中小學教師職業(yè)行為十項準則-1-2023修改整理

千里之行，始于足下讓知識帶有溫度。第第2頁/共2頁精品文檔推薦中小學教師職業(yè)行為十項準則2022年12月高校英語四級考試真題（其次套）

PartⅠWriting(30minutes)Directions：Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessaybasedonthepicturebelow.Youshouldstartyouressaywithabriefaccountofthe

increasinguseofthemobilephoneinpeople’slifeandthenexplainthe

consequencesofoverusingit.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsbut

nomorethan,180words.

PartⅡListeningComprehension(30minutes)SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestions

willbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthe

questionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbea

pause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),

C)andD),anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

1.A)Gotoaplacehehasvisited.

B)Makeherownarrangements.

C)Consultatravelagent.

D)Joininapackagetour.

2.A)Theyareonalongtripbycar.

B)Theyarestuckinatrafficjam.

C)Theyareusedtogettingupearly.

D)Theyaretiredofeatingoutatnight.

3.A)Heisapersondifficulttodealwith.

B)Hedislikesanyformalgathering.

C)Heisunwillingtospeakinpublic.

D)Heoftenkeepsadistancefromothers.

4.A)Workinanotherdepartment.

B)Pursuefurthereducation.

C)Recruitgraduatestudents.

D)Takeanadministrativejob.

5.A)Hewouldnotbeavailabletostartthejobintime.

B)Heisnotquitequalifiedfortheartdirectorposition.

C)Hewouldliketoleavesomemoretimeforhimself.

D)HewillgethisapplicationletterreadybeforeMay1.

6.A)Cleaner.

B)Mechanic.

C)Porter.

D)Salesman.

7.A)Requestoneortworoommatestodothecleaning.

B)HelpLaurawithhertermpaperduethisweekend.

C)GetLauratocleantheapartmentherselfthistime.

D)AskLauratoputoffthecleaninguntilanotherweek.

8.A)Aproblemcausedbytheconstruction.

B)Anaccidentthatoccurredonthebridge.

C)Thebuildingprojecttheyareworkingon.

D)Thepublictransportationconditions.

Questions9to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

9.A)Tolookforajobasasalesperson.

B)TohaveatalkwithMissThompson.

C)Toplaceanorderforsomeproducts.

D)Tocomplainaboutafaultyappliance.

10.A)Thepersoninchargeisnotintheoffice.

B)Thesuppliesareoutofstockforthemoment.

C)Theyfailedtoreachanagreementontheprice.

D)Thecompanyisre-cataloguingtheitems.

11.A)0743,12536extension15.

B)0734,21653extension51.

C)0734,38750extension15.

D)0743,62135extension51.

Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.

12.A)Sincehefoundagirlfriend.

B)Sincehetooktoheavysmoking.

C)Sincehebegantoexerciseregularly.

D)Sincehestartedtoliveonhisown.

13.A)Heisgettingtoofat.

B)Hesmokestoomuch.

C)Hedoesn’teatvegetables.

D)Hedoesn’tlookwellatall.

14.A)Theyareoverweightfortheirage.

B)Theyarerespectfultotheirparents.

C)Theyarestillintheirearlytwenties.

D)Theydislikedoingphysicalexercise.

15.A)Toquitsmoking.

B)Toreducehisweight.

C)Tofindagirlfriend.

D)Tofollowheradvice.

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbe

spokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebest

answerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheetIwithasinglelinethroughthe

centre.

PassageOne

Questions16to19arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

16.A)Theyhavedestroyedseveralsmalltowns.

B)TheywillsoonspreadtoSanFrancisco.

C)Theyhaveinjuredmanyresidents.

D)Theyareburningoutofcontrol.

17.A)Theyhavebeenhospitalized.

B)Theyhavegotskinproblems.

C)Theywerechokedbythethicksmoke.

D)Theywerepoisonedbytheburningchemical.

18.A)Itfailedbecauseofasuddenrocketexplosion.

B)Ithasbeenscheduledforamiddaytakeoff.

C)Ithasbeencanceledduetotechnicalproblems.

D)Itwasdelayedforelevenhoursandthirtyminutes.

19.A)Theymadefrequentlong,distancecallstoeachother.

B)TheyillegallyusedgovernmentcomputersinNewJersey.

C)Theywerefoundtobesmarterthancomputerspecially.

D)Theywerearrestedforstealinggovernmentinformation.

PassageTwo

Questions20to22arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

20.A)Peaceful.

B)Considerate.

C)Generous.

D)Cooperative.

21.A)Someonedumpedtheclothesleftinthewasheranddryer.

B)Someonebrokethewasheranddryerbyoverloadingthem.

C)MindyLance’slaundryblockedthewaytothelaundryroom.

D)MindyLancethreatenedtotakerevengeonherneighbors.

22.A)Askingtheneighborhoodcommitteeforhelp.

B)Limitingtheamountoflaundryforeachwash.

C)Informingthebuildingmanagerofthematter.

D)Installingafewmorewashersanddryers.

PassageThree

Questions23to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.

23.A)Sheisbothapopularandhighlyrespectedauthor.

B)SheisthemostloveAfricannovelistofalltimes.

C)Sheisthemostinfluentialauthorsincethe1930’s.

D)Sheisthefirstwritertofocusonthefateofslaves.

24.A)TheBookCriticsCircleAward.

B)TheNobelPrizeforliterature.

C)ThePulitzerPrizeforfiction.

D)TheNationalBookAward.

25.A)SheisarelativeofMorrison’s.

B)SheisaslavefromAfrica.

C)Sheisaskilledstoryteller.

D)Sheisablackwoman.

SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.

Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillin

theblankswiththeexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Finally,whenthe

passageisreadforthethirdtime,youshouldcheckwhatyouhave

written.

Manycollegestudentstodayownpersonalcomputersthatcostanywherefrom$1,000toperhaps$5,000ormore.26,itisnotuncommonforthemtopurchase27costinganotherseveralhundreddollars,Twentyyearsago,computerswere28,buttheywereverylargeandextremelyexpensive.Few,ifany,29purchasedcomputersforhomeuse.Overtheyearsthepriceofthe“guts”ofacomputer—itsmemory—hasdeclinedtolessthanathousandthofthepriceperunitofmemorythatprevailedtwentyyearsago.Thisisthemainreasonwhycomputerscostsomuchlesstodaythantheyusedto.Moreover,30improvementshavemadeitpossibleto31memorycircuitrythatissmallenoughtofitintotheportablepersonalcomputersthatmanyofusownanduse.32,asthepriceofcomputationhasdeclinedtheaverageconsumerandbusinesshavespentmoreonpurchasingcomputers.

33,improvedagriculturaltechnology,hybrid(雜交)seeds,34animalbreeding,andsoonhavevastlyincreasedtheamountofoutputatypicalfarmercanproduce.Thepricesofgoodssuchasmeatsandgrainshavefallensharplyrelativetothepricesofmostothergoodsandservices.Asagriculturalpriceshavefallen,manyhouseholdshavedecreasedtheirtotalexpensesonfood.Eventhoughthe35ofaproductpurchasedgenerallyincreasewhenitspricefalls,totalexpensesonitmaydecline.

PartⅢReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninaword

bankfollowingthepassage:Readthepassagethroughcarefullybefore

makingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.

PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2

withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsin

thebankmorethanonce.

Questions36to45arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

Togetasenseofhowwomenhaveprogressedinscience,takeaquicktourofthephysicsdepartmentattheUniversityofCalifornia,Berkeley.Thisisastoriedplace,the36ofsomeofthemostimportantdiscoveriesinmodernscience—startingwithErnestLawrence’sinventionofthecyclotron(盤旋加速器)in1931.Agenerationago,femalefaceswere37and,eventoday,visitorswalkingthroughthefirstfloorofLeConteHallwillseeafullcorridorofexhibits38themanydistinguishedphysicistswhomadehistoryhere,39allofthemwhitemales.

Butclimbuptothethirdfloorandyou’llseea40display.There,amongthephotosofcurrentfacultymembersandstudents,areportraitsofthe41headofthedepartment,MarjorieShapiro,andfourotherwomenwhoseresearch42everythingfromthemechanicsoftheuniversetothesmallestparticlesofmatter.Asixthwomanwashiredjusttwoweeksago.Althoughthey’restillonlyabout10percentofthephysicsfaculty,womenareclearlyapresencehere.Andthereal43maybeinthesmallerphotostotheright:graduateandundergraduatestudents,about20percentofthemfemale.EveryyearBerkeleysendsitsfreshfemalephysicsPhDstothecountry’stopuniversities.ThatmakesShapirooptimistic,butalso44.“Ibelievethingsaregettingbetter,”shesays,“butthey’renotgettingbetteras45as

SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneofthe

paragraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationis

derived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraph

ismarkedwithaletter.Answerthequestionsbymarkingthe

correspondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

IsCollegeaWorthyInvestment?

[A]Whyarewespendingsomuchmoneyoncollege?Andwhyarewesounhappy

aboutit?Weallseemtoagreethatacollegeeducationiswonderful,andyetstrangelyweworrywhenweseefamiliesinvestingsomuchinthissupposedlyessentialgood.Maybeit’stimetoaskaquestionthatseemsalmostsacrilegious(大不敬):isallthisinvestmentincollegeeducationreallyworthit?

[B]Theanswer,Ifear,isno.Foranincreasingnumberofkids,theextratimeand

moneyspentpursuingacollegediplomawillleavethemworseoffthantheywerebeforetheysetfootoncampus.

[C]Formyentireadultlife,agoodeducationhasbeenthemostimportantthingfor

middle-classhouseholds.Myparentsspentmoreeducatingmysisterandmethantheyspentontheirhouse,andthey’renottheonlyones...and,ofcourse,foranincreasingnumberoffamilies,mostofthecostoftheirhouseisactuallythecostoflivinginagoodschooldistrict.Questioningthevalueofacollegeeducationseemsabitlikequestioningthevalueofhappiness,orfun.

[D]Theaveragepriceofallgoodsandserviceshasrisenabout50percent.Butthe

priceofacollegeeducationhasnearlydoubledinthattime.Istheeducationthattoday’sstudentsaregettingtwiceasgood?Arenewworkerstwiceassmart?

Havetheybecomesomehowmassivelymoreexpensivetoeducate?

[E]Perhapsabit.RichardVedder,anOhioUniversityeconomicsprofessor,says,“I

lookatthedata,andIseecollegecostsrisingfasterthaninflationuptothemid-1980sby1percentayear.NowIseethemrising3to4percentayearoverinflation.Whathashappened?Thefederalgovernmenthasstarteddroppingmoneyoutofairplanes.”Aidhasincreased,subsidized(補貼的)loanshavebecomeavailable,and“theuniversitieshavegottenthemoney.”EconomistBryanCaplan,whoiswritingabookabouteducation,agrees:“It’sagiantwasteofresourcesthatwillcontinueaslongasthesubsidiescontinue.”

[F]Promotionalliteratureforcollegesandstudentloansoftenspeaksofdebtasan

“investmentinyourself.”Butaninvestmentissupposedtogenerateincometopayofftheloans.Morethanhaftofallrecentgraduatesareunemployedorinjobsthatdonotrequireadegree,andtheamountofstudent-loandebtcarriedby

householdshasincreasedmorethanfivetimessince1999.Thesegraduatesweretoldthatadiplomawasalltheyneededtosucceed,butitwon’tevengetthemoutofthesparebedroomatMomandDad’s.Formany,themostvisibleresultoftheirfouryearsistheloanpayments,whichnowaveragehundredsofdollarsamonthonloanbalancesinthetensofthousands.

[G]It’strueaboutthemoney—sortof.Collegegraduatesnowmake80percentmore

thanpeoplewhohaveonlyahigh-schooldiploma,andthoughtherearenopreciseestimates,thewagepremium(高出的部分)foranoutstandingschoolseemstobeevenhigher.Butthat’snottrueofeverystudent.It’sveryeasytospendfouryearsmajoringinEnglishliteratureandcomeoutnomoreemployablethanyouwerebeforeyouwentin.Conversely,chemicalengineersstraightoutofschoolcaneasilymakealmostfourtimesthewagesofanentry-levelhigh-schoolgraduate.

[H]JamesHeckman,theNobelPrize-winningeconomist,hasexaminedhowthe

returnsoneducationbreakdownforindividualswithdifferentbackgroundsandlevelsofability.“Evenwiththesehighprices,you’restillfindingahighreturnforindividualswhoarebrightandmotivated,”hesays.Ontheotherhand,“ifyou’renotcollegeready,thentheanswerisno,it’snotworthit.”Expertstendtoagreethatfortheaveragestudent,collegeisstillworthittoday,buttheyalsoagreethattherapidincreaseinpriceiseatingupmoreandmoreofthepotentialreturn.Forborderlinestudents,tuition(學費)risecanpushthosereturnsintonegativeterritory.

[I]Everyoneseemstoagreethatthegovernment,andparents,shouldberethinking

howweinvestinhighereducation—andthatemployersneedtorethinktheincreasinguseofcollegedegreesascrudescreeningtoolsforjobsthatdon’treallyrequirecollegeskills,“Employersseeingasurplusofcollegegraduatesandlookingtofilljobsarejustaddingthatrequirement,”saysVedder.“Infact,acollegedegreebecomesajobrequirementforbecomingabar-tender.”

[J]Wehavestartedtoseesomechangeonthefinanceside.Alawpassedin2022allowsmanystudentstocaptheirloanpaymentat10percentoftheirincomeandforgivesanybalanceafter25years.Butofcourse,thatdoesn’tcontrolthecostofeducation;itjustshiftsittotaxpayers.Italsoencouragesgraduatestochooselower-payingcareers,whichreducesthefinancialreturntoeducationstillfurther.

“You’resubsidizingpeopletobecomepriestsandpoetsandsoforth,”says

Heckman.“Youmaythinkthat’sagoodthing,oryoumaynot.”Eitherwayitwillbeexpensiveforthegovernment.

[K]Whatmightbealotcheaperisputtingmorekidstowork.Caplannotesthatworkalsobuildsvaluableskills—probablymorevaluableforkidswhodon’tnaturallylovesittinginaclassroom.Heckmanagreeswholeheartedly:“Peoplearedifferent,andthoseabilitiescanbeshaped.That’swhatwe’velearned,andpublicpolicyshouldrecognizethat.”

[L]Heckmanwouldliketoseemoreapprenticeship-style(學徒式)programs,wherekidscanlearnintheworkplacelearnnotjustspecificjobskills,butthekindof“softskills”,likegettingtoworkontimeandgettingalongwithateam,thatarecrucialforcareersuccess.“It’sabouthavingmentors(指導者)andhavingworkplace-basededucation,”hesays.“TimeandagainI’veseenexamplesofthiskindofprogramworking.”

[M]Ah,buthowdowegettherefromhere?Withbetterpublicpolicy,hopefully,butalsobymakingbetterindividualdecisions.“Historicallymarketshavebeenabletohandlethesethings,”saysVedder,“andIthinkeventuallymarketswillhandlethisone.Ifitdoesn’timprovesoon,peoplearegoingtowakeupandask,‘WhyamIgoingtocollege?’”

注重：此部分試題請在答題卡2上作答。

46.Caplansuggeststhatkidswhodon’tloveschoolgotowork.

47.Anincreasingnumberoffamiliesspendmoremoneyonhousesinagoodschool

district.

48.Subsidizedloanstocollegestudentsareahugewasteofmoney,accordingtoone

economist.

49.Moreandmorekidsfindtheyfareworsewithacollegediploma.

50.Forthosewhoarenotpreparedforhighereducation,goingtoCollegeisnotworthit.

51.Overtheyearsthecostofacollegeeducationhasincreasedalmostby100%.

52.Alawpassedrecentlyallowsmanystudentstopaynomorethanonetenthoftheir

incomefortheircollegeloans.

53.Middle-classAmericanshavehighlyvaluedagoodeducation.

54.Morekidsshouldbeencouragedtoparticipateinprogramswheretheycanlearn

notonlyjobskillsbutalsosocialskills.

55.Overfiftypercentofrecentcollegegraduatesremainunemployedorunableto

findasuitablejob.

SectionC

Directions:Thereare2passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.Foreachofthemtherearefour

choicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).Youshoulddecideonthebestchoice

andmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2withasingleline

throughthecentre.

PassageOne

Questions56to60arebasedonfollowingpassage.

Arecentglobalsurveyof2,000high-net-worthindividualsfoundthat60%werenotplanningonatraditionalretirement.AmongU.S.participants,75%expectedtocontinueworkinginsomecapacityevenaftersteppingawayfromfull-timejobs.“Manyofthesepeoplemadetheirwealthbydoingsomethingthey’repassionate(有激情的)about,”saysDanielEgan,headofbehavioralfinanceforBarclaysWealthAmericas.“Giventhechoice,theyprefertocontinueworking.”Barclayscallsthesepeople“nevertirees”.

UnlikemanyAmericanscompelledintoearlyretirementbycompanyrestrictions,theaveragenevertireeoftenhasnooneforcinghishand.If106-year-oldinvestorIrvingKahn,headofhisownfamilyfirm,wantstokeepcomingtoworkeveryday,who’sgoingtostophim?Seventy-eight-year-oldSupremeCourtJusticeRuthBaderGinsburg’sjobsecurityisguaranteedintheConstitution.

Itmayseemthattheseelderlypeoplearetryingtocheatdeath.Infact,theyare.Andit’sworking.HowardFriedman,aprofessoratUCRiverside,foundinhisresearchthatthosewhoworkhardestandaresuccessfulintheircareersoftenlivethelongestlives.“Peoplearegenerallybeinggivenbadadvicetoslowdown,takeiteasy,stopworrying,andretiretoFlorida,hesays.Hedescribedonestudyparticipant,stillworkingattheageof100,whowasrecentlydisappointedtoseehissonretire.

“We’rebeginningtoseeachangeinhowpeopleviewretirement,”saysGeorgeLeeson,codirectoroftheInstituteofPopulationAgeingatOxford.Whereonceretirementwasseenasabriefrewardafteralongstrugglethroughsomemiserablejob,itisnowakin(近似)tobeingcastaside,WhatLeesonterms“theWarrenBuffetteffect”isbecomingmorebroadlyappealingasindividualscometo“viewretirementasnotsimplybeinglinkedtoeconomicproductivitybutalsoaboutcontribution.”

Observersaresplitonwhetherthisisawhollygoodthing,Ontheonehand,companiesandfinancialfirmscanbenefitfromthewisdomofaresilient(頑強的)chief,Ontheother,thenewgenerationcanfinditmoredifficulttoadvance—anargumentthattypicallyholdslittleswaytoanevertiree.

56.Whatdowelearnabouttheso-called“nevertiree”?

A)Theyarepassionateaboutmakingafortune.

B)Theyhavenochoicebuttocontinueworking.

C)Theylovewhattheydoandchoosenottoretire.

D)Theywillnotretireunlesstheyarecompelledto.

57.WhatdoIrvingKahnandRuthBaderGinsburghaveincommon?

A)Neitherofthemissubjecttoforcedretirement.

B)Neitherofthemdesiresrewardfortheirwork.

C)Bothclingtotheirpositionsdespiteopposition.

D)Botharecapableofcopingwithheavyworkloads.

58.WhatisthefindingofHowardFriedman’sresearch?

A)Theharderyouwork,thebiggeryourfortunewillbe.

B)Theearlieryouretire,thehealthieryouwillbe.

C)Elderlypeoplehavetoslowdowntolivelonger.

D)Workingatanadvancedagelengthenspeople’slife.

59.Whatisthetraditionalviewofretirementaccordingtothepassage?

A)Itmeansaburdentotheyoungergeneration.

B)Itisasymbolofamatureandcivilizedsociety.

C)Itisacompensationforone’slife-longhardwork.

D)Ithelpsincreaseanation’seconomicproductivity.

60.Whatdocriticssayabout“nevetfirees”?

A)Theyareanobstacletoacompany’sdevelopment.

B)Theylackthecreativityoftheyoungergeneration.

C)Theycannotworkasefficientlyastheyusedto.

D)Theypreventyoungpeoplefromgettingahead.

PassageTwo

Questions61to65arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

WhenwetalkaboutAmericansbarelyintoadulthoodwhoaresaddledwithunbearablelevelsofdebt,theconversationisalmostalwaysaboutstudentloandebt.Butthere’sagrowingbodyofevidencesuggestingthattoday’syoungadultsarealsodrowningincredit-carddebt-andthatmanyofthemwilltakethisdebttotheirgraves.

Morethan20%overspenttheirincomebymorethan$100everysinglemonth.Sincetheyhaven’tbuiltuptheircredithistoriesyet,it’sasafebetthattheseyoungadultsarepayingrelativelyhighinterestratesontheresultingcreditcarddebt.

Althoughmanyyoungpeopleblame“socializing”asabarriertosavingmoney,mostofthemaren’tknockingback$20drinksintrendy(時尚的)lounges.They’restrugglingwithmuchmoredailyfinancialdemands.

Toadisturbinglylargeextent,theyoungandthebrokearerelyingoncreditcardstomakeituntiltheirnextpayday.Thisobviouslyisn’tsustainableinthelongrun,andit’sgoingtoputahugedragon,theirspendingpowerevenaftertheyreachtheirpeakearningyears,becausethey’llstillbepayinginterestonthatbottleoforangejuiceorboxofspaghetti(意式面條)theyboughtadecadeearlier.

AnewstudyoutofOhioStateUniversityfoundthatyoungadultsareaccumulatingcreditcarddebtatamorerapidratethanotheragegroups,andthatthey’resloweratpayingitoff,“Ifwhatwefoundcontinuestoholdtrue,w