2021-2022年山東省棗莊市大學英語6級大學英語六級測試卷(含答案)

2021-2022年山東省棗莊市大學英語6級大學英語六級測試卷(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.PartⅡReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)

Directions:Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

Pollution:ALifeandDeathIssue

OneofthemainthemesofPlanetunderPressureisthewaymanyoftheEarth'senvironmentalcrisesreinforceoneanother.Pollutionisanobviousexample--wedonothavetheoptionofgrowingfood,orfindingenoughwater,onasqueaky-cleanplanet,butononeincreasinglytarnishedandtrashedbythewaywehaveuseditsofar.

Cuttingwasteandclearinguppollutioncostmoney.Yettimeandagainitisthequestforwealththatgeneratesmuchofthemassinthefirstplace.LivinginawaythatislessdamagingtotheEarthisnoteasy,butitisvital,becausepollutionispervasiveandoftenlife-threatening.

Air:theWorldHealthOrganization(WHO)saysthreemillionpeoplearekilledworldwidebyoutdoorairpollutionannuallyfromvehiclesandindustrialemissions,and1.6millionindoorsthroughusingsolidfuel.Mostareinpoorcountries.

Water:diseasescarriedinwaterareresponsiblefor80%ofillnessesanddeathsindevelopingcountries,killingachildeveryeightseconds.Eachyear2.1millionpeoplediefromdiarrhoeal(痢疾的)diseasesassociatedwithpoorwater:

Soil:contaminatedlandisaprobleminindustrializedcountries,whereformerfactoriesandpowerstationscanleavewastelikeheavymetalsinthesoil.Itcanalsooccurindevelopingcountries,sometimesusedfordumpingpesticides.Agriculturecanpollutelandwithpesticides,nitrate-richfertilizersandslurryfromlivestock.Andwhenthecontaminationreachesriversitdamageslifethere,andcanevencreatedeadzonesoffthecoast,asintheGulfofMexico.

ChronicProblem

Chemicalsareafrequentpollutant.WhenwethinkofchemicalcontaminationitisoftenimagesofeventslikeBhopalthatcometomind.Buttheproblemiswidespread.Onestudysays7～20%ofcancersareattributabletopoorairendpollutioninhomesandworkplaces.TheWHO,concernedaboutchemicalsthatpersistandbuildupinthebody,especiallyintheyoung,sayswemay"beconductingalarge-scaleexperimentwithchildren'shealth".

Someman-madechemicals,endocrine(內(nèi)分泌)disruptorslikephthalates(酞酸鹽)andnonylphenol--abreakdownproductofspermicides(殺精子劑),cosmeticsanddetergents--areblamedforcausingchangesinthegenitalsofsomeanimals.Affectedspeciesincludepolarbears--sonoteventheArcticisimmune.Andthechemicalsclimbthefoodchain,fromfishtomammals,andtous.

About70,000chemicalsareonthemarket,witharound1,500newonesappearingannually.Atleast30,000amthoughtnevertohavebeencomprehensivelytestedfortheftpossibleriskstopeople.

Atfastglance,theplasticbucketsstackedinthecomeroftheenvironmentalNGOofficelooklikeanyothers.Butthecontainersareanunlikelyweaponinonepoorcommunity'sfightagainstoilcompanieswhichtheysayareresponsibleforwidespreadill-healthcausedbyyearsofpollution.Thevesselsareusedbyanetworkoflocalvolunteers,knownastheBucketBrigade,togatherairsamplesinneighborhoodsborderingoilrefineries,aspartofacampaigntomonitoranddocumentairpollutionwhichtheybelieveiscomingfromtheplants.

InSouthAfrica,asinmanydevelopingandnewlyindustrializedcountries,legislationonairpollutionhasfailedtokeeppacewithmushroomingindustries.Solocalresidents,likemanyinpoorcomm

A.3millionB.2.1millionC.1.6millionD.3.2million

2.

CryosatshouldhelpfigureoutwhatishappeningattheWestAntarcticfringebecauseitsradaraltimetersshouldbeableto______.

3.IfalltheiceintheAntarcticmelted,globalsealevelswouldrisehugely.

4.

Theauthorpointsoutthatone'sstyle.ofwritingis______.

A.inheritableB.unteachableC.unchangeableD.learnable

5.Calories

Foryearsnow,calorieshavebeenalltherage—peoplearecountingthemandcuttingthem,andyou'dbehard-pressedtofindsomethingatthesupermarketthatdoesnotlistitscaloriesperservingsomewhereonthepackage.Buthaveyoueverwonderedwhatexactlyacalorieis?

WhatIsaCalorie?

Acalorieisaunitofenergy.Wetendtoassociatecalorieswithfood,buttheyapplytoanythingcontainingenergy.Forexample,agallon(about4liters)ofgasolinecontainsabout31,000,000calories.

Specifically,acalorieistheamountofenergy,orheat,ittakestoraisethetemperatureof1gramofwater1degreeCelsius(1.8degreesFahrenheit).Onecalorieisequalto4.184joules(焦耳),acommonunitofenergyusedinthephysicalsciences.Mostofusthinkofcaloriesinrelationtofood,asin"Thiscanofsodahas200calories."Itturnsoutthatthecaloriesonafoodpackageareactuallykilocalories(1,000calories=1kilocalorie).Thewordissometimescapitalizedtoshowthedifference,butusuallynot.Afoodcaloriecontains4,184joules.Acanofsodacontaining200foodcaloriescontains200,000regularcalories,or200kilocalories.Agallonofgasolinecontains31,000kilocalories.

Thesameappliestoexercise—whenafitnesschartsaysyouburnabout100caloriesforeverymileyoujog,itmeans100kilocalories.Forthedurationofthisarticle,whenwesay"calorie",wemean"kilocalorie"

WhatCaloriesDo?

Humanbeingsneedenergytosurvive—tobreathe,move,pumpblood—andtheyacquirethisenergyfromfood.

Thenumberofcaloriesinafoodisameasureofhow-muchpotentialenergythatfoodpossesses.Agramofcarbohydrates(碳水化合物)has4calories,agramofproteinhas4calories,andagramoffathas9calories.Foodsareacompilationofthesethreebuildingblocks.Soifyouknowhowmanycarbohydrates,fatsandproteinsareinanygivenfood,youknowhowmanycalories,orhowmuchenergy,thatfoodcontains.

Ifwelookatthenutritionallabelonthebackofapacketofmaple-and-brown-sugaroatmeal,wefindthatithas160calories.Thismeansthatifweweretopourthisoatmealintoadish,settheoatmealonfireandgetittoburncompletely(whichisactuallyprettytricky),thereactionwouldproduce160kilocalories(remember:foodcaloriesarekilocalories)—enoughenergytoraisethetemperatureof160kilogramsofwater1degreeCelsius.

Ifwelookcloseratthenutritionallabel,weseethatouroatmealhas2gramsoffat,4gramsofproteinand32gramsofcarbohydrates,producingatotalof162calories(apparently,foodmanufacturersliketorounddown).Ofthese162calories,18comefromfat(9cal×2g),16comefromprotein(4cal×4g)and128comefromcarbohydrates(4cal×32g).

Ourbodies"burn"thecaloriesintheoatmealthroughmetabolic(新陳代謝的)processes,bywhichenzymes(酵素)breakthecarbohydratesintoglucose(葡萄糖)andothersugars,thefatsintoglycerol(丙三醇)andfattyacidsandtheproteinsintoaminoacids(氨基酸).Thesemoleculesarethentransportedthroughthebloodstreamtothecells,wheretheyareeitherabsorbedforimmediateuseorsentontothefinalstageofmetabolisminwhichtheyarereactedwithoxygentoreleasetheirstoredenergy.

YourCaloricNeeds

Justhowmanycaloriesdoourcellsneedtofunctionwell?Thenumberisdifferentforeveryperson.Youmaynoticeonthenutritionallabelsofthefoodsyoubuythatthe"percentdailyvalues"arebasedona2,000caloriediet.2,000caloriesisaroughaverageofwhatapersonneedstoeatinaday,butyourbodymightneedmoreorlessthan2,000calories.Height,weight,gender,ageandactivitylevelallaffectyourcaloricneeds.

Thereareseveralfactorsthatregulatehowmanycaloriesweneedeachd

A.Food.

B.Anythingcontainingenergy.

C.Agallonofgasoline.

D.Exercise.

6.

Organicagriculturecontributestoslowingdowntheglobaltemperatureincreasethroughitsabilityto___________________.

7.

Freudbelievedthatinchildhoodsomepeopleexperiencedeepfeelingstheyareashamedofandthesefeelingsoftenfadeawayintotheunconsciousmind,butmayreturnindreamsinlaterlife.

A.YB.NC.NG

8.CollegeeducationistoblameforthefailureofAmerica'smathandscienceeducation.

9.Itwasnotuntil1947thatIndiabecame______.

10.

It'snecessaryforustobackupoursystemsto______.

A.harddriveofthecomputer

B.CDsandputthemindesk

C.sometransferablemediumandputitsomewhereelse

D.remotenetworkserverswithwhichyouarenotfamiliar

11.eBay

eBayisaglobalphenomenon-theworld'slargestgaragesale,onlineshoppingcenter,eardealerandauctionsitewith147millionregisteredusersin30countriesasofMarch2005.Youcanfindeverythingfromencyclopediastoolivestosnowbootstostereostoairplanesforsale.AndifyoustumbleonitbeforetheeBayoverseersdo,youmightevenfindahumankidneyoravirtualdate.

eBayBasics

eBayis,firstandforemost,anonlineauctionsite.YoucanbrowsethroughcategorieslikeAntiques,Boats,Clothing&Accessories,Computers&Networking,Jewelry&WatchesandVideoGames.Whenyouseesomethingyoulike,youclickontheauctiontitleandviewthedetails,includingpictures,descriptions,paymentoptionsandshippinginformation.

Ifyouplaceabidonanitem,youenteracontractualagreementtobuyitifyouwintheauction.Allauctionshaveminimumstartingbids,andsomehaveareserveprice-asecretminimumamounttheselleriswillingtoacceptfortheitem.Ifthebiddingdoesn'treachthereserveprice,thesellerdoesn'thavetopartwiththeitem.Inadditiontoauctions,youcanfindtonsoffixed-priceitemsoneBaythatmakeshoppingtherejustlikeshoppingatanyotheronlinemarketplace.Youseewhatyoulike,youbuyit,youpayforitandyouwaitforittoarriveatyourdoor.

YoucanpayforanitemoneBayusingavarietyofmethods,includingmoneyorder,cashier'scheck,cash,personalcheckandelectronicpaymentserviceslikePayPalandBidPay.It'suptoeachsellertodecidewhichpaymentmethodshe'llaccept.

JustasyoucanbuyalmostanythingoneBay,youcansellalmostanything,too.Usingasimplelistingprocess,youcanputallofthejunkinyourbasementupforsaletothehighestbidder.WhenyousellanitemoneBay,youpaylistingfeesandturnoverapercentageofthefinalsalepricetoeBay.

Onceyouregister(forfree)witheBay,youcanaccessallofyoureBaybuyingandsellingactivitiesinasinglelocationcalled"MyeBay."

eBayInfrastructure

Aseriesofservicedisruptionsin1999causedrealproblemsforeBay'sbusiness.Overthecourseofthreedays,overloadedserversintermittentlyshutdown,meaninguserscouldn'tcheckauctions,placebidsorcompletetransactionsduringthatperiod.Buyers,sellersandeBaywere,veryunhappy,andacompleterestructuringofeBay'stechnologicalarchitecturefollowed.

In1999,eBaywasonemassivedatabaseserverandafewseparatesystemsrunningthesearchfunction.In2005,eBayisabout200databaseserversand20searchservers.

Thearchitectureisatypeofgridcomputingthatallowsforbotherrorcorrectionandgrowth.Withtheexceptionofthesearchfunction,everythingabouteBaycanactuallyrunonapproximately50servers-Webservers,applicationserversanddata-storagesystems.Eachserverhasbetween6and12microprocessors.These50orsoserversrunseparately,buttheytalktoeachother,soeverybodyknowsifthereisaproblemsomewhere,eBaycansimplyaddserverstothegridastheneedarises.

Whilethemajorityofthesitecanrunon50servers,eBayhasfourtimesthat.The200serversarehousedinsetsof50infourlocations,allintheUnitedStates.Whenyou'reusingeBay,youmaybetalkingtoanyoneofthoselocationsatanytime--theyallstorethesamedata.Ifoneofthesystemscrashes,therearethreeotherstopickuptheslack.

Whenyou'reontheeBayWebsiteandyouclickonalistingforaPersianrug,yourcom-putertalkstoWebservers,whichtalktoapplicationservers,whichpulldatafromstorageserverssoyoucanfindoutwhatthelatestbidpriceisandhowmuchtimeisleftintheauction,eBayhaslocalpartnersinmanycountrieswhodeli

A.Virtualdates.

B.Anyover-pricedproducts.

C.Pricelessantiques.

D.Rareanimalsforpets.

12.Ifyoucomeupagainstthekillerquestionssuchastheselistedinthepassage,takeafewmomentsto______.

13.

TheTreatyofRomewassignedbysixEuropeancountriestoestablishaunifiedmarket.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

OnlyasmallpercentageofAmerica'shighschoolseniorsplantomajorinengineeringatcollege.

A.YB.NC.NG

15.

Americaalsoborrowsculturefromothercountriesthereforeitsinfluenceisnota______traffic.

16.

TheKyotoProtocolrequires____--tocurbGHGemissions,especiallyCO

17.

Naturallythinpeopleseemtobeabletoattractgoodthingsintotheirlivesautomaticallybecausethey______.

18.

PresidentClintonadvisedthatpeople______asnosingleracewillexceedotherracesinnumber30or40yearslater.

19.SomescientistssetupdomesinthePolarRegions.

20.

AccordingtoWinston,themethodsof"leveraging"canhelppeople______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.【B3】

22.SectionB

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear3shortpassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearsomequestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.

聽力原文：Itisagreatprivilegeformetobeinvitedtospeakatthetenth-yearreunionoftheStateUniversity'sgraduatingclass.

Whenyouarrivedoncampustoday,afteradecade,youwereprobablyimpressedbytwochangesatState:one,theabsenceofUniversityTower,thefirstbuildingconstructedonthecampus,andahistoriclandmarkformanyyears;andtwo,thedisappearanceofparkinglotsonmaincampus.

TwoyearsagoUniversityTowerwasinspectedandfoundtobeunsafe.Inspiteofeffortstorestoreto,itwasnecessarytolevelthebuilding.Abelltowerwasconstructedonthesamesite,builtforthemostpartusingthegoodbrickthatwassavedfromtheoriginalbuilding.Theoriginalbellswerealsopreserved.

Asfortheparkinglots,theyhavebeenreplacedbygrass,trees,andpedestrianwalkways.Parkingisnowlocatedinparkinggaragesonthenorthandwestsidesofthecampus.

Twomoresubtlechangeshaveoccurredwithinthepastdecade.OneisthecreationandexpansionoftheDivisionofContinuingEducationforthecommunity,includingaSaturdayandsummerenrichmentprogramforchildren,andanafternoonandeveningspecialinterestprogramforadults.TheotheristheadditiontothestudentpopulationofAmerica,andtheMiddleEast.MostinternationalstudentsareenrolledintheCollegeofEngineeringandtheCollegeofBusiness.Wehaveextendedourcommitmentbeyondthebordersofourstateandnationtoencompassthecitizenandnationsoftheworld.

(27)

A.Themaincampuslooksthesame.

B.Thestudentpopulationisthesame.

C.Theidealsoftheuniversityarethesame.

D.TheDivisionofContinuingEducationhasthesameprograms.

23.(24)

A.Beingisolated.

B.Takingpartinsocialactivities.

C.Gainingmoreknowledgeaboutsociety.

D.Havingmorecontactswiththeoutsideworld.

24.聽力原文：M:TheStudentClubisplanningaChineseSpeechCompetitionduringtheChineseNewYear.Howaboutgettingsomehelpfromtheschoolauthority?

W:Good.Thatwillgettheballrolling.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(19)

A.Gettingthehelpwillbedifficult.

B.Thehelpfromtheschoolauthoritywillgetthecompetitiontostart.

C.Shelikesballgames.

D.BothBand

25.(32)

A.Graduatestudents.

B.Undergraduatestudents.

C.Professors.

D.Libraryemployees.

26.(21)

A.Tobeamathematician.

B.Towritehisownbooks.

C.Toteachinhighschool.

D.Tobeamedicaldoctor.

27.(31)

A.Theyappeartobetexturedlikewood.

B.Theyappeartobecoloredlikewood.

C.Theyappeartobesmoothandred.

D.Theyappeartobeshortandthick.

28.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：W:Doyouwantmetoexplainthesequestionsbeforetheexam?

M:What'sthepoint?Idon'tunderstandasinglewordinit!Itseemsasiftheywerewritteninaforeignlanguage.

Q:Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?

(12)

A.Themandoesn'tknowanyforeignlanguages.

B.Themanhasnoideaofwhattheexam-relatedmaterialsmean.

C.Thewomanhassomeperplexingproblemswiththeexam.

D.Themanhastoknowhowtowriteinaforeignlanguage.

29.聽力原文：W:IfIunderstandyoucorrectly,Mr.Savage,youweredrivingwellwithinthespeedlimitwhenyouwereStoppedbythePolice.

M:That'sright.IalwayskeeptothelimitonDownsideRoadbecausethere'saschoolslaponthecornerofthefirstturningandIwouldn'twanttoruntheriskofhittingoneofthekids,nowwouldI?

W:I'mafraidIdonotknowwhatyoumean.

M:Well,Igobythespeedometer,don'tI?That'swhataspeedometer'sfor,isn'tit,totellyouhowfastyou'regoing.Imeanamachinecan'tlie,canit?Peoplecan,butnotmachines.

W:"Machines"asyoucallthemarenotnecessarilyinfallible(一貫正確的)guides,Mr.Savage.Theysometimesgowrong.(23)InanycaseaccordingtothePolicetestimonyyouweredrivingatmorethansixtymilesanhourinsuchamannerastocauseadangertothepublic.Weavingfromsidetosidelikeago-godanceriswhatIthinkthePoliceConstablesaid.

M:Veryfunny,sir.Still,thesteeringwheelhasbeenplayingupahitlately,Iadmitthat.IsaidtomywifeonlytheotherdayI'dbetterhaveitseento,butshesaidsheputitofftillwewentonholidayso...

W:Mr.Savage.Now,(23)IunderstandthatwhenthePolicestoppedyou,yourefusedtotakeabreathalyzertest...Whywasthat?

M:Well,Ihadn'tbeendrinking,hadI?(24)HalfalagerandattheFeathers—youmustbejoking.

W:(25)Itisnotmyhabittomakejokesincourt,Mr.Savage.

(20)

A.Heischargedwithdrunken-driving.

B.Heiscaughtrunningoverachild.

C.Heiscaughtusingadefectivespeedometer.

D.Heisstoppeddancinggo-gointhestreet.

30.聽力原文：M:Moreandmoreyoungstersareinterestedinthecauseofpublicgood.

W:Ithinkthegovernmentshouldkeepthepotboiling.

Q:Accordingtothewoman,whatshouldthegovernmentdo?

(17)

A.Thegovernmentshouldhelpthoseyoungsters.

B.Thegovernmentshouldtaketheplaceofthoseyoungsters.

C.Thegovernmentshouldencouragethoseyoungsters.

D.Thegovernmentshouldplacerestrictionsonthoseyoungsters.

31.

【B9】

32.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.

聽力原文：M:WhatisMr.JohnsongoingtodowithhisoldhouseonParisRoad?Rentitorsellit?

W:Ithinkheisthinkingofturningitintoarestaurant,whichisn'tabadidea,becauseit'sstillasolidbuilding.

Q:WhatwillMr.Johnsondowithhisoldhouse?

(12)

A.Hemayconvertitanduseitasarestaurant.

B.Hemaypullitdownandbuildanewrestaurant.

C.Hemayrentitoutforuseasarestaurant.

D.Hemaysellit.

33.(28)

A.Selfsupporting.

B.Afull-timejob.

C.Educationcompleted.

D.Havingachild.

34.聽力原文：W:Youknow,weneverwentoverChapter16inclass.WhatdoyouthinktheoddsarethatDr.Bombwillincludeitonthetest?

M:He'sbeenlongtodothingslikethat.SoIwouldn'tputitpasthim.

Q:WhatdoesthemansayaboutDr.Bomb?

(18)

A.He'llprobablytalkaboutChapter16inclasstoday.

B.He'llprobablypostponethetestuntilhetalksChapter16.

C.Hemighttestthestudentsonmaterialnotdiscussedinclass.

D.Heusuallytellsthestudentsaheadoftimewhatwillbeonhistests.

35.【B6】

36.

【B3】

37.聽力原文：M:Hello,Goodmorning,I'mcallingtocheckonthestatusofmycomputer.

W:Well,thenewpartshavejustbeencomingin,anditshouldbereadybyFriday.

Whatarethetwospeakerstalkingabout?

(15)

A.Fixingthewoman'scomputer.

B.OrderingsomenewpartsbyFriday.

C.GettingthenewpartsreadybyFrid

D.Sendingthewoman'scomputerforrepair.

38.聽力原文：W:Thenortheastisexperiencingareallyterriblewinter.Fuelsuppliesarerunninglowandalotofpeoplecan'tevenkeeptheirhousesadequatelyheated.

M:Iguessthat'swhyfuelpriceshavegoneupacrossthenation.

Q:Whatdoweknowfromtheconversation?

(16)

A.Fuelcannotbetransportedtothenortheasternstates.

B.Therearetoofewhousesinthenortheast.

C.Peopleinthenortheastareinexperiencedindealingwithsnow.

D.Coldweatherinthenortheasthasincreasedthedemandforfuel.

39.(34)

A.Itschemicalelementsmustbestudied.

B.Itstemperaturemustbelowered.

C.Bigspaceshipsmustbebuilt.

D.Itsatmospheremustbechanged.

40.聽力原文：Ateamofscientistsrecentlybeganaprojecttomeasuretheeffectsofloudnoisesonseaanimals.Ifthesoundsdon'tharmtoanimals,thentheresearcherscangoaheadwithaplantotransmitsoundwavesthroughthePacificOceantotaketheearth'stemperature.Soundtravelsfasterthroughwarmwaterthancoldwater.Byanalyzingthespeedofsoundthroughtheoceanovertime,thescientistswillbeabletodetermineifourplanetiswarmingup.Theexperimentwasnearlycancelledmorethanayearago,becauseenvironmentalgroupsfearthatthesoundwillconfuseorharmthesea-animals.Soscientistsareconductingtestsontheanimalsfirst.Theresearchersloweredaloudspeakerthatemitslowfrequencysoundabout1,000metersbeneaththeocean.Scientistsatthesitetransmitsoundwavesintotheocean.Radiotransmittersattachedtosomeofthesea-animalshelptheresearcherskeeptrackoftheanimals'movements.Ifsea-animalsaredistressedbythesounds,theywouldswimawayfromthespeakers.Sofar,therearen'tanysignsthattheanimalsarebeingharmed.Researchersatthesitenoticedthatlargenumbersofsea-animalsswamnearthespeakerwhetheritwasturnedonoroff,butitisstilltoosoontoknowforsure,thescientistsadmit.ThetestwillcontinuethroughSeptember."Ifallgoeswell,"theysay,"Wecanbeginmeasuringtemperaturechangesonourplanet."

(30)

A.TodeterminewhethertheEarth'stemperatureisgoingup.

B.Tostudythebehavior.ofsomeseaanimals.

C.Tomeasurethemovementofwavesintheocean.

D.Tomeasuretheovementofwavesintheocean.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

WhatcanweinferfromParagraph2?

A.Somefamiliesaretoopoortopaythefulltuition.

B.Theparentsdonotfavortheform.ofloans.

C.Payingthetuitionmakestheparentsfeelhumble.

D.Thoseingreatneedmaynotgettheaid.

42.

Theauthorcondemnsnoiseessentiallybecauseit______.

A.isagainstthelaw

B.canmakesomepeopleirritable

C.isanuisance

D.isadangertopeople'shealth

43.

Fromthepassagewecaninferthatrealhappinessoflifebelongstothose______.

44.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

PanicAttacks

Panicattack-asuddenorintensefear,anxietyorsenseofimpendingdoom,whichreachesapeakveryquickly.(Usuallywithinafewminutesofitstarting).Itmaybeaccompaniedbypronouncedphysicalsymptoms,includingaracingpulse,over-breathing,dizziness.Anattackgenerallypeakswithin10minutes,butsomesymptomsmaylastmuchlonger.Thereareknowntobethreetypesofpanicattack.Spontaneouspanic

Associatedtopanicdisorder,theseattackscomewithoutwarningatanytimeregardlessoflocationorsituation.

Thissortofattackdoesnotneedanexternalcatalysttostartit.

Spontaneouspanicoftenhappensduringsleep,wakingthesuffererinitsthrowsandcausingthepersontothinktheyarehavingaheartattackorsomethingsimilar.

Apanicattackbuildssubconsciouslyasaresponsetoanunusualthoughtorsensation.

Inotherwords,whenunusualsensationsordisturbingthoughts,whicharecommoninanxietydisorders,suddenlyreartheirheads,thesufferer'simmediatereactionistopanic.

ThebrainhasbeenprogrammedtorespondlikethisthroughrepeatedexperiencescreatinghabitualorinstinctualpanicwhichisstoredasamemorydeepinthesubconsciousmindandcontrolledbytheAmygdala,asmall,butimportant,organthatregulatestheanxietyresponseandotheremotionalresponses.

Thisreactionstartsadownwardspiralofanxietysymptoms,themoresymptomsthereare,themorethepersonpanics,andthemoretheypanic,themorethesymptomsoccur;aviciouscycleiscreatedfromwhichitisverydifficulttoescape.TheAmygdala'learns'thatthisnewlevelofanxietyisthenew'benchmark'foryour'normal',restinganxietysonexttimeyouexperienceananxiousthoughtorsensation,thereactionismoreintense.

Fearbreedsfearandthecyclestarts.

Specificpanicattacks

Theseattackshappeninrelationtoaspecificsituationorplacethatcausesfear.

Theseattacksareusuallytheresponsetoagoraphobia(懼曠癥)orotherSPECIFICfearswhererevisitingaplacewhereyouhavepanickedorhadabadexperiencebefore,couldcauseanattack.

Situationalpanic

Althoughtheseattacks,likespecificpanicattacks,usuallyhappenincertainsituations,theyarenotcausedbythatsituation.

Forexample,awomanwhohasapanicattackonabus,mayonlysuffertheminthatsituationoccasionally.Sheispredisposedtohavingattacksonthebusbutitisnotaresponsetofearofthebus.

Thecatalystforyourpanicisirrelevant,allyouneedtoknownowi