虛擬學(xué)習(xí)課件

虛擬語氣一往前退一個時態(tài)：表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反，用過去式；表示與過去事實相反用過去完成式…簡單的歸納第一頁，共十九頁。時間If條件從句主句與現(xiàn)在事實相反與過去事實相反與將來事實相反1.用于if條件狀語從句中:did/werewould/should/could/might+dohaddonewould/should/could/might+havedone1.shoulddo2.weretodo3.did/werewould/should/could/might+do=evenif/though第二頁，共十九頁。evenif/eventhough=if條件IwillvisityoutonighteventhoughIamill.即使他在這他也幫不了你(他不在這）Eventhoughhewerehere,hecouldn’thelpyou.即使我當(dāng)時做的更好，他也不會表揚我EventhoughIhaddonebetterthen,hewouldn'thavepraisedme第三頁，共十九頁。（1）介詞短語without/with/butfor構(gòu)成虛擬。(butfor要不是)

Withoutsunlight,people’slifewouldbedifferentfromtoday.

Butforyourhelp,Iwouldn’thavefinishedtheworkWithalotofmoney,Iwouldbuyanexpensivehouse.第四頁，共十九頁。（2）

or,otherwise否則，要不然but…Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeeting.Hetelephonedtoinformmeofyourbirthday,

orIwouldhaveknownnothingaboutit.(連詞)Iwouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.IfIhadn’tbeenillthatday,

Ifhehadn’ttelephonedto…IfIhadn’tbeentoobusy

第五頁，共十九頁。2虛擬語氣在wish/ifonly后的賓語從句中應(yīng)用時間從句與現(xiàn)在事實相反

did/were與過去事實相反haddone與將來事實相反

would/could/might+doasif/though+從句Shelovesthebabyasifitwereherson.Theytalkedasiftheyhadbeenfriendsforyears.第六頁，共十九頁。3wouldrather(that)-現(xiàn)在：過去：未來：Iwouldratheryoupaidmenow.(現(xiàn)在)Iwouldratheryouhadgoneyesterday.(過去)Don’tcome.Iwouldratheryoucametomorrow.(未來)diddid

haddone第七頁，共十九頁。4It’s(high/about)time(that)該…結(jié)構(gòu)虛擬

should(不省）+V.過去時我們該睡覺了。It’shightimethatwewenttobed.It’stimethatweshouldgoto

bed.第八頁，共十九頁。二表示說話人的要求、建議、命令時，常用(should)do表示虛擬形式第九頁，共十九頁。名詞性從句的虛擬語氣。(should）+do虛擬式賓語從句。常見動詞：一個安排：arrange兩個命令：order,command三個建議：advise,suggest,propose六個要求：require,request,demand,desirepreferinsistThekingorderedthattheprisoners(should)bekilledthenextday.第十頁，共十九頁。Tom’spalefacesuggeststhathe_____(be）ill，sowesuggestthathe_________(have)agoodrest.Thebossinsistedthathe_______(steal)thingsintheshopandthathe__________(leave)theshopatonce.isshouldhave

stoleshouldleave

第十一頁，共十九頁。2以上動詞的過去分詞用于主語從句中

Itissuggested,ordered,proposed,required,demanded,requested,insisted…that+(should)do

It’ssuggestedthattheplanbecarriedout.第十二頁，共十九頁。3、以上動詞相應(yīng)的名詞構(gòu)成的名詞性從句（包括主語從句，表語從句和同位語從句）也要使用虛擬語氣。從句中的動詞形式一樣(should)+do虛擬式。

order,command,advice,suggestion,proposal,demand,request,requirement,desireIt’smyadvice\suggestionthattheplanbecarriedout.Mydemand\requirementisthatsheshouldcometoseemeonceaweek.第十三頁，共十九頁。4）It’snecessary/strange/natural/important

+that…Itisapity/shame/nowonderthat…

從句中的動詞可用虛擬，即(should)+動詞原形(表示驚奇，惋惜，理應(yīng)如此等口氣）1.Itisstrangethatshe(should)

eatsomuch.2.It’sapitythatweshouldquitthegame.3Itisnecessarythatyoushouldrecitethenewwordsintime第十四頁，共十九頁。（5）Incaseshould+doIwillcarryanumbrellaincaseitshouldrain.第十五頁，共十九頁。三情態(tài)動詞+havedone虛擬式第十六頁，共十九頁。表對過去的事虛擬Should/shouldn’thavedone=oughttohavedone/oughtn’ttohavedoneneed/needn’thavedoneWouldhavedoneCouldhavedone表對過去的推測Couldn’t/can’thavedoneMusthavedoneMight/mayhavedone第十七頁，共十九頁。Mr.Whiteshouldhavearrivedat8:30forthemeeting,buthedidn’tshowup.Youneedn’thaveboughtthefood,Ihaveboughtsomejustnow.第十八頁，共十九頁。內(nèi)容總結(jié)虛擬語氣。表示與過去事實