2021-2022學年新教材高中英語UNIT2THEUNIVERSALLANGUAGES3課后練習含解析譯林版選擇性必修第一冊

Unit2TheUniversalLanguageS3Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1.Hehasn'tthecouragetogoagainstthe__________(流動)ofpublicopinion.2.Allhumanbeings__________(擁有)abodyclock.3.AllofthismakestheactionsofthehomelessTomSmithevenmore__________(引人注目的)．(2018·北京)4.Itsoundscrazytotalkaboutguilt-freefur—unlessyouunderstandthatthenutriaaredestroying__________(遼闊的)wetlandseveryyear.(2020·全國Ⅱ)5.Theartist's__________(名聲)hadmadehimproud.(2020·全國Ⅲ)6.Ialsobegantofindsomethingelse,acollectionofscientists,usually__________(聰穎的),occasionallyhalf-mad,whomadethediscoveries.7.InDallas,onedollarinvestedinartscouldharvestan__________(意想不到的)returnofnearly$300.(2018·江蘇)8.Idoknowhow__________(難過的)theshopstaffcanget,butItrytopersuadethemtokeepsmiling.(2020·全國Ⅲ)9.Surroundyourselfwith__________(鼓舞人心的)individualswhochallengeyoutobebetter.10.Mostpeopledon't;thereareonlyafew__________(天才).(2020·天津)【答案】1.stream2.possess3.remarkable4.vast5.reputation6.brilliant7．extraordinary8.upset9.uplifting10.geniusesⅡ.單句語法填空1.Thepolicefoundthelosttreasureinan__________(abandon)well.2.Mr.Liwas__________(enthusiasm)aboutpoliticswhenhewasincollege.3.FrankHurley,aconfidentand__________(gift)AustralianphotographerwhoknewtheAntarctic,washiredtomaketheimages.4.Whomadethemostaccurate__________(predict)oftheirfuturelifesatisfaction?5.Lonelinessisaserioussocialproblemthatcancontributeto__________(depress)andevencrimes.(2020·天津)6.RightafterErintook__________(possess)ofmywalletonthebus，shepostedapictureofmydriver'slicencetoanonlineforum(論壇)，tryingtoseeifanyoneknewme.(2019·天津)7.Iran__________(desperate)butfailedtocatchup.(2020·浙江7月)8.Thetechnologyrecordsanactor's__________(perform)andlaterprocessesitwithcomputergraphicstocreateafinalimage(圖像).(2020·全國Ⅲ)9.Theyexercisedona__________(complete)emptystomachafteralongovernightfast(禁食).10.Understandinghergoodintentions,IeatallthefoodthatisprovidedbyMumwith__________(appreciate).(2020·全國Ⅲ)【答案】1.pletely10.appreciationⅢ.用合適的介詞或副詞填空1.Nowquiteafewmiddleschoolstudentsabandonthemselves__________Internetgamesanddelaytheirschooling.2.Anyonefound__________possessionofthisdrugwillbepunishedimmediately.3.Seeingthatnobodywasveryenthusiastic__________it,theydecidedtocancelthetrip.4.All__________asudden,awarmfeelingofsympathyroseupinmyheart.5.Theymighthavesolvedtheproblem__________ease.6.Acrowd__________onlookersgatheredatthesceneofthecrash.7.WhenIraisedthecurtains,daylightstreamed__________theroom.8.Shehadn'treadtheletterandsowasunaware__________itscontents.9.Thecompanyalsomakespredictions__________themarketoutlook.10.Thekindoldladyofferedtotake__________thepoorhomelessstranger.【答案】1.o8.of9.about10.inⅣ.完成句子1.我們到達時，會議已開始十多分鐘了。Bythetimewearrived,themeeting________________forovertenminutes.2.彼得原本打算在商界工作，但2020年在加拿大經(jīng)歷了不愉快的經(jīng)歷后，他放棄了這個計劃。Peter______________________ajobinbusiness，butabandonedthatplanaftertheunpleasantexperienceinCanadain2020.3.我媽媽總是告訴我們，覆水難收。Mymotheralwaystoldus____________________overspiltmilk.4.公眾學習一項新技術(shù)需要時間。It__________________________________________anewtechnology.5.出于好奇，這個女孩迫不及待地打開信封。Outofcuriosity,thegirl____________________theenvelope.【答案】1.hadbeenon2.hadintendedtotake3.itisnousecrying4.takestimeforthepublictolearnabout5.can'twaittoopenⅤ.閱讀理解AIn1947agroupoffamouspeoplefromtheartworldheadedbyanAustrianconductordecidedtoholdaninternationalfestivalofmusic，danceandtheatreinEdinburgh.TheideawastoreuniteEuropeaftertheSecondWorldWar.Atthesametime,the“Fringe”appearedasachallengetotheofficialfestival.Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947，inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform，andtheydidsoinapublichousedisusedforyears.Soon，groupsofstudentsfirstlyfromEdinburghUniversity,andlaterfromtheuniversitiesofOxfordandCambridge，DurhamandBirminghamweremakingthejourneytotheScottishcapitaleachsummertoperformtheatrebylittle-knownwritersofplaysinsmallchurchhallstothepeopleofEdinburgh.Todaythe“Fringe”，oncelessrecognized,hasfaroutgrownthefestivalwitharound1，500performancesoftheatre，musicanddanceoneveryoneofthe21daysitlasts.Andyetasearlyas1959，withonly19theatregroupsperforming，somesaiditwasgettingtoobig.Apaidadministratorwasfirstemployedonlyin1971,andtodaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1，695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries.Morethan1，25millionticketsweresold.1.WhydidsomeuninvitedtheatregroupscometoEdinburghin1947?A.Theyownedapublichousethere.B.Theycametotakeupachallenge.C.Theythoughttheywerealsofamous.D.Theywantedtotakepartinthefestival.2.Whojoinedthe“Fringe”afteritappeared?A.Theyownedapublichousethere.B.Universitystudents.C.Artistsfromaroundtheworld.D.Performersofmusicanddance.3.WemaylearnfromthetextthatEdinburghFestival________.A.hasbecomeanon-officialeventB.hasgonebeyondanartfestivalC.givesshowsallyearroundD.keepsgrowingrapidly【答案及解析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹愛丁堡音樂節(jié)的形成和發(fā)展。文章按照時間順序，從創(chuàng)設(shè)目的、參與群體、發(fā)展規(guī)模等方面進行了簡要而準確的敘述，回顧了愛丁堡音樂節(jié)的發(fā)展歷程。1．D細節(jié)理解題。由第二段中的Eighttheatregroupsturnedupuninvitedin1947,inthebeliefthateveryoneshouldhavetherighttoperform可知，他們認為每個人都有表演的權(quán)力，他們想要參加節(jié)日。故選D。2．B細節(jié)理解題。由第三段內(nèi)容可知，一批批學生首先來自愛丁堡大學，后來來自牛津大學、劍橋大學等都加入了，所以是大學生。故選B。3．D推理判斷題。由最后一段中的todaythereareeightadministratorsworkingallyearroundandthenumberrisesto150duringAugustitself.In2004therewere200placeshousing1，695showsbyover600differentgroupsfrom50differentcountries可知，它發(fā)展得非?？?。故選D。B(2020·山東省青島市高二下學期調(diào)研考試)VijayGuptaisknowntoclassicalmusicloversacrosstheUnitedStates.HeservesasfirstviolinistfortheLosAngelesPhilharmonic.Inthatjob,heoftenplaystolargecrowds,includingmanyveryrichpeople.Whenheisnotperforming,heorganizesconcertsforhomelesspeople.“TheyhaveremindedmewhyIbecameamusician，”hesaid.Lastweek,GuptawasrecognizedforbeingafounderandtheartisticdirectorofStreetSymphony.Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.Guptaisamongthe25winnersofthe2018MacArthurFellowship,commonlyknownasthe“geniusgrant(撥款)”.Eachwinnerwillreceive$625，000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.Themoneyiscomingfromaprivategroup,theJohnD.andKatherineT.MacArthurFoundation.Itawardsgrantstopeoplewhoseworkitconsidersexceptionalandthat“inspireshopeinusall”.GuptasaidhegottheideaforStreetSymphonywhileteachingNathanielAyers,atrainedmusicianwhosementalillnessledtohomelessness.The31-year-oldgrantwinnersaidhedoesnotknowyethowhewillspendthemoney.Hehasbeenaperformersinceagesevenandtheawardwillgivehim“spacetobreathe,planandlookahead”．AnotherwinnerisRebeccaSandefur,anassociateprofessorofsociologyandlawintheUniversityofIllinois.TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoorcommunitiesintheUSjusticesystem.47-year-oldSandefurcreatedthefirstnationalmappingofcivillegalaidproviders.Itshowswhichstateshadthefinancialresourcestoprovidesuchaidandwhichdidnot.Shealsofoundthatthecostoflegalservicesisonlyoneofthethingspreventingpoorpeoplefromgettinglawyers.Amongtheothersarefearsaboutunfairnessinthelegalsystem.Sandefurnotedthatalotofattentionhasbeenpaidtoproblemswiththecriminaljusticesystem,butmoreattentionmustbepaidtothecivilsideofthelaw,whichalsoaffectsmillionsofpeople.4.WhydidGuptawintheaward?A.Forperformingforlargecrowds.B.ForthefriendshipwithNathanielAyers.C.Forhisachievementsinclassicalmusic.D.Fororganizingagroupplayingforthehomeless.5.WhatdoweknowaboutMacArthurFellowship?A.Itisfoundedbythegovernment.B.Itoffers$625，000to25winnersin2018.C.Itallowsthewinnerstousethemoneyfreely.D.Itawardspeoplewhomakegreatcontributionstosociety.6.WhatwastheextraordinarythingthatSandefiirdid?A.Shemadethelegalsystemfairer.B.Sheofferedlegalaidstothepoorfreely.C.Shemadeiteasiertogetlegalhelpforthepoor.D.Shepaidmoreattentiontothecriminaljusticesystem.7.Whichcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.Grantswinners,inspiringthepoorB.Thecityhomeless,inneedofhelpC.VijayGupta,anextraordinaryviolinistD.MacArthurFoundation,awardingexceptionalwork【答案及解析】本文是一篇記敘文，主要講述了美國兩位麥克阿瑟獎學金的獲獎?wù)逩upta和Sandefiir分別通過為流浪者演奏音樂和為窮人爭取法律援助而激勵窮人的故事。4．D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Thegrouphasperformedathomelessshelters,jailsandhalfwayhousesforabouteightyears.可知，Gupta獲得該獎是因為他組織的街道交響樂團為流浪者演奏音樂，故D項正確。5．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Eachwinnerwillreceive$625，000overfiveyearstouseastheywish.可知，獲獎?wù)邔⒃谖迥陜?nèi)獲得625，000美元的獎金，供其隨意使用，故C項正確。6．C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的TheAssociatedPresssaysherresearchactivelysupportsnewwaystoinvolvepoorcommunitiesintheUSjusticesystem.可知，美聯(lián)社稱，Sandefiir的研究為貧困地區(qū)參與美國司法系統(tǒng)提供了新途徑，由此可知，Sandefiir使窮人更容易獲得法律援助，故C項正確。7．A標題歸納題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述了美國兩位麥克阿瑟獎學金的獲獎?wù)逩upta和Sandefiir分別通過為流浪者演奏音樂和為窮人爭取法律援助而激勵窮人的故事，故A項正確。Ⅵ.完形填空(2020·山東省濟南市萊蕪高二月考)Whenthe28-year-oldfarmerUretamet17-year-oldGracielainhishometownPampa,theyfellinlove.Twoyearslater,they__1__andsettleddown(定居)onthefarmwhereUretahadbeenbroughtup.Gracielahadmanybig__2__forthefarminhermind.Onedaywhenshewasona__3__overPampa,Gracielasuddenly__4__thatanotherfarmlookedlikeamilkingpail(桶).Gracielathoughtherfamilycouldcreatesomethingevenmore__5__ontheirownfarm—ahugeforest__6__likeherfavoritemusicalinstrument—theguitar.ButUretadidn'ttakehiswife's__7__seriously,saying,“We'lltalkaboutitlater.”Later__8__came.In1977,Gracieladiedsuddenlyofbraincanceratthe__9__ageof25whilecarryingtheirfifthchild.Afterhiswife'sdeath,Mr.Ureta__10__notsatisfyingherwish.Afewyearslater,Uretadecidedthatthebestwaytohonorhiswifewouldbeto__11__thebigworkofart.Afterthelocalgovernment__12__tohelpwiththeproject,Uretaandhischildrentookitontheirown.Onebyone,they__13__about7，000treesintothe“shapeofaguitar”.Ittookafewseasonsforthetreestotakeroots(生根),butUreta's__14__paidoff.WatchingtheforestgrowovertheyearsgaveGraciela'schildren__15__.“Itwastheclosestthingpossibletohavingmymotheralive，”MariaJulia,Ureta'sseconddaughter,said.1.A.gotpreparedB.gotmarriedC.becamewell-knownD.becamestressed2.A.testsB.tasksC.reasonsD.plans3.A.trainB.flightC.cloudD.bridge4.A.noticedB.rememberedC.recognizedD.expected5.A.expensiveB.funnyC.attractiveD.important6.A.treatedB.describedC.consideredD.shaped7.A.styleB.personalityC.ideaD.adventure8.A.hardlyB.neverC.stillD.always9.A.youngB.oldC.commonD.special10.A.keptB.suggestedC.enjoyedD.regretted11.A.copyB.paintC.createD.change12.A.promisedB.decidedC.volunteeredD.refused13.A.plantedB.carriedC.putD.collected14.A.smalldreamB.hardworkC.bigsuccessD.privatemoney15.A.pleasureB.comfortC.supportD.care【答案及解析】本文是一篇記敘文。主要記敘了Ureta在妻子Graciela死后，為了實現(xiàn)妻子生前的愿望，種植了7000棵樹并塑造成一個吉他的形狀，以此來紀念妻子，森林也給了孩子們安慰。1．B句意：兩年后，他們結(jié)婚了，在Ureta長大的農(nóng)場里定居下來。A.gotprepared準備好；B.gotmarried結(jié)婚；C.becamewell-known變得出名；D.becamestressed變得緊張。結(jié)合上文theyfellinlove可知，他們相愛兩年后結(jié)婚了。故選B。2．D句意：Graciela心中有許多關(guān)于農(nóng)場的宏偉計劃。A.tests測試；B.tasks任務(wù)；C.reasons理由；D.plans計劃。結(jié)合下文forthefarminhermind可知，Graciela心中有許多關(guān)于農(nóng)場的計劃。故選D。3．B句意：一天，當Graciela乘飛機飛越Pampa時，她突然注意到另一個農(nóng)場看起來像一個擠奶桶。A.train火車；B.flight航班；C.cloud云；D.bridge橋梁。根據(jù)下文thatanotherfarmlookedlikeamilkingpail可推知，是在空中看到一個農(nóng)場看起來像一個擠奶桶，可推測是在乘飛機的時候。故選B。4．A句意同上。A.noticed注意到；B.remembered記??；C.recognized辨認；D.expected期待。根據(jù)下文thatanotherfarmlookedlikeamilkingpail可知，Graciela注意到一個農(nóng)場的形狀看起來像一樣擠奶桶。故選A。5．C句意：Graciela認為她的家人可以在自己的農(nóng)場里創(chuàng)造出更有吸引力的東西——一大片森林，形狀就像她最喜歡的樂器——吉他。A.expensive昂貴的；B.funny有趣的；C.attractive有吸引力的；D.important重要的。結(jié)合下文likeherfavoritemusicalinstrument—theguitar可知，她認為她的家人可以在自己的農(nóng)場里創(chuàng)造出更有吸引力的東西，形狀就像一個吉他。故選C。6．D句意同上。A.treated對待；B.described描述；C.considered考慮；D.shaped成形。結(jié)合下文likeherfavoritemusicalinstrument—theguitar可知是形狀像喜歡的樂器吉他。故選D。7．C句意：但是Ureta并沒有把他妻子的想法當回事，他說：“我們以后再談吧?！盇.style風格；B.personality個性；C.idea想法；D.adventure冒險。結(jié)合下文We'lltalkaboutitlater.可知，Ureta并沒有把他妻子的想法當回事。故選C。8．B句意：后來再也沒到來。A.hardly幾乎不；B.never從不；C.still仍然；D.always總是。根據(jù)下文In1977,Gracieladiedsuddenlyofbraincancer可知，Ureta說的“以后再談”因為Graciela的突然去世再也沒有來到。故選B。9．A句意：1977年，25歲的Graciela在懷第五個孩子時突然死于腦癌。A.young年輕的；B.old老的；C.common共同的；D.special特別的。根據(jù)下文ageof25可知，Graciela死時只有25歲，還很年輕。故選A。10．D句意：妻子死后，Ureta先生后悔沒有滿足她的愿望。A.kept保持；B.suggested建議；C.enjoyed享受；D.regretted后悔。結(jié)合后文notsatisfyingherwish可知Ureta先生后悔沒有滿足妻子的愿望。故選D。11．C句意：幾年后，Ureta決定，紀念他妻子的最好方式就是創(chuàng)作這件偉大的藝術(shù)品。A.copy復制；B.paint繪畫；C.create創(chuàng)造；D.change改變。結(jié)合后文Ureta為了紀念妻子，于是實現(xiàn)了當初妻子的愿望創(chuàng)造出了“吉他形狀”的森林。故選C。12．D句意：在當?shù)卣芙^資助這個項目后，Ureta和他的孩子們自己承擔了這個項目。A.promised承諾；B.decided決定；C.volunteered志愿；D.refused拒絕。結(jié)合后文Uretaandhischildrentookitontheirown可知，政府拒絕資助這個項目。故選D。13．A句意：他們一棵接一棵地種下了大約7000棵樹，種成“吉他形狀”。A.planted種植；B.carried搬運；C.put放置；D.collected收集。結(jié)合后文about7，000trees可知，是種植了7000棵樹。故選A。14．B句意：這些樹花了幾個季節(jié)才生根，但Ureta的努力得到了回報。A.smalldream小夢想；B.hardwork努力工作；C.bigsuccess巨大成功；D.privatemoney私人資金。結(jié)合上文about7，000treesintothe“shapeofaguitar”.Ittookafewseasonsforthetreestotakeroots,but…可知，Ureta為此付出了巨大的努力，他的努力最終也得到了回報。故選B。15．B句意：看著森林年復一年地生長，Graciela的孩子們得到了安慰。A.pleasure快樂；B.comfort安慰；C.support支持；D.care關(guān)心。結(jié)合后文“Itwastheclosestthingpossibletohavingmymotheralive，”MariaJulia,Ureta'sseconddaughter,said.可知，森林使得Graciela的孩子們也得到了安慰。故選B。Ⅶ.語法填空Sixyearsearlier,freshfromcollege,Ihadjoinedadramaticproducingcompany.AndthenIhadbeengoingintosmalltownsandruralcommunities1.__________(produce)country-stylemusicalcomedies.Butnow,inthesummerof1940,thecountrywasina2.__________(depress).Radiohadchangedpeople'stastes,andpart-time3.__________(show)weren'tallthatbig4.__________more.So,joblessandwithnothingelseinsight,I5.__________(go)backhome.Tobringsomemoneyintothehouse,I6.__________(final)gotajobasarecreation-roomdirector.Itpaid$50amonth,forwhichIwasgrateful,butitsurewasadulljob.Ifeltso7.__________(frustrate)inmyplantobeadramaticstar.Restlessanddissatisfied8.__________Iwas,itwasnice,inaway,tobebackhome.Itriedtorelievethedullnessofmyjobbyteachingsomeofthetown'schildrenmusicanddrama.AndwhenIgotachance,I'dtrymyluckas9.__________performermyself.I'ddressupasarangy(四肢瘦長的)countrygirlandtelllittlestoriesandjokesthatIhadpickedupduring10.__________(I)yearswiththeproductioncompany,livingaroundcountryfolks.Igavethiscountrygirlaname—MinniePearl.【答案及解析】本文是一篇記敘文。談到了一個大學畢業(yè)的女孩在經(jīng)濟蕭條期間工作的經(jīng)歷。1．producing考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處與句子的主語I構(gòu)成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。2．depression考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。根據(jù)冠詞a可知填名詞。3．shows考查名詞復數(shù)。名詞作主語，且沒有不定冠詞，故填名詞復數(shù)。4．a(chǎn)ny考查固定搭配。構(gòu)成not…anymore“不再”的句型。5．went考查動詞的時態(tài)。本文講的是過去發(fā)生的事，故應(yīng)用一般過去時。6．finally考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。用副詞修飾動詞。7．frustrated考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處是形容詞用作felt的表語，表示“感到沮喪的”。8．though/as考查連詞。引導讓步狀語從句，注意倒裝的用法。9．a(chǎn)考查冠詞。此處為泛指，用不定冠詞。10．my考查代詞。形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞years。Ⅷ.閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要Everyonehastheinbornabilitytounderstandandenjoymusic.Therearemanytheoriesastowhythisis,butithasbecomeapartofhumanbeings.Sincethebeginning,humanshaveexpressedthemselvesthroughmusic.Simpletribalrhythmsevolvedintomanytypesofmorecomplexmusic,includingclassical,rock,jazz,andR&B.Whilethestylesbetweenthesemanytypesofmusicmayvary,everyoneisabletounderstandandrelatetothem.Whataretheessentialpartsofalanguage?Everylanguageusesvocabulary,orasetofwords,tocreatesentencesthatconveymessages.Thetoneandstyleofthesentencesconveydifferentfeelingsoremotions.Musicisexactlythesameway.Twelvetones,ornotes,arecombinedtocreatephrasesthatalsoconveyemotion.Musiccanevenbewritten,likemostotherlanguages.Conversationseventakeplaceinmusic.Twosaxophonistscanplaymelodiesbackandforth,expressingdifferentstylesandfeelings,buildingoffofeachother,respondingtoeachother.Musicchangesovertheyearslikeotherlanguages.MostpeoplewhospeakfluentEnglishcannotreadoneofShakespeare'splaysbecausethelanguagehaschangedsomuch.Musicisalsoaffectedbytime,andoveralongperiod,manynewtypesofmusicandinstrumentshaveemergedtocreatedifferentsoundsandconveydifferentmessages.Therearesom