非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解定稿

非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞講解定稿第1頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)謂語(yǔ)：說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)所做的動(dòng)作或具有的特征和狀態(tài)。它有人稱、數(shù)、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。

e.g.He

works.

He

takescareof

thebaby.

He

willgo

toShanghai.

He

didn’tgo

toShanghai.

He

hasgone

toShanghai.

You

are

students.

You

looksmart.單謂語(yǔ)或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞/助動(dòng)詞+v.系動(dòng)詞+表語(yǔ)第2頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)非謂語(yǔ)：無(wú)人稱，數(shù)的變化，不單獨(dú)作謂語(yǔ)，但保留動(dòng)詞特點(diǎn)，可以有賓語(yǔ)或狀語(yǔ)。e.g.Heworks.

Hewants

towork

here.

Heis

working

now.

Hehas

donehiswork.

第3頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞：概述：2.非謂語(yǔ)詞：在句子中擔(dān)任謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞

是動(dòng)詞的特殊形式，在句中可以作除謂語(yǔ)外的所有成分(通俗地說(shuō)，就是不能作謂語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞變形）謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞判別謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞及非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的方法Shegotoffthebus,________(leave)herhandbagonherseat.2.Shegotoffthebus,but

______(leave)herhandbagonherseat.leavingleft第4頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)一個(gè)句子當(dāng)中，已經(jīng)存在一個(gè)主句（謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）,又沒(méi)有連詞的情況下,還有別的動(dòng)詞出現(xiàn)時(shí),這些動(dòng)詞就充當(dāng)了非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞.非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的使用條件1.Themantookoutthekey,_________(open)thedoorandenteredtheroom.2.Themansatthere,_________(read)abook.3._______(work)hard,andyouwillsucceed.4.Thequestion___________(discuss)atthemeeting

yesterdayisofgreatimportance.5.___________(improve)hisspokenEnglish,Mr.ZhanggoestotheEnglishcornereverySaturday.openedreadingWorkdiscussedToimprove由此可見(jiàn)，連詞在決定句子結(jié)構(gòu)以及謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的使用中起著關(guān)鍵的作用。第5頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)非謂語(yǔ)不定式（todo）V-ingV-edasanounasadj.oradv.現(xiàn)在分詞動(dòng)名詞過(guò)去分詞非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的分類表將來(lái)，主動(dòng)。表進(jìn)行，主動(dòng)表完成，被動(dòng)第6頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)Tomreturnedfromthemanager’soffice,tellingmethatthebosswantedtoseemeatonce.2.Thenewsmeeting,tobeheldinthathall,hasalreadybeencrowdedwithreporters.3.Iheardthegirlsingingintheclassroom.4.ThemantalkingwithmyfatherisMr.Wang.5.Toliveistostruggle.(生活就是斗爭(zhēng)。)找出下列句子中的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（含短語(yǔ)）第7頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

1.Toseeyouisglad.=It’sgladtoseeyou.

2.Iwanttoseeyou.

3.Iwanthimtoseeyou.

4.Myhopeistoseeyou.

5.Heisthemantoseeyou.

6.I’mgladtoseeyou.

7.Iwenttoseeyou.

8.Hewentsoearlyastoseeyou.（作主語(yǔ)）(作賓語(yǔ)）（作賓補(bǔ)）(作表語(yǔ)）（作定語(yǔ)）（作原因狀語(yǔ)）（作目的狀語(yǔ)）（作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)）第8頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)9.Swimmingishisfavoritesport.10.Heenjoysswimming.11.Ifoundhim

swimmingintheriver.12.Hisfavoritesportisswimming.13.Hisfavouritesportisswimmingintheriver.14.Heisthemanswimmingintheriverjustnow.15.Itisaswimming

pool.16.SwimminginSummer,wecangetcool.(作主語(yǔ))(作賓語(yǔ))(作賓補(bǔ))(作狀語(yǔ))(作定語(yǔ))(作定語(yǔ))(作表語(yǔ))第9頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

17.Theboywasveryexcited.

18.Theexcitedboyranhereandthere.

19.Itisa

brokencup.

20.Ifoundmywatch

takenaway.

21.Seenfromthetopofthehill,

thecitylooksverybeautiful.

（作賓補(bǔ)）(作表語(yǔ)）（作定語(yǔ)）（作狀語(yǔ)）（作定語(yǔ)）第10頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的句法作用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主語(yǔ)賓語(yǔ)表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ)賓補(bǔ)狀語(yǔ)不定式√√√√√√動(dòng)名詞√√√√現(xiàn)在分詞√√√√過(guò)去分詞√√√√高考熱點(diǎn)第11頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一.動(dòng)詞不定式的基本構(gòu)成由不定式符號(hào)to加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成。其否定式由not+不定式構(gòu)成主動(dòng)態(tài)被動(dòng)態(tài)一般式完成式進(jìn)行式完成進(jìn)行式todotohavedonetobedoingtohavebeendoingtobedonetohavebeendone第12頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)不定式時(shí)態(tài)的用法

1.不定式的動(dòng)作與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞同時(shí)發(fā)生時(shí)，或之后發(fā)生用一般時(shí)態(tài)。

1)Hewanted___________(see)you.2)Ihope___________(see)youagain.

2.強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式的動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行時(shí)，用進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。

WhenIcamein,hepretended_____________(read)abook.3.強(qiáng)調(diào)不定式的動(dòng)作在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞之前發(fā)生時(shí),用不定式完成時(shí)

Heissaid_____________(write)anovellastyear.toseetoseetobereadingtohavewritten第13頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

不定式被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法

當(dāng)不定式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是不定式的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)Itisanhonorformetobeaskedtospeakhere.Sheasked__________(send)toworkinTibet.Thebookissaid________________________(translate)intoEnglish.tobesenttohavebeentranslated4.強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去時(shí)，用完成進(jìn)行式

Sheissaid

(work)ontheproblemformanyyears.tohavebeenworking第14頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.InAustraliahemadealotoffriends

______averypracticalknowledgeofEnglish.A.getB.gettingC.togetD.got2.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle______.A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheardPractice第15頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)3.____late(遲起)

intheafternoon,Bobturnedoffthealarm.A.TosleepB.SleepingC.SleepD.Havingsleep4.Iwouldlove___tothepartylastnightbutIhadtoworkextrahourstofinishareport.A.togoB.havinggoneC.goingD.tohavegone第16頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)5.Thepatientwaswarned___oilyfoodaftertheoperation.A.toeatnotB.eatingnotC.nottoeatD.noteating6.Myteacherwasmade_____histeachingbecauseofpoorhealth.A.givingupB.togiveupC.giveupD.givenup7.IfoundtheGermanlanguagehard__.A.learnedB.learningC.tobelearnedD.tolearn第17頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)8.___aliving,shehadtoworkfrommorningtillnight.A.TomakeB.MadeC.MakingD.Tohavemade9.Theboypretended____whenhismotherentered.A.readingB.toreadC.tobereadingD.beingread10.Wefinditimpossibleforthework___aheadoftime.A.tofinishB.finishingC.beingfinishedD.tobefinished第18頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)時(shí)態(tài)\語(yǔ)態(tài)主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)一般式

完成式v-ing形式的語(yǔ)法形式v-ing形式無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化,但有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化.其否定式由not+doing二、v-ing形式doinghavingdonebeingdone

havingbeendone非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)第19頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.分詞的動(dòng)作和謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作同時(shí)發(fā)生,用v-ing形式一般時(shí)態(tài).___________(ill),hedidn’tgotoschool.___________

(notknow)whattodonext,hewenttohisteacherforadvice.v-ing形式時(shí)態(tài)的用法BeingillNotknowing

2.如果分詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生在謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)作之前,分詞就要用完成時(shí)。_____________(do)hishomework,theboywentouttoplay.______________(write)hiscomposition,hebegantodohisMathshomework.Havingdone

Havingwritten

第20頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1._____________(see)thefilmmanytimes,hedidn’tgotoseeitlastnight.2.Theysatthereonthestone,________(talk)witheachother.3.________(use)yourhead,youwillfindaway.4.Themotherdied,_______

(leave)fivechildrenbehind.Havingseen

talking

Using

leavingFillintheblanks.第21頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

當(dāng)動(dòng)詞-ing形式的邏輯主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)，就要用動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。動(dòng)詞-ing形式的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)1.____________(kill)bysharksintheseaisacommonthing.2.Hewasafraidof______________(scold)bytheteacher.3.Thebirdescaped____________(catch).4._________________(give)suchagoodchance,howwouldyounotvalueitatall?5.Iremember______________(tell)thestory.

BeingkilledbeingscoldedHavingbeengivenhavingbeentoldbeingcaught第22頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.____________(ask)toputonperformance,sherefused.2.Hedisliked_________________(interrupt)inhisexperiment.3._________________(give)suchagoodchance,youshouldcatchit.BeingaskedFillintheblanks.beinginterruptedHavingbeengiven第23頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)4.Ididn’tmind__________(leave)athome.5.Thehousewants_______(clean).6.Hecameinwithout___________(ask).7.__________________(show)aroundthelibrary,weweretakentoseethelab.beingleftcleaningbeingaskedHavingbeenshown第24頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.---WhatmadeBillsoangry?---___.Hisgirlfriendpromisedtocomeat8:30,butshehasn’tcomeyet.A.HavingkeptwaitingB.BeingkeptwaitingC.TobekeptwaitingD.BeingkeptwaitedPractice第25頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

2.________thepiano,someonesuddenlyknockedatthedoor.A.PlayingB.WhenIwasplayingC.RepairingD.Examining

3.Mothercaughttheboy______inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.beingsmokedD.smoking第26頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

4.Thebuilding___inourschoolisforusteachers.Thoughthere’snoisemostoftheday,westillfeelhappyaboutit.A.builtB.havingbeenbuiltC.tobebuiltD.beingbuilt第27頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

5.______theprogramme,theyhavetostaythereforanother2weeks..A.NotcompletingB.NotcompletedC.NothavingcompletedD.Havingnotcompleted第28頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

6.Thesquirrelwasluckythatitjustmissed___.A.catchingB.tobecaughtC.beingcaughtD.tocatch第29頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)7.“Wecan’tgooutinthisweather”,saidBob,____outofthewindow.A.lookingB.tolookC.lookedD.havinglooked

8.Though_____money,hisparentsmanagedtosendhimtouniversity.A.lackedB.lackingofC.lackingD.lackedin

第30頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

9.Whileshopping,peoplesometimescan’thelp___intobuyingsomethingtheydon’treallyneed.A.topersuadedB.persuadingC.beingpersuadedD.bepersuaded第31頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

10.Thebell_______theendoftheperiodrang,______ourheateddiscussion.A.indicating;interruptingB.indicated;interruptingC.indicating;interruptedD.indicated;interrupted第32頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)11.___manytimes,theboystilldidn’tknowhowtodotheexercises.A.HavingtaughtB.HavingbeentaughtC.taughtD.Teaching第33頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

12.Suddenly,atallmandrivingagoldencarriage_____thegirlandtookheraway,____intothewoods.A.seizing;disappearedB.seized;disappearedC.seizing;disappearingD.seized;disappearing第34頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

13._________thewholestory,Janedecidednottoseethefilm.A.HavingbeentoldB.HavingtoldC.BeentoldD.Telling第35頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

14.______inthequeueofhalfanhour.Tomsuddenlyrealizedthathehadlefthiswalletathome.A.TowaitB.HavewaitedC.HavingwaitedD.Tohavewaited

15.Thepicture_____onthewallispaintedbymynephew.A.HavinghungB.hangingC.hangsD.beinghung第36頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)16.Doyoumind___aloneathome?A.JaneleavingB.JanehavingleftC.Jane’sbeingleftD.Janetobeleft

第37頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)Thankyou!第38頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)(1)、過(guò)去分詞的語(yǔ)法形式過(guò)去分詞無(wú)人稱和數(shù)的變化,也沒(méi)有時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)的變化。(done)表示被動(dòng)或完成(2)、過(guò)去分詞的句法功能具有形容詞和副詞的特征,可充當(dāng)成分:

表語(yǔ)定語(yǔ),賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ)三、done形式非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)第39頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.Theglassis______(break).2.Theyweredeeply______(move).3.Thebuilding

_____(build)lastyear

canhold1,000people.4.WhenIwalkedhome,Isawaman_______(catch)bythepolice.5.______(see)

fromthetopofthehill,thetownlooksevenmorebeautiful.6.Deeply______(move)bythestory,thechildrenbegantocry.brokenmovedbuiltcaughtSeenmoved

(過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ),相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞,說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài))(過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ),表被動(dòng)）(過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表被動(dòng)）(過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表被動(dòng)）第40頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)辨析幾類情況：第41頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

1.動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)往往表示泛指的、一般的行為;不定式做主語(yǔ)常表示某次具體的行為或?qū)?lái)的動(dòng)作。Climbingmountainsisgreatfun.爬山很有趣。TovisitChinaismynextgoal.2.不定式做主語(yǔ)，一般用it當(dāng)形式主語(yǔ)，把作主語(yǔ)的不定式短語(yǔ)后置。Ittookmeonlyfiveminutestofinishthejob.3.動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)有時(shí)用it作形式主語(yǔ)，把動(dòng)名詞置于句尾。常見(jiàn)于以下句型中：It’snouse/good/…It’sfun/useful/nice/useless…

e.gIt’sniceseeingyouagain.

一、不定式與動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)：第42頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.

_____alanguagerequirestimeandeffort.

A.Learn

B.Learning

C.TolearnD.Beinglearned2.Itisnotalwayseasy________invitations.

A.torefuseB.refusingC.toberefused D.beingrefused3.How__________theproblemwillbediscussedat

tomorrow’smeeting.

A.tosolve

B.tobesolved

C.beingsolved

D.solving4.Itisnogood__________.Youshouldgive_________.

A.tosmoke,itup

B.smoking,itup

C.smoking,upit

D.tosmoke,upit

第43頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

二、不定式與動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)：1.下列動(dòng)詞后常跟不定式做賓語(yǔ)：

want,wish,hope,expect,ask,afford,agree,choose,pretend,decide,happen,learn,offer,refuse,fail,plan,prepare,order,manage,promise,intend等。e.g.Heagreed

togetsomeonetohelpus.Theypromised

nottobreaktheschoolrules

again.

第44頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)只能接不定式作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞口訣：

決定想做計(jì)劃需要同意能做被用來(lái)做的事迫不及待下決心做過(guò)去常常未能做的事

decidetodosth.決定做某事

want∕wouldliketodosth.想做某事

plantodosth.計(jì)劃做某

needtodosth.需要做某事

agreetodosth.同意做某事

affordtodo能做某事

beusedtodo被用來(lái)做

can’twaittodo迫不及待地要做某事

makeupone’smindtodo下決心做某事

usedtodo過(guò)去常常做某事

failtodo未能做某事第45頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

2.在下列動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)后常用動(dòng)名詞做賓語(yǔ)：admit,advise,allow,avoid,bear,cannothelp,consider,delay,enjoy,finish,giveup,imagine.include,keep,keepon,mind,miss,putoff,permit,practice,resist,risk,suggest,stand,insiston,bebusy,beworth,feellike,can’tstand,thinkof,dreamof,befondof,prevent…(from),keep…from,stop…(from),protect…from,beengagedin,spend…(in),succeedin,admitto,be/get/becomeusedto,beequalto,devote…to,getdownto,lookforwardto,objectto,stickto,taketo,seeto,leadto,payattentionto等。

第46頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

只能接-ing作賓語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞口訣：

喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí)

錯(cuò)過(guò)建議保持介意值得考慮（押韻）第47頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)喜歡花費(fèi)忙著想象忍不住想要結(jié)束練習(xí)

enjoydoingsth.喜歡做某事

spend...doingsth.花費(fèi)…做某事

bebusydoingsth.忙于做…

imaginesb.doingsth.想象…做某事

can'thelpdoingsth.忍不住做某事

feellikedoingsth.想要做某事

finishdoingsth.完成做某事

practicedoingsth.練習(xí)做某事第48頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

missdoingsth.錯(cuò)過(guò)做某事

suggestdoingsth.建議做某事

keep(on)doingsth.保持（繼續(xù)）做某事

minddoingsth.介意做某事

beworthdoingsth.值得做某事

considerdoingsth.考慮做某事錯(cuò)過(guò)建議保持介意值得考慮第49頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

介詞+doing

?？冀樵~:at,in,onof,off,for,fromup,about,withoutto等等第50頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)begoodatdoingsth擅長(zhǎng)做某事

beinterestedindoingsth.對(duì)做某事感興趣

insistondoing堅(jiān)持做某事

beusedfordoingsth.被用來(lái)做某事

thanksb.fordoingsth.謝謝某人做某事

betiredofdoingsth.厭煩做某事

beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事第51頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)putoffdoing推遲做某事stopsb.fromdoingsth.阻止某人做某事giveupdoingsth.放棄做某事withoutdoingsth.沒(méi)有做某事thinkaboutdoingsth.考慮做某事What∕Howaboutdoing做某事怎么樣?第52頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)此to非彼tolookforwardtodoingsth.（盼望）

payattentiontodoingsth.（注意）

beusedtodoingsth.（習(xí)慣于）

preferdoingsthtodoingsth.（更喜歡）

devotetodoingsth（致力于）

makeacontributiontodoing（做貢獻(xiàn)）第53頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)特殊詞精講:tododoingrememberforger(do在后)要做（do在前）做過(guò)stopgoon（兩個(gè)字）兩件事（一個(gè)字）一件事likehatelove一次性長(zhǎng)期try盡力做嘗試做startbegin一樣

一樣

第54頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)stopdoing/todostoptodo停下來(lái)去做另一件事，stopdoing停止正在做的某事。Eg:他們停下來(lái)吸煙。Theystoptosmoke.我必須戒煙了Imuststopsmoking.第55頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)forgettodo忘記要去做某事，forgetdoing忘記做過(guò)某事。Eg：辦公室的燈還在亮著，他忘記關(guān)了。(沒(méi)有做關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作Thelightintheofficeisstillon.Heforgottoturnitoff.他忘記他已經(jīng)關(guān)了燈了。（已做過(guò)關(guān)燈的動(dòng)作）Heforgotturningthelightoff.forgetdoing/todo

第56頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)rememberdoing/todoremembertodo記得去做某事rememberdoing記得做過(guò)某事記著放學(xué)后去趟郵局。Remembertogotothepostofficeafterschool.

你不記得以前見(jiàn)過(guò)那個(gè)人嗎?Don'tyourememberseeingthemanbefore?第57頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)goondoing/todogoontodo做了一件事后，接著做另一件事，goondoing繼續(xù)做原來(lái)做的事。Eg：做完數(shù)學(xué)后，他接著去做物理。Afterhehadfinishedhismaths，hewentontodohisphysics.做完這個(gè)練習(xí)后，接著做其他的練習(xí)Goondoingotherexercisesafteryouhavefinishedthisone.第58頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)trydoing/todosth.trytodosth.努力,盡力做某事Althoughmathsisdifficult,Iwilltrytostudyit.trydoingsth.試著做某事Themachinecouldn’twork.Let’stryrepairingit.第59頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)小試牛刀1.Nowmoreandmorepeoplearebusy_____abouttheInternet.A.learnB.tolearnC.learningD.learned2.-It'stoohot.Wouldyoumind_____thedoor?-______.Pleasedoit.

A.toopen;OK

B.opening;Certainlynot

C.opening;Ofcourse

D.toopen;Goodidea3.Nomatterhowharditis,we'llkeep_____untilwemakeit.A.failedB.failingC.triedD.trying第60頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)4.-Areyouenjoying_____inNingbo?

-Yes,weare.Verymuch.A.toliveB.livingC.livesD.lived5．Wecouldn’thelp_____(laugh)afterweheardthefunnystoryA.tolaughB.laughingC.laughsD.laughed第61頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

6.Hegaveussomeadviceonhow____English.A.learningB.learnedC.tolearnD.learn7.It’sapayday,andtheyarewaiting____.A.payB.payingC.paidD.tobepaid8.Idon’tknowwhetheryouhappen

,butI’mgoingtostudyintheU.S.AthisSeptember.A．tobeheard B.tobehearingC．tohear D.tohaveheard

第62頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)9.Iforgot_____mynamewhenIfinished____thecomposition.A.tosign,towritingB.tosign,writingC.signing,writing10.---Youwerebraveenoughtoraisedobjectionsatthemeeting.---Well,nowIregret____that.A.todoB.tobedoingC.tohavedoneD.havingdone11.Shecan’thelp____thehousebecauseshe’sbusymakingacake.A.tocleanB.cleaningC.cleanedD.beingcleaned第63頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

12.Martinlookssowell.We’veneverseenhim____sowellbefore.

A.islookedB.islooking

C.tolookD.look13.Myfatherhasdecided______becausesmokingisbadforhishealth.A.tostoptosmokeB.tostopsmokingC.stoppingsmokingD.stoptosmoke14Itiskind___metocarrythesebooks.A.ofyouhelpingB.foryoutohelp

C.ofyoutohelpD.foryouhelping第64頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)15.—Wouldyoulike___somebreadorbiscuits?

—Nothanks.Idon’tfeellike

anythingnow.A.tohave,eatingB.tohave,toeatC.having,toeatD.having,eating16.—Doyourememberme,Tom?

—Ah,yes,Iremembered_____youinJUSCOlastyear.A.seeB.seesC.toseeD.seeing第65頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)三、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做表語(yǔ)

1.表示一定的概念，具有名詞的性質(zhì)時(shí)，不定式和動(dòng)名詞可以互換。

e.g.Myhobbyiscollecting/tocollectancientcoins.2.若表示具體的、個(gè)別的動(dòng)作或有將來(lái)含義時(shí)，一般用不定式。

e.g.Mywishistofindapart-timejobthissummer.3.現(xiàn)在分詞和過(guò)去分詞作表語(yǔ)具有形容詞特征,也可以作為形容詞。但要注意二者的區(qū)別

e.g.Thepartywasveryexciting.Theywereveryexcitedatthenews．第66頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.Herwishis__________anengineer.

A.becoming

B.become

C.tobecome

D.beingcome2.Somepeople’sgreatestpleasureis______.

A.fishing

B.tofish

C.tobefishing

D.beingfish3.Thereportwasso_______thattheywereall__________.

A.inspiring,exciting

B.inspiring,excited

C.inspired,excited

D.inspired,exciting4.---“Youlookpale.”

---“Ifeelalittle__________.”A.tire B.tired C.tiring D.tiresome

第67頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)四、不定式、動(dòng)名詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)

1.不定式做定語(yǔ)放在所修飾的名詞后，表示未發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或?qū)⒁l(fā)生的某一動(dòng)作。

e.g.ThetraintoarriveisfromLondon．

Heisalwaysthefirsttocome

andthelasttoleave.2.動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)往往說(shuō)明所修飾詞的某種用途，一般放在被修飾詞的前面。

e.g.awashingmachine（動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，=amachinewhichisusedforwashing）洗衣機(jī)

areadingroom（動(dòng)名詞做定語(yǔ)，=aroomwhichisusedforreading）閱覽室第68頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)3.

現(xiàn)在分詞作定語(yǔ)表示主動(dòng)、正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)則表示被動(dòng)、或完成的意義。單個(gè)分詞或形容詞性的分詞作定語(yǔ)往往放在被修飾詞的前面；分詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ)多置于被修飾詞后面。

e.g.therisingsun（現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，=thesunwhichisrising）正在升起的太陽(yáng)thechangingworld（現(xiàn)在分詞做定語(yǔ)，=theworldwhichischanging）變化中的世界amovingmovie感人的電影excitedvoice激動(dòng)的聲音（形容詞性分詞作定語(yǔ)）fallenleaves落葉abrokencup一個(gè)破了的杯子（過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)則表示被動(dòng)、或完成）第69頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.Shesaidshehadaimportantmeeting____.A.toattendinB.toattendC.attendD.attending2.Heisalwaysthefirst______questions.A.toanswerB.answeringC.tobeansweredD.beinganswered3.TheOlympicGames_______intheyear2012willbeagreatsuccess.A.beingheldB.tobeheldC.heldD.tohold4.Thefirsttextbooks____forteachingEnglishasaforeignlanguagecameoutinthe16thcentury.A.havingwrittenB.tobewrittenC.beingwrittenD.written第70頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)5.Atpresent,Englishisthemainsubject___________here.A.tobetaughtB.beingtaughtC.teachingD.tobeteaching6.---"Whoarethosepeoplewiththebanner?"---"Agroup_______itselftheLeagueforpeace."A.callingB.callsC.calledD.iscalled7.Thepen__________belongstome.A.whichitisonthetableB.lyingonthetableC.isonthetableD.whichonthetable第71頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)五、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)1.在“動(dòng)詞+賓語(yǔ)+不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，“賓語(yǔ)+不定式”構(gòu)成了復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)。

有些動(dòng)詞要求不定式不帶to，有些要求必須帶to，還有的帶與不帶都可以?！褚韵聞?dòng)詞后常跟帶符號(hào)to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：

ask,tell,want,wish,order,persuade,advise,allow,warn,encourage,cause,require等。e.g.Thedoctoradvisedhimtostayinbedforanotherfewdays.Wewishhimtoremainandacceptthepost.

我們希望他留下來(lái)接受這個(gè)職位。第72頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

接不定式作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)的動(dòng)詞口訣：

請(qǐng)求與命令想要邀請(qǐng)期待鼓勵(lì)與建議答應(yīng)告誡允許提醒和幫助asksb.todosth.請(qǐng)求某人做某事

ordersb.todosth.命令某人做某事

wantsb.todosth.想要某人做某事

invitesb.todosth.邀請(qǐng)某人做某事

expectsb.todosth.期待某人做某事

encouragesb.todosth.鼓勵(lì)某人做某事

advisesb.todosth.建議某人做某事promisesb.todo答應(yīng)某人做某事

warnsb.nottodosth.告誡某人做某事

allowsb.todosth.允許某人做某事

remindsb.todosth.提醒某人做某事

helpsb.(to)dosth.幫助某人做某事第73頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)●有些感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞，如see,watch,hear,feel,notice,observe,lookat,listento,let,have,make,keep,get等后常跟不帶符號(hào)to的不定式做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，常表動(dòng)作的整個(gè)過(guò)程。

e.g.Wenoticedhimenterthehouse.

我們留意到他進(jìn)了那所房子。

Thebossmadethemworktwelvehoursaday.

老板讓他們一天干12小時(shí)工作。第74頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)

省略to的情況:使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞后：一感二聽(tīng)三讓四看feel/hear,listento/let,make,have,/lookat,see,watch,noticehadbetter（not）dosth.最好(不)做…whynot/whydon’tyoudosth為什么不做…?helpsb.（to）dosthWouldrather寧愿做…wouldyouplease情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do助動(dòng)詞+do第75頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)牛刀小試1.

Mymotheroftenasksme_____somecleaningonSundaysAdoB.doesC.didD.todo2.

–DoyouoftenhearJohn_____inhisroom?–Listen!Nowwecanhearhim__inhisroom.A.sing,tosingB.sing,singC.sing,singingD.tosing,singing3.

Iwatchedher___inthenextroomlastnight.

A.dancingB.todanceC.dancesD.dance4.Let’s______swimmingaftertheexam.A.goB.goesC.togoD.went5.

You’dbetter_______abus.A.tocatchB.catchC.catchesD.catching第76頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)6.ThedoctoradvisedLaoLi____morerest.A.thathegetB.togetC.wouldgetD.get7.Soontheysawtheboy____inthecrowd.A.disappearB.todisappearC.disappearsD.disappeared8.Birdsareseldomheard_____atnight.A.singB.singingC.tosingD.tobesinging

第77頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)2.現(xiàn)在分詞做補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)分兩種情況：●形容詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)e.g.Ifindthebookveryinteresting.我發(fā)現(xiàn)這本書(shū)非常有趣。（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）Theboyisfoundveryannoying.發(fā)現(xiàn)這個(gè)小男孩很令人討厭.（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）●動(dòng)詞性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)：感官動(dòng)詞和使役動(dòng)詞,如see,watch,hear,feel,notice,observe,lookat,listen

to,let,have,make,keep,get等后可以跟表示動(dòng)作性質(zhì)的現(xiàn)在分詞作補(bǔ)足語(yǔ),表示“正在或持續(xù)做某事”。e.g.Iseehimpassingbyabank.我看見(jiàn)他正經(jīng)過(guò)一家銀行。（賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）Hewasseenworkinginthegarden.有人看見(jiàn)他正在花園里干活。（主語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)）第78頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.Hekeptme__________formanyhours.A.towaitB.havingbeenwaitedC.waitingD.waited2.Mothercaughttheboy__________inthecorner.A.smokeB.tosmokeC.smokingD.beingsmoked3.HavingreadtheEmperor'sNewClothes,weallfoundit___.A.interestB.interestedC.interestingD.tointerest第79頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)區(qū)分下列詞組:seesb.doing/dosth.hearsb.doing/dosth.watchsb.doing/dosth.noticesb.doing/dosth.第80頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)感官動(dòng)詞see,watch,lookat,notice,hear,listento,feel+do表示動(dòng)作的完整性，+doing表示動(dòng)作的進(jìn)行性。注意：被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中不能省去to。第81頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)3.過(guò)去分詞(done)做賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，說(shuō)明賓語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)，與賓語(yǔ)一起構(gòu)成復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，其前的賓語(yǔ)是它的邏輯主語(yǔ)。●若是及物動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，既表示被動(dòng)，也可以表示動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成（即先于謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞）?！袢羰遣患拔飫?dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞，則只表示完成?！窬渥佑芍鲃?dòng)變被動(dòng)時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)相應(yīng)的變?yōu)橹髡Z(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。

Thebossfoundhisplancarriedoutsuccessfully.Theboywasfoundlostintheforest.HaveyouheardthissongsunginJapanese?(賓補(bǔ))ThissongisoftenheardsungeverywhereinChina.(主補(bǔ))第82頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)1.Ineedthischapter__________beforetomorrow.A.rewritingB.rewrittenC.rewriteD.towriteagain2.Whenshereturnedhome,shefoundthewindowopenandsomething__________.A.tostealB.losingC.missedD.stolen

3.Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldnotmakehimself_________.A.beingheardB.heardC.hearingD.hear

第83頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)六、不定式、現(xiàn)在分詞、過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)1.不定式做狀語(yǔ)，主要表示目的、結(jié)果、原因以及評(píng)論性狀語(yǔ)?！癫欢ㄊ酵旁谙当斫Y(jié)構(gòu)后面，表示產(chǎn)生某種情緒或狀態(tài)的原因。e.g.ShewassurprisedtoseeJimwalkin.看到吉姆進(jìn)來(lái)，她很驚訝?！癫欢ㄊ娇梢詥为?dú)作目的狀語(yǔ)，有時(shí)為了強(qiáng)調(diào)目的性,在不定式前可以加上inorder,soas。e.g.Tosucceed,onemustfirstofallbelievein

himself.

Inordertokeepwarm,weshutallthewindows.第84頁(yè)/共131頁(yè)●不定式表結(jié)果,常用在too…to,enough…to結(jié)構(gòu)中。有時(shí)不定式前加上only,表示出人意料的結(jié)果。e.g.Thechildisoldenoughtodresshimself.Wehurriedtothestationonlytobetoldthatthetrainhadleft.Thehusbandlefthiswife,nevertoreturn.

●有些不定式是用來(lái)表示說(shuō)話者的觀點(diǎn)或態(tài)