新的題目考博真題匯總復(fù)旦

PaperPartⅠListening（略PartⅡReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA.,B.,C.andD..YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneofthegreatestmysteriesinthestudyofCetacea［aquaticmls］hasalwaysbeenthatthecreaturesfoundinthestomachsoftoothedwhalesshownoteethmarks.NowaUniversityofCaliforniaatSantaCruzprofessorthinkshemayhavesolvedtheenigmawithwhathecallsthe“bigbang”theoryofcetaceanpredation.KenNorris,naturalhistoryprofessor,believesthatratherthanusetheirteethtoattacktheirvictims,toothedwhalesstuntheirpreywithintenseburstsofsound.Hepointsoutthatall68speciesofodontocetes(asub-orderthatincludesdolphins)usesoundtolocatetheirvictims,andsuggeststhisabilitymayhaveevolvedtothepointwhereitcouldbeusedasaweapon.Millionsofyearsago,theancestorsofwhaleshadanarrowtaperedjaw,streamlinedforspeedandbristlingwithlongrowsofsharpteeth.Todayodontocetesarenotadaptedtosurprisingtheirpreyortrapitquickly.Mostaremorebulkythantheirforebearers;theirteethareshortandunevenlyspacedwhentheyexistatall.Norrissuggeststhatbecauseoftheirsonarability,whales'teethhave evestigial,likethehumanappendix.Itisdifficulttotestthebigbangtheorybecauseincaptivity,cetaceanstendtomoderatetheirsonarsoasnottodeafenothercreaturesintheirsmall,highlyreflective.Dolphinsareknowntopoliyturnofftheirecholocationsystemswhenpassingoneanother.Andinthewildit'shardtolwhetherasoundcamefromanearbyanimalorformanotherveryfaraway.ButNorrispointstothemalenarwhalastacitproofofhistheory.Thiswhalehasnoteeth,andthesinglespiraltuskthatextendsabouteightfeetinfrontofhimwouldseemtobemoreofanimpedimentthananaidincatchingshrimp,hispreferredfeed.“Youlookattheseanimalsandyouwonderwhat'sgoingon.”Theunderlined A. B. C. D.Theprimarypurposeofthispassageis argueforabanonthecaptureofwhalesanddescribetheevolutionofreportapossibleexnationforthelackofteethmarksonwhales'revealtheflawsinthe“bigbang”theoryofcetaceanAsusedinthe mostnearly A. B. C.moveto D.Whatisthe“bigbang”theoryofcetacean Sixty-eightspeciesofodontocetesusesoundtolocatetheirToothedwhalesusesoundasWhalesandhumanshavevestigialWhaleteeth,oncesharp, esomewhatshortandItcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethatthe“bigbang”theory a B.adisprovedC.anunsupported D.anideawithsomesupportingPassageOlgahadalwaysenjoyedthecharacter-centeredbookswrittenbyAdeleKwanandwantedtowhethersheshouldspendpartofhersavingsonKwan'slatestbook,The er.Shehopedthefollowingbookreviewsinherhighschoolnewspaperwouldhelphermakeadecision.NovelwithoutaplotByCarloDanteIjustfinishedreadingAdeleKwan'slatestnovel,The er,andwasdisappointed.Inmyopinionthebookdoesnothaveenoughplottobeconsideredanovel. erinthisbookisVioletWang.She'sfifteenwhenherfamilymovesfromSanFranciso'stowntoasmalltowninWashingtonState.Inthistowneveryoneknowseachother,andnoneoftheotherresidentsare .Violet'schallengeistofitin.Sensitiveandinligent,sheamusesshoeswhoknowherwellbutisshyand withstrangers.Thesecircumstancescouldhaveprovidedthebasisforaninterestingstory.Iparticularlyhasnorealplot.Thereisnoactiontofollow.InsteadtheauthoremphasizeswhatishappeninginViolet'sheadasshefindsherwayinhernewhome.WeareintroducedtonewcharactersandsituationsonlyastheyareviewedbytheintrospectiveViolet.Whenshearrivesathernewschool,forexample,thereaderisdtoendurepageafterpagedescribingViolet'sclassrooms,classmates,andteachers,withnoexcitementtokeepusinvolvedinthestory.Ifthishadbeenahistoricalnovel,atleastthetextcouldhaveelucidatedwhatlifewaslikeduringapastera.Ifithadbeenamystery,Iwouldhavehadareasontomoveformonepagetothenext.Furthermore,VioletwouldhavehadamoreintriguingwaytodemonstrateherinligenceandAsitis,IfoundThe eruninteresting.Thelackofplotandtherelianceonasinglecharactertosupporttheentirebookmakeforadull,slow-movingreadingexperience.AlthoughMs.Kwanwriteswell,shehasfailedtopresserastoryworthreading.ABooktoCherishByRachelBlytheInlastweek'seditionIread“NovelWithoutaPlot”,anunflatteringreviewofAdeleKwan'slatestnovel,Itoo,havereadThe er,andIstronglydisagreewith.CarloDante'sevaluationofthisfinenovel.DanteclaimsThe erlacksaplot.Hefailstorecognizethatsomenovelsareplot-drivenandothersarecharacter-centered.ClearlyDantepreferstoreadtheformerandfeelsjustifiedinimposinghispreferenceonallofus.Therearemanyreaderswhodonotrequireastorytopropelusfeverishlyfromoneaction-packedmomenttothenext.Wearecontenttogettoknowaninterestingcharacterwhoencounterschallengesandtriesvariouswaysto ethem.VioletWangisawouderfulexampleofthistypeofcharacter,andwearefortunatethatthenovel-istoldformherpointofview.WefirstexperienceherworldinSanFrancisco,wheresheissurroundedby Americantraditionsandthesupportofanextendedfamily.Wefeelherconfusionandtraumaticsenseoflossasshemustleaveallthatisfamiliartoher.WhenVioletarrivesintheareathatwillbehernewhome,weseeitsbeautyandmysterythroughhereyes.Asshetriestoadjusttolifeinacewhereshefeelslikeanoutsider,manyofusmayremembersimilartimesinourownlives.Weachewhenshehurtsandfeeltriumphinourheartswhensheexperiencesprogrees.Iwon'slyouwhy.Violethashadtomakesuchadrasticlifechangeorhowshecomestotermswithit.UnlikeDante,Ithinkthatmostreaderswouldgreatlyenjoythisbook.Inthesetimesofactionadventuremoviesandcomputergames,manyhavelostthepatiencetobereaders,thinkers,andemotionalbeings.Ithinkthatsomeonewhofailstoseethevalueinthisbookismissingoutonalot.WhenOlgareadRachelBlythe'sreview,sheprobably A. B. C. D.WhichoftheseisthebestsummaryoftheVoicinghisdisappointmentinAdeleKwan'slatestnovel,CarloDantewrithesabookreviewcriticizingthebookasuninterestinglackinginplot.TohelpherdecidewhethertopurchaseAdeleKwan'snewbook,The opposingbookreviewsinherhighschoolnewspaper.Asasupporterofcharacter-centrerednovels,RachelBlythewritesabookreviewdefendingAdeleKwan'sThe erbecauseshefeelsmanypeoplewillenjoythebook.Olgaenjoysthecharacter-centeredbooksofAdeleKwanandwouldliketoreadanotheroneifitisinterestingandiswritteninthesamestyle.Basedoninformationinthereviews,withwhichstatementwouldbothCarloDanteandRachelBlytheprobablyagree? isanaction-adventureVioletisoutgoing,evenaround isapowerfulandcaptivatingViolethasastrongbondwithfamilyWhichconclusionisbestsupportedbyinformationintheRachelBlytheandOlgahavesimilarreadingAdeleKwanisabest-sellingRachelBlythedoesnotreadnovelsthatareplot- emoreoutspokensinceherBasedoninformationinthepassage,thereadercanconcludeViolet'sprimarysourceofstemsfromher notbeingfluentindifficultieswithherparentsbeingextremelyfamily'smovetoWashingtonPassageTheTheParthenon,abuildinginAthens,Greece,isperhapsoneofthemostmemorablestructuresonEarth.Built25centuriesago,itisoneofthegreatarchitecturaloftheancientworld.Therearemanyreasonsforitsgreatness.AthenswasthemostimportantcityinancientGreece.In480B.C.GreecewasunderattackbyboththePersianarmyandthePersiannavy.TheAtheniancommander,Themistocles,knewthathisscouldnotdefeatthePersianarmythenmarchingtowardAthens.HoinsteadtomakeastandagainstthePersiansatsea,Themistoclesandhis sfledAthensforanearbyisland.AlthoughthePersianarmyoverwhelmedAthensandleftitinruins,theGreeknavy,ledbyThemistocles,annihilatedthePersianfleet.ThisvictorybytheGreeksledall sretreatwithinoneAbout30yearslaterthebuildingoftheParthenonbegan.Constructiontookcebetween447and432B.C.DuringtheruleofPericles.TheParthenonwasconstructedonthesamesiteasanunfinishedstructureintendedtohonorthemenwhohadlosttheirinanearlierbattleagainstthePersians.TheParthenonwouldstandasasymbolofthestrengthlivesandimportanceoftheGreekManyimportantcitiesinancientGreecehadanacropolis,or“highcity,”onwhichpeopleconstructedimportantbuildings.Theacropoliswasthehighestandmostdefensiblelocation,soitalsoservedasafortressintheeventofenemyattack.TheParthenonislocatedabout500feetabovethecityofAthens.BeforetheParthenoncouldbebuilt,someareasoftheacropolishadtobeleveleddown,andotherareashadtobuiltup.Thenalarge,solidfoundationwaconstructedouttolimestoneblocks.Theentireareawasbuttressedbyareinforcingwall.TheParthenonisarectangularstructureconsistingoftwoinnerareassurroundedbycolumns.Thereareeightcolumnsateachendandseventeencolumnsalongeachside.Itisalargestructure,consideringwhenitwabuilt.Itisabout200feetlongandabout100feetwide.Itstandsabout60feethigh.OneextraordinaryaspectoftheParthenonisitsconstruction.Itrequiredbetween2000030000tonsofmarblethathadtobepreciselycarvedsothathugeblocksofitcouldbefittedtogetherwithoutmortartoformthecolumnsandinteriorwalls.Perhapsevenmoreimpressivearethe“opticalcorrections”thatwereused.ThecolumnsbulgeslightlyinthemiddlebecauseexpedriencehadshowntheGreeksthatperfectlystraightcolumnswouldnotlookstraighttoviewer.Becausecornercolumnsnormallyappearsmallerthanothers,thecomercolumnsoftheParthenonweremadeslightlythickerandwerecedclosertotheothercolumns.Thecolumnswerealsodesignedtoleaninwardslightlybecauseperfectlyperpendicularcolumnsseemtoslantoutward.FurthermorethetformonwhichtheParthenonsitswasmadetocurveupwardinthemiddlebecauseperfectlylevelfloorwouldappeartosaginthecenter.TheParthenonstandstodaydespitethecenturiesthathavepassed.ItisatimelesstributetotheenduringcultureoftheGreekpeopleandisconsideredamodelofexcellenceinconceptandconstruction.Itestablishedtheclassicstyleofarchitectureseentodayinmanypublicbuildings,suchastheWhiteHouseandtheLincolnMemorialinWashington,D.C.ThisarchitecturalstyleisalastinggiftfromtheancientGreekstothemodernworld.TheauthorofthepassageprobablyviewstheParthenon A. B. C. D.Inthispassage,theword“annihilated” A.destroyed B. C.examined D.ThepassagesuggeststhatmostimportantcitiesinancientGreecehadanacropolis protectthemselvesincaseofhouseaimprisonthe honorThereadercanconcludethatthe hadcolumnsmadeofrequiredmuchefforttohadapalaceinsidefortheleaderofwasnever yWhatistheapproximatelengthoftheA.60 B.100 C.200 D.500PassageSallyKemmererhas,sofar,escapedNorthernCalifornia'srollingButupontheroofforherOaklandhome,workersaretapinto,perhaps,themostreliablepowersource,thesun.Itcouldmeannomoreworriesaboutblackoutsorpowerrates.SallyKemmerer,homeownersays,“Ihopethatwe'llbeabletozeroout,youknow,ourelectricbill.Imeanthat'sdefiniyourgoal.”Turningthesun'sraysintoelectricityis,ofcourse,nothingnew.ButCalifornia'spowercrisishascastanewlightontheGaryGerber,asolarpowercontractor,says,“Imighthavebeengetting,saythreephonecallsaweekacoupleofmonthsage.I'mgettingsixadaynow,it'scompleycrazy.”Alternativeenergyisevenmoreattractive,thankstoastaterebateprogram.Sofarthismonth,California'senergycommissionhasreceived200projectapplications.Thatismorethanthenumberofapplicationsalllastyear.Puttinginasolarroofisstillarelativelyexpensiveproposition.Thisprojectcostaround45000dollars.Eventakingintoaccountthestatesubsidyof12000dollars,thatleavesanetcosttothehomeownerofaround33000dollars.Sallysays,“Wewerehappytofindoutthat,eventually,thesystemshouldpayforitself,youknow20-years,maybe.”AaronWellendorfhashadap-v(orphotovoltaicgenerator)formorethanayear.Likemostsolarsystems,hisisnotoffthegridcompleytheutilitystillkicksinatnight,orwhenthere'snosun.Butwhenthereisbrightlight,thingschange.Wellendorfsays,“I'mturningmymeterbackwardwithextrapowerthatI'mgenerating.”That'sright!Wellendorf'smetertrackshowmuchpowergoesbackintotheutilitygrid.Lastyearallthepaidforelectricitywasaservicecharge.Thatchargewasaroundfivedollarsamonth.Infact,evenafterpoweringhissuper-efficienthouseholdappliancesandhisconvertedtruck,Wellendorfgeneratedanetsurplusofmorethan2000-kilowattUnfortunay,statelawdoesn'trequiretheutilitytopayhimforthat.Wellendorfsays,“Idon'tgetitinmoney,Ijustgetthesatisfactionofheloutthepowergrid.”And,hegetsthesatisfactionofbeingenergyself-Accordingtothearticle,theCaliforniaenergycommissionhasreceived200projectapplicationsinonemonth.Ifthatratecontinues,approximayhowmanyapplicationswilltheyreceivehisentireyear?A. B. C. D.Whatdoes“tozeroout”toloseaspecialitemortogainsolartopayformorereliableelectricaltoowetheelectric Inamonthofworkdays(approxima y20),howmanycallscouldthesolarcontractorexpectifthiscurrentratecontinuesunchanged?A. B. C. D.Whatdoes“offthegrid”meaninthecontextofthislivinginasuburbanlivingintheonlyhouseinawidelivingwithoutthe 'selectricallivingwithoutanyelectricityfromanyAccordingtothearticle,whenahomeownerputsinasolarroof,herworriesaboutblackoutsorpowerratesmightbeover.Whymightthatbetrue?SolarpowermaybelessexpensiveandmorereliablethanpowerdbyutilityHerroofwon'tleakwiththeheavysolarpanelsontopofthePuttinginasolarroofisstillanexpensiveSuper-efficientappliancesuselesselectricitythanregularPartⅢVocabularyandStructureDirections:Thereare20 pletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.Edison theinventionoftheattributed B.contributedC.referred D.creditedSomeeventsandphenomenaofouternature ordinaryexnationandordinary B.C. D.Somepeoplebelievethat“KingJohn”waswrittenbyShakespeare,butsomepeopleitmightbewrittenbyan B.C. D.Initsbroadestsense,attributiontheoryisconcernedwithhowordinarypeoplemakesenseoftheworldandit morecontrollableandpredictablebymakingattributionsastothecausesofpeople'sbehaviorsandevents. B.C. D.Ayear andthereisnosignofthesituationgettingany B.C. D.Asaresultoftheirfrequentlitters,rabbitshavethereputationof B.C. D.BecauseofthebombingthatkilledsixpeopleWashingtonhasbeenurgingthespokesman terrorismmoreseverely. B.C. D.Despitehisdisappointingrecordthisyear, feelheisthebestmaninour B.C. D.Duringaninternationalcrisis,many messageswillgenerallyemanatefromthe'soffice.B.C. D.GiordanoBrunostronglysupportedCopernicus'sideathattheearthwasnotthecenteroftheuniverse.Brunowasrewardedbybeingburnedatthestakeforthisandother B.C. D.Hecannotseeanythingwithouthisglasses,sohemadea ofrememberingtogetthemfixedbeforehewenttowork. B.C. D.HeofferedheratriptoAustraliabut broke... B.turned...C.stripped... D.cut...Hishealthdeterioratedrapidlyduetoinsufficientnutrition medical B. D.Hisproductiontechniquesareelaborateandnearlegendary,buteveniftheycould ,itwouldn'tbethesameforanyotherpeople. B.C. D.Howard abetterbrandoficecreamandanewwaytosellcameup B.cameC.came D.cameIspentthewholedayyesterdayrearrangingmy theirsubjectsfrequencyofas B.asC.as D.asInchargeofanarmyofseventhousandmen,he theorientalcityforninemonthsandfinallydefeatedit. B.C. D.Todaywe'lldiscussproposals belefttothenextmeeting.similar B.relevantC.familiar D.regardedIt'sstrangethat hisuncleineverytakes B.takesC.takes D.takesLawyerhaveaterriblehabitofusingLatinandindustry tomystifypeopleandthemselvesmorevaluable. B.C. D.Myworkisnotvery money,butI'mgettingvaluableexperienceout

A.inexchange B.intermsC. D.forthematterOneofFreud's intothehumanalitywasthediscoveryofhowitinfluencedbyunconscious B.C. D.Shefeltdizzyandhad somethingtosteadyhold B.holdC.hold D.holdThechildren attheboxofcandytheyweretoldnotto B.C. D.The forleniencywasignoredbytheA.B.C. D.Thefamousactresswasimposed fornon-paymentof B.C. D.Thefloorofhisstudywasoccupiedby massofbooksand B.C. D.ThegreatAmericanscientistEdisonhada forinventingnew B.C. D.Whenautomationisintroducedintothefactory,alltheworkdonebyhandwill assemblyline.giveway B.taketheceC.haveasay D.becontributed youdidn'tgettheticket.Theywasn'tgoodisall B.isjustasC.doesn't D.servesyouPaper(注意：以下各題的答案必須寫在AnswerSheet上)PartⅣCloze(15)Directions:FillineachofthefollowingblankswithONEwordtocompletethemeaningofthepassage.WriteyouransweronAnswerSheetⅡ.Whenyou'renegotiatingwithsomeone,listenforthemessagesthatheorshemightbesendingtoyou.For(71) ,theword“difficult”doesnotmeanthesameasimpossible.Imagineyou'restayinginaho,(72) youwanttochangeyourroom.Themanager's(73) of,“Thatwouldbeverydifficult,sir”,doesnotmeanthat(74) issaying“no”,itjustmeansthathewantstoknow(75) youarepreparedtoofferhiminreturnforthechangeofroom.Ifyouarebuyinganewcar,andwanttopay(76) thanthepricebeingasked,(77)thesalesman'scomment.“I'msorry,butwenevernegotiateontheprice”meansthattheydonegotiateon(78) things,likethedeliverytime,orthe“extras”thatmightbeavailable(79)partofthepurchase.Inthesamecarshowroom,(80) thesalesmansays,“Sorry,Ican'tnegotiateprices”,thenyourresponseshouldbetoaskwho(81) themessagethesalesmanissendingsuggeststhathisbossistheone(82) needtobetalkingto.Inallofthesesituations,themessageis(83) communicatedinclearterms.Inanynegotiation,thetwo“yers”withtogetas(84) outofitastheycan,ofcourseInthethreeexamplesabove,thesalesmenandhomanagerarehothatyouwill(85) theirpriceorconditions-buttheir“messages”makeitclearthattheremayberoomformovementandPartⅤTranslationDirections:PutthefollowingpassageintoEnglish.WriteyourEnglishversiononAnswerSheetⅡ.，，，人所信的那樣和人與人之間的會在整個人類歷史上并且在所有或者幾乎所有的社舉例來說，在早先的法國繪畫里，早于公元前10000年的繪畫中沒有人與人打仗的畫早期的人類中出現(xiàn)人類內(nèi)部的比例相對較低。因此不是人性固有的產(chǎn)物，而是某，PartⅣWritingDirections:Somepeopleprefertonactivitiesfortheirtimeverycarefully.Otherschoosenottomakeanynsatallfortheirtime.Comparethebenefitsofnningtimeactivitieswiththebenefitsofnotmakingns.Whichdoyouprefer-nningornotnningforyourleisuretime?Usespecificreasonsandexamplestosupportyourchoice.Youshouldwriteabout180wordsandputyourcompositiononAnswerSheetⅡ.PartⅠListening（略Part Reading 文章第一段第一句“OneofthegreatestmysteriesinthestudyofCetacea(aquatic ls)hasalwaysbeenthatthecreaturesfoundinthestomachsoftoothedwhalesshownoteeth下來第二句“NowaUniversityofCaliformiaatSantaCruzprofessorthinkshemayhavesolvedtheenigmawithwhathecallsthe”bigbang“theoryofcetaceanpredation”，針對前面的現(xiàn)象提因此選C。 moderateA第二段具體說明“bigbang”theory的內(nèi)容，其中第二句“Hepointsoutthatall68speciesofodontocetes(asub-orderthatincludesdolphins)usesoundtolocatetheirvictims”，對A。D第四段第一句“Itisdifficulttotestthebigbangtheorybecauseincaptivity”，第五段第一句“ButNorrispointstothemalenarwhalastacitproofofhistheory”，綜合起來也就是說該理論難以驗證但有一些支持性的。A文章第一段即交待了“Olgahadalwaysenjoyedthecharacter-centeredbookswrittenbyAdeleKwan”RachelBlythe正是從character-centered的角度來對小說給予正確評價，OlgaRachelBlythe的評論當(dāng)然會受到鼓勵。 文章包括三部分：一、Olga為什么要讀這兩篇評論；二、CarloDante的評論內(nèi)容；三、RachelBlythe的評論內(nèi)容，列出兩篇評論是OlgaB。DCarloDante的評論第三段第二句“IparticularlyenjoyedlearningaboutAmericancultureandViolet'sstrongfamilyties.”,RachelBlythe的評論第三段第二句“WefirstexperienceherworldinSanFrancisco,wheresheissurroundedbyAmericantraditionsandB、C三項在文中都可以找到明確的句子來證明有誤。ARachelBlytheOlgacharacter-centered的小說，而其他三項或是文中沒A。 VioletA、B、C三項文中 全是在介紹和贊美古希臘建筑Parthenon，尤其是從建筑的角度對其工程量AannihilateALocation一段中第一句和第二句，古希臘重要城市多有acropolis，即衛(wèi)城， ConstructionParthenon20000 Description一段中第四句“Itisabout200feetlongandabout100feetwide.”A200200×12=2400份申請。37.Dzeroout使……變?yōu)榱悖@里使電費變?yōu)榱?，即不用供電公司的電?文中第六段提到“I'mgettingsixadaynow”，每天6 Cgrid輸電網(wǎng)，對于安裝了能發(fā)電系統(tǒng)的住戶來說，輸電網(wǎng)的電指的是供電公司的電，offthegrid也就是完全不用供電公司的電。A文中第二段提到“perhaps,themostreliablepowersourceThesun.Itcouldmeannomoreworriesaboutblackoutsorpowerrates”，能發(fā)電比供電公司更可靠；第九段提到“eventually,thesystemshouldpayforitself,youknow20-years,maybe”，能發(fā)電將可能比輸電網(wǎng)更便宜，因此選A。Part creditsb.withsth.把某事物歸功于；attributesth.tosb.認(rèn)為某事物由引起；contributetosth.促成某事物；refertosth.提到、涉及某事物。Atranscend超出，；conquer征服；prevail流行；trespass，侵入 delivered在……交貨的，包括運費在內(nèi)的；anonymous不知名的；antique古代的；ambiguous模棱兩可的。 deliver傳送；render使處于某種狀態(tài)；practice練習(xí)，實踐；suffocate charge指控，；censor檢查；blame責(zé)怪，埋怨；denounce，譴責(zé) 的；abstruse深奧的；appalling駭人聽聞的；compelling引人入 faithful忠實，可靠的，heretical異端的，bibliographical書目的，hysterical makeapointofngsth.認(rèn)為做某事重要或有必要；chore家務(wù)，瑣事；success成功；mess。 break...down破壞；turn...down；strip...of剝?nèi)?，除去；cut...off切斷 satisfactory令人滿意的；unfit不適宜的； plete不完全的；inadequate不恰 resemble像，類似；approximate接近，近似；duplicate；undertake承擔(dān)Acomeupwith找到，提出；cometo共計，達到；comeacross偶然遇見；comeAasregards按照；asagainst與……對照，相比；asof從……開始；asfrom從…… intrude，侵入；haunt常去；besiege，包圍；possess占有 as把…… takeonsb.雇用，與……比賽，允許搭乘；taketosb.對產(chǎn)生好感；takeaftersb.（在長相或性格方面）像；takesth.down把某物取下，記下。 inflection詞尾變化；dialect方言；accent口音；jargon inexchangefor與……交換；intermsof在……方面；concerning關(guān)于；forthematterof對于……的問題。 Aholdonto抓??；holdup阻礙，延誤，；holdforth夸夸其談、滔滔不絕地講述某事；holddown壓住，保持。 covertlyexcessivelygraciusly ；demand要求，需求；plea懇求，請求；defense disrepute壞名聲，不光彩；penalty處罰，罰款；popularity聲望；scandal Agivewayto被……所替代；taketheceof代替……；haveasayin有……決定權(quán)；becontributedto被用到……中。 isallright合適的，恰當(dāng)?shù)模_的；isjustaswell也無妨；doesn'tmatter沒關(guān)系，不重要；servesyouright活該。Part Clozeotherthings不能單獨存在，根據(jù)上下文，價格不能商議意味著其他東西可商議，因other。as，介詞+名詞短語，aspartof作為……never，根據(jù)前兩段的內(nèi)容可以得出，雙方進行時語言很巧妙，不是直白地說出Part Thefactknowntousisthatwar,differentfromwhatmanypeoplebelieveittobe,iscompleyan eof“humanity”.Otherwise,warand amongpeoplewouldexistinallthehumanhistoryoralmostallsocieties.However,thisisnotthetruth.Archaeologists'investigationresultsseemtosuggestthatmenlivedquiteapeacefullifelongago.Forexample,amongancientFrenchcavedrawingswhichwereearlierthan10000B.C.,therewerenopicturesdescribingpeoplefightingwitheachother.Thisindicatesthat,inthatearlyperiodofmankind,fightamongpeoplewascomparativelyrare.Inacertainway,thisdiscoveryisnotsurprisingatall:intheworldofanimals,it'srareforonetopreyonanotherofitsownspecies.Theydokillotherkindsofanimals,butnottheirown.Likemostanimals,theproportionofinner amongearlyhumanbeingswasrelativelysmall.Therefore,warisnottheinherent eofhumanitybutthatofcertainsocialandculturalconditions.PartⅥWriting(15%)nningforMyLeisureDifferentpeopleliketospendtheirtimeindifferentways.Somemakenscarefully,whileothersdonot.Asforme,Iprefernningformyleisuretimeinadvance.First,nningensuresthatonecandowhathewants.Forexample,afterhoursofattentivestudy,astudentfeelslikehavingabasketballgametorelaxhisnerve.However,ifhejustcloseshisbooksup,walksoutoftheclassroomandgoestotheygroundwithoutnning,hemayfindnobodytheretoywithoralreadytoomanyothersareying.Second,nningmakeseverythinginother.Forpeoplewhodislikeuncertainty,aspecifictimeschedulemeansalwaysknowingwhattodoandthusoffersthefeelingofself-fulfillmentandcomfort.Iwillfeeltotallyatalosswithlotsoftimeandnothingtodo.Itisverylikelyformetoendupwithidlingallday,wastingallthetimeandfeelingdepressed.Howtospendone'sleisuretimeisquiteal.Asforme,onlyacarefullynnedleisuretimeschedulecanbringenjoymentandrelaxation.PaperPartⅠListeningComprehension（略PartⅡVocabularyandStructureDirections:Thereare20 pletesentencesinthispart.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEthatbestcompletesthesentence.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter. hervacationsomuchthatshedidn'twantittoA. B. C. D.Theytriedtokeepitquietbuteventuallyeveryonelearnedabout A. B. C. D.Manycitizensappealedtothecity ernmentforenacting lawstoprotecttheA. B. C. D.Peoplewholiketowearredclothesaremorelikelytobetalkative A. B. C. D.Thisisbut ofthetotalamountofinformationwhichtheteenagerhasA. B. C. D.Theyweretired,butnotanyless thatA. B. C. D.Ithinkitishightimewe thefactthatenvironmentalpollutioninthisareaisgettingmoreseriousthanbefore.A.wokeup B.mustwakeup C.wakeup D.arewakingup wasthemoodofthemeetingthatanagreementwassoonA. B. C. D.Rescueworkers thedelicatetaskofsiftingthroughtonsofconcreteandtotrytoreachpossiblesurvivors.A. B. C. D.When ,shecouldnotforamomentrecognizeherA.came B.came C.came D.cameTheshortageofwaterbecamemore thissummerwiththehighesttemperaturesin40years.A. B. C. D.Theytriedtodrivetheirhorseintotheriver,buthesimply A. B. C. D.Eventhebestmedicaltreatmentcannotcureallthediseasesthat menandA. B. C. D.Theboy'stalentmighthave haditnotbeenforhisuncle'sA. B. C. D.Thetwoleadersmadeashowofunityatthepressconference,thoughtheyhadnotablyA. B. C. D.Jackadmittedthatheoughtnottohavemadehismother A.oughtn't B.wasn't C.didn't D.hadn'tAnoldwomanwasbadlyhurtin thedescribeasanapparentlymotivelessA. B. C. D.Asthecityhas eincreasingly andpolluted,therehasbeenagrowingrealizationthatcertainactionisurgentlyneeded.A. B. C. D.The infrontofagirl,justintimetoavoidaseriousA.turned B.pulled C.cleared D.droppedThedoctortoldhimtobecarefulwhentakingsleepillsbecausetoomanycouldbe.A. B. C. D.PartⅢReadingComprehensionDirections:Thereare4readingpassagesinthispall.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerandmarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheetwithasinglelinethroughthecenter.PassageFormyproposedjourney,thefirstprioritywasclearlytostartlearningArabic.Ihaveneverbeenalinguist.ThoughIhadtraveledwidelyasajournalist,IhadnevermanagedtopickupmorethanasmatteringofphrasesinanytongueotherthanFrench,andevenmyFrench,waslaboriousforwantoflengthypractice.Theprospectoftacklingoneofthenotoriouslydifficultlanguagesattheageofforty,andtryingtospeakitwell,bothdeterredandexcitedme