2012年中石油職稱英語真題的答案

經(jīng)典word整理文檔，僅參考，雙擊此處可刪除頁眉頁腳。本資料屬于網(wǎng)絡(luò)整理，如有侵權(quán)，請聯(lián)系刪除，謝謝！2012年真題I.Directions:Therearesomeincompletesentencesinthispart.BeneatheachsentenceyouwillseefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1.German,spokenbyjustover100millionpeople,isoneoftheworld'sten-largestlanguages__population.A.inplaceofB.bymeansofC.intermsofD.bywayof2.Fourscoreandsevenyearsagoourfathers__onthiscontinentanewnation.A.broughtoutB.broughtforthC.broughtaboutD.broughtup3.Thetaxihadto______becausethetrafficlighthadturnedred.A.setupB.catchupC.shutupD.pullup4.TherearenoextremesoftemperatureonSouthIsland.Summersarewarm,nothot,andwintersarebrisk__freezing.A.inspiteofB.otherthanC.ratherthanD.regardlessof5.Afterwehadbeeninthevillageforafewmonths,wesolikeditthatwedecidedtosettlethere_____.A.inturnB.forgoodC.asusualD.atmost6.Generouspublicfundingofbasicsciencewould__considerablebenefitsforthecountry'shealth,wealthandsecurity.A.resultfromB.lieinC.leadtoD.figureout7.AlthoughIspoketohimmanytimes,henevertookany__ofwhatIsaid.A.noticeB.warningC.observationD.attention8.Ourcompanydecidedto__thecontractbecauseanumberoftheconditionsinithadnotbeenmet.A.destroyB.forbiddenC.assumeD.cancel9.We'llvisitAustralianextyear__wehaveenoughmoney.A.provided10.Scientistsare_____abouttheformationofcoal.A.confidentialB.conferC.confidentB.unlessC.untilD.lestD.conform11.WilliamPenn,thefounderofPennsylvania,______defendedtherightofeverycitizentofreedomofchoiceinreligion.A.peculiarlyB.indifferentlyC.vigorouslyD.inevitably12.TheGreatWallisafamoustourist_____,drawingmillionsofvisitorseveryyear.A.attentionB.attractionC.appointmentD.arrangement13.Purchasingthenewproductionlinewillbea__dealforthecorporation.A.profitable14.Hefeltabit____becauseherlifeseemedcompletelyoutofbalance.A.depressedB.suppressC.thoughtfulD.weaknessB.tremendousC.forcefulD.favorite15.Somepeoplewaitfor__tocomeknocking.Somepeoplesoughtitout.A.necessityB.opportunityC.realityD.probability16.Someyoungerworkersassumeolderworkerscan'tkeep__withfast-changingtechnologyandbusinesspressures.A.paceB.stepC.progressD.touch17.Ifthingsaregoingbadly,theoptimistactsquickly,lookingfor__andforminganewplanofaction.A.resultB.solutionsC.responseD.settlement18.Theleadpencilisthesimplest,most_____andleastexpensiveofallwritinginstruments.A.adaptableB.comfortableC.convenientD.standard19.Nowinsurancecompaniesarenearthetopofthe__ofthebiggestbusinessintheUnitedStates.A.chartB.formC.listD.table20.Sales-promotionmethods,tobeeffective,shouldbe_____withlocalpreference.A.consistentB.continuousC.considerateD.continualII.GrammaticalStructureDirections:Therearesomeincompletesentencesinthispart.BeneatheachsentenceyouwillseefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosetheONEanswerthatbestcompletesthesentenceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.21.Theoldmansoakedhishandsinthecoldwaterand__tokeephisheadclear.A.triedB.tryingC.beingtriedD.wastriedtoseeyou.D.wouldhave22.Smithwasverybusylastweek.OtherwiseheA.cameB.wouldcomeC.hadcomecome23.Withallthethingssheneeded____shewouldleavethemarketforthestreetsofthetowntospendanotherhour.A.buybought24.Iappreciated__theopportunitytoworkabroadthreeyearsago.B.boughtC.buyingD.tohaveA.havingbeengivenC.tohavebeengivenB.havinggivenD.tohavegiven25.Hehaswonthefirstplace,__isclearfromtheexpressionsonhisface.A.thatB.asC.whatD.when26.Onlylater_____whataterriblethinghadhappened.A.theyhaverealizedC.theyrealizedB.didtheyrealizeD.theyrealize27.__planesinflightbetweenairports,airtrafficcontrollersrelyonradar.A.TrackedB.TotrackC.BeingtrackedD.Thetrackingof28.IwishBobwoulddriveustotheairportbuthehas__totakeusall.A.verysmallacarC.atoosmallcarB.toosmallacarD.suchasmallcar29.Heistallerthan______.A.anyotherboyintheclassC.allboysintheclassB.anyboyintheclassD.youandmeaswellastheclass30.Physicsaswellasothersubjects__ascience.A.wasB.isC.are31."Ialwaysgetconfusedabouttippinginthiscountry."D.belongto"Usuallyyou__toleave15percentforawaiterorwaitress.Taxidriversexpect10or15percent,too."A.oughtB.shouldC.mightD.can32.____millionsofgalaxiesexistinthevastspaceoutsidetheMilkyWay.A.ItisestimatedthatC.ThatisestimatedB.AnestimatethatD.Thattheestimate33.AsresidentofTexas,Dennis__totheHouseofRepresentativesin1930andtotheSenatein1938.A.whenelectedB.electedC.whowaselectedD.waselected34.Theinstructionsaretooclearonthebottle:Thesetablets__theyareabletomakeabouttwentydifferentsounds.A.willbekeptC.shallkeepB.aretobekeptD.shallhavekept35.Green_____havethepowertomakefoodfromsubstancesfoundintheairandsoil.A.onlyplantsB.plantsaloneC.theonlyplantsD.plantsarealone36.ChinaandAmericaareseparatedby__A.PacificOceanB.aPacificOceanD.PacificOceansC.thePacificOcean37."Idon'tlikeyourattitude.""Idon'tcare__A.ifornotyoulikeitC.doyoulikeitornotB.whetheryoulikeitornotD.youlikeitornot38.__Igoonholiday,Ialwaysseemtobeunluckywiththeweather.A.WhereB.HowC.WheneverD.While39.ManyliveinHawaii,morethan__ofwhosepeopleboastonAsianorPolynesianheritage.A.two-thirdsB.two-thirdC.second-thirdD.two-three40.Itistheearth's40miledeepcrustwith__weareconcernedwhenweseekthecauseofearthquake.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.whomIII.ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:Thereare5passagesinthissection.Eachpassageisfollowedby4questionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Questions41to44arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Scientistsnowbelievethatmany,ifnotall,livingthingsarebornwithsometypeofhiddenclock.Theseclocksaresometimessetbythenumberofhoursoflightordarknessinaday,bytherhythmofthetidesorbytheseasons.Oneofthemostremarkableofnature'slivingclocksbelongstothefiddlercrab,thatfamiliarbeach-dwellerwiththeovergrownclaw.Biologistshavelongknownthatthecrab'sshellisdarkestduringtheday,growspaleinlateafternoon,thenbeginstodarkenagainatdaybreak.Thisdaytimedarkeningisvaluableforprotectionagainstenemiesandsunlight,andformanyyearsitwasthoughttobeasimpleresponsebythecrabtothesun--justasifweweretogetatanduringthedayandloseitatnight.Butwhenanenterprisingscientistplacedafiddlercrabindarkness,hewasamazedtofindthatthecolorofthecrab'sshellkepttickingoffthetimewiththesameaccuracy.Yetanotherstartlingfactwasrevealed:thecrab'sshellreachedthedarkestcolorabout50minuteslatereachday.Therewasasecondclockinsidethecrab,forthetidesalsooccur50minuteslaterfromdaytoday.Moreover,evenwhenthecrabsweretakenfromthebeachandputbackinthedark,theycontinuedtheirtidalrhythm.MoreresearchdisclosedthatacrabfromCapeCod,Massachusetts,reacheditsdarkestcolorfourhoursearlierthantheonetakenfromabeachonaneighboringisland.ThetidesonthenearbyislandwerefoundtobeexactlyfourhourslaterthantheCapeCodtides.Birdsalsohavebuilt-intimepieceswhichsendthemoffonfallandspringmigrations.Whatthebirdsreallyhaveisaclock-likemechanismwhichallowsthemtotimehoursofdarknessorlightineachday.Butwhatsendsbirdsnorthwardagaininthespring?NewresearchbyDr.AlbertWolfsonofNorthwesternUniversityseemstoindicatethatthetimingofreturnflightisextraordinarilycomplex.Inthefalloftheyeartheshortdaysandlongnightscausethe"clocks"inmigratorybirdstoundergoakindof"winding"inpreparationfortheirspringreturnandbreeding.Thenduringthelatefallandwinterastheclock"ticks",certainphysiologicalchangesoccurinthebird.Thelengthofeachdayduringthewinterdetermineshowfasttheclockwillrun,andhencewhenthe"alarm"willringforthespringmigration.Theclockcontinuestorunthroughbreedingtime,thenstops--tobere-woundagainthenextfall.Scientistsarenowlearningthatmanyoftheclocksofnaturecanbereset,speededuporsloweddown--allforourbenefit.PioneeringexperimentsattheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture'sresearchcenterinBeltsville,Maryland,haveshownthatplantscanbehelpedtodevelopfasterinlesstime.Byincreasingorlesseningthehoursofdarknessineachday,thescientistshavebeenabletoturnplantgrowthoffandonlikeanelectricswitch.Newknowledgeaboutnature'slivingclockshaspracticalapplications.Forman,too,seemstofollowdailyrhythms.Theamountofsugarinourbloodstreamvarieswiththetimeofday,asdoesourtemperature.Moreofthecellsinourskinandmusclesdivideduringthenighthoursthanduringtheday.Bytinkeringwiththeclocksofplantsandanimals,scientistsmaylearnmoreaboutthefascinatingwayourbodieswork.41.Althoughscientistsknowthatthenumberofhoursofdaylightcontrolstheactionsofsomelivingthings,theyknowthatthisisnottheonlyfactorbecauseA.thefiddlercrab'sshellreachedthedarkestcoloratthesametimeinCapeCod,MassachusettsanditsneighboringislandB.thefiddlercrabcontinuedtochangecolorinthedarkC.plantswillnotgrowwithoutsunlightD.alloftheabove42.Fromthisarticleweconcludethattheserhythmsinnatureoccurmostspectacularly__A.inthehigherordersoflivingthingsB.inthelowerordersoflivingthingsC.inbirdsandanimalsD.inman43.ScientistshavelearnedtocontroltosomeextentthenaturallyrhythmicalactivitiesofA.migratingbirdsB.growingplantsC.bodycellsD.fiddlercrabs44.Thisarticleisbasically__.informationalB.entertainingC.inspirationalD.controversialQuestions45to48arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Thereareseveralwaysoflisteningthatnetusnothingbuttrouble,accordingtoDr.RalphNicholsoftheUniversityofMinnesota.Ifwerecognizeandtrytoconquerthem,wecanstepupourlisteningabilitybyabouttwenty-fivepercentandtherebygreatlyincreaseourchancesforsuccessinourdailylives.Unlessyouareveryunusualindeed,saysDr.Nichols,youmustpleadguiltytoseveralofthefollowingbadlisteninghabits:Shut-EarListening:Maybeyoufeelyoualreadyknowwhatthespeakerisgoingtosay.Orhissubjectcouldn'tinterestyouless.Yoummoffyourearsandwhoknowswhatyoumaybemissingorwhenalittleknowledgeonthatsubjectmaycomeinmightyhandy?Anyway,whytaketherisk?Over-My-HeadListening:Youareconvincedthatthesubjectisbeyondyou,soyoudepart,atleastinspirit.Youmayberight.Andthenagainyoumaybewrong.Ifyouletthewordsenteryourmind,youmaybesurprisedtodiscoverthattheymakesense.ButeveniftheyareasstrangeasGreektoyou,youshouldtrytolistenandunderstand.Otherwiseyoumayfindsomedaythatyoumustattempttograspanover-your-headideaandbetotallyunableeventotry.MemoryTestListening:Somepeoplethinkthattryingtomemorizeaseriesoffactsisgoodlistening.Theyarewrong.Forinstance,youaregettingastoryforyourschoolpaperonanassemblyspeaker.Hemakesaseriesofpoints.Youtrytomemorizethem.ButwhileyouarebusyplantingfactsA,B,andCinyourmind,repeatingthemoverandover,youarelosingoutonfactsDandE.Bettertolookformainideas.Youwillfindthemmoreusefulandeasiertorecalllater.Take-It-All-DownListening:Whenyoutrytogettoomanyofthespeaker'swordsonpaper,partofyourmindmustbeconcernedwithyournote-taking.Youareunabletoconcentratefullyonwhatheissaying.Yourisklosingvaluablepoints.Wherenote-takingisnecessary--andyoumaybesurprisedtofindouthowoftenitisn'tifyouconcentratefullyonlistening--trytojotdownonlyamemory-joggingwordortwo.Orputthemainideasonpaperafterthespeakerhasfinished.Themorecompleteattentionyougivethespeaker,theeasieritwillbetorecallhisideaslater.PersonalityListening:Youbecomesoconcernedwiththewaythespeakerlooksorhowhetalksthatwhathesaysfailstopenetrate.Perhapsunconsciouslyyoudecidethatapersonwhodressesorspeakslikethatcan'thavemuchtosay.Thatcouldbeaveryfalseconclusion.Whoknowswhatyoumaybemissing?It'stheoldstory:youcan'tjudgeagiftbythepackage.Bettertojudgehimafteryouhaveheardhimout.Sotherearetheforces--somewithinourselves,someoutside--thatworkagainstusinoureffortstolisten.Butoncewelearnwhattheyareandhowtofightthem,wearewellonourwaytogettingridofwastefullisteninghabits.45.TheauthorsuggeststhatitisaseriousmistakeA.toignoreaspeakerwhosesubjectseemstobebeyondyouB.tostoplisteningwhenthespeaker'svoiceisnotclearC.tolookawayfromthespeakerD.todoanythingphysicalwhilelistening46.TheauthoradvisesagainstA.takingnotesB.tryingtorememberdetailsratherthanmainideasC.listeningtoointentlyD.reviewingthematerialafterthespeechisfinished47.Althoughthisarticleisdirectedtothelistener,aspeakercouldconcludefromitthatA.heshouldneverchooseacontroversialtopicB.heshouldspeakasquicklyaspossibleC.humorisanecessarypartofagoodspeechD.hismanner,actions,voice,andappearanceshouldnotattractunfavorableattention48.ApersonwithseveralbadlisteninghabitswouldbeconsideredbyDr.NicholsA.hopelessB.normalC.adifficultcaseD.lazyQuestions49to52arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Animportantnewindustry,oilrefining,grewaftertheCivilWar.Crudeoil,orpetroleum--adark,thickoozefromtheearth--hadbeenknownforhundredsofyears.Butlittleusehadeverbeenmadeofit.Inthe1850'sSamuelM.Kier,amanufacturerinwesternPennsylvania,begancollectingtheoilfromlocalseepageandrefiningitintokerosene.Refining,likesmelting,isaprocessofremovingimpuritiesfromarawmaterial.Kerosenewasusedtolightlamps.Itwasacheapsubstituteforwhaleoil,whichwasbecominghardertoget.Soontherewasalargedemandforkerosene.Peoplebegantosearchfornewsuppliesofpetroleum.ThefirstoilwellwasdrilledbyEi.Drake,aretiredrailroadconductor.In1859hebegandrillinginTitusville,Pennsylvania.Thewholeventureseemedsoimpracticalandfoolishthatonlookerscalledit"Drake'sFolly."Butwhenhehaddrilleddownabout70feet(21meters),Drakestruckoil.Hiswellbegantoyield20barrelsofcrudeoiladay.NewsofDrake'ssuccessbroughtoilprospectorstothescene.Bytheearly1860'sthesewildcattersweredrillingfor"blackgold"alloverwesternPennsylvania.TheboomrivaledtheCaliforniagoldrushof1848initsexcitementandWildWestatmosphere.Anditbroughtfarmorewealthtotheprospectorsthananygoldrush.Crudeoilcouldberefinedintomanyproducts.Forsomeyearskerosenecontinuedtobetheprincipalone.Itwassoldingrocerystoresanddoor-to-door.Inthe1880'sand1890'srefinerslearnedhowtomakeotherproductssuchaswaxesandlubricatingoils.Petroleumwasnotthenusedtomakegasolineorheatingoil.49.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.OilRefining:AHistoricalPerspectiveB.TheCaliforniaGoldRush:GetRichQuicklyC.PrivateProperty:TrespassersWillBeProsecutedD.KeroseneLamps:ALightintheTunnel50.Accordingtothepassage,manypeopleinitiallythoughtthatE.L.DrakehadmadeamistakebyA.goingonawhalingexpeditionB.movingtoPennsylvaniaC.searchingforoilD.retiringfromhisjob51.WhydoestheauthormentiontheCaliforniagoldrush?A.ToexplaintheneedforanincreasedsupplyofgoldB.ToindicatetheextentofUnitedStatesmineralwealthC.TodescribethemoodwhenoilwasfirstdiscoveredD.Toarguethatgoldwasmorevaluablethanoil52.TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingaspossibleproductsofcrudeoilEXCEPT.A.gasolineB.keroseneC.waxD.plasticQuestions53to56arebasedonthefollowingpassage:SupervisorsQuarterlyMeetingOctober258:32--VPHamiltonbeginsthemeetingandnotesthatsixpeoplearepresent.8:35--Hamiltongivesquarterlyperformancebriefingbydepartment.HumanResources:Thenumberofemployeecomplaintsthisquarterwasverylow.Employeesatisfactioneventshavebeenverysuccessful.Accounting:BothcompanyandcustomerpaperworkwascompletedveryslowlythisquarterThenewQ-Formsystemdoesnotworkverywell.Sales:Salesweredownthisquarter.Manynewcustomersopenedcontractswiththecompany;however,severallargeroldaccountswerelost.Design:Severalnewemployeeswerehiredthisquarterandtheyhaveproducedverygoodwork.However,therateofproductionneedstoincrease.8:58Themeetingisopenedfordiscussion.SalesSupervisorJamessuggeststhatSalescoulddesignaprogramofbenefitsforloyalcustomers.9:02--AccountingSupervisorThomassaysthatAccountinghasaprogramforkeepingtrackofcustomersatisfactionandoffersassistance.9:12JamesthanksThomasfortheofferandsuggeststhattheymeettodiscussit.9:15Hamiltonasksifthereisanymorediscussion.9:17--Hamiltonadjournsthemeeting.53.Howlongdidthemeetinglast?A.Anhour.B.Aquarterofanhour.C.Threequartersofanhour.D.Fortyminutes.54.Howmanydifferentpeoplespokeatthemeeting?A.Six.B.Three.C.Four.D.Five.55.Whichdepartmentdidnotreceiveanycriticismduringthebriefing?A.HumanResources.B.Accounting.C.Sales.D.Design.56.WhatproblemwillJamestrytosolvebeforethenextquarterlymeeting?A.Workisnotbeingproducedfastenough.B.Paperworkisbeingdonetooslowly.C.Morenewemployeesneedtobehired.D.Loyalcustomersarenotbeingsatisfied.Questions57to60arebasedonthefollowingpassage:Onlyonegenerationago,Mauritania'scapitalcitywasmanydays'walkfromtheSahara.TodayitisintheSahara.Thesandblowsthroughthecitystreetsandpilesupagainstwallsandfences.Thedesertstretchesoutasfarastheeyecansee.InsomepartsoftheAmazonrainforestinBrazil,allthetreeshavebeencutdown.Theearthliesbareanddryinthehotsun.Nothinggrowsthereanymore.Overvastareasofeverycontinent,therainfallandvegetationnecessaryforlifearedisappearing.Alreadymorethan40percentoftheearth'slandisdesertordesert-like.About628millionpeopleoneoutofseven--liveinthesedryregions.Inthepast,theyhavemanagedtosurvive,butwithdifficulty.Now,largelythroughproblemscausedbymodemlife,theirexistenceisthreatenedbytheslow,steadyspreadoftheearth'sdeserts.Manycountriesareexperiencingsimilarproblems.Poorlandisfarmeduntilitiswornout,andtreesarecutforfirewood,leavingthesoilunprotectedagainstwindandrain.InPeru,Chile,andBrazil,someareasthatoncewerecoveredwithforestsnowlooklikethemoon.InIndia,somelandhasbeensobadlydamagedbyfarmingandtreecuttingthatmudnowslidesintotheIndusandGangesrivers.Cattle,sheep,andgoatsaddtotheproblembyeatinggrassandotherplantsfasterthantheycangrowback.IntheUnitedStates,somehighlypopulatedareas(suchasLosAngeles)arereallydeserts.Watermustbepipedinfromhundredsofmilesaway--andthisaffectsthewatersupplyofotherCaliforniacommunities.Scientistsstilldonotunderstandallthecomplexproblemsofthedesert,buttherehavebeenmanyideasforsavingtheland.SaudiArabiahasplanted10milliontreestohelpkeepthesandfromtakingoverfertileareas.TheIsraelisareagainusingsomeofthewatercollectionsystemsleftbytheancientpeoplesintheNegevdesert.Theyplantowatertheirorchardswiththeextrawater.SomeSahelfarmersstillraisecattleontheirpoorfarmland,butbeforethecattlearesold,theyaretakentogreenerlandsinthesouthtogetfat.57.Accordingtoparagraph1whathashappened