公路科技術(shù)語

英漢公路科技術(shù)語percentageofcoring!!巖心米取率undisturbedsample!!原狀土樣disturbedsample!!擾動土樣sitestabilityevaluation!場地穩(wěn)定性評價highwayadministration!!公路路政管理codenumberofhighwayroute!!公路路線編號nationalmaintrunkline!!國道主干線nationaltrunkhighway!!國家干線公路；簡稱“國道”。provincialtrunkhighway!!省干線公路；簡稱“省道”。countyhighway!!縣公路；簡稱“縣道”。townshiphighway!!鄉(xiāng)公路；簡稱“鄉(xiāng)道”。nationaldefencehighway!!國防公路right-of-way!!公路用地boundarylineofroadconstruction!!道路建筑限界highwayproperty!!路產(chǎn)maintenancedivision!!養(yǎng)路總段maintenancesection!!養(yǎng)路段maintenancegang!!養(yǎng)路道班opentotraffic!!開放交通；又稱“通車”。closetotraffic!!封閉交通trafficdispersion!!交通疏導(dǎo)bridgeloadlimit!橋梁限載passingbridgewithreducedspeed!!減速過橋maintenancecounterproposal!!養(yǎng)護(hù)對策tolladministration!!收費(fèi)管理highwaytrafficsupervision!!公路交通監(jiān)理highwayappurtenance!!公路附屬設(shè)施trafficsafetyfacilities!!交通安全設(shè)施highwayservicefacilities!!公路服務(wù)設(shè)施highwayboundaryframe!!公路限界架road!!道路highway!!公路urbanroad!!城市道路interurbanroad!!城間道路factoryandmineroad!!廠礦道路forestroad!!林區(qū)道路park-way!!風(fēng)景區(qū)道路ruralroad!!鄉(xiāng)村道路path!!小道bike-way,cycletrack!!自行車道cartroad!!畜力車道；又稱“大車道”。tractorroad!!機(jī)耕道bridlepath!!馱道elevatedroad!!高架道路trestleroadalongcliff!!^道straightroad[QinDynasty]!!直道；秦代名。royalroad[QinDynasty],ancientdriveway!!馳道；秦代名。postroad[TangDynasty]!驛道；唐代名。thesilkroad!![古]絲綢之路freeway!!高速公路；全部控制進(jìn)入設(shè)有中央分隔帶的汽車專用公路。firstclasshighway!!一級公路；部分控制進(jìn)入設(shè)有中央分隔帶的汽車專用公路。expressway,motorway!!汽車專用公路；全部或部分控制進(jìn)入專供汽車行駛的各等級公路的總稱，包括高速公路、一級公路和二級汽車專用公路。ordinaryhighway,mixedtraffichighway!!一般公路；供汽車和其它車輛混合行駛的二、三、四級公路的總稱。standardhighway,classifiedhighway!I等級公路substandardhighway!!等外公路temporaryroad!!便道radialhighway!!輻射式公路ringroad!!環(huán)形道路bypass!!繞行公路throughhighway!!過境公路cityapproachhighway!!城市出入口公路auxiliaryroad!!輔道collector-distributorroad!集散道路accommodationhighway!!專用公路trunkhighway,arterialhighway!干線公路branchhighway,feederhighway!支線公路localhighway!!地方公路tollhighway!!收費(fèi)公路pavedhighway!!有路面公路earthroad!!土路all-weatherhighway!!晴雨通車公路fine-weatherhighway!!晴通雨阻公路deadendhighway!!斷頭路linking-upline!!聯(lián)絡(luò)線route!!路線routedesign!!路線設(shè)計(jì)routealignment!!路線線形highwaygeometricdesign!!公路幾何設(shè)計(jì)routeselection!!選線alignmentelements!!線形要素controlpointofroute!!路線控制點(diǎn)routecontinuity!!路線連續(xù)性alignmentcoordination!!線形協(xié)調(diào)routecomputeraideddesign!!路線計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)highwayperspectiveview!!公路透視圖perspectiveexamination!!透視圖檢驗(yàn)routethree-dimensionalspacedesign!!路線三維空間設(shè)計(jì)routeoptimumdesign!!路線優(yōu)化設(shè)計(jì)plansketch!!平面示意圖highwayfunctionaldesign!!公路功能設(shè)計(jì)highwayestheticdesign!!公路美學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)highwaylandscapedesign!!公路景觀設(shè)計(jì)valleyline!!沿溪線ridgeline!!山脊線hillsideline!!山坡線ridgecrossingline!!越嶺線alternativeline!!比較線routedevelopment!!展線linelocation!!定線fieldlocation!!野外定線paperlocation!!紙上定線massdiagram!!土方累積圖cut-filltransitiondiagram!!土方調(diào)配圖horizontalalignment!!平面線形straightline!!直線horizontalcurve!!平曲線minimumradiusofhorizontalcurve!!平曲線最小半徑ultimateminimumradiusofhorizontalcurve!!平曲線極限最小半徑minimumturningradius!!［汽車］最小轉(zhuǎn)彎半徑minimumlengthofhorizontalcurve!!平曲線最小長度lateralcleardistanceofhorizontalcurve!!平曲線橫凈距circularcurve!!圓曲線compoundcurve!!復(fù)曲線samedirectionadjacentcurve!!同向曲線reversecurve!!反向曲線brokenbackcurve!!斷背曲線switchbackcurve,reverseloop!!回頭曲線hairpincurve!!發(fā)針形曲線tangentlength!!切線長curvelength!!曲線長externaldistance!!外距transitioncurve!!緩和曲線clothoid!!回旋線spiralcurve!!螺旋線McConnell'scurve!!麥康奈爾螺旋線pointofcurve,PC!!直圓點(diǎn)pointoftangent,PT!!圓直點(diǎn)pointoftangenttospiral,TS!!直緩點(diǎn)pointofspiraltocurve,SC!!緩圓點(diǎn)pointofcurvetospiral,CS!!圓緩點(diǎn)pointofspiraltotangent,ST!!緩直點(diǎn)pointofcompoundcurve,PCC!!復(fù)曲線點(diǎn)midpointofcurve,MC!!曲線中點(diǎn)sightline!!視線blindcurve!!視線不良彎道sightdistance!!視距stoppingsightdistance!!停車視距overtakingsightdistance!!超車視距sightobstruction!!視線障礙物verticalalignment!!縱面線形profile!!縱斷面longitudinalgradient!!縱坡gradecompensation!!縱坡折減transitionalgrade!!緩和坡段averagegradient!!平均縱坡lossingrade!!坡度損失gradelengthlimit!!坡長限制resultantgradient!!合成坡度gradechangepoint!!變坡點(diǎn)verticalcurve!!豎曲線minimumlengthofverticalcurve!!豎曲線最小長度convexverticalcurve!!凸形豎曲線concaveverticalcurve!!凹形豎曲線crosssection!!橫斷面clearance!!凈空verticalclearance!!凈高h(yuǎn)orizontalclearance!!凈寬cutandfillsection!!半填半挖斷面benchedsection!!臺口式斷面fullcutsection!!全挖式斷面zerosection!!零斷面curvewidening!!平曲線加寬transitionzoneofcurvewidening!!加寬緩和段transitionzoneofcrosssection!!斷面漸變段crown!!路拱crowncurve!!路拱曲線crownslope,crossfall!!路拱橫坡superelevation!!超高superelevationslope!超高橫坡度maximumsuperelevationrate!最大超高率superelevationrun-off!超高緩和段shoulder,verge!路肩earthshoulder!!土路肩hardshoulder!!硬路肩separator!!分隔帶outerseparator!!外側(cè)分隔帶median!!中間帶medianseparator!!中央分隔帶medianopening!!中央分隔帶開口marginalstrip!!路緣帶curb!!［路］緣石flushcurb!!平緣石verticalcurb!!立緣石barriercurb!!欄式緣石lipcurb!!緩坡緣石greenbelt!!綠化帶lateralclearance!側(cè)向余寬roadway!!路幅lane!!車道carriageway!!車行道；又稱“行車道”。dividedcarriageway!!分隔式車行道dualcarriageway!!雙幅車行道singlelane!!單車道duallane!!雙車道m(xù)ulti-lane!!多車道one-wayroad!!單行路two-wayroad!!雙向路turninglane!!轉(zhuǎn)彎車道speedchangelane!!變速車道accelerationlane!!加速車道decelerationlane!!減速車道climbinglane!!爬坡車道passingbay!!錯車道parkinglane!!停車車道emergencyparkingstrip!!應(yīng)急停車帶fastlane!!內(nèi)側(cè)車道；又稱“快車道”。centerlane!!中間車道near-sidelane!!夕卜側(cè)車道auxiliarylane!!附加車道；又稱“輔助車道”。reversiblelane!!可變向車道overtakinglane,passinglane!!超車車道accommodationlane!!專用車道turnaroundloop!!回車道parkingbay!!港灣式停車處parkingarea,parking!!停車場busstation!!公共汽車站busterminal!!公共汽車終點(diǎn)站loadingisland!!乘車安全島restarea!!休息區(qū)servicearea!!服務(wù)區(qū)recreationarea!!休息娛樂區(qū)sightseeingstand!!觀景臺mileagepost!!里程標(biāo)milestone,kilometerstone!!里程碑bikelane!!自行車車道highwayintersection!!公路交叉intersection,crossing,junction!!［平面］交叉口intersectionangle!!交叉角at-gradeintersection!!平面交叉right-angledintersection!!正交叉skewintersection!!斜交叉crossroad!!十字形交叉T-intersection!l丁字形交叉Y-intersection!!Y形交叉staggeredintersection,off-setintersection!!錯位交叉roundabout,rotaryintersection!!環(huán)形交叉channelizedintersection!!渠化交叉口flaredintersection!!拓寬路口式交叉口intersectionwithwidenedcorners!!加寬轉(zhuǎn)角式交叉口taperedsection!!漸變段gorearea!!分道角區(qū)sightdistanceofintersection!!交叉口視距;又稱“路口視距”。sighttriangle!!視距三角形signalizedcrossing!!信號控制交叉口non-signalizedcrossing!!無信號交叉口trafficisland!I交通島channelizationisland!!導(dǎo)流島centerisland!!中心島refugeisland!!安全島approachnose!!路島端；又稱“接近端”。mergingend!!匯合端；又稱“合流端”。gradeseparation!!立體交叉；簡稱“立交”。gradeseparationwithoutramps!!分離式立交；又稱“非互通式立交”。overpass!!上跨式立交underpass!!下穿式立交interchange!!互通式立交multi-levelinterchange!!多層立交clover-leafinterchange!苜蓿葉形立交partialclover-leafinterchange!半苜蓿葉形立交diamondinterchange!!菱形立交directionalinterchange!!定向式立交semi-directionalinterchange!!半定向式立交trumpetinterchange,3-leginterchange!!喇叭形立交rotaryinterchange!!環(huán)形立交fullcontrolofaccess!!全部控制進(jìn)入；曾用名“全封閉”。partialcontrolofaccess!!部分控制進(jìn)入；曾用名“半封閉”。ramp!!匝道entranceramp!!駛?cè)朐训纄xitramp!!駛出匝道one-wayramp!!單向匝道two-wayramp!!雙向匝道leftturnramp!!左轉(zhuǎn)彎匝道rightturnramp!!右轉(zhuǎn)彎匝道loopramp!!環(huán)形匝道railwaycrossing!!鐵路平交道口highway-railwaygradeseparation!!公路鐵路立交subgrade!!路基subgradeengineering!!路基工程embankment!!路堤permeableembankment!!透水路堤cutting!!路塹benchedsubgrade!!臺口式路基halftunnel!!半山洞separatedsubgrade!!分離式路基approach!!引道sideslope!!邊坡topofslope!!坡頂toeofslope!!坡腳slopeprotection!!護(hù)坡berm!!護(hù)坡道loadingberm!!反壓護(hù)道guardwall!!護(hù)墻plainstageofslope!!邊坡平臺stageforheapingdebris!!碎落臺retainingwall!!擋土墻walltoe!!墻趾wallheel!!墻踵gravityretainingwall!!重力式擋土墻balanceweightretainingwall!!W重式擋土墻cantileverretainingwall!!懸臂式擋土墻counterfortretainingwall!!扶臂式擋土墻pile-plankretainingwall!!柱板式擋土墻tierodanchoredretainingwall!!錨桿式擋土墻anchoredbulkheadretainingwall!!錨錠板式擋土墻reinforcedearthretainingwall!!加筋土擋土墻topretainingwall!!上擋墻lowerretainingwall!!下?lián)鯄ubgradestability!!路基穩(wěn)定性subgradestrength!!路基強(qiáng)度subsoilbearingcapacity!!土基承載能力designelevationofsubgrade!!路基設(shè)計(jì)高程minimumheightoffill!!最小填土高度subgrademoisturecontent!!路基含水量criticalheightofsubgrade!!路基臨界高度subgradeprotection!!路基防護(hù)subgradestrengthening!!路基加固earthwork!!土方［工程］fill!!填方cut,excavation!!挖方borrowearth!!借土waste!!棄土borrowpit!!取土坑wastebank!!棄土堆backfill!!回填土replacementofearth!!換土compaction!!壓實(shí)degreeofcompaction!!壓實(shí)度compactingfactor!!壓實(shí)系數(shù)tampingll夯實(shí)heavytampingmethod!!重錘夯實(shí)法rolling!!碾壓vibratingcompaction!!振動壓實(shí)effectiverollingdepth!有效碾壓深度linearpressure!!線壓力rollingspeed!!碾壓速度compactionenergy!!壓實(shí)能量looselayingdepth!!松鋪厚度compactiondepth!!壓實(shí)厚度coefficientoflooselaying!!松鋪系數(shù)reservesettlement!!預(yù)留沉落量naturalsubsoil!!天然地基consolidatedsubsoil!!加固地基softground!!軟弱地基consolidation!!固結(jié)dynamicconsolidationmethod!!動力固結(jié)法preloadingmethod!!預(yù)壓法sandbagwell!!袋裝砂井sheetdrainage!!排水板法drainagesandmat!!排水砂墊層surchargepreloading!!超載預(yù)壓sandpile!!砂樁limepile!!石灰樁sandwell!!砂井rockblasting!!石方爆破blastingoperation!!爆破作業(yè)blastingcrater!!爆破漏斗throwingblasting!拋擲爆破looseningblasting!松動爆破milliseco