山西省朔州市懷仁市第一中學2022-2023學年高三上學期期末考試英語試題（解析版）

第1頁/共1頁2022~2023學年第一學期懷仁一中高三年級期末考試英語(全卷滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘)注意事項：1.答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號填寫在答題卡上，并將條形碼粘貼在答題卡上的指定位置。2.回答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑。如需改動、用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標號?；卮鸱沁x擇題時，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷上無效。3.考試結(jié)束后,將本試卷和答題卡一并收回。4.本卷主要考查內(nèi)容：高考范圍。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?A.Inatelephonebox.B.Inacomputerroom.C.Inabusinesshall.2.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Asportsplayer.B.Afootballgame.C.Theirfavouritesports.3.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.Bringagift.B.Returnsomething.C.Havedinner.4.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A.Forgivethefooddeliveryman.B.Placehisorderasearlyaspossible.C.Givethefooddeliverymanathumbsup(好評).5.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Husbandandwife.B.Bossandsecretary.C.Workmates.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話成獨白。每段對話成獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whatdidthemanbuy?A.Shoes.B.Ties.C.Pants.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkoftheshopassistant?A.Rude.B.Annoying.C.Helpful.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whichroomwillthemanlivein?A.Theguestroom.B.Thelivingroom.C.Thewoman’sbedroom.9.HowwillthemancometoLondon?A.Byair.B.Bytrain.C.Bycar.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.Whenwillthemangraduatefromcollege?A.Afterfouryears.B.Afterthreeyears.C.Afteroneyear.11.Whyisthemangoingtotakeasciencecourse?A.He’sthinkingofbecomingasciencemajor.B.Hehasbecomeinterestedinscience.C.Itisrequiredforgraduation.12.Whatcoursewillthemantake?A.Biology.B.Geology.C.Astronomy.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Whatisthecolourofthewoman’ssideoftheroom?A.Blue.B.Pink.C.White.14.WhatdoesthemansayabouthisbrotherMax?A.MaxisyoungerthanhimB.MaxwillgraduatefromuniversitysoonC.Maxallowshimtousehiselectronicequipment.15.Howdidthewomanfeelwhenhersisterwentcampinglastweek?A.Excited.B.Lonely.C.Worried.16.Whatishardforthemanwhenhisbrotherisintheroom?A.PlayingmusicloudlyB.Playingwithhisfriendsfreely.C.Doinghishomeworkpeacefully.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17Whatdopeopleusuallyhaveonabucketlist?A.Excitingplansandideas.B.Thingstomakethemostoflife.C.Thingstheywanttodobeforedeath.18.WhatdidHelenbegintodoafterknowingshehadcancer?A.Makeabucketlist.B.Learntodraw.C.Writebooks.19.HowmanythingswereonHelen’slistforliving?A.Five.B.Forty-five.C.Fifty.20.Whatisthespeaker’sadvice?A.Notwaitinguntiltomorrowtodosomething.B.Beingmorecarefulwhenmakingaplan.C.Notfollowingsomeoneelse’sideas.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C，D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheScienceofYourWellbeingThiscoursecoverstherealscienceofbetterhealthandhappiness.Withevidence-basedadvicefromtheverylatestscientificresearch,you’llfindthetruthaboutnutritionanddiets,exerciseandmentalwellbeing.Whatwillyoulearn?＊Whythebrainmakeshabitshardtobreak.＊Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.＊Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.＊Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy.＊Techniquesinformedbypsychologicalresearchthatyoucanusetoimproveyourlevelofhappiness.Whoisthiscoursesuitablefor?＊Thiscourseissuitableforstudentsatalllevels.＊Youmaybeconsideringacareerinnutritionorfitnessandabasicunderstandingofdiets,nutritionandexercise.＊Manyofourlearnerstakethiscoursetoimprovetheiruniversityapplication.Whoareyourinstructors?＊GilesYeo:He’saprogrammeleaderattheMedicalResearchCouncilMetabolicDiseasesUnitattheUniversityofCambridge,HisfirstbookGeneEatingwaspublishedinDecember2018,andhissecond,WhyCaloriesDon’tCount,cameoutinJune2021.＊JasonGill:He’saprofessorofexerciseandhealthattheUniversityofGlasgow.Hestudiestheeffectsofexerciseanddietsonthepreventionandmanagementofdiseases.＊JackyForsyth:She’sanassociateprofessorattheSchoolofHealth.ScienceandWellbeing,StaffordshireUniversity.Shefocusesondevelopingresearchandstudyonwomeninsportandexercise＊BruceHood:He’saprofessorofDevelopmentalPsychologyinSocietyattheUniversityofBristol,Hisresearchinterestsincludethescienceofhappiness,andinhibitory(抑制性的)controlofthoughtsandactions1.Whichofthefollowingwillyoufailtolearninthiscourse?A.Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.B.Techniquesusedtoimproveyourfinances.C.Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.D.Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy2.Whoconcentratesonresearchonfemalesinsport?A.GilesYeo. B.JasonGill. C.JackyForsyth. D.BruceHood.3.Whereisthetextprobablyfrom?A.Anadvertisement. B.Anovel.C.Anewsreport. D.Adiaryentry.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了關于健康的科學這門課程的相關內(nèi)容?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的Whatwillyoulearn?部分列出的幾個條目“＊Whythebrainmakeshabitshardtobreak.＊Techniquesthatcanhelpyoubreakbadhabits.＊Achievablestepstoimproveyourdiets.＊Activitiestohelpyouremainhealthy.＊Techniquesinformedbypsychologicalresearchthatyoucanusetoimproveyourlevelofhappiness.(*為什么大腦讓習慣難以改變。*可以幫助你改掉壞習慣的技巧。*改善飲食的可行步驟。*幫助你保持健康的活動。*心理學研究提供的技巧，可以用來提高你的幸福水平)”可知，“Techniquesusedtoimproveyourfinances(用來提升你的經(jīng)濟狀況的技術)”并不在你能學習到的內(nèi)容里面。故選B?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的Whoareyourinstructors?這個部分“JackyForsyth:She’sanassociateprofessorattheSchoolofHealth,ScienceandWellbeing,StaffordshireUniversity.Shefocusesondevelopingresearchandstudyonwomeninsportandexercise.(JackyForsyth：她是健康學院的副教授。科學與幸福，斯塔福德郡大學。她專注于開展關于女性運動和鍛煉的研究)”可知，JackyForsyth專注于發(fā)展女性在運動和健身方面的研究。故選C。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)全文可知，文章介紹了關于健康的科學這門課程的相關內(nèi)容。由此推知，文章應該節(jié)選自一篇廣告。故選A。BLastweekend,myhusbandandIdroveadogtohernewhome.Typically,whenwehaveanewdoginthebackseat,it’sayoungdog.Butthispassengerwasamuchdifferentstory.Magdalenisa13-yearolddog.Herownergaveheruptemporarilywhenhewassick,butwhenhefullyrecoveredseveralmonthslater,hesaidhedidn’twantherback.Hebadhersinceshewasyoungbutnowhadnoplaceforher.Thefamilywhohadgivenheratemporaryhomehadchildrenandotherdogsandwasunabletogiveheraforeverhome.WhenSpeakSt,Louis,therescueteamIworkwith,wascontactedaboutthedog,theyofferedtotakeherin.Shewenttoavet(獸醫(yī))forabasichealthcheck.Butthevetdidn’thavegreatnews.Hermouthwasswollen(腫脹的)withallsortsofproblems.Twoteethfelloutduringcleaningandelevenmorehadtobepulledout.Luckily,agoodfriendofmine,adogtrainerwithasoftheartforseniors,hadagreedtoadoptMagdalen.Onthetriptothetrainer’shome,thesweetseniorlookedsorelaxedinourbackseat.Ifeltagreatsenseofreliefandpleasure.Herownerneededsometemporaryhelpwhenhewassick.ButIcan’timaginewhyhewouldn’thavewantedherback.Ithinkofmyowndoganddogswelosttooldageinthepast.We’refamilyandwestaythatwayforever.She’dbeabletoliveagoodlife.Ihoped,inhernewhome!4.Whatisparagraph2mainlyabout?A.Theformerownersofthedog.B.Wherethedogwastreated.C.Whatthedogneededmost.D.Theproblemsthedogmet.5.Whatistheauthor’sjob?A.Trainingolddogs.B.TreatingsickdogsC.Lookingforhomesfordogs.D.Lookingforlostdogs’owners.6.Howdidtheauthorfeelonherwaytoherfriend’shome?A.Relievedandhappy. B.Nervousandgrateful.C.Surprisedandcurious. D.Hopefulandproud.7.WhatdoestheauthorthinkofMagdalen’sownergivingherup?A.Shedidn’tunderstandhisbehaviour.B.Shebelieveditwaspainfulforhim.C.Shewascertainhewouldregret.D.Shethoughthemadeawisedecision.【答案】4.D5.C6.A7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了作者安置一只老齡狗的故事。【4題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Thefamilywhohadgivenheratemporaryhomehadchildrenandotherdogsandwasunabletogiveheraforeverhome.WhenSpeakSt,Louis,therescueteamIworkwith,wascontactedaboutthedog,theyofferedtotakeherin.Shewenttoavet(獸醫(yī))forabasichealthcheck.Butthevetdidn’thavegreatnews.Hermouthwasswollen(腫脹的)withallsortsofproblems,Twoteethfelloutduringcleaningandelevenmorehadtobepulledout.(給她臨時住所的家庭有孩子和其他狗，無法給她一個永遠的家。當與我一起工作的救援隊SpeakSt,Louis聯(lián)系到這只狗的情況時，他們表示愿意收留它。她去獸醫(yī)那里做了基本的健康檢查。但是獸醫(yī)并沒有什么好消息。她的嘴因各種問題而腫起來，清潔時掉了兩顆牙，又拔了十一顆)”可知，當Magdalen需要一個臨時的家的時候，這家人給了它一個家，但是他們有孩子和其它狗狗，他們不能給它一個永遠的家，Magdalen也老了，病了。由此可知，本段主要介紹了Magdalen遇到的問題。故選D?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Lastweekend,myhusbandandIdroveadogtohernewhome.Typically,whenwehaveanewdoginthebackseat,it’sayoungdog.(上周末，我和丈夫開車送一只狗去她的新家。通常情況下，當后座上有一只新狗時，它是一只年輕的狗)”和下文作者找獸醫(yī)為Magdalen治病，并最終為Magdalen找到收養(yǎng)者可知，作者的工作是為狗狗找新家。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“Luckily,agoodfriendofmine,adogtrainerwithasoftheartforseniors,hadagreedtoadoptMagdalen.Onthetriptothetrainer’shome,thesweetseniorlookedsorelaxedinourbackseat.Ifeltagreatsenseofreliefandpleasure.(幸運的是，我的一個好朋友，一個對老狗狗心腸很軟的馴狗師，同意收養(yǎng)Magdalen。在去馴狗師家的路上，這位可愛的老狗狗坐在我們的后座上，看起來很放松。我感到一種巨大的寬慰和愉悅)”可知，年邁的Magdalen雖然被原來的主人拋棄了，但作者的一個關心老狗狗的好朋友答應收養(yǎng)它，她在開車送Magdalen去朋友家的路上是感到欣慰和開心的。故選A。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Herownerneededsometemporaryhelpwhenhewassick.ButIcan’timaginewhyhewouldn’thavewantedherback.Ithinkofmyowndoganddogswelosttooldageinthepast.We’refamilyandwestaythatwayforever.She’dbeabletoliveagoodlife.Ihoped,inhernewhome!(她的主人生病時需要一些臨時的幫助。但我想不出他為什么不想讓她回來。我想起了我自己的狗和我們過去失去的狗。我們是一家人，永遠是一家人。她會過上好日子的。我希望，在她的新家！)”可知，Magdalen原來的主人生病時，他需要一些臨時幫助，但是當他康復后卻不想要它回去了。作者想起了自己的狗和在過去因年老而失去的狗。作者認為他們是一家人，永遠都是這樣。由此推知，作者無法理解Magdalen的主人的行為。故選A。CWrittenandillustratedbyShelSilverstein,TheGivingTreeisachildren’sbookthattellsthestoryaboutayoungboyandatreeintheforest.Thestorystartswiththeboyandthetreebeingthebestoffriendsandhavingfun.Astheboygrowsolder,heasksmorefromthetree,whichwillinglyagreesuntilallthatisleftisastump(樹樁).Intheend,theboy,nowanoldman,comesbacktothetreeandtellsitthatallhewantsisaplacetositon,somethingthatthetreeeagerlyprovides.Inthebook,eachpartofthestorygoesstraighttothepointwithoutconfusingreaders.Thebookdoesn’tincludetheeventsthathappentotheboyinbetween.Weseehowtheboy’sneedsincreasetoapointthatthetreefinallygivesitstrunkashegrows.Itmakesthebookeasytoreadandunderstand.Thewritingstylemayseemplainandboringatfirstbutweneedtokeepinmindthatitisachildren’sbook.Ifitweren’tthatway,thenitwouldbeunattractivetoitsyoungreaders.Thewordsusedareveryeasytounderstand.Thephrase,“andthetreewashappy”,isquitemovedandshowsthetree’slovefortheboy.Theuseoftheword“need”alsoshowsreaderstheattitudeoftheboy.Thechangefrom“need”to“want”intheendalsotellsreadersthechangesthattheboygoesthrough.Thoughthebookhasbeencriticizedasitcanbeunderstoodindifferentways,itisbecauseofthisthatthebooksucceeds.Againthebookiswrittenforchildren.Differentchildrenhavetheirownwaystounderstandthebookandwillconsideritinteresting.8.Whatisthebookmainlyabout?A.Aboy’sgreatloveforatree.B.Aboy’srelationshipwithatreeC.Aboy’sdependenceonaforest.D.Aboy’sinterestinglifeinaforest.9.Whyisthebooksuitableforyoungreadersintheauthor’sopinion?A.Itsstoryistouching.B.ItsexpressionsaresimpleC.Itswritingstyleishumorous.D.Itstopicsarevaried.10.WhatmakesTheGivingTreepopular?A.Thecommentskidsgave.B.Thewritingstyle.C.Thepicturesinit.D.Differentwaystounderstandit.11.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tocommentonabook.B.Tointroduceawriter.C.Torecommendastory.D.Togivereadersalesson.【答案】8.B9.B10.D11.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文，主要對一本兒童書籍的內(nèi)容、寫作風格和語言特點等方面作了評價?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Thestorystartswiththeboyandthetreebeingthebestoffriendsandhavingfun.Astheboygrowsolder,heasksmorefromthetree,whichwillinglyagreesuntilallthatisleftisastump(樹樁).Intheend,theboy,nowanoldman,comesbacktothetreeandtellsitthatallhewantsisaplacetositon,somethingthatthetreeeagerlyprovides.(故事開始于男孩和樹是最好的朋友，玩得很開心。隨著男孩長大，他向樹上要求更多的東西，樹都會心甘情愿地答應，直到最后只剩下樹樁。最后，男孩，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)是一個老人了，回到樹前，告訴它，他想要的只是一個坐在上面的地方，這是樹渴望提供的東西。)”可知，這本書主要介紹一個小男孩和一棵樹之間的關系。故選B。【9題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“Ifitweren’tthatway,thenitwouldbeunattractivetoitsyoungreaders(如果不是這樣的話，那么它對年輕讀者就沒有吸引力了)”和第三段“Thewordsusedareveryeasytounderstand.(所用的詞很容易理解。)”可知，這本書使用非常簡單的短語和詞匯，所以非常容易理解，即它簡單易懂的語言使之適合小孩子閱讀。因此作者認為這本書適合年輕讀者是因為它的表達很簡單。故選B。【10題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Thoughthebookhasbeencriticizedasitcanbeunderstoodindifferentways,itisbecauseofthisthatthebooksucceeds.(盡管這本書受到了批評，因為它可以用不同的方式理解，但正因為如此，這本書才獲得了成功。)”可知，不同的人對這本書有不同的理解，可知使這本書很受歡迎是因為不同的人對這本書反映的道理有不同的理解。故選D?！?1題詳解】推理判斷題。本文介紹了一本兒童書籍的內(nèi)容、寫作風格和語言特點等，結(jié)合第二段“Inthebook,eachpartofthestorygoesstraighttothepointwithoutconfusingreaders.(在這本書中，故事的每一部分都直奔主題，不會讓讀者感到困惑。)”以及第三段“Thewordsusedareveryeasytounderstand.(所用的詞很容易理解。)”可知，作者的寫作目的是為了對一本書作出評價。故選A。DThesurfaceofMarsisetched(蝕刻)withancientrivervalleysandlakebasins.SomeresearchersthinkthatliquidwateronceflowedontheRedPlanet.Today,Marsistoocoldformuch,ifany,liquidwatertoexist.And3.8billionyearsago,whentheflowingwaterformed,thesunwasfainterthanitistoday,makingitevenhardertoimagineawarmMartianclimate.That’swhymanyresearchersthinkMarsmayhavegoneinandoutofdeepfreezes.SomeresearchershavesuggestedthatearlyMarsonlythawedout(解凍)whenlargeasteroid(小行星)impactsorvolcaniceruptionstemporarilywarmedtheplanet.ButKasting,ageologistatPennStateUniversity,thinkswarmwindowsfromsuchdramaticeventswouldhavebeentoobrieftocarvethevastcanyons(峽谷)thatexistonMars.Now,Kastingandhiscolleagueshavecomeupwithanalternativeexplanation.TheythinkMarsmayhaveexperiencedaseriesofclimatecyclescausedbychangesinthestrengthofthegreenhouseeffect.Theideagoeslikethis:WhenMarswascoldandfrozen,volcanoescontinuedtobelchoutthegreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxideandhydrogenintotheatmosphere.There,thegasblankettrappedheatandwarmedtheplanetupuntilliquidwaterbegantoflow,formingMars’riversandlakes.However,warmtemperaturesandabundantwaterwouldalsohavespedupcertainchemicalreactionsthatconsumedcarbondioxide,mitigatingthegreenhouseeffectandcoolingtheplanetbackdownagain.Thenthecyclewouldrepeat.KastingsharedhistheorywithotherastronomersattheDecembermeetingoftheAmericanGeophysicalUnioninSanFrancisco,andinthejournalEarthandPlanetaryScienceLetters.Sofar,Kasting’steamhasonlyshownthatsuchanexplanationispossible,accordingtoclimatemodels.Buttheresearcherssayfieldtripscouldhelptesttheideabylookingforevidenceofmultiplewarmevents,andtheirdurations.12.WhatmaderesearchersbelievethatliquidwateronceexistedonMars?A.ThegeologicalfeaturesofMars.B.ThenaturalclimateofMars.C.Thetemperaturesofthesun.D.Thecolouroftheplanet.13.WhatisKasting’stheorybasedon?A.LargeasteroidshadnoimpactonMars.B.VolcaniceruptionswereveryfrequentonMarsC.Deepvalleyscouldn’tbeformedinashortperiodoftime.D.Carbondioxideandhydrogenwereabundantintheatmosphere.14.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mitigating”inparagraph3mean?A.Achieving. B.Reducing. C.Experiencing. D.Enhancing.15.Whichisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.LargeAsteroidImpactsontheRedPlanetB.LiquidWaterExistingonMarsC.ClimateCyclesCouldHaveCarvedCanyonsonMarsD.AncientRiverValleysHaveBeenFoundonMars【答案】12.A13.C14.B15.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。火星上曾經(jīng)有液態(tài)水，這是怎么形成的呢？科學家們提出了新的理論?！?2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的“ThesurfaceofMarsisetchedwithancientrivervalleysandlakebasins.SomeresearchersthinkthatliquidwateronceflowedontheRedPlanet.(火星表面蝕刻著古老的河谷和湖泊盆地。一些研究人員認為液態(tài)水曾經(jīng)在這顆紅色星球上流動)”可知，火星表面有著古老的河谷和湖泊盆地，這些地質(zhì)特征使得研究人員認為液態(tài)水曾經(jīng)在火星上存在。故選A項?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的“ButKasting,ageologistatPennStateUniversity,thinkswarmwindowsfromsuchdramaticeventswouldhavebeentoobrieftocarvethevastcanyonsthatexistonMars.(但是賓夕法尼亞州立大學的地質(zhì)學家Kasting認為，這種突然事件打開的溫暖窗口期太短暫了，無法蝕刻出火星上存在的巨大峽谷)”可知，賓夕法尼亞州立大學的地質(zhì)學家卡薩丁認這種突然事件打開的溫暖窗口期太短暫了，無法形成火星上存在的巨大峽谷。由此推知，卡薩丁的理論是建立在深谷不可能在短時間內(nèi)形成的理論上的。故選C項?！?4題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的“warmtemperaturesandabundantwaterwouldalsohavespedupcertainchemicalreactionsthatconsumedcarbondioxide.(溫暖的溫度和充足的水也會加速某些消耗二氧化碳的化學反應)”可知，溫暖的氣候和充足的水也會加速某些化學反應，這樣就消耗了二氧化碳。二氧化碳減少了就會減少溫室效應，從而使地球溫度下降，故劃線詞與“減少；減弱”含義接近。故選B項。15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，結(jié)合第二段“TheythinkMarsmayhaveexperiencedaseriesofclimatecyclescausedbychangesinthestrengthofthegreenhouseeffect.(他們認為火星可能經(jīng)歷了一系列由溫室效應強度變化引起的氣候周期。)”和第三段“Theideagoeslikethis:WhenMarswascoldandfrozen,volcanoescontinuedtobelchoutthegreenhousegaseslikecarbondioxideandhydrogenintotheatmosphere.There,thegasblankettrappedheatandwarmedtheplanetupuntilliquidwaterbegantoflow,formingMars’riversandlakes.(這個想法是這樣的：當火星寒冷凍結(jié)時，火山繼續(xù)向大氣中噴射二氧化碳和氫氣等溫室氣體。在那里，氣層捕獲熱量并使行星升溫，直到液態(tài)水開始流動，形成了火星的河流和湖泊)”可知，文章介紹了科學家提出的關于火星上的河谷和湖泊盆地形成原因的最新理論，研究指出可能是氣候的變化周期造就了如今火星上可觀測到的峽谷和河床等地理特征，所以“ClimateCyclesCouldHaveCarvedCanyonsonMars(氣候周期可能在火星上雕刻了峽谷)”是最佳標題。故選C項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Findinganapartmentcanbechallengingformanypeople.However,itshouldn’tbe.____16____Thenyoucaneasilygetanapartmentsuitableforyou.Determineyourbudgetproperly.Thisstepiscritical(極重要的).____17____Solet’sgetthispartright.Infact,theamountyoushouldspendonrentshouldbenomorethan30%ofyourincome.Onceyou’vedeterminedtheamountyoucancomfortablyspendonrent,becarefulnottogooverthatamount.____18____Doyouwanttobewithinwalkingdistancetowork?Doyouwanttobeclosetofriendsorfamily?Arerestaurantsandnightlifeimportanttoyou?There’salottoconsider.Withthesefactorsinmind,exploretheneighbourhoodsandchooseonethat’smostsuitable.Workwitharealestatebroker(房產(chǎn)經(jīng)紀人).Realestatebrokerscanhelpyoufindagoodapartment.Ensurethatyou’reworkingwithonewhohasaccesstotheapartmentsintheneighbourhoodyou’reinterestedin.Goontours.There’resomethingsyoushouldbeawareofasyougoonapartmenttours.You’llhavemanyquestionsabouttheapartment,sowritethemdownandfindtheanswersduringthetours.Besides,asyouwalkaround,takeplentyofpictures.Don’tmakethemistakeofrentingthefirstapartmentyousee!____19____Makeyourdecision.Armedwithphotosandnotesfromyourtours,it’stimetositdownanddecide.Youcandothisonyourownorinvitesomefriendstohelpyou.____20____Whenyouknowforsurewhichplaceyouwant,submityourapplication.A.Decideyourdesiredlocation.B.Dorelatedresearchinyourneighbourhood.C.Trytotouratleasttwoorthreeplacessoyoucancompare.D.Youonlyneedtoknowsomeimportantapartmenthuntingtechniques.E.Withfriends’suggestion,you’relikelytomakethebudgetsuccessfully.F.It’salwaysgoodtohavedifferentviews,andtheymightseesomethingyouoverlooked.G.Ifyouendupinaplaceyoucanhardlyafford,you’llsufferfromthestressofmakingendsmeet.【答案】16.D17.G18.A19.C20.F【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。城市中的很多人需要尋找公寓租住，通過科學的規(guī)劃、調(diào)查和分析，找到合適的公寓是完全可能的。本文就此給出了幾點建議?！?6題詳解】上文“Findinganapartmentcanbechallengingformanypeople.However,itshouldn’tbe.(對許多人來說，找一套公寓可能是一件很困難的事。然而，這不應該。)”指出，在大家看來很困難的找公寓的事情不應該很難?？赏茰y下文作者將提出一些建議。選項D“Youonlyneedtoknowsomeimportantapartmenthuntingtechniques.(你只需要知道一些重要的找公寓技巧。)”指出，讓找公寓變得不困難，只需要一些技巧，與上文邏輯密切，符合語境。故選D項?！?7題詳解】下文“Solet’sgetthispartright.(所以讓我們把這部分做好。)”指出，我們要把某一件事情做好。選項G“Ifyouendupinaplaceyoucanhardlyafford,you’llsufferfromthestressofmakingendsmeet.(如果你最終選擇一個你幾乎負擔不起的地方，你將承受維持收支平衡的壓力。)”指出，選擇擔不起的地方，將造成維持收支平衡的壓力，這件事情是需要避免的，因此該選項與后文形成因果關系。故選G項?！?8題詳解】下文“Doyouwanttobewithinwalkingdistancetowork?Doyouwanttobeclosetofriendsorfamily?Arerestaurantsandnightlifeimportanttoyou?There’salottoconsider.(你想在步行距離內(nèi)上班嗎？你想和朋友或家人親近嗎？餐廳和夜生活對你來說重要嗎？有很多事情需要考慮。)”指出，在選擇公寓是，要考慮其和公司，父母家以及朋友家等地的距離，這說的是位置的選擇。選項A“Decideyourdesiredlocation.(決定你想要的位置。)”也是籠統(tǒng)的指出要決定好公寓的位置，這符合語境，可作為小標題。故選A項?！?9題詳解】上文“Don’tmakethemistakeofrentingthefirstapartmentyousee!(不要犯租你看到的第一套公寓這樣的錯誤！)”指出，指出不要租你看到的第一套公寓，言外之意就是應該多家對比。選項C“Trytotouratleasttwoorthreeplacessoyoucancompare.(嘗試考察至少兩個或三個地方，以便進行比較。)”進一步解釋上文，要對比兩三個地方，因此與上文存在承接關系，符合語境。故選C項?！?0題詳解】上文“Youcandothisonyourownorinvitesomefriendstohelpyou.(你可以自己做，也可以邀請一些朋友來幫助你。)”指出，你可以邀請一些朋友來提出他們的建議。選項F“It’salwaysgoodtohavedifferentviews,andtheymightseesomethingyouoverlooked.(有不同的觀點總是好的，他們可能會看到你忽略的東西。)”指出，為什么要請朋友提建議的原因，與上文是因果關系，符合語境。故選F項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。Assheapproached97,GwenEricksonfromMinnesotabeganraisingoneofAmerica’smostpopular,yetendangered,butterflies—theMonarch.Lastyearthegrandmothermanagedtoraise27butterfliesandthisyearthe____21____hasgoneupto61.Whilesomemightsaythatnatureshouldbeleftto____22____itself,thebutterflies’populationis____23____rapidlyandisinneedofalittleextrahelp.____24____,thatloveanddevotionisexactlywhatthe97-year-oldisabletoprovideforherlittlewingedfriends.Thewholeprocessisalittle____25____,beginningwithcollectingeggsfromthemilkweedleavesthatgrowinherbackyard.FourdaysafterEricksonplacedtheeggsinjarsonherliving-roomtable,thecaterpillar(毛毛蟲)appeared,andthen.withinseveralweeks,formedachrysalis(蛹).Afortnightlaterthebeautifulbutterfly____26____.Ericksonthenreleasedthebutterfliesintothewild,butacoupleseemedalittle____27____toleavetheirlovinghomeand____28____theseniorbyflyingaroundthehouse.When____29____herfirstattempttoraisethebutterflies.Ericksonsaidshehopeditcouldenablehergrandchildrento____30____aninterestinthesebeautifulinsects.However,it’sherwhohasfoundthepleasureinraisingbutterfliesintheend.NormallyEricksondoesn’tliketotalkaboutherselfandwhatshedoes,butshedoesthistimeasshewantsto____31____otherstocareforthisendangeredspecies.Happilyafriendandhersonhavejoinedherinhernewfound____32____andhopefullywewillseea(n)____33____inthosedecreasingnumbers.Thisnew____34____,startedsolateinlife,isafineexampleofpeoplecaringforthesmallerthingsinlife.Anditremindsusthatit’snevertoolatetobe____35____inlife.21.A.number B.size C.type D.variety22.A.suit B.study C.feed D.sustain23.A.aging B.declining C.increasing D.moving24.A.Regretfully B.Hopefully C.Thankfully D.Unfortunately25.A.money-saving B.labour-demanding C.energy-efficient D.time-consuming26.A.spedup B.turnedup C.wokeup D.grewup27.A.impatient B.delighted C.nervous D.unwilling28.A.accompanied B.attended C.greeted D.followed29.A.evaluating B.analyzing C.recalling D.conducting30.A.revise B.develop C.keep D.express31.A.allow B.encourage C.persuade D.invite32.A.passion B.business C.dream D.world33.A.opportunity B.result C.change D.inspiration34.A.hobby B.habit C.routine D.exercise35.A.successful B.generous C.optimistic D.purposeful【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.D26.B27.D28.A29.C30.B31.B32.A33.C34.A35.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇記敘文。本文主要講述了年近百歲的老太太GwenErickson努力拯救瀕危的帝王蝶的故事。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：去年，這位奶奶成功地飼養(yǎng)了27只蝴蝶，今年的數(shù)量已經(jīng)增加到61只。A.number數(shù)字；B.size尺寸；C.type類型；D.variety種類。根據(jù)本空前的“raise27butterflies(養(yǎng)21只蝴蝶)”可知，此處是說蝴蝶的“數(shù)量”增加到了61只。故選A項?！?2題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然有些人可能會說，應該讓大自然自我維持，但蝴蝶的數(shù)量正在迅速下降，需要一點額外的幫助。A.suit適合；B.study學習；C.feed飼養(yǎng)；D.sustain維持。根據(jù)上文的nature可知，此處指大自然的自我“維持”。故選D項?！?3題詳解】考查動名詞詞義辨析。句意：同上。A.aging變老；B.declining下降；C.increasing增加；D.moving移動。根據(jù)上文“oneofAmerica’smostpopular，yetendangered，butterflies—theMonarch(美國最受歡迎但瀕臨滅絕的蝴蝶之一——帝王蝶)”可知，這種蝴蝶的數(shù)量正在迅速減少。故選B項?！?4題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：值得感激的是，這位97歲的老人正是能夠為她的小翅膀朋友們提供這種愛和奉獻。A.Regretfully遺憾地；B.Hopefully有希望地；C.Thankfully感激地；D.Unfortunately不幸地。根據(jù)下文“thatloveanddevotionisexactlywhatthe97-year-oldisabletoprovideforherlittlewingedfriends.(這種愛和奉獻正是97歲的她能夠為她的小翅膀朋友們提供的。)”可知，這是“值得感激的”故選C項?！?5題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：整個過程有點耗時，從她后院生長的馬利筋葉子上收集卵開始。A.money-saving省錢的；B.labour-demanding對勞動力要求高的；C.energy-efficient節(jié)能的；D.time-consuming耗時的。根據(jù)下文“beginningwithcollectingeggsfromthemilkweedleavesthatgrowinherbackyard.FourdaysafterEricksonplacedtheeggsinjarsonherliving-roomtable,thecaterpillar(毛毛蟲)appeared,andthen.withinseveralweeks,formedachrysalis(蛹).”可知，整個過程有點“耗時”。故選D項?！?6題詳解】考查短語辨析。句意：兩個星期后，美麗的蝴蝶出現(xiàn)了。A.spedup加速；B.turnedup出現(xiàn)；C.wokeup醒來；D.grewup成長。根據(jù)上文“FourdaysafterEricksonplacedtheeggsinjarsonherliving-roomtable,thecaterpillar(毛毛蟲)appeared,andthen.withinseveralweeks,formedachrysalis(蛹).(埃里克森把雞蛋放在她客廳桌子上的罐子里四天后，毛毛蟲出現(xiàn)了，然后。幾周內(nèi)，形成了蛹。)”可知，這里是指毛毛蟲最終破“蛹”而出，化為美麗的蝴蝶。turnup意為“出現(xiàn)”，符合語境。故選B項?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：然后埃里克森把蝴蝶放回野外，但有一對夫婦似乎有點不愿意離開他們愛的家，他們陪著老人在房子里飛來飛去。A.impatient不耐煩的；B.delighted高興的；C.nervous緊張的；D.unwilling不情愿的。根據(jù)下文的“byflyingaroundthehouse(繞著房子飛)”可知，在Erickson將她所養(yǎng)的帝王蝶放飛之后，有一些似乎有點“不愿意”離開。故選D項。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：同意。A.accompanied陪伴；B.attended參加；C.greeted歡迎；D.followed跟隨。根據(jù)下文的“byflyingaroundthehouse(繞著房子飛)”可知，那些不愿離開的帝王蝶一直繞著Erickson的房子飛舞，“陪伴”著它們的恩人。故選A項?！?9題詳解】考查動名詞詞詞義辨析。句意：回憶起她第一次飼養(yǎng)蝴蝶嘗試。A.evaluating評估；B.analyzing分析；C.recalling回憶；D.conducting實施。根據(jù)下文“herfirstattempttoraisethebutterflies(她第一次嘗試飼養(yǎng)蝴蝶)”可知，這里是指Erickson“回憶”她第一次試著去養(yǎng)帝王蝶時的情形。故選C項?！?0題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：埃里克森說，她希望這能讓她的孫輩對這些美麗的昆蟲產(chǎn)生興趣。A.revise修正；B.develop發(fā)展；C.keep保持；D.express表達。根據(jù)空后的“aninterestinthesebeautifulinsects”可推知，最初Erickson試著去養(yǎng)帝王蝶是希望她的孫輩們能夠?qū)@一美麗的物種“產(chǎn)生”興趣。故選B項?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：埃里克森通常不喜歡談論她自己和她所做的事情，但這次她這么做了，因為她想鼓勵其他人關心這種瀕危物種。A.allow允許；B.encourage鼓勵；C.persuade說服；D.invite邀請。根據(jù)下文“careforthisendangeredspecies(關心這個瀕臨滅絕的物種)”可知，此處是指她想“鼓勵”其他人關心這種瀕危物種。故選B項。【32題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：幸運的是，她的一個朋友和她的兒子加入了她新發(fā)現(xiàn)的熱情，