2023屆廣西壯族自治區(qū)玉林高中高三畢業(yè)班摸底測試（一模）英語試題

2023屆廣西壯族自治區(qū)高三畢業(yè)班摸底測試（一模）英語試題一、閱讀理解SmithsonianAssociatesProgramsStreaminginSeptemberSmithsonianAssociatesStreamingcontinuesthroughSeptemberwithdifferentprogramsproducedbytheworld’slargestmuseum-basededucationalprogram.Wednesday,September1HowdidAmericatransformfromacountrythatreliedonarelativelyhealthyandnutritiousfoodsystemtooneinwhichthedailydietisfilledwithfat,sugarandultra-processedunhealthyfoods?HistorianAllenPietrobonstudiesthechangesinAmericancuisinesincetheendofWWII,highlightingafewkeyeventsthatcompletelychangedhowandwhatAmericanseat.Time:9a.m.Price:$20-$25Thursday,September9TheNationalArchaeologyMuseumisoneofthemostimpressiveexhibitionsoftreasuresfromPompeii,Herculaneumandtheirsistertowns.JoinarthistorianandtourguideLauraR.WeinsteinlivefromRomeasshehighlightssomeofthemostfascinatingcollectionsofthisculturalgem(瑰寶)inNaples.Time:12p.m.Price:$20-$25Tuesday,September14Overthecenturies,NotreDameCathedralhassurvivedcountlessthreatstoitssurvival,becomingasymbolofthehistoricalandculturalheritageofParisandallofFrance.ArthistorianJudyScottFeldmansurveysthecathedral’shistoryandtheongoingrestorationandhistoricpreservationeffortstoreturnthecathedraltoitsconditionbeforethedisastrousfireinApril,2019.Time:12p.m.Price:$20-$25Monday,September20JoingeologistKirtKempterforanexplorationofthesplendidsceneryandgeologyofthenorthernRockyMountains.FromtheLakeLouisenearBanfftothemagicviewsalongGoing-to-theSunRoadatGlacier,adeepgeologichistorycreatedtheseimpressivelandscapes,whicharenowappointedasWorldHeritageSites.Time:7p.m.Price:$25-$301．WhocanhelpyouifyouareinterestedinAmericandiet?A．AllenPietrobon. B．LauraR.Weinstein.C．JudyScottFeldman. D．KirtKempter.2．Whencanyoulearnhowadestroyedarchitectureisbeingrepaired?A．OnSeptember1. B．OnSeptember9.C．OnSeptember14. D．OnSeptember20.3．Whatcanyoudobyjoiningaprogramat7p.m.?A．Learnthehistoryofancientbuildings.B．Takeatriptoabeautifulgeologicpark.C．Enjoyageologictourofageographicalsite.D．Attendanimpressiveexhibitioninamuseum.I’vebeenkeepinganhonestyjournalforthepastseveralmonths.ThedayIstartedthejournal,my6-year-olddaughteraskedmeifthecatreallywenttosleeplastyear,andifthatactuallymeantthatIhadkilledhim.Isighed,wonderingifIshouldwaittostartthishonestyprojectuntilshewasgrown-up.ButIbraveditandtoldherthatIhadmadethechoiceforhimtodie,becausehewassufferingandIwantedhimtobeatpeace.Shelostinterestabouthalfwaythroughmyexplanation.Itstruckmethatthechoicetolieorbehonestwasoftenachoicebetweentwoequallyundesirablethings.Tellingmydaughterthetruthdidnotmakemehappier,butlyingwouldn’thaveeither.Overall,IfoundthatIstruggledmorewiththesmallinstancesofhonesty,ratherthanthebig.So,whenaclientaccidentallypaidmetwiceforaproject,therewasnointernaldebate.Itwas$1,000,soobviously,Inotifiedtheclient.ButwhentheMcDonald’sdrive-throughcashiergavemeanextradollarinchangeandthelinehadbeensolongandmykidswereactingcrazyinthebackseat...itwasadifferentstory.EventhoughIgavethedollarback,Ialmostdidn’t,becauseanextradollarwassuchasmallthingandseemedsomehowjustified.Eventhoughhonestyfeltlikeastruggle,Istartedtolikehowitfelt.WhenIwasmorehonest,Itendedtofeelbetteraboutmyrelationshipsandmyself.Ilikethesaying,“Everybodywantsthetruth,butnobodywantstobehonest.”Ididn’talwayswanttobehonest.ButIwantedthetruth,andthisfocusonhonestyhelpedmefeelthatIwasdoingmypart.Thebottomlineisthatfocusingonhonestyisawaytoactivelyengagewiththeworld,insteadofpassivelycomplainingaboutit.Itmightevenmakeyoufeellikeyouhavegoldinyourbrain.4．Howdidtheauthor’sdaughterreacttoherexplanation?A．Shepaidlittleattentiontoit.B．Shethoughtitwasincredible.C．Shewouldrathertheauthorliedtoher.D．Shewasverysadandblamedtheauthor.5．Whatlessondidtheauthorlearnfromthecatevent?A．Tellingawhiteliewasnotacceptable.B．Makingthechoiceforthecatwaswrong.C．Lyingandbeinghonestwereatrickypair.D．Tellingthetruthcouldmakepeoplehappy.6．WhatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbymentioningherMcDonald’sexperience?A．It’scrazytochoosetobehonest.B．Peoplearelikelytohavetwocharacters.C．It’sthesmallinstancesthattestone’shonesty.D．Peopletendtoignorehonestyconcerningsmallthings.7．Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardhonesty?A．Itisimpossibletoexpectit. B．Itisgoodtofocusonit.C．Itisreasonabletopopularizeit. D．Itishardtolearnfromit.Massiveheatwavesanddroughtsarealreadybecomingathreattofarmers.Overthenextthreedecades,California’sSanJoaquinValleyalonecouldloseupto535,000acresoffarmlandasaresultoftheshortageofwatersupplies.JenniferBrophy,anassistantprofessorofbioengineeringatStanford,isworkingonmethodsshehopeswillbeusedtochangecommercialplantspeciessotheycansurvivesevereconditions.Sheisdevelopingnewgeneticengineeringtechniquesthatcanhelpplantsgrowinavarietyofdifferentconditions.Bychangingthegenome(基因組)ofbothcommercialcropsandsoilbacteria,shethinksitmaybepossibletohelpplantssurvivedroughts.Tomakeplantsrespondtoextremeclimate,Brophyisbuildingwhatshecalls“geneticcircuits(基因回路).”Inadditiontochangingthegeneswithinplantcells,thismethodalsochangeshowandwhenthosegenesareactivated(激活).Iftheplantsensesaspecificsugar,itcanexpressoneprotein;ifitsensesanothersignal,it’llexpressadifferentprotein,kickingoffanentirelyseparatechainofevents.Ifbothsignalsarethere,theplantmaybeabletoexpresssomethingelseentirely.“Usingcircuits,youcanhaveplantsrespondinnewwaystoallthesedifferentinputs,”shesays.Humanscanlearnfromtheweatherforecastwhetherit’sgoingtobereallyhotorreallydryinthenextcoupleofweekssothatwecanplanaccordingly.“Aplantdoesn’tnecessarilyknowwhat’scoming.Itjustknowsifit’shotormildrightnow,”saysBrophy.Thiscanleadtoproblemswhenweatherbecomesunstable.Aplantthatusuallyflowersinspringmayflowerinwinterifthereareafewunseasonablywarmdays.Whentemperaturesfallagain,theflowersdieandruinayearofcrops.“It’dbegreattobeabletocommunicatewithplantstotellthem,‘hey,youshouldwaitonthatflowering,’”sheadds.Controllingplants’growthatthislevelisanexcitingprospect,butactuallyputtingitintopracticeisalongwayoff.Atthemoment,BrophyistestingtheconceptinthelabusingasmallweedyplantcalledArabidopsis,tryingtofigureouthowtoactivatecertaingenesoncommand.8．Whatproblemarefarmersfacedwithaccordingtothetext?A．Theshortageofstronglabourforce.B．Thewaterpollutioncausedbyfactories.C．Thepressureoffeedingagrowingpopulation.D．Theharmfuleffectofclimatechangeonfarming.9．Whatistheexpectedadvantageof“geneticcircuits”?A．Increasingfarmland. B．Controllingplants’growth.C．Tellingtheweatherinadvance. D．Protectingplantsfromextremeweather.10．WhatdoweknowaboutBrophy’sresearch?A．Itisstillinitsearlystages. B．Ithasbeenputintopractice.C．Ithasledtoseriousproblems. D．Itisfundedbythegovernment.11．What’sthetextmainlyabout?A．Ascientificbreakthroughinbioengineering.B．Avictoriousbattleagainstglobalwarming.C．Anewtypeofplantresistanttoheatwaves.D．Awaytohelpcropssurvivesevereconditions.TuneintoacollegefootballmatchinAmerica,andyoumightthinkthatyouarewatchingaprofessionalratherthananamateursport.Thebiggeststadiumsroutinelyfillover100,000seats.Corporatesponsorshipsarecommon.Televisionbroadcastsarefilledwithadsforexpensivepick-uptrucksandbeers.Inall,America’scollegeathleticdepartmentsbroughtinacombined$18.1bnofrevenue(收益)in2017,upfrom$9.8bnin2007.Despitethepopularityoftheiroutput,collegeathletesreceivenosalary.TheNationalCollegeAthleticAssociation(NCAA),whichgovernscollegesports,haslongforbiddenitsplayerstoreceiveanyreward.Theordinancehascausedpublicdiscussionanddisagreement.Afteryearsoflegalchallengesandintensepublicscrutiny(監(jiān)督),theNCAA’srestrictiononpayingstudentathletesisatlaststartingtocrack.OnSeptember10th,Californiapassedabillwhichwouldallowathletesatcollegesinthestatewithprofitablesportsprogramstohireagentsandearnmoneyonthesidethroughsponsorshipdealsorautograph(簽名)sales.Thebillstillneedstobesignedbythegovernor,andwouldnotcomeintoeffectuntil2023.Somelawmakerswouldliketogoonestepfurther.SenatorBernieSandersputitplainlyonTwitter:“Collegeathletesareworkers.Paythem.”Yettreatingathletesasemployeescouldmakethingsmorecomplicated.Wouldthismeanthatcollegeswouldpaytheirfemaleplayersasmuchasmales,forexample,evenifthemenbringinmorerevenue?RichardBorghesi,aneconomistattheUniversityofSouthFlorida-Sarasota,haswrittenapairofpaperslookingathowmuchtopathleteswouldmakeiftheywerepaidaccordingtotheirabilitytogeneraterevenuefortheircolleges.MrBorghesiestimatesthatthetop10%offootballand16%ofbasketballplayerswouldbepaidaround$400,000and$250,000ayearrespectively.TheNCAAopposesCalifornia’sefforts.Theassociationnotesthatcollegeathletesarealreadyrewardedintheformofscholarships,andarguesthattheyshouldn’tgetanyfurtherrewardasamateurplayers.TheNCAAhasalsothreatenedtobanCaliforniancollegesfromcompetinginnationalchampionships.AlthoughtheNCAA’sobjectionsmayhavebeenreasonableatsomepoint,theymakelittlesensetoday.Thetwomostprofitablecollegesports,Americanfootballandbasketball,arehighlycompetitive.Manyuniversitiesarewillingtomakeeveryefforttoadmittalentedplayers.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ordinance”inParagraph2mean?A．Request. B．Permission. C．Experiment. D．Rule.13．WhatmayBernieSandersagreewith?A．Maleandfemaleplayersshouldearnthesameincome.B．Studentathletesshouldbepaidaccordingtotheirability.C．Collegeplayersshouldbeallowedtoprofitfromtheirtalent.D．Collegeathletesshouldearnlessthatprofessionalemployees.14．WhatdoestheauthorthinkoftheNCAA’sdisapproval?A．Itseemedharmful. B．Itwillendinvain.C．Itsoundsridiculous. D．Itwillleadtoconfusion.15．Whatwouldbethetesttitleforthetext?A．Payforplay. B．Playtogrow.C．Futureofstudentathletes. D．Popularityofcollegesports.二、七選五Learninginaclassroomwithteachers,friendsandtextbooksisofcourseonewaytolearn,butitisnottheonlyway.____16____WhetheryouwanderaroundthestreetsofParisorspendasunnyafternoonontheCaribbeanbeaches,travellingwillneverfailyouasateacher.____17____Ifyouarethinkingofsomepersonaldevelopmentcourses,youdon’tneedtodoso.Travellingwillchangethatasthingsliketalkingtocompletestrangersoraskingthemafavorarenotanoptionbutanecessityduringyourtravels.Travelyourwaytoawonderfulplacesomewhereandyou’llgrowmuchbetterthanthroughsuchcourses.Travellingwillteachyouhowtocontrolyourfateifyouhavespentyourlifealwaysbeingreactive(被動反應(yīng)的).____18____Thisisevenmorethecasewhenyoutravelonyourown.There’snochoicebuttomakedecisionsandtakeinitiativescompletelybyyourselfasyoudon’thaveanyonetotellyouwhattodo.Asyoutravel,youcanbetterunderstandhowtheculturesaroundtheworldvaryandwherethecommongroundlies.Differencesexistincuisines,mannersandlifestylesacrossdifferentcultures.Butinspiteofthedifferences,youcanfindsomanycommonalitieslikeasharedloveforartandnaturethatbindallthedifferentculturestogether.____19____Perhapsthemostimportantaspectoftheeducationthatcomeswithtravelingiswhatyouknowaboutyourself.____20____Withouttravelling,youmayevenbecompletelyunawareofyourrealcharacter.Ifyouhaven’treallydecidedwhatyouaregoingtodoorwhatyouwanttobeinthefuture,travellingextensivelyandpreferablyisoneofthebestwaystohelpyoumakeadecision.A．Travellingforcesonetobeindependent.B．Independenceisafundamentalgoalofeducation.C．Infact,travellingisoneofthebestwaystolearnthings.D．Youmayrealizewhatyoureallyenjoyandwhoyoureallyare.E．Theunderstandingofdiverseculturesplaysavitalroleinyoureducation.F．Youmaybealittleshyandfinditdifficulttotakepartinsocialactivities.G．Travellingcanbechallengingifyouareunfamiliarwiththenativelanguage.三、完形填空HalfwayhomeIaskedtostopforadrink.ThenafterwardIjumpedinthebackseattoreadabooktomybrother.Andthat’swhat____21____me,becausethecrashhappenedafewmilesdowntheroad.Theentirefrontofourcarwas____22____.Iwastakeninanambulance.Butmydad,Kash,neverregained____23____.Hediedtoo____24____tosavehisorgans.Buteverythingelsewas____25____:hiseyesandtissues.Wehavealistoffiftypeoplewhose____26____hechanged.Theonlythingsmymom____27____werehisbones.Asforme,Icouldn’tevenplaythepiano,whichhadbeensucha____28____partofmyidentity.Allthebonesinmyleft____29____wereseriouslydamaged,andwheneverItriedto_____30_____withmyrighthand,I’djust_____31_____desperatelycrying.Iwentthroughsurgeryaftersurgery,butnothing_____32_____.Finallythedoctorstoldme:“Yourhandisdying,andtheonlything_____33_____totryisabonetransplant.”O(jiān)nlythendidmymother_____34_____myfather’sbones.Whenthedoctortransplantedhisbonesontomywrist,thebloodstartedtoflow.Myhand_____35_____camebacktolife.AndIcouldplayagain.Now,seventeenyearslater,thoughourhouseissmall,wehaveapiano.WheneverIplaythepiano,I_____36_____mydadsodeeply.HowIwishhecouldhavesurvivedthat_____37_____.Inourlivingroomwekeepaphotoalbumofmydad.I_____38_____thefactthathenevergottomeetmykids,buttheyarequite_____39_____withhim.Theycallhim“PapaKash”,whoweknowis_____40_____aliveinthishouse.21．A．honored B．developed C．discouraged D．saved22．A．controlled B．destroyed C．exposed D．renewed23．A．consciousness B．reputation C．a(chǎn)cceptance D．confidence24．A．randomly B．secretly C．quickly D．peacefully25．A．buried B．donated C．refused D．replaced26．A．a(chǎn)ttitudes B．purposes C．lives D．interests27．A．presented B．recognized C．witnessed D．reserved28．A．difficult B．significant C．strange D．practical29．A．wrist B．leg C．chest D．foot30．A．drag B．strike C．play D．touch31．A．endedup B．gaveup C．a(chǎn)imedat D．insistedon32．A．remained B．matched C．worked D．a(chǎn)ppeared33．A．left B．persuaded C．a(chǎn)voided D．predicted34．A．a(chǎn)pproach B．demonstrate C．discover D．remember35．A．frequently B．impossibly C．mistakenly D．incredibly36．A．move B．trust C．miss D．a(chǎn)nnoy37．A．business B．a(chǎn)ccident C．report D．surgery38．A．hate B．imagine C．deny D．doubt39．A．a(chǎn)ngry B．familiar C．strict D．popular40．A．seldom B．later C．never D．forever四、用單詞的適當(dāng)形式完成短文閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Tigersare____41____(power)creaturesthatarehighlyrespectedinChina.AccordingtoChinesefolklore,tigershavetheabilitytokeepoffevilspirits,____42____(thief)andpreventfire.That’s____43____eventoday,youwillfindpicturesoftigershungupattheentranceofaChinesebuildingtoactasguardians.IntheBookofRites,theyweredescribedashelpful.Theywouldassistpeopleinkillingtheanimalsthat____44____(destroy)thecropsinthefield.Sotigerswereseenasprotectors.Somechildrenareaskedtoweartiger-headhatsandshoestoprotect____45____(they)fromevilspirits.Further,tigersareassociated____46____CaiShen,theChineseGodofWealth,andthisgodisusuallyseensittingonatigerinartwork.TigersalsoappearinmuchclassicChineseliterature.Inmanylegends,theyaredescribedasheroes,____47____(save)therighteous(正義的)aswellasfightingoffevilforces.Tigersarebelieved____48____(be)thekingofallbeastsandthemountains,basedonthefourstripes(條紋)ontheirforeheads,____49____formtheterm“Wang”orKing.It’sbelievedthatpeoplebornduringtheyearoftheTigerareoptimistic,generous,tolerant,andcourageous.Andthey_____50_____(expect)tolivealonglife.五、短文改錯(cuò)51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之同交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;2.只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。Twoweekago,itwasannouncedthattherewasgoingtohaveanEnglishspeechcompetition.Itsthemewaslinkedwithaglobeeventaboutwildlifeprotection.Onestudentfromeachclasswouldbeselectedforacompetition.IreallywantedtobeinvolveasitwasasubjectIhadbeenveryinterestedinit.Afterwards,IsearchedforalotrelevantinformationontheInternet.Iwriteaspeechandpresentedittomyclass.Lucky,Iwasgiventheopportunity.Undertheguidanceofmyteacher,Imadeawonderfulspeechbutwonfirstprizeintheend.六、其他應(yīng)用文52．假定你是李華。最近，你校學(xué)生會成功舉辦了主題為“魅力中國文化(TheCharmingChineseCulture)”的文藝表演活動。請你就本次活動寫一篇新聞報(bào)道，向?qū)W校英語報(bào)投稿，內(nèi)容包括：1.活動的時(shí)間及地點(diǎn)；2.表演的節(jié)目；3.參加活動的感受。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3.標(biāo)題已給出，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。AFeastofChineseCultureandArt_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________參考答案：1．A

2．C

3．C【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹9月份史密森協(xié)會網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行的四項(xiàng)活動的內(nèi)容、時(shí)間和價(jià)格等。1．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Wednesday,September1標(biāo)題下“HistorianAllenPietrobonstudiesthechangesinAmericancuisinesincetheendofWWII,highlightingafewkeyeventsthatcompletelychangedhowandwhatAmericanseat.”（歷史學(xué)家AllenPietrobon研究了二戰(zhàn)結(jié)束以來美國美食的變化，重點(diǎn)介紹了一些徹底改變美國人飲食方式和飲食的關(guān)鍵事件。）可知，如果你對美國的飲食感興趣，AllenPietrobon可以幫你。故選A項(xiàng)。2．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Tuesday,September14標(biāo)題下“ArthistorianJudyScottFeldmansurveysthecathedral’shistoryandtheongoingrestorationandhistoricpreservationeffortstoreturnthecathedraltoitsconditionbeforethedisastrousfireinApril,2019.”（藝術(shù)歷史學(xué)家朱迪·斯科特·費(fèi)爾德曼調(diào)查了大教堂的歷史，以及正在進(jìn)行的以使大教堂恢復(fù)到2019年4月災(zāi)難性火災(zāi)之前的狀態(tài)的修復(fù)和歷史保護(hù)工作。）可知，想要了解破壞的建筑的是如何修復(fù)的應(yīng)該是在9月14日。故選C項(xiàng)。3．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Monday,September20標(biāo)題下的“Time:7p.m.”（時(shí)間晚上七點(diǎn)）及“JoingeologistKirtKempterforanexplorationofthesplendidsceneryandgeologyofthenorthernRockyMountains.”（與地質(zhì)學(xué)家KirtKempter一起探索洛基山脈北部的壯麗景色和地質(zhì)。）可知，晚上七點(diǎn)能參加的項(xiàng)目是體驗(yàn)落基山脈的地質(zhì)之旅。故選C項(xiàng)。4．A

5．C

6．D

7．B【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。作者通過自己的親身經(jīng)歷告訴我們：關(guān)注誠實(shí)可以讓人更快樂?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“Shelostinterestabouthalfwaythroughmyexplanation.(我剛解釋到大約一半，她就失去了興趣。)”可知，作者的女兒對作者的解釋不關(guān)注。故答案是A。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“Itstruckmethatthechoicetolieorbehonestwasoftenachoicebetweentwoequallyundesirablethings.Tellingmydaughterthetruthdidnotmakemehappier,butlyingwouldn’thaveeither.(我突然意識到，選擇說謊還是誠實(shí)，往往是在兩件同樣不受歡迎的事情之間做出選擇。告訴女兒真相并沒有讓我更快樂，但撒謊也不會。)”可推斷，從關(guān)于貓的事件中，作者意識到誠實(shí)和撒謊之間的關(guān)系是棘手的。故答案是C。3.推理判斷題。第三段首句“Overall,IfoundthatIstruggledmorewiththesmallinstancesofhonesty,ratherthanthebig.(總的來說，我發(fā)現(xiàn)我更糾結(jié)于誠實(shí)的小問題，而不是大問題。)”是本段的主題句。之后作者采用了對比的寫作手法，將客戶重復(fù)支付和麥當(dāng)勞找零的事進(jìn)行對比，說明主題。因此推斷提到她在麥當(dāng)勞的經(jīng)歷是為了說明人們傾向于忽視對小事的誠實(shí)。故答案是D。4.推理判斷題。在文章最后兩段，作者發(fā)表了對誠實(shí)的看法。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二中“Eventhoughhonestyfeltlikeastruggle,Istartedtolikehowitfelt.WhenIwasmorehonest,Itendedtofeelbetteraboutmyrelationshipsandmyself.(盡管誠實(shí)是一種掙扎，我開始喜歡上這種感覺了。當(dāng)我變得更誠實(shí)時(shí)，我往往對我的人際關(guān)系和我自己感覺更好。)以及最后一段“Itmightevenmakeyoufeellikeyouhavegoldinyourbrain.(它甚至可能讓你覺得你的大腦里有金子)”可知，作者認(rèn)為關(guān)注誠實(shí)是有好處的。故答案是B。8．D

9．B

10．A

11．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文，介紹了斯坦福大學(xué)助理教授JenniferBrophy正在研究一種方法，她希望能夠用這種方法改變植物的基因，以便能夠幫助它們在惡劣的環(huán)境下生存?！驹斀狻?.細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Massiveheatwavesanddroughtsarealreadybecomingathreattofarmers.Overthenextthreedecades,California’sSanJoaquinValleyalonecouldloseupto535,000acresoffarmlandasaresultoftheshortageofwatersupplies.(大規(guī)模的熱浪和干旱已經(jīng)對農(nóng)民構(gòu)成了威脅。在接下來的30年里，由于水資源短缺，僅加州的圣華金山谷就可能失去多達(dá)萬英畝的農(nóng)田。)”可知，農(nóng)民們面臨的問題是氣候變化對農(nóng)業(yè)的有害影響。故選D。2.推理判斷題。根據(jù)Brophy說的話，第三段中的“Usingcircuits,youcanhaveplantsrespondinnewwaystoallthesedifferentinputs(使用基因回路，可以讓植物以新的方式對所有不同的輸入作出反應(yīng))”和第四段“It’dbegreattobeabletocommunicatewithplantstotellthem,‘hey,youshouldwaitonthatflowering,’(如果能與植物交流，告訴它們，‘嘿，你應(yīng)該等待開花)”可知，Brophy提出的“基因回路”力求能和植物交流，告訴它們應(yīng)該等待開花時(shí)節(jié)。因此可推斷，“基因回路”的預(yù)期作用是能夠控制植物的生長。故選B。3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Controllingplants’growthatthislevelisanexcitingprospect,butactuallyputtingitintopracticeisalongwayoff.Atthemoment,BrophyistestingtheconceptinthelabusingasmallweedyplantcalledArabidopsis,(將植物的生長控制在這個(gè)水平是一個(gè)令人興奮的前景，但實(shí)際上要付諸實(shí)踐還有很長的路要走。目前，Brophy正在實(shí)驗(yàn)室里用一種叫做擬南芥的小型雜草植物來測試這一概念。)可推斷，Brophy的研究還處于早期階段。故選A。4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Massiveheatwavesanddroughtsarealreadybecomingathreattofarmers.Overthenextthreedecades,California’sSanJoaquinValleyalonecouldloseupto535,000acresoffarmlandasaresultoftheshortageofwatersupplies.(大規(guī)模的熱浪和干旱已經(jīng)對農(nóng)民構(gòu)成了威脅。在接下來的30年里，由于水資源短缺，僅加州的圣華金山谷就可能失去多達(dá)萬英畝的農(nóng)田。)”和第二段中“JenniferBrophy,anassistantprofessorofbioengineeringatStanford,isworkingonmethodsshehopeswillbeusedtochangecommercialplantspeciessotheycansurvivesevereconditions.(斯坦福大學(xué)生物工程助理教授JenniferBrophy正在開發(fā)新的基因工程技術(shù)，以幫助植物在惡劣環(huán)境中生存)”以及下文介紹的細(xì)節(jié)信息，可推斷本文講述了斯坦福大學(xué)助理教授JenniferBrophy進(jìn)行的一項(xiàng)研究，希望能夠用這種方法改變植物的基因，以便能夠幫助它們在惡劣的環(huán)境下生存。故選D。12．D

13．C

14．B

15．A【導(dǎo)語】本文是議論文。文章主要討論了大學(xué)生運(yùn)動員是否應(yīng)該得到報(bào)酬的問題。12．詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Despitethepopularityoftheiroutput,collegeathletesreceivenosalary.TheNationalCollegeAthleticAssociation(NCAA),whichgovernscollegesports,haslongforbiddenitsplayerstoreceiveanyreward.(盡管他們的作品很受歡迎，但大學(xué)運(yùn)動員沒有薪水。管理大學(xué)體育的美國大學(xué)體育協(xié)會(NCAA)長期以來一直禁止其球員獲得任何報(bào)酬。)”可知，劃線部分“Theordinance”與本句內(nèi)容有直接對應(yīng)關(guān)系，定冠詞the指代前文美國大學(xué)體育協(xié)會的禁止球員獲得報(bào)酬的制度。因此劃線單詞“ordinance”意為“條例、規(guī)章”對應(yīng)rule的意思。。故選D項(xiàng)。13．細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“SenatorBernieSandersputitplainlyonTwitter:“Collegeathletesareworkers.Paythem.”(參議員伯尼·桑德斯在推特上說得很清楚：“大學(xué)運(yùn)動員是工人。付給他們?！?”可知，他認(rèn)為大學(xué)生運(yùn)動員應(yīng)該得到報(bào)酬。故選C項(xiàng)。14．推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“AlthoughtheNCAA’sobjectionsmayhavebeenreasonableatsomepoint,theymakelittlesensetoday.(盡管NCAA的反對在某種程度上可能是有道理的，但在今天看來，它們已經(jīng)沒有什么意義了)”以及之后的句子“Thetwomostprofitablecollegesports,Americanfootballandbasketball,arehighlycompetitive.Manyuniversitiesarewillingtomakeeveryefforttoadmittalentedplayers.(兩個(gè)最賺錢的大學(xué)運(yùn)動，美式橄欖球和籃球，競爭非常激烈。許多大學(xué)都愿意竭盡全力招收有才華的球員)”可知，作者認(rèn)為NCAA的做法將是徒勞的。故選B項(xiàng)。15．標(biāo)題歸納題。第一段從美國的大學(xué)生橄欖球比賽引入第二段本文討論的話題，collegeathletesreceivenosalary，之后分別從NCAA、相關(guān)法案的通過以及人物觀點(diǎn)等方面對其展開討論。因此A項(xiàng)概括了本文大意“大學(xué)生運(yùn)動員因該得到報(bào)酬”。故選A項(xiàng)。16．C

17．F

18．A

19．E

20．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章簡要闡述了旅行是最好的學(xué)習(xí)方式之一。旅行可以增強(qiáng)社交能力，教會你學(xué)會獨(dú)立，了解各地文化，并且增強(qiáng)對自我的認(rèn)識。16．第一段首句“Learninginaclassroomwithteachers,friendsandtextbooksisofcourseonewaytolearn,butitisnottheonlyway.”（在教室里與老師、朋友和課本一起學(xué)習(xí)當(dāng)然是一種學(xué)習(xí)方式，但不是唯一的方式）是為了引出本文主題句：“Infact,travellingisoneofthebestwaystolearnthings.”（事實(shí)上，旅行是學(xué)習(xí)東西最好的方法之一）所以C項(xiàng)符合題意。故選C項(xiàng)。17．設(shè)空處為第二段首句。根據(jù)下文“Travellingwillchangethatasthingsliketalkingtocompletestrangersoraskingthemafavorarenotanoptionbutanecessityduringyourtravels.”（旅行將改變這種情況，因?yàn)樵诼眯兄?，與完全陌生的人交談或請求他們幫忙不是一種選擇，而是一種需求）可知，該句中的that指代的是F項(xiàng)“Youmaybealittleshyandfinditdifficulttotakepartinsocialactivities.”（你可能有點(diǎn)害羞，很難參與社交活動），本段主要是闡述旅行可以增強(qiáng)你的社交能力。所以F項(xiàng)符合題意。故選F項(xiàng)。18．根據(jù)第三段第一句“Travellingwillteachyouhowtocontrolyourfate.”（旅行會教會你如何掌控你的命運(yùn)）可知，旅行可以提高自己的獨(dú)立做決定的能力，對應(yīng)A項(xiàng)“Travellingforcesonetobeindependent.”（旅行會促使一個(gè)人變得獨(dú)立），而下文“Thisisevenmorethecasewhenyoutravelonyourown.There’snochoicebuttomakedecisionsandtakeinitiativescompletelybyyourselfasyoudon’thaveanyonetotellyouwhattodo.”（當(dāng)你獨(dú)自旅行的時(shí)候尤為如此，因?yàn)槟闵磉厸]有人告訴你該怎么做，你沒有別的選擇，只能完全由自己做決定，自己去采取行動）是對設(shè)空處的進(jìn)一步說明。所以A項(xiàng)符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。19．第四段首句“Asyoutravel,youcanbetterunderstandhowtheculturesaroundtheworldvaryandwherethecommongroundlies.”（旅行的時(shí)候你能夠更好地了解世界各地的文化異同）主要說明了旅行可以幫助你了解世界各地的文化。設(shè)空處在本段的段尾，是對本段內(nèi)容的總結(jié)，則E項(xiàng)“Theunderstandingofdiverseculturesplaysavitalroleinyoureducation.”（了解多元文化對自身教育起到重要作用）能夠總結(jié)該段，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)。20．第五段首句“Perhapsthemostimportantaspectoftheeducationthatcomeswithtravelingiswhatyouknowaboutyourself.”（旅行所帶來的教育中最重要的方面是加深你對自己的了解），D項(xiàng)“Youmayrealizewhatyoureallyenjoyandwhoyoureallyare.”（你會了解到你真正喜歡的是什么，了解到一個(gè)真正的自己）從正面闡述旅行對于了解自己的作用，下文“Withouttravelling,youmayevenbecompletelyunawareofyourrealcharacter.”（不去旅行，你甚至可能完全不知道自己的真實(shí)性格）是從反面闡述旅行對于了解自己的作用，所以D項(xiàng)符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。21．D

22．B

23．A

24．C

25．B

26．C

27．D

28．B

29．A

30．C

31．A

32．C

33．A

34．D

35．D

36．C

37．B

38．A

39．B

40．D【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。作者通過講述父親意外離世和父親的遺骨讓她的左手恢復(fù)正常的故事，表達(dá)了她對父親深深的思念和不舍。21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這救了我，因?yàn)檐嚨溇桶l(fā)生在幾英里外的路上。A.honored尊敬；B.developed開發(fā)；C.discouraged使灰心；D.saved挽救。根據(jù)上文“ThenafterwardIjumpedinthebackseattoreadabooktomybrother.”和下文中的“Icouldn’tevenplaythepiano”可知，車禍發(fā)生時(shí)，作者因坐在車的后排而與死神擦肩而過，作者得救了，故選D。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我們的整個(gè)車頭都被毀了。A.controlled控制；B.destroyed毀壞；C.exposed揭發(fā)；D.renewed更新。根據(jù)上文“thecrashhappened”可知，車的前半部分完全“毀了（destroyed）”。故選B。23．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但我爸爸，Kash，再也沒有恢復(fù)意識。A.consciousness意識；B.reputation名譽(yù)；C.acceptance接受；D.confidence信心。根據(jù)下文“Hedied”可知，父親再也沒有恢復(fù)“意識（consciousness）”。故選A。24．考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：他死得太快，器官都沒保住。A.randomly隨便地；B.secretly秘密地；C.quickly快地；D.peacefully平靜地。根據(jù)下文“tosavehisorgans”可知，父親死得太“快（quickly）”，沒能保住器官。故選C。25．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：但其他一切都被捐贈了：他的眼睛和組織。A.buried埋藏；B.donated捐贈；C.refused拒絕；D.replaced代替。根據(jù)下文“Wehavealistoffiftypeoplewhose6hechanged.”可知是剩下的都捐贈（donated）了，故選B。26．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我們有一份他改變了50個(gè)人一生的名單。A.attitudes態(tài)度；B.purposes目的；C.lives

生命，一生；D.interests興趣。根據(jù)“But”和“alistoffiftypeople”可知，其他的一切，像他的眼睛和組織都捐了出去，這些捐贈使50個(gè)人的“一生（lives）”發(fā)生了改變，故選C。27．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：我媽媽只留下了他的骨頭。A.presented呈遞；B.recognized認(rèn)出；C.witnessed見證；D.reserved保留。根據(jù)上文“Buteverythingelsewas5:hiseyesandtissues.”可知母親只“保留了（reserved）”父親的遺骨。故選D。28．考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：至于我，我甚至不能彈鋼琴了，鋼琴曾是我身份中如此重要的一部分。A.difficult困難的；B.significant重要的；C.strange奇怪的；D.practical實(shí)際的。根據(jù)下文“desperatelycrying”可知，鋼琴對作者來說非常重要，是她身份的一個(gè)“重要的（significant）”組成部分。故選B。29．考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：我左手腕的所有骨頭都嚴(yán)重受損，每當(dāng)我試圖用右手彈琴時(shí)，我就會絕望地哭泣。A.wrist手腕；B.