非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞學(xué)案(很全面)

現(xiàn)在分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞基本念及用法現(xiàn)在分詞

Hehisfathertalkingwithhis一、

動(dòng)詞不定式to

現(xiàn)在分詞

過(guò)去分詞

IonceheardhimthisThinkingthesebridgebebuilt將建造的橋,beingbuilt正在建造的橋,bridgebuilt經(jīng)建好的橋二、謂語(yǔ)與非謂語(yǔ)的比較非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是漢語(yǔ)中沒(méi)有的語(yǔ)現(xiàn)象。漢語(yǔ)中幾個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞連用動(dòng)詞不用作任何形式的變化。如：他明天拜訪你。翻譯成英語(yǔ)不是Hewillvisityou，而是willvisityou.這里就用了不定式to因此同學(xué)們要特別注意弄清句子的結(jié)構(gòu)。例：satunderaseeinginnotostandB.standingC.stoodD.would分析：stood是與并列的謂語(yǔ)。

bossthemworkfromtillTheymadetofrommorningtillnight.situationlookeddisappointed.Theyinafacing(=thatsouth.housestandingthatstands)atcornerofthestreetbuiltin1955.bookrecommendedourteacher?meetinglastweekveryimportant.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)法功能所能充當(dāng)?shù)某煞种髡Z(yǔ)

表語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)

賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)

定語(yǔ)

狀語(yǔ)

meetingbeingheldisverymeetingtobenextweekveryV-ing式

△△△△動(dòng)名詞△△△△

非謂

tellmesubjectstobeatnext構(gòu)成不定式（do）

△△

△△

△

△

語(yǔ)形式

時(shí)態(tài)

主動(dòng)

語(yǔ)態(tài)

被動(dòng)

復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)

否定式過(guò)去分詞(done)△Exercise：找出“非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)判斷作何成分

△

△

△

不定式

一般式進(jìn)行式完成式

totohavetodoing

todonetohavebeen/

forsb.todosth.或ofsb.todo

在“to”前加或neverToseeistoSeeingbelieving.ItisnotantoaMysuggestiontoworkatonce.Theyitimpossibletoeverythingintime.youanythingHeboughtabicycletototown

動(dòng)名詞現(xiàn)在分詞

完成進(jìn)行式一般式完成式

tohave/doingdoingbeinghavinghavingdone與動(dòng)名詞變化形式相同

sth.sb.或’sdoing作主語(yǔ)要用sb’sdoing

在前加特別注意復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)的否定式：sb’snotdoingsb’snothaving在前加Didyouseeanyonethehouse?

做賓語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞比較文檔

情況只接不定式做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞只接動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞或短語(yǔ)

常用動(dòng)詞offer,long,fail,wish,decide,pretend,manage,agree,afford,determine,enjoy,practise,suggest,finish,appreciate,admit,dislike,feellike,in,fondof,objectto,getdownto,bein,on,thinkbeproudtakein,about,afraidof,betireddevoteto,beworth,beattentionto,sticktobegin,continue（接不定式多指具體的動(dòng)

offoryoungWalkingToD.answercorrectlythatfinishquicklyB.finishingquicklyC.quicklyfinishquickly答案BC考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞的完成式般不做主1)Itcostlotoftimeheoughtspenton（D為么行？）toB.playedplayed2)________homeworkhis（但復(fù)結(jié)可以A.boy’snothavingdoneB.nothavingdone兩者都可以

意義基本相同意義相反意義不同

作，接動(dòng)名詞多指一般或習(xí)慣為）need,want,require（主與動(dòng)名詞之間存在邏輯上的賓關(guān)系，接動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)意義若接不定式則應(yīng)用被動(dòng)形式）to停止手中所做的事，去做另件事doing停止正在做的事remember/forget/regretto指goonto（接著做另外一件事）動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）goon（接著做同一件事）remember/forget/regret（指動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生）trydo（設(shè)法努力去做，盡（打算做，企圖做）力）（意思是，意味著）trydoing（試試去做，看何結(jié)果）can’thelp（）（不能幫忙behavedone被認(rèn)為做）已經(jīng)做了can’thelpdoing（忍不住要）r…tobe認(rèn)為是consider考慮某事

C.Theboy’shavingD.Thengdone答案1.BA二.作語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞不定式和動(dòng)詞都可作賓考點(diǎn)有動(dòng)詞只能跟定式作賓語(yǔ)()ask(),attempt(),affordaskcare(),choose()(),)determine()())()))manage()offer(),pretend(),(,wish()wish有些動(dòng)詞只能跟名詞作賓語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)一.作語(yǔ)

admitappreciateavoid文檔

denydislikeexcusefancy

1)isbecomingB.becometoD.beingforbidimaginekeep

mention

2)peoplegreatestpleasure__________.fishingfishtofishingfishpermitpractiseprevent?prohibitputoffreportsuggestfeellike

3)wantedtohegotofwasthejoywithallthe4)shareB.C.having答案1.2.A3.A考點(diǎn)

有些動(dòng)詞即可跟定式也可跟名詞，但意上有差別

考點(diǎn)Remaindone還有待于，還要看---forgettodo,meandoing,trytodo,want/requiredoingregrettolike/doing,like/hatetodo,be/getusedusedusedcan’t’thelpbutdocanto)stopdoingstopdo

1)ItremainsJimwillbefitenoughplaytheseenB.tobeseeingD.2)Havingatripabroadfortheoldcouple,butitremains_____whetherwillit.beseenseeingD.答案1.B2.B四.作語(yǔ)作定時(shí)，看與所修飾之間的關(guān)系swimmingpool,swimming

doingforbid/somebodydo考點(diǎn)but后跟定式時(shí)，如前面有實(shí)意詞的式，不用否則要帶1)Thereisnothingdo___tillittowaitwaitingC.D.2)Standingontopofhill,IanythingbuttheflowingoftheA.B.enjoyingC.toenjoy答案1.CA三.作語(yǔ)考點(diǎn)表將來(lái)某一次常用動(dòng)詞不式作表語(yǔ)，示經(jīng)常性性常用動(dòng)名詞表語(yǔ)(表某次，果主中時(shí)，定式略to)

五.作語(yǔ)非謂狀語(yǔ)時(shí)，看句子語(yǔ)間關(guān)系。和句主構(gòu)成動(dòng)關(guān)時(shí)用現(xiàn)分詞狀語(yǔ)如：1)allnightlong,aforthetoprepareB.preparingC.prepared和句主語(yǔ)成動(dòng)關(guān)時(shí)，過(guò)去詞作語(yǔ)如：2)____hospitalinthewoundedweresavedatlast.B.taken文檔

表示為了”，用不式狀語(yǔ)這時(shí)狀語(yǔ)詞動(dòng)發(fā)時(shí)間句子語(yǔ)動(dòng)時(shí)間比是將，例：3)___inthemorning,BobturnedoffTosleepC.分析例Prepare與work是時(shí)的，又主動(dòng)因此B例2和子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)被動(dòng)系，此選A例3和子主語(yǔ)構(gòu)主動(dòng)又有了之，因選A

3)【08四川卷anofforofexperiment.beC.waiting答案1.B2.D3.D六.作語(yǔ)：非謂動(dòng)詞補(bǔ)時(shí)，看其句子語(yǔ)之的系考點(diǎn)和賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)被動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)用過(guò)去分詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，1)trafficlookingforwardtothelocal考點(diǎn)

結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)

governmentattention.1)SpacebrokeintooverTexasitreturnedtoearthallabroad.havingkilledC.beingkilledkilled2)Iwenttohim,____findingB.findonlyfindto3)【10江蘇】retiredmostoftoschooldamagedtheintoclassrooms.wB.toenabletoenabledB2.C3.A考點(diǎn)目狀語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞定式作的狀1)【2011浙卷Iftheywinthetonight,thetotourthecitybytheirsupporters.beingC.towere2)【2011重慶卷29.MoreTVprograms,governmentofficials,will_______peopleconcernA.toB.C.raisedraised答案2.A考點(diǎn)Have---in句式difficulty/trouble/aagoodbadtimeindoingsomething中in可省時(shí)-ing為在詞，當(dāng)于間語(yǔ)1)YoudifficultyIhave____house.foundB.findingC.tofindforfinding2)Havingbeenillbedforheahardtime____theexam.B.topassing

solvingC.toD.2)managersthethattheylikenextyear.carryoutoutC.carriedouttoout答案B考點(diǎn)和賓語(yǔ)構(gòu)主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí)用現(xiàn)在分詞補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，somebodydoing逮某人某事LeavesomebodydoingsomethingFindsomebodydoingsomebody考點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞不定作賓補(bǔ)甲.一二聽(tīng)看有五have面賓補(bǔ)不帶tofeel,to,watch,notice,,例：Iruninto(整過(guò)程Iheardsomeonecallingforhelp.正在)乙.常帶to的不定式做賓補(bǔ)動(dòng)詞like/ask/tell/getsomebody丙.Help后面賓補(bǔ)可帶to也不帶(后接跟語(yǔ)時(shí)帶不帶to均oftenhelpsher(to)oftenhelps(to)文檔

丁.作補(bǔ)時(shí)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)中不帶的變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)時(shí)要1)--WhydidoldTVatalow--IdidonlyIso.doB.tododoingto2)Pauldoesn’thavetobemade____.Heworkshard.learnB.tolearnC.learnedlearning3).was__________atoffB.totakeoffgetoff2.Have賓補(bǔ)的幾種況somebody讓某做某somebodydoing讓人一做某請(qǐng)人做事1)theall

togetoff答案1.BBB

toleftB.leaveC.toleftD.tobeissaid,動(dòng)名詞的完成式Ihavinglent$100,but’tpaiditback.remember,Ilending過(guò)去分詞沒(méi)有完式B.torunningC.runningrunning2)Youshouldtrafficrulenow.’veit____oftenenough.explainingC.explainexplained3)Whotheteacherhave___anarticleforthewalljustwritingwriteC.D.written4)【08上海春’39IfillegallocalworkerswilltheirB.tocomeD.come5)【2011陜西卷_______herplanechecktoD.checked答案CDB5.D七.非語(yǔ)的完成式動(dòng)詞不定式、現(xiàn)分詞的完成aletter,hedecidedtoNotreceivingB.NothavingD.Havingnotreceiveddecide,decided;---IsBobperforming?afraidsaid___stagealreadyashehasbecomeofficial.

為什呢？下_____thatittosnow,climbersdecidedtoputoffattemptthehighestbeenTellD.Telling非謂和句主構(gòu)成被動(dòng)但B可以解為在分完被動(dòng)八.非語(yǔ)的進(jìn)行式Whenteacherentered,thepupiltotheexperiment.Hethoughttohidingin1)son_______Iback.tosleepB.D.tobe2)【2011上海Todaywechatrooms,textmessaging,emailing…weseem_____theartofcommunicatinglosingB.tobelosingC.to答案D2B九.非語(yǔ)的被動(dòng)式1)ismanonB.C.operatedD.tobeon2)building____willinItwillbeourlabbuilding.topaintB.paintedC.topaintedD.3)questionisthe______B.hadC.discusseddiscussing;discussing4)_______twiceaitcarorabustruck,istheruledriverobeyin文檔

examinedExamined5)askedinthetobesendtosendingD.答案1.2.B3.4.AA非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練Ⅰ用所給動(dòng)詞適當(dāng)形式填1.Thechildrenfamousactressenteredthe解析：當(dāng)那明星進(jìn)室時(shí)所有孩子轉(zhuǎn)身她用不式表的。答案to2.Forbreakfastfreshfruit(grow)his解析早餐只喝自家場(chǎng)種的鮮水制成果汁處過(guò)去詞作置語(yǔ)，表示經(jīng)完及被的意。答案growntrytothetheworkstation(present)inaway.解析意們都力用工站的量以用種更效的式提情報(bào)presentineffective是不式短作目狀語(yǔ)答案topresent，postmantodeliverourletterswechained解析：由于咬兩次除非們把拴起，則那遞員愿意信我們thepostman與bite是動(dòng)關(guān)，用去分作狀，被動(dòng)答案Bitten

解析：一架型飛墜于城以東公處的坡上機(jī)上人部死。表動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)分詞結(jié)果語(yǔ)。答案：killingthe，thosethemovednew解析：在府的助，那受地影響人們經(jīng)到新定居。用去分作后定語(yǔ)飾those。答案：affectedsuggested(hold)atheduring解析比爾議會(huì)就期為海世會(huì)做什進(jìn)行論后動(dòng)名作語(yǔ)。答案：holding8.Davidtothepoliceifnotpaid.解析：戴維脅說(shuō)他居如不賠損失他就報(bào)后接定式賓語(yǔ)且report和David是動(dòng)系。答案：totheproject，atweekends.解析：由后句句“體作人周末在”可知前半表“了及完那個(gè)”，故動(dòng)不定作目狀語(yǔ)答案：Tocomplete10.thein，farmerssetupwind解析受科進(jìn)步鼓舞許多民已在們的地上造了力電廠根據(jù)意，5.Aplaneahillsidemilescitypeopleboard.

，

(kill)allfour

和farmers是動(dòng)關(guān)，因用去分。答案：Encouraged文檔

wevisitedmy，memory解析：現(xiàn)在詞短作式狀。答案flooding12.(tire)andshortofbreath，andRubywerethefirstreachthetopofTai.解析安和盧第一到達(dá)山巔，疲力且呼困難形詞作語(yǔ)，為形詞化過(guò)去詞。答案13.(give)，soccerplayersonegrow解析：如果練當(dāng)，些小球運(yùn)員有一可能為國(guó)級(jí)球。語(yǔ)

的事；再take的賓就是子的語(yǔ)二者是動(dòng)關(guān)系用被形，所選beingtaken。答案：beingtaken17.Theyusecomputerstothetraffic解析：表示使某動(dòng)持續(xù)生”。答案：running，wesomething(deal)withbyourselvesevery解析：不定在這作置定，修，示要的情。他選不合意。答案：todeal與give是動(dòng)系，過(guò)去詞作件狀，當(dāng)于ifaregiven

newlikeapalace

(compare)his答案14.Thegovernmentplanslawstakeoftheirchildren.解析：句意政府劃定新法律迫使母對(duì)子教育擔(dān)更的責(zé)

解析：的邏主語(yǔ)句子主’，且二之間動(dòng)賓系，以應(yīng)用過(guò)分詞狀。答案：20.At29，

(live)inapartmenttotakeforthetheir是在分短作后置語(yǔ)，飾。答案forcing15.Theplay(produce)mainlythelocal解析：根據(jù)中時(shí)狀，知里表將要生的作所以不定，動(dòng)詞與主the之間成動(dòng)關(guān)系所以不式的動(dòng)形。答案tobestill(take)theFamenTempleandwhatIthere.解析todosth.得做某(事未發(fā))doi