandmentalproblems,thepersonmaystillnotwanttostopusingthem.But,iftheydodecidetogiveup,theymayfindit%harderthantheythought.

WhatAretheSymptoms?

Therearealotofconfusingdifferentwordsusedtodescribedruguseandaddictionproblems.Noteveryexpertwillagreewiththedefinitionshere,butbeingconsistentwiththetermsusedhelpstoreducetheconfusionandanxietyeveryonefeelswhenfacedwiththisproblem.

Eachdrughasdifferentpatternsof:

?use;

?poison;

?overdose;

?hangover(殘留).

Foreachdifferentdrug,the"substanceabuse"cancoverdifferentlevelsofuse,including:

?experimentingwithuse;

?usinglargeamountswithoutappearingpoisoned;

?usinglargeamountstogetpoisoned.

PsychologicalAddiction

Themedia'spictureofapersongivingupdrugsusuallyfocusesontheimmediateeffectsofwithdrawingfromheroin.It'simportanttorememberthatthere'softenmoretoanaddictionthanthephysicalwithdrawalsymptoms.Infact,forsomedrugssuchascannabisorheroin,there'sadebateaboutwhetherthereareactuallyanyphysicalsymptomsofwithdrawal.

Peoplewhouseheroinregularlyoveralongperiodmayfindthattherearecertainsituationswheretheycometorelyonthedrug.Iftheystopusingthedrug,theymayfeelverydisabled.Thisisasituationthatcandevelopforalmostanysubstancethateffectsthemind,andthisaspectofaddictioncanbehardertoovercomethanthephysicalsymptoms.

Mentalsymptomscaninclude:

?anxiety;

?depression;

?sleepandrest;

?controllingmood;

?relearningdifferentcopingskills.

Thepatternofthesesymptomswilldependonthedrugused,thepsychologicalmake-upofthepersonandthecircumstancesunderwhichtheyareattemptingtoremaindrug-free.

Thetermcravingisoftenusedwhentalkingaboutpsychologicaladdiction.

Ifapersonisexperiencinganyofthesymptomslistedaboveandtheyknowthatbyusingthedrugalltheseproblemwillgoaway,it'snots

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17.

Bothbloodpressureandtheeffectsofstresswillbedecreasedbytheincreaseof______.

18.

DictatingfiscalpoliciesisthejobofbothcongressandtheFederalReserveSystem.

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19.

Maniaofteninvolvesthinking,______,andsocialbehavior.inwaysthatcauseseriousproblemsandembarrassment.

20.DirtyMoneyforLaundries

Sellingillegaldrugsisbigbusinessandlaunderingtheproceedsanartform.Onekilogram,or2.2pounds,ofrawcocaleavesisworth$1,400inLatinAmerica.Bythetimeitisturnedintorefinedcocaine,itsvaluehasgrownto$100,000.Makingthemoneyappeartohavecomefromalegitimatesourcethatcancreateapapertrailspanningdozensofcountries,andaweboffinancialtransactionsthatmaybeimpossibletounravel.

TheUnitedNationshasestimatedthatbetween$120billionand$500billionislaunderedeachyearintheindustrialworldbiggerthanthevolumeoftheoiltrade.

Illegallyobtainedmoneyisdifficulttoopenlyspendandinvest:Drugcashoftenconsistsoflargevolumesofmixeddenominationnotes;thephysicalvolumeofnotescanbefarlargerthanthevolumeofthedrugsthemselves.Performinglargetransactionswithoutarousingsuspicionisthelaunderer'sprincipalhurdle.

Differentcountrieshavedifferentdisclosurerequirements,andthelaundererseekstoexploitthatbymovingmoneybetweenjurisdictionsandcoveringuptheaudittrail.TerryBurkeoftheNationalDrugsIntelligenceUnitinBritainsaid:"Thebigcasesaresointernationalinscale,anditcanbeverydifficulttolifttheveilofsecrecy."

Investigatorshaveidentifiedthreemainstagesinthelaunderingprocess.

Inthefirststage,themoneycanbedepositedinalegitimatepremiumlifeinsurancepolicy.Orthecashcanbeusedtobuy'art,jewelry,antiquesorgamblingchips.

Thesecondstageiscalled"layering".Thelaundererwantstoseparatehisillicitproceedsfromtheirsourcesoheentersintoalargenumberoffinancialtransactionsdesignedtodisguisethetrailandprovideanonymity.

Finally,thereis"integration".Ifthelayeringhasbeensuccessful,thelaundererwillbringthemoneybackintotheeconomyinsuchawaythatitappearstobenormalbusinessfunds.So,anartobjectwillbesold,alifeinsurancepolicyredeemed,andsoon.

TheBCCIscandalisaclassicinstanceofdrug-relatedfinancialabuse.Withtotalassetsin1988of$20billionand417branchesin73countries,BCCIwasconsideredtheseventh-biggestprivatebankintheworld.Initscase,prosecutorsallegedthatoneschemeitoperatedwastocollectcashinvariousAmericancities,whichwasdeposited.ThemoneywasthentransferredbywiretoBCCIaccountsabroadandusedtobuycertificatesofdepositthatactedascollateralforBCCI"loans"tothedrugtraffickers,supplyingthemwith"clean"money.

AnothermoneylaunderinginvestigationintheUnitedStatesandBritain,code-namedOperationCougar,hassofaridentified$318millionof"dirty"money.ThelaunderingoperationspannedtheIsleofMan,theBritishVirginIslandsandtheU.S.mainland,andinvolvedsevendrugdealingorganizations.Atthecenterofeachorganizationwasalawyerwhocoordinatedthemovementofmoneybetweenoffshorebankaccounts,shelfcompaniesandnomineedirectors.

Onetrickwastousetheorganizations'offshorecompaniestomortgageproperty.Onthefaceofit,thepapertrailwaslegitimated--themortgagewasbonafide,andinterestpaymentsweremet.Butasthefinanciallayerswerepeeledback,theillicitoriginofthemoneybecameapparent.Sofar,OperationCougarhasresultedintheimprisonmentof40people.

Onemethodthathascometotheattentionoftheauthoritiesmorerecentlyisthelaunderers'useofHawalabanksfamily-runbusinessesofferingmoneytransmissionservices,Interpolbecamesufficientlyworriedtomountatwo-dayconferenceonthesubjectearlierthisyear.HawalaoriginatesinAsiaandisbasicallyasystemoflettersofcredit,providingalegitimatechannelforthemovementofmoneyfromoneareatoa

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二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：W:Tony,Ijustmovedintomynewapartment,andIneedtohavethephoneshookedup.IhavenoideawhatIamdoing.Ihavetomakeallthesedecisionsaboutlocal,locallong-distance,andlong-distancecarriers.

M:Iknow.It'sreallycomplicated.InAmerica,wehavesomewherebetweenfiveandtenthousandlong-distancetelephonecompanies.Competitionisnice,butsometimesIthinkwehavetoomuchchoice!Itwaseasierbeforederegulationintheearlyeighties.Thetelecommunicationsindustryhasbecomefartooconfusing,butatleastpriceshavereallygonedowninthelasttwentyyears.

W:WhydoIneedtochoosemorethanonecompany?

M:Wedividetelephoneserviceintothreecategories:local,locallong-distance,andlong-distance.Yourlong-distancecompanyallowsyoutocallforeigncountries,otherAmericanstates,andothercitiesinyourstate.Yourlocallong-distancecompanyallowsyoutocallsuburbsorregionsjustoutsideyourcity.And,ofcourse,yourlocalcompanyallowsyoutoplacecallswithinyourowncity.

W:Buttheyonlyaskedmetochoosealocallong-distancecompanyandalong-distancecompany.Don'tIgettochoosemylocalservice?

M:InSouthernCalifornia,wereallydon'thavemuchchoiceyetwhenitcomestolocalservice.It'sstillbasicallyamonopoly.

W:Isitreallyexpensivetomakelocaltelephonecallsthen?Howmuchdoesitcostperminute?

M:Actually,formostpeople,localcallsdonothaveaperminutecharge.Youpayyourlocaltelephonecompanyamonthlyservicefeeofaroundtentofifteendollarsforyourlocalservice,butthenwedon'thavetopayperminute.

(23)

A.Lowerprices.

B.Morechoices.

C.Morecompetition.

D.Morecompanies.

22.

【B3】

23.

【B4】

24.(32)

A.Protectingroadsalongtheshore.

B.Buildingonbeacheswithseawalls.

C.Addingsandtobeacheswithseawalls.

D.Stoppingbuildingseawalls.

25.聽力原文：W:DoyouthinkweshouldurgeAdamtostudyasecondforeignlanguage,GermanorFrench,maybe?

M:Whynotleavethatdecisionuptohimsincehe'salreadyeighteen?It'shehimselfwhoshouldberesponsibleforhisownfuture.

Q:Whatdoesthemanmean?

(16)

A.Adamshouldmakethedecisionforhimself.

B.AdamplanstospendholidayinGermanyandFrance.

C.TheyshouldberesponsibleforAdam'sfuture.

D.TheyshouldurgeAdamtostudyGermanorFrench.

26.(36)

A.SomethingintheBermudaTriangleisstrange.

B.WheretheBermudaTriangleis.

C.Onverylittleaboutthis.

D.Shipswerenotlost.

27.(22)

A.Thefamousbrands,B.Thecereals.C.Books.D.Meat.

28.(16)

A.Sheordereditthroughthemail.

B.Itwasapresentfromherparents.

C.Amalestudentgaveittoherasabirthdaypresent.

D.Shegotitwhilevisitingherparents.

29.

【B9】

30.(15)

A.Shewantstoliveinthesuburbs.

B.Sheisoffendedbyhernaughtychildren.

C.Shedisagreeswithfather.

D.Sheturnsadeafeartoherhusband'swords.

31.

【B6】

32.聽力原文：W:Hi,Jack.

M:Hi,Jean.Iwasjustlookingforyou.

W:What'sup?

M:WhichsemestershouldIapplyfortheschools?

W:Usually,Americanschoolsstartinthefall,abouttheendofAugust.Youcanapplyforthespringsemesteraswell,butyourchanceofgettingfinancialaidsislower.

M:Forthefallsemester,whenshouldIsendtheapplicationmaterials?

W:AlltheapplicationmaterialsshouldarriveattheschoolsbeforetheendofFebruarytomakesureyougetfullattention.You'dbetterstartearlysinceittakes10daysforletterstogetthere.

M:IgottheformsfortakingTOEFLandGRE.WhendoyouthinkIshouldtakethem?

W:Ittakesamonthforthescoretogettoschools,soyou'dbettertakethembeforetheendofthisyearifyouapplyforthefallofnextyear.

M:I'mgoingtoapplyfortenschools.Itwillcostmeafortunetosendthescorestoeveryschool.

W:Tellmeaboutit!Plustheapplicationfees,$20to$50foreachschool.Goodluck!

M:Ihavemyfingerscrossed.

W:Right.Hopeforthebest.Preparefortheworst.

(23)

A.Youwillhavelesspossibilitytogetenrolledin.

B.Youwillgetmorefinancialaid.

C.Youwillgetlessfinancialaid.

D.Youwillhavemorepossibilitytogetenrolledin.

33.(21)

A.Requireworkingparttimeandspongingoffrelatives.

B.Providetheround-triptransportationfeetostudents.

C.Offerstipendforvacationexpensesandmiscellaneouscosts.

D.Covertuition,roomandboardforanacademicyear.

34.聽力原文：W:Well,theexaminationisovernow,andwecangotothepicnic.

M:Goingtothepicnicistootiring.Whynotcometomyhometohaveaparty?

Q:Wherewillthemanoffertogo?

(13)

A.Tohishome.

B.Toherhome.

C.Togotothepicnic.

D.Togoshopping.

35.聽力原文：M:Mm,it'snotabadsizableroom,isit?

W:Oh,it'sgreat!It'slovely.Oh,andlookatthatfireplace!Oh,wecanhavethetwochairsrightinfrontofthefireplacethereinthemiddleoftheroomandtoastourfeet.

M:Thefirstthingweoughttodoisjustdecidewherethebed'sgoing.

W:Whataboutrightherenexttothedoor,sortofbehindthedoorasyoucomein?

M:Yes,that'sagoodidea-justasyoucomein,justinthatcomerthere.

W:Yes.Wellnow,let'sthink.Whatelse?

M:Whatelseisthere?Wellthere'sthathugewardrobeofyours.That'sgottogo.somewhere.

W:Whataboutoverhere-youknow-acrossfromthefireplacethere,becausethen,inthatlittlecomerwhereit...wherethewallgoesback...look,overthere.That'ddo,wouldn'tit?

M:Ok,wellwe'llputthewardrobetherethen.

W:Whataboutyourdesk?Whereareyougoingtoputthat?

M:Ineedlotsoflight,soIthink,inthatfarcomerbetweenthetwowindows,OK?

W:Oh,Iseeinthecomerthere.That'dbegood.

M:Sothedeskgoesthere.

W:Soyou'dhaveyourchairwithyourbacktothefireplace?Yes,that'llbeallright.

M:Yes.Andthere'sthechestofdrawers.

W:Oh,that'dbenicebetweenthetwowindowsthere,rightinthemiddle.Iknowyou'regoingtolikeit.

(20)

A.It'snotabadsizableroomforthecouple.

B.Thefirstthingtheyoughttodoisjustdecidewherethebed'sgoing.

C.Themanneedslotsoflight.

D.Thereinthemiddleoftheroomisthefireplace.

36.聽力原文：W:Ispentsomuchtimepolishingmyletterofapplication.

M:It'sworthwhiletomaketheeffort.Youknowjusthowimportantitistogiveimpression.

Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation'?

(14)

A.Thewomenisaskingthemanforhelp.

B.Thewomanwantstogetanewposition.

C.Themanisinstructingthewomanhowtowritealetterofapplication.

D.Thewomanhasleftthemanagoodimpression.

37.(26)

A.Tonotifyherofherpromotion.

B.Topayattentiontotheofficerelations.

C.Toinquireaboutofficeproblems.

D.Tomakeherthememberoftheexecutiveboard.

38.聽力原文：M:Didyounoticetheyjustbuiltanothercoffeehouseacrossthestreetfromthemovietheater?

W:Yeah.Isn'tthatgreat?Itlooksreallycool,andtheyhavelivemusiceverySaturdaynight.It'llbetheperfectplacetohangoutafterseeingamovie.

M:Areyouserious?Ithinkit'sridiculous!Theyopenanewcoffeehouseeveryfiveminutes.Theyarepoppingupalloverthecity.There'rethreecoffeehousesonMainStreetalone.

W:Ithinkthat'swonderful--themorecoffeehouses,thebetter.I'msickofbarsandnightclubs!Iwantarelaxingplacetositwithmyfriendsandchat.It'snicetositback,listentothemusicandslowlysipareallygoodcupofcoffee.

M:Coffeehousesareafad.Theyappealtopeoplewhohavenothingbettertodothansitaroundanddrinkoverpricedcoffee.Didyouknowtheychargefourdollarsforacupofcoffeeatthatnewplaceacrossfromthetheater?That'scrazy!Theyhavemenuswithfillydifferent"special"blendsfromallovertheworld:Java,Ethiopia,Kenya,Brazil...Italltastesexactlythesametome.

W:Coffeehousesarenutjustfortrendypeople.

M:Yes,theyare!Didyoujusthearwhatthatguyoverthereordered?Heorderedadouble,decafcappuccino.That'ssostupid.Ifyoudrinkcoffee,youshoulddrinkitwithcaffeine.

W:Wow,youarereallyjudgmentaltoday.Areyoufinishedwithyourcoffee?Canwego?

M:No,Ipaidoverthreedollarsforthiscupofcoffee.I'mgoingtodrinkthewholething.

(20)

A.Itoffersreallygoodcoffee.

B.IthaslivemusiceverySaturdaynight.

C.It'snearthetheater.

D.Youcanseeamoviethere.

39.聽力原文：W：It'sSara'sbirthdaytoday．We'replanningonhavingdinneraround6:30andthenseeingamovieat7:30．Andwe'rethrowingherasmallbirthdaypartyafterthemovie．Comeandjoinus.

M：Sure．Bestfriendsalwayssticktogether．

Q：Whatcanwelearnaccordingtotheconversation?

(19)

A.It'stheman'sbirthdaytoday.

B.Theywillhavedinneraround6.

C.Theywillgotomoviesafterdinner.

D.Theywillhaveapartyfortheman.

40.(41)

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Thefactthatparentscheckthecontentsofthebookorthefilmfortheirchildrentoreadorsecshows______.

A.thenecessityofcensorship

B.manybooksandfilmsarebad

C.childrenneedtheirparentstohelpthemunderstandmore

D.theparentsarepermissive

42.SectionB

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice.

Nowomancanbetoorichortoothin.ThissayingoftenattributedtothelateDuchessofWindsorembodiesmuchoftheoddspiritofourtimes.Beingthinisdeemedassuchvirtue.

Theproblemwithsuchaviewisthatsomepeopleactuallyattempttolivebyit.Imyselfhavefantasiesofslippingintonarrowdesignerclothes.Consequently,Ihavebeenonadietforthebetter--orworse--partofmylife.Beingrichwouldn'tbebadeither,butthatwon'thappenunlessanunknownrelativediessuddenlyinsomedistantlandleavingmemillionsofdollars.

Wheredidwegooffthetrack?Whendideatingbutterbecomeasin,andalittlebitofextrafleshunappealing,ifnotrepellent?Allreligionshavecertaindayswhenpeoplerefrainfromeating,andexcessiveeatingisoneofChristianity'ssevendeadlysins.Howeveruntilquiterecently,mostpeoplehadaproblemgettingenoughtoeat.Insomereligiousgroups,wealthwasasymbolofprobablesalvationandhighmorals,andfatnessasignofwealthandwell-being.

Todaytheoppositeistrue.Wehaveshiftedtothinnessasournewmarkofvirtue.Theresultisthatbeingfat--orevenonlysomewhatoverweight--isbadbecauseitimpliesalackofmoralstrength.

Ourobsessionwiththinnessisalsofueledbyhealthconcerns.Itistruethatinthiscountrywehavemoreoverweightpeoplethaneverbefore,andthat,inmanycases,beingoverwightcorrelateswithanincreasedriskofheartandbloodvesseldiseases.Thesediseases,however,mayhaveasmuchtodowithourwayoflifeandourhigh-fatdietsaswithexcessweight.Andtheassociatedriskofcancerinthedigestivesystemmaybemoreofadietaryproblem--toomuchfatandalackoffiber--thanaweightproblem.

Therealconcern,then,isnotthatweweightoomuch,butthatweneitherexerciseenoughnoreatwell.Exerciseisnecessaryforstrongbonesandbothheartandlunghealth.Abalanceddietwithoutalotoffatcanalsohelpthebodyavoidmanydiseases.Weshouldsurelystoppayingsomuchattentiontoweight.Simplybeingthinisnotenough.Itisactuallyhazardousifthosewhoget(oralreadyare)thinthinktheyareautomaticallyhealthyandthusfreefrompayingattentiontotheiroveralllifestyle.Thinnesscanbepurevainglory(虛榮).

Sweptbytheprevailingtrend,theauthor______.

A.hastogoonadiet

B.couldstillpreventherselfform.goingoffthetrack

C.hastoseekhelpfromrichdistantrelatives

D.hastowearhighlyfashionableclothes

43.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

ManyparentswhowelcometheideaofturningofftheTVandspendingmoretimewiththefamilyarestillworriedthatwithoutTVtheywouldconstantlybeoncallasentertainersfortheirchildren.Theyrememberthinkingupallsortsofthingstodowhentheywerekids.Buttheirownkidsseemdifferent,lessresourceful,somehow.Whenthere'snothingtodo,theseparentsobserve.regretfully,theirkidsseemunabletocometowithanythingtodobesidesturningontheTV.

Onefather,forexample,says,"WhenIwasakid,wewerealwaysthinkingupthingstodo,projectsandgames.Wecertainlynevercomplainedinanannoyingwaytoourparents.'Ihavenothingtodo!'"HecomparesthisWithhisownchildrentoday:"They'resimplylazy.Ifsomeonedoesn'tentertainthem,they'llhappilysittherewatchingTVallday."

Thereisonewordforthisfather'sdisappointment:unfair.ItisusifheweredisappointedinthemfornotreadingGreekthoughtheyhaveneverstudiedthelanguage.Hedeploreshischildren'slackofinventiveness,asiftheabilitytoplayweresomethinginnatethathischildrenaremissing.Infact,whiletiletendencytoplayisbuiltintothehumanspecies,theactualabilitytoplay--toimagine,toinvent,toelaborateonrealityinaplayfulway--andtheabilitytogainfulfillmentfrom