九-2023學(xué)年廣東省廣州市荔灣區(qū)五校高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)聯(lián)考英語試題

廣州荔灣區(qū)2022-2023學(xué)年高三下學(xué)期開學(xué)五名校聯(lián)考英語第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。AAsimplemosquito（蚊子）bitecanmeanseriousillnessordeath.Soweusesomechemicalstokillmosquitoes.Butthishasabadinfluenceonthewholeecosystemandyourhealth.Nowthere'sanewdevice（裝置），whichcankeepyouandyourfamilymosquito-free：Whatarewetalkingabout?Mosquitron,abrand-newtypeofbug（蟲子）catcher,designedbytwoGermanengineers,isperfectforclearingyourhomeofallannoyinganddangerousflyingpests!Howdoesitwork??Itiseasytosetup;plugitin-andawayyougo!?Itlures（弓I誘）themosquitoesnearbyusingasafeUVlight.?Afansucks（吸入）theinsectsthroughaone-waytrapdoor.?Oncegotinthedryingbasket,mosquitoesarekilledbythefanwithin2minutes.?Youcansimplyemptythedeadbugsintothetrash,withouteventouchingthem.?Noneedforbatteriesoranychemicals.Howmuchdoesitcost?Itsnow$179.99.Itmayseemexpensiveatfirst,butwhenyouconsidermostdevicesdon'tworkformorethan10minutes,thisisaprettygooddeal.Infact,otherproductsusingthesameUVtechnologyarepricedatover$250!Nowyoucanbuyitfromourwebsitewith50%offandwithA.unusualC.impossibleA.confusionC.surpriseA.unusualC.impossibleA.confusionC.surpriseA.carryC.showA.lieC.jumpA.excitedC.calmA.pileC.ballA.conditionC.questionD?sharpB?comfortD?disappointmentB-leadD.driveB.walkD.standB?nervousD?concernedB.boxD.poleB?argumentD.conclusion第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面的短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Poorenvironmentisconnectedwithpoorhealth.Nowanewpublic-health56.(tend)isbecomingapparent:Makingindooraircleaner.Let'stakeschoolsforexample.AcrossDenmark,France,andSweden,researchersfoundthatindoor-airqualityin66%ofclassroomsfellshort57.healthystandards.Outdoor-airpollutioncangetinsidebuildings-childhood58.(expose)canaffecttheirphysicaldevelopmentandacademicperformance,andcausecancer.Theproblemextendswellbeyondclassrooms.Manypeoplespendmorethan90%oftheirtime59.(stay)indoors.Spacesinbuildingswithpoorairmaycausearangeofdiseases-headaches,shortnessofbreath,coughsanddiscomfortofeye,nose,throatandskin.Poorair60.(blame)fordecreasedproductivityinthepastfewyears.COVID-19hasbroughtanewurgencytothematter61.(great).Moreinvestmentwouldbewellspent.Betterindoorairimprovesacademicdevelopment-math62.readingscoresgoup.Meanwhilepupilsare63.(attentive)inclass.Poorairindoorsisthe64.(forget)partwhenpeopleimprovedpublichealth.COVID-19shouldleadpolicymakerstofocusontheproblem,65.isofgreatimportanceforpeople'swell-being.第四部分寫作(共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)第一節(jié)(滿分15分)你校英文報正為寒假特刊征文。請你以“HowtoStayHealthyDuringWinterVacation”為題寫一篇短文投稿，內(nèi)容包括：.合理作息；.健康飲食。注意：詞數(shù)80左右。HowtoStayHealthyDuringWinterVacation第二節(jié)（滿分25分）閱讀下面的材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開頭語續(xù)寫兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasfourweeksbeforeNewYear,andouryouthgroupwantedtodosomethingtogetherasaNewYearprojectforourcommunity.Theconceptwasgreat,butnoneofusseventeen-year-oldshadanyideawhattodo.“Maybewecouldhaveafooddrivetohelpthehomeless,“JohnsuggestedatourSundaynightmeeting."Butwehavedonethatmanytimes,“answeredBrianwithafrown.Tenminutespassedwithoutanyproposalgoodenoughtowinourhearts.FinallyIdecidedtospeak."Whydon'twethinkaboutourprojectforafewdaysandthencomebackwiththreeorfoursuggestionswecanvoteon?”Everyoneagreedtowaitaweekbeforedeciding.IknewtimewasrunningouttogetsomethinggoingbeforeNewYear,butIhadnocluewhatweshoulddo.Duringthefollowingweek,oneideaafteranotherranthroughmymind,butIwasstillindecisive.Thursdayafterschool,Iwanderedintothekitchenasmydadpreparedfordinner.Sensingmyuneasiness,heaskedwhattroubledmewithoutevenlookingup."WelL.it...”Iletoutalongbreath.“OuryouthgroupwantstodosomethingfbrNewYear,butwedon'tknowwhattodo...”“Hmm."Mydadspokeoutloud."There'saseniors1homePveworkedwithclosetoSt.Joseph'sHospital.TheresidentsdonftgetoutmucharoundNewYearwiththesnowandice.ItmightbeanideatotakethemouttoseetheNewYearlightsaroundhere.”Istoodstillforafewmomentsthinkingofallthespectacular（絢麗的）NewYearlightdisplaysinourneighborhood.Tobehonest,Ineverthoughtaboutthat,butitmightjustwork.注意：續(xù)寫詞數(shù)應(yīng)為150左右。NextSundayevening,ouryouthgroupmet.OnNewYearnsDay,thebuswerentedarrivedattheseniors'homeinthesnow. 參考答案：第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）【解題導(dǎo)語】 本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，主要介紹了一款新型捕蟲器。ABABBD25.B26B27.DC【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章介紹了美國西部的深山中生長的一種松樹。這是全世界最長壽的樹種，其中最老的那棵樹的壽命已經(jīng)超過四千八百年了。A29.D30.B31.C【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹了一個日常生活中的常見現(xiàn)象，即員工們經(jīng)常在工作或游戲時進(jìn)食，由此而導(dǎo)致肥胖。32.B33.D34.C35.D解第二節(jié)(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面的短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。F解析：上文指出了在花園里種東西的好處，F(xiàn)項中的“producehealthyfruitsandvegetablesforyourfamily”也是列舉在花園里種東西的好處。因此F項符合文意，承接上文。C解析：根據(jù)本段的主題句“Picktherightplants.“可知，本段主要建議在花園種植時選擇合適的植物。再根據(jù)空處上文可知，空處為我們應(yīng)該根據(jù)自家的光照條件選擇植物。B解析：空處是段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Thissavesroomandsomeplantsmaygrowbetterwhenpairedwithanotherplant.“可知，此處建議嘗試將不同的植物搭配種植。G解析：根據(jù)本段主題句“Protecttheplantsfromwind.”可知，本段主要是講防風(fēng)的辦法。G項中的“beingblownoff'符合段意，因此G項符合語境，承接上文。D解析：根據(jù)上下文可推知，此處建議大家澆水的時間是早上或傍晚，所以設(shè)空處應(yīng)該是提醒不要在太熱的時間段給植物澆水。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了一只被拯救的刺猬回來向施救者表示感謝的故事。A解析：根據(jù)前面的“poleholes”可知，應(yīng)是作者丈夫挖(dug)的洞。D解析：根據(jù)上文中的“wenoticedtherehadbeenalotofraininourarea”可知，作者注意到洞里充滿(full)雨水。C解析：根據(jù)空格前面的“Iwassurprisedtoseethatalittlehedgehog”可知，一只小刺猬掉進(jìn)(fall)了洞里。B解析：根據(jù)前面的amazed可知，這個小刺猬沒有被淹死(drown),這讓作者感到驚訝。A解析：刺猬掉進(jìn)有水的洞里面，當(dāng)然是一個可憐的(poor)家伙。B解析：根據(jù)句意可知，天氣是比較冷(cold)的，我們把刺猬放到毛毯(blanket)上保暖。C解析：參見上題解析。B解析：根據(jù)后面的“hewasnowheretobeseen”可知，這個小刺猬已經(jīng)不見了，因此說明彼得出去查看(checkon)了刺猬。A解析：根據(jù)后面的"soundandlightknockingatthefrontdoor”可知，作者聽到不尋常的(unusual)聲音。C解析：根據(jù)后面的"therewasthehedgehog”可知，作者發(fā)現(xiàn)是那只小刺猬，這讓作者感到驚訝(surprise)。D解析：根據(jù)前面的"Ihadreadsomewherethathedgehogscarryworms''可知，作者聽說過刺猬會攜帶寄生蟲，因此想趕(drive)它走。B解析：根據(jù)后面的“onmycarpet”可知，作者不想讓它在地毯上走(walk)。A解析：根據(jù)后面的“becausethehedgehogsrolledupintoawhentheytouchedhim”可知，另一方面，孩子們非常興奮(excited),因為他們一碰刺猬，它就會卷成一個球(ball)。C解析：參見上題解析。D解析：根據(jù)后面的“thathehadcomeintothankusforsavinghim”可知，作者得出結(jié)論(conclusion),它是來感謝他們救了它。第二節(jié)(共10小題；每小題L5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面的短文，在空白處填入一個適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式?！窘忸}導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了在改善公共衛(wèi)生方面，室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量并沒有引起太多注意，但實際上室內(nèi)空氣質(zhì)量的好壞影響著人們的身心健康。tendency解析：考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處需填入名詞作主語，由冠詞a可知，此處用單數(shù)名詞。of解析：考查介詞。短語fallshortof意為“達(dá)不到”，符合句意。exposure解析：考查名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處缺少名詞作主語，名詞exposure意為“暴露、接觸”時，為不可數(shù)名詞。staying解析:考查非謂語動詞。spend（sometime）doingsth.為固定搭配，意為“花費（時間）做某事”。hasbeenblamed解析：考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，提示詞為句子謂語動詞，根據(jù)句中的時間狀語“inthepastfewyears”可知，此處需用現(xiàn)在完成時，動詞blame與主語Poorair之間是動賓關(guān)系，因此用被動語態(tài)。greatly解析：考查副詞。分析句子可知，設(shè)空處修飾動詞brought,應(yīng)用副詞形式。and解析：考查連詞。句中的math和reading為并列成分，都是學(xué)科，因此用連詞and連接。moreattentive解析：考查形容詞比較級。根據(jù)前一句中的Better和本句句意可知，此處需用形容詞的比較級。forgotten解析：考查非謂語動詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處缺少定語修飾名詞part,動詞forget與被修飾的part之間是被動關(guān)系,因此用過去分詞形式作定語。which解析：考查定語從句關(guān)系詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，先行詞為前面的句子，在從句中作主語，因此用which引導(dǎo)。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（滿分15分）Onepossibleversion：NextSundayevening,ouryouthgroupmet.MyfellowsputforwardseveralsuggestionsandIalsocontributedDad'sideafordiscussion.Tomypleasantsurprise,theNewYearlightstourwontheirhearts.Wecalledtheseniors*homeandtheywerethrilledaboutourproposal.Thefollowingweeks,wewerebusyliningupeverythingforthetour,includingthebustodrivetheseniorsalongtheplannedroute.OnNewYearsDay,thebuswerentedarrivedattheseniors'homeinthesnow.Despitethecold,thesnowaddedamagicalwhiteblankettotheneighborhood.Allresidentsslowlyfoundseatsonthebusandthetourbegan.ThespectacularlightdisplayslituptheirfacesandIevensawsomeeyesfillingup.Returningtotheseniors*home,theycouldn'tstoptalkingaboutallthey'dseenandthankedusagainandagain.Lookingattheirexcitedandgratefulfaces,we'dneverfeltwarmer.freedeliveryforalimitedtimebyclickinghere.Note:Thedevicecanonlybereturnedorexchangedifitarrivesdamaged,andyoumustpayinadvance.WhatistheadvantageofaMosquitron?Itischeaperthanotherdevices.B?Itdoesn*tneedbattery.Itissilentwhenworking.ItkillsmosquitoeswithUVlight.WhatcanyouenjoyifbuyingaMosquitrononlinenow?Ahighdiscount.B?Acheapdelivery.Returnwithoutreasons.Agreatgift.Whattypeofwritingisthispassage?A.Ananalysis. B.Anadvertisement.C.Astory. D.Areport.BIndreaminguptheprogrammeTennisandLiteracyforYouth,asamother,Ihadhopedtosharetwoofmypassions,tennisandreading,withchildren.Throughouttheyear,Ihadadvertisedforparticipantsatlocalelementaryschoolsandvolunteersatlocalhighschools.Withthehelpofkindpeople,Iappliedformoney.Iwasevenabletosecureacampsitefortheprogramme.Butonthefirstdayofcamp,inspiteofmycarefulplanning,thingsdidnotgothewayIhadhoped.HectorandAdrianexchangedblowswiththeirracquets（球拍）.Hectorstruggledtohisfeetmomentslater,coveringabloodynosewithonehand.GeorgieandEduardothrewballsateach02/17other.Thenduringthereadingtime,Iracedfromjoylesschildtodemandingchild,unabletoconvinceevenonetoopenabook.TheywouldratherbewatchingNickelodeonathome,Myleatoldme,than"learningstupidtennisandreadingboringbooks”.Thatevening,exhaustedasIwas,Icalledmyvolunteerstogetherforameeting,andredesignedtheentirecurriculum.Wecreatedagoodfellowsystem,whereeachvolunteerpairedwithacampertohelphimorherduringreadingtime.Toemphasizepraiseandprogress,weestablishedweeklyprizeceremonies,presentingawardsformostimprovedreading,tennisandbehavior.Inthefollowingdays,withthechaosandtheschedulechangesandthemeetings,thesechildren,onceinbadmoodduringreadingtime,untouchedbooksintheirlaps,begantofindjoyinreadingastoryandplayingtennis.Oneday,Myleashutthebookandaskedme,“CanItakethistoreadittomymomtonight?”Lookingupathereagerface,Icouldn'thelpmyself.Ijumpedtomyfeetandwrappedherinahug,liftingherrightofftheground."It'sallyours!”Ioverjoyed.Whatcanwelearnfromparagraph1?Theauthorwasateacherofahighschool.Volunteersfromlocalschoolsdonatedalotofmoney.Localschoolsinvitedtheauthortoplanareadingcamp.Theauthormadegoodpreparationsfortheprogramme..Whichcanbeusedtodescribethefirstdayofthecamp?A.Successful. B.Messy.C.Smooth. D.Boring.Howdidtheauthoradjusttheprogramme?Byreplacingthebookswithtennis.Byhelpingandinspiringthecampers.Bycallingonthechildrentoworkhard.Byemphasizingtheimportanceofreading.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A?Aproposalofbeingvolunteers.B?Animprovementoftheteachingfacilities.Asurveyonhowtohelpkidsovercomedifficulties.Anexperienceofintroducingreadingandtennistokids.CHighonthetopofCalifornia'sWhiteMountains,thehardconditionsmakeitdifficultforlifetotakeroot.Butforacertaintypeoftree-andforthosewhohavetravelledheretostudyit-thisplaceisaperfectplace.Thesebristleconepinesaretheoldestindividualtreesintheworld.ResearcherslikeAndyBunnhavecometolearnfromtheancients."It'sremarkabletosithereandhaveyourhandononeofthesetreesandknowthatitwasgrowingwhenthePyramidswerebuilt."Bunnadded.“Bystudyingsamples（樣本）fromthetrunks,it'spossibletodiscovertheirhiddenhistory.Eachannualtreeringislikeatimecapsuleoftheenvironmentforthatyearfromwhichitwasformed,“saidMattSalzer,ascientistattheUniversityofArizona'sLaboratoryofTreeRingResearch."Anditcontainsmanydifferenttypesofinformation-chemicalinformation,theinformationongrowth,andclimateinformation.v“Ifyou'retryingtolookatpeopleinthepastthroughtime,treeringsgiveyouawaytodoitinawaythatmakessenseinahumanlife,“saidUniversityofArizonaProfessorCharlottePearson.ShefirstbecamefascinatedwiththebristleconesafterreadingaboutanancientvolcaniceruptionontheGreekislandofSantorini,“Itblewmymindthattreesontheothersideoftheworldcouldpossiblybeusedtodatethisthingwithinasingleyear,“shesaidexcitedly.Theoldestknownlivingbristleconeisestimatedtobeover4,800yearsold.ForBunn,theclimaterecordwrittenintheringsoffersguidanceforhowwemightthinkaboutwhat'shappeninginthepresentasweplanforthefuture."Whatwe'reseeingincreasinglyisthatalotoftheclimateeventsthatweareexperiencingandlivingthroughrightnowhavenoexampleinthepaleoclimate（古氣候）record,“hesaid."So,wereallyaremovingintounknownfield/5WhydoesBunnmentionthePyramidsinparagraph2?A.Tostatethetrees*ageisveryold.B?Toprovehisdiscoveryisimportant.C.Toattractreaders*attention.D.Tostressthehardlivingconditionofthetrees.Whafsthethirdparagraphmainlyabout?A.Theresultoftheresearch.B?Theprocessoftheresearch.C.Themethodoftheresearch.D.Thesignificanceoftheresearch.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“Itblewmymind“inparagraph4probablymean?Itconfusedme.Itsurprisedme.Itdefeatedme.Itdisappointedme.Whatcanweinferfromthelastparagraph?Paleoclimaterecordishardtofind.Therearelotsofunknownthingsaboutpines.Studyingthetreeringsisimportantforclimateresearch.Therewerefrequentoccurrencesoftheextremeclimateevents.DManyemployeesthesedayseatlunchattheirdesks,becauseitseemslikeaharmlesswaytocram（填塞）moreworkintotheday.Theymightnotbesocasualaboutitiftheyknewthehabitwashelpingthempackonextrapounds.AstudyintheFebruaryissueoftheJournalofClinicalNutritionfoundpeoplewhoatewhiledistractedatemore,andfeltlessfullafterlunch,thanthosewhofocusedoneating.Researchersservedanine-itemlunchto44participantswhoweresplitintotwogroups.Onegroupwasaskedtoeatlunchwhileplayingacomputergameofsolitaire便氏牌）.Thesecondgroupatelunchwithoutdistractions.eating.Worseantswhoweredistractedbythegamefeltlessfullafterlunch,accordingtothestudy,ledbyRoseCooper,aresearcherinexperimentalpsychologyattheUniversityofBristol.Even30minuteslater,thesolitaire-playersgobbleddown（狼吞虎咽）moresnackswhentheywereoffered,comparedtothosewhohadfocusedoneating.Worseyet,whenresearchersaskedtheparticipantstorememberwhattheyhadeatenforlunch,thosewhohadbeenplayingsolitairehadamuchhardertimerememberingwhattheyhadconsumed.“Thefindingsmayhelptoexplainthewell-documentedconnectionbetweensedentary（久坐的）screen-timeactivitiesandoverweight,“thestudysays.Inadditiontocrowdingoutphysicalexercise,workingorplayinggamesonacomputermayalsocauseustogobbledownlargeramountsoffoodwithoutthinkingaboutitorevenrememberingthatwehaveeaten.Thefindingsholdtrueforme.IfImakethemistakeofputtingabagofchipsoraboxofcrackersonmydeskatdeadlinetime,Ioftenpackinthewholethingwithoutevenrealizingit.Ifmultitaskingmakesourmindswanderfromthetaskswethinkwearegettingdone,aswehavepostedinthepast,thenwhyshouldeatingbeanyexception?Howdidtheparticipantswithdistractionsreactafterlunchintheexperiment?Theyfeltfullenough.Theyconsumedmoresnacks.Theydidsportstoloseweight.Theyforgotallaboutthenineitems.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?Videogamesshouldbeforbiddenduringtheworkhours.B?Thegroupfocusingoneatingdobetterworkthantheother.Eatingintheofficeisharmfultotheworkoftheemployees.It'seasierforthosefocusingoneatingtolistwhattheyeat.Whatmayeatingwithdistractionscause?A. Lowefficiency. B. Laziness.C. Fatness. D. Absent-mindedness..Whatstheauthor'sattitudetowardstheresultofthestudy?A. Objective. B. Negative.C. Doubtful. D. Favorable.第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面的短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。.rden,yougetsunshine,freshairandexercise.36.Ifyoudonothaveenoughspace,timeormoneyforalargegarden,youcantrylittlecontainergardens..ghtplants.Inyourcontainers,youcancontrolthesoilandtheamountofwater,butnotthesunlight.37.Avoidplantsthatneeddeepsoil.Forexample,potatoesandcarrotsarenotsuitableforcontainergardeningsincetheyneeddeepsoiltogrowwell..Thissavesroomandsomeplantsmaygrowbetterwhenpairedwithanotherplant.However,notallplantsgrowwelltogether.Someplantshaveverydifferentwaterandsoilneeds.Also,donotgrowplantsinthesamepotiftheycompeteforthesamenutrients..plantsfromwind.Windcandamagepartsoftheplants.Itcanalsodrythemout.Choosealocationforyourgardenthathasshelterfromabuildingormakeyourownwindprotection,39..plantsregularlyandputthewaterdirectlyonthesoil.Itisbesttowaterearlyinthemorning.Ifyoucan'twatertheplantsinthemorning,watertheminthelateafternoonor