2019年初級商務(wù)英語閱讀理解試題

2019年初級商務(wù)英語閱讀理解試題（9）TroublewithTeamworkMaryOwenexaminestheroleandefficiencyofteamsRecruiterssaythatcandidateswhocangiveexamplesofworktheyhavedoneasmembersofasuccessfulteamareinasstrongapositionasthosewhocanpointtosignificantindividualachievement.Indeed,toomuchofthelattermaysuggestthatthepersonconcernedisnotaiteamplayer,-oneofthemoreseriousfailingsinthebookofmanagement.Theimportanceofbeingateamplayerisasideeffectoftheincreasinginteractionacrossdepartmentsandfunctionaldivides.Insteadofpushingreports,paperworkanddecisionsaroundtheorganisation,4teamsprovideadynamicmeetingplacewhereideascanbesharedandexpertisemorecarefullytargetedatimportantbusinessissues,,saysSteveGardner,inhisbookKeyManagementConcepts.Headds,4Globalisationhasaddedafurtherdimensiontoteamwork.Multinationalteamsnowstudypolicydecisionsinthelightoftheirimpactonthelocalmarket.,Butisteamworkingbeingoverdone?‘Somemanagersareonasmanyassevenoreightdifferentteams,,saysDrCathyBandy,apsychologistwhorecentlyranaconferenceonthesubject.4Theytakeupsomuchtimethatmanagerscan,tgetonwithcoretasks.,Formingteamsandhavingmeetingshas,shesays,becomeanendinitself,almostregardlessofpurpose.Thereisalsothedangerofanunhealthydesiretokeeptheteamgoingaftertheworkhasbeendone.iPeoplefeeltheneedtobelong,andteammembershipcanprovideakindofpsychologicalsupport.,Theideabehindteamworkingisthat,whentherightgroupofpeopleisbroughttogether,a,force,developswhichisgreaterthanthesumoftheirindividualtalents.Thisisoftentrueinsport,wheregoodplayerscanreachunexpectedheightsasmembersofaninternationalteam.However,fewbusinesssituationshaveasclearasetofobjectives,orasclearcriteriaofsuccessorfailure,aswinningamatch.‘Inbusiness,everyoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthechallengeisandwhetherateamistherightwayofapproachingit’，saysSteveGardner.‘Unfortunately,peoplefocusinsteadonwhothemembersoftheteamshouldbeandwhatrolestheyaretoplay,DrBandyagrees.‘Thereisalwaysadangerthatteamscanturnintocommittees,,shesays.‘Inalotofsituations,oneortwoindividualswouldbemuchmoreeffective.,Sowhatmakesasuccessfulteam?Therearesomegeneralqualitiesthathavebeenidentified.SteveGardnerrecommendsthatineveryteamthereshouldbesomeonewhoisgoodatresearchingideasandanotherwhoisgoodatshootingdownimpracticalones.Thereshouldbethosewhocanresolvethetensionsthatnaturallyoccurinateamandotherswhoarefocusedongettingthejobdone.Also,providingaclearandachievabletargetattheoutsetisthebestwayofensuringthattheteamwillmoveontogreaterthings.Whatpointdoesthewritermakeaboutteamworkingatthebeginningofthearticle?AItisthemostsuccessfulformofmanagement.BIthaschangedtherecruitmentprocedureincompanies.CWell-runteamsstillallowindividualstodemonstratetheirtalents.DBeingateamplayerisnowconsideredanessentialmanagementskill.Accordingtothearticle,teamworkdevelopedwithincompaniesasaresponsetoAmodernofficedesign.Bchangingworkpractices.Careductioninadministrativetasks.Dtheexpansionofinternationalbusiness.Inthethirdparagraph,DrBandysuggeststhatAmanyemployeesdonotenjoyworkinginteams.Bsomemanagersarenotveryeffectiveteamleaders.Csometeamsarecreatedunnecessarily.Dfewteamsarewellorganised.Accordingtothewriter,teamworkismoreeffectiveinthefieldofsportbecausetheplayersAknowwhattheywanttoachieve.Baremorecompetitivebynature.Chavemoreindividualtalent.Dcanbedrivenbynationalpride.SteveGardnerandDrBandyagreethatwhenabusinessteamiscreatedpeopledonotpayenoughattentiontoAthestructureoftheteam.Balternativestotheteam.Cselectingtheteammembers.Ddirectingtheteam,sactivities.WhatisSteveGardner,sadviceonoperatingasuccessfulteam?AMaintainaflexibleapproachtomembership.BAllowpersonalitiestodevelopwithintheteam.CSelectpeoplewhofitnaturallyintocertainroles.DMakeeveryefforttoavoidconflictbetweenmembers.參考答案及解析《TroublewithTeamwork》，團(tuán)隊合作的麻煩。文章講了團(tuán)隊的重要性和很多團(tuán)隊存在的問題，以及怎么樣才能打造一個成功有效的團(tuán)隊。第十三題，問文章開頭作者針對團(tuán)隊合作做了什么論點。第一段是強(qiáng)調(diào)團(tuán)隊合作的重要性，太多的個人成果會顯得這個人不是個合格的團(tuán)隊成員。選答案要理解第一句話的含義：Recruiterssaythatcandidateswhocangiveexamplesofworktheyhavedoneasmembersofasuccessfulteamareinasstrongapositionasthosewhocanpointtosignificantindividualachievement.招聘者說能夠給出自己作為一個成功團(tuán)隊成員的例子的候選人同那些指出重要的個人成果的人具有同樣重要的地位。言下之意，擁有團(tuán)隊成員的經(jīng)歷也很重要。所以選D，作為一個團(tuán)隊成員如今被視為必要的管理技巧。A、B、C都沒有提到。第十四題，問公司內(nèi)部的團(tuán)隊合作是作為對什么的回應(yīng)。也就是問團(tuán)隊合作的目的是什么，答案是第二段的這么一句：’teamsprovideadynamicmeetingplacewhereideascanbesharedandexpertisemorecarefullytargetedatimportantbusinessissues團(tuán)隊提供了一個動態(tài)的會議場所，使得思想可以分享，技能可以更加仔細(xì)的對準(zhǔn)重要的商業(yè)問題。這句里的dynamicmeetingplace可以對應(yīng)于B段的changingworkpracticeo第十五題，問在第三段DrBandy暗示什么。答案是她的一句原話：Formingteamsandhavingmeetingshas,shesays,becomeanendinitself,almostregardlessofpurpose.形成團(tuán)隊然后開會成了它本身的終點，幾乎不管目的是什么。也就是說很多團(tuán)隊的建立是沒有意義的，多余的。選C，一些團(tuán)隊被不必要的創(chuàng)建了。第十六題，問作者認(rèn)為團(tuán)隊合作在體育領(lǐng)域里更有效的原因是什么。第四段講當(dāng)一群正確的人被組合到一起時會產(chǎn)生一種高于這些人個人能力的力量，在體育比賽里就是如此。這一題的答案是第四段的最后一句：fewbusinesssituationshaveasclearasetofobjectives,orasclearcriteriaofsuccessorfailure,aswinningamatch.。很少有企業(yè)能像贏得一場比賽一樣有一系列清晰的目標(biāo)，或者是對成功或失敗有清晰的評判準(zhǔn)則。也就是A選項所說的：知道他們想要實現(xiàn)什么。whattheywanttoachieve可以對應(yīng)于asetofobjectiveso第十七題，問這兩個人同意當(dāng)一個商業(yè)團(tuán)隊被創(chuàng)立時人們沒有把注意力放在什么上面。這一題要理解第五段的意思。第一句說Inbusiness,everyoneneedstobeclearaboutwhatthechallengeisandwhetherateamistherightwayofapproachingit。在企業(yè)，每個人都必須很清楚挑戰(zhàn)是什么以及團(tuán)隊是否是實現(xiàn)它的最好的辦法?？紤]團(tuán)隊