高溫用電熔焊奧氏體鉻鎳合金鋼管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范英漢對(duì)照

Designation:A358/A358M–01AnAmericanNationalStandard名稱:A358/A358M-01UsedinUSDOE-NEStandards美國(guó)國(guó)家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)用于USDOE_NE標(biāo)準(zhǔn)StandardSpecificationforElectric-Fusion-WeldedAusteniticChromium-NickelAlloySteelPipeforHigh-TemperatureService1高溫用電熔焊奧氏體鉻鎳合金鋼管標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范ThisstandardisissuedunderthefixeddesignationA358/A358M;thenumberimmediatelyfollowingthedesignationindicatestheyearoforiginaladoptionor,inthecaseofrevision,theyearoflastrevision.Anumberinparenthesesindicatestheyearoflastreapproval.Asuperscriptepsilon(e)indicatesaneditorialchangesincethelastrevisionorreapproval.此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)以固定名稱A358/A358M發(fā)布,緊隨名稱之后的數(shù)字，表達(dá)采用本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的年份或上次修改本標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的年份。上方的希臘字母(e)表達(dá)上一次再版或?qū)徍说陌娲巫兓?.Scope范圍1.1Thisspecification2coverselectric-fusion-weldedausteniticchromium-nickelalloysteelpipesuitableforcorrosiveorhigh-temperatureservice,orboth.此規(guī)范合用于腐蝕環(huán)境或高溫環(huán)境的電熔焊奧氏體鉻鎳合金鋼管。NOTE1—ThedimensionlessdesignatorNPS(nominalpipesize)hasbeensubstitutedinthisstandardforsuchtraditionaltermsas“nominaldiameter,”“size,”and“nominalsize.”無(wú)量綱符號(hào)NPS（名義鋼管尺寸）在此標(biāo)準(zhǔn)中替換為傳統(tǒng)的術(shù)語(yǔ)“名義直徑”“尺寸”和“標(biāo)稱尺寸”1.2ThisspecificationcoversnineteengradesofalloysteelasindicatedinTable1.Theselectionoftheproperalloyandrequirementsforheattreatmentshallbeatthediscretionofthepurchaser,dependentontheserviceconditionstobeencountered.此規(guī)范包含圖表1中19個(gè)級(jí)別的合金鋼。根據(jù)使用條件，買方應(yīng)慎重選擇合適的合金鋼，和對(duì)的的熱解決程序。1.3Fiveclassesofpipearecoveredasfollows:下列涉及5種類別的鋼管1.3.1Class1—Pipeshallbedoubleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillermetalinallpassesandshallbecompletelyradiographed.1類鋼管采用所有焊道填充金屬的雙面焊，并完全通過(guò)射線檢查。1.3.2Class2—Pipeshallbedoubleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillermetalinallpasses.Noradiographyisrequired.2類鋼管采用所有焊道填充金屬的雙面焊，不需要射線檢查。1.3.3Class3—Pipeshallbesingleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillermetalinallpassesandshallbecompletelyradiographed.3類鋼管采用所有焊道填充金屬單面焊，并完全通過(guò)射線檢查。1.3.4Class4—SameasClass3exceptthattheweldpassexposedtotheinsidepipesurfacemaybemadewithouttheadditionoffillermetal(seeand).4類和三類相同，只是焊道暴露于鋼管內(nèi)壁，也許沒(méi)有填加填充金屬。1.3.5Class5—Pipeshallbedoubleweldedbyprocessesemployingfillermetalinallpassesandshallbespotradiographed.5類鋼管采用所有焊道金屬填充的雙面焊，應(yīng)進(jìn)行缺陷射線檢測(cè)1.4Supplementaryrequirementscoveringprovisionsrangingfromadditionaltestingtoformalizedproceduresformanufacturingpracticeareprovided.SupplementaryRequirementsS1throughS6areincludedasoptionstobespecifiedwhendesired.提供了補(bǔ)充規(guī)定，涉及附加測(cè)試到生產(chǎn)實(shí)踐的正規(guī)程序等條款。作為具體說(shuō)明的選項(xiàng)，補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明S1-S6也涉及在內(nèi)。1.5Thevaluesstatedineitherinch-poundunitsorSIunitsaretoberegardedseparatelyasstandard.Withinthetext,theSIunitsareshowninbrackets.Thevaluesstatedineachsystemarenotexactequivalents;therefore,eachsystemmustbeusedindependentlyoftheother.Combiningvaluesfromthetwosystemsmayresultinnonconformancewiththespecification.Theinch-poundunitsshallapplyunlessthe“M”designationofthisspecificationisspecifiedintheorder.本文中所述的值或以英寸磅為單位，或采用國(guó)際單位，應(yīng)作為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)區(qū)分對(duì)待。在本文中，國(guó)際單位在括號(hào)內(nèi)表達(dá)。各系統(tǒng)所表達(dá)的數(shù)值不完全相等，所以每一系統(tǒng)必須區(qū)別于另一系統(tǒng)單獨(dú)使用。兩個(gè)系統(tǒng)的數(shù)值混在一起使用會(huì)導(dǎo)致規(guī)范的不一致。應(yīng)采用英寸磅單位，除非在順序上指定M為首選。2.ReferencedDocuments參考資料2.1ASTMStandards:ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。A240/A240MSpecificationforHeat-ResistingChromiumandChromium-NickelStainlessSteelPlate,Sheet,andStripforPressureVessels注3A240/A240M壓力容器用耐熱鉻及鉻鎳不銹鋼板，薄板和帶材A262PracticesforDetectingSusceptibilitytoIntergranularAttackinAusteniticStainlessSteels注3A262奧氏體不銹鋼晶間浸蝕敏感度檢測(cè)的應(yīng)用A480/A480MSpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforFlat-RolledStainlessandHeat-ResistingSteelPlate,Sheet,andStrip3A480、A480M平面軋輥不銹鋼和耐熱鋼板材、薄板和帶材一般規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)范A941TerminologyRelatingtoSteel,StainlessSteel,RelatedAlloys,andFerroalloys4A941鋼，不銹鋼,相關(guān)合金和鐵合金術(shù)語(yǔ)A999/A999MSpecificationforGeneralRequirementsforAlloyandStainlessSteelPipe4A999/A999M合金和不銹鋼管的一般規(guī)定規(guī)范。E527PracticeforNumberingMetalsandAlloys(UNS)4E527金屬及合金編號(hào)（統(tǒng)一編號(hào)系統(tǒng)）2.2ASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode:SectionI,WeldingandBrazingQualifications5SectionIX,WeldingQualifications5ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則2.3AWSSpecifications:6美國(guó)焊接學(xué)會(huì)規(guī)范A5.22FluxCoredArcWelding管狀焊絲電弧焊A5.30ConsumableWeldInsertsforGasTungstenArcWelding鎢極氣體電弧焊A5.4Corrosion-ResistingChromiumandChromium-NickelSteelCoveredWeldingElectrodes耐腐蝕鉻及鉻鎳鋼覆蓋焊條A5.9Corrosion-ResistingChromiumandChromium-NickelSteelWeldingRodsandBareElectrodes耐腐蝕鉻及鉻鎳鋼焊條和裸焊條A5.11NickelandNickel-AlloyCoveredWeldingElectrodes鎳和鎳合金包裹焊條A5.14NickelandNickel-AlloyBareWeldingRodsandElectrodes鎳和鎳合金裸焊條2.4OtherStandard:其它標(biāo)準(zhǔn)注：1ThisspecificationisunderthejurisdictionofASTMCommitteeA01onSteel,StainlessSteel,andRelatedAlloys,andisthedirectresponsibilityofSubcommitteeA01.10onStainlessandAlloySteelTubularProducts.此規(guī)范歸屬于鋼，不銹鋼及相關(guān)合金ASTMA01委員會(huì)，不銹鋼以及合金鋼管材產(chǎn)品則歸屬于A01.10小組委員會(huì)。CurrenteditionapprovedMar.10,2023.PublishedMay2023.OriginallypublishedasA358–52T.LastpreviouseditionA358/A358M–00.當(dāng)前版本核準(zhǔn)于2023年3月10日。2023年5月發(fā)行。原版本為A358-52T。此前最后一次版本為A358A358M-002ForASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCodeapplicationsseerelatedSpecificationsSA-358inSectionIIofthatCode.對(duì)于ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則的應(yīng)用請(qǐng)見(jiàn)相關(guān)規(guī)范。3AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol01.03.ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)年刊，01,03卷4AnnualBookofASTMStandards,Vol01.01.ASTM標(biāo)準(zhǔn)年刊，01,01卷5AvailablefromASMEInternational,ThreeParkAvenue,NewYork,NY10016–5990.紐約三公園大道ASME國(guó)際10016-5990有售。6AmericanWeldingSociety,550LeJeuneRoad,P.O.Box351040,Miami,FL33135.美國(guó)焊接學(xué)會(huì)，佛羅里達(dá)州，邁阿密，Lejeune路550號(hào)，351040信箱Copyright.ASTM,100BarrHarborDrive,WestConshohocken,PA19428-2959,UnitedStates.著作權(quán)美國(guó)，巴拿馬州，西康舍霍肯，港口大道100號(hào)，電話19428-2959COPYRIGHTAmericanSocietyforTestingandMaterialsLicensedbyInformationHandlingServices著作權(quán)美國(guó)材料與實(shí)驗(yàn)協(xié)會(huì)信息解決部許可。原件第一頁(yè)結(jié)束TABLE1PlateandFillerMetalSpecifications表格1板材和填充金屬規(guī)范圖詳見(jiàn)原圖圖下注釋：ANewdesignationestablishedinaccordancewithASTME527andSAEJ1086.新的名稱根據(jù)ASTM527和SAEＪ１０８６標(biāo)準(zhǔn)建立。BChoiceofAmericanWeldingSocietyspecificationdependsontheweldingprocessused.選擇美國(guó)焊接學(xué)會(huì)的規(guī)范應(yīng)根據(jù)使用的焊接工藝。CInpreviouseditions,S30600wasincorrectlyshownasS01815.在之前版本，Ｓ３０６００被錯(cuò)誤的顯示為Ｓ０１８１５SAEJ1086PracticeforNumberingMetalsandAlloys(UNS)注7ＳAEJ1086金屬和合金編號(hào)的應(yīng)用（統(tǒng)一編號(hào)系統(tǒng)）。3.Terminology術(shù)語(yǔ)3.1Definitions:定義3.1.1ThedefinitionsinSpecificationA999/A999MandTerminologyA941areapplicabletothisspecification.A999和A999M規(guī)范中的定義可以應(yīng)用于此規(guī)范。4.OrderingInformation訂貨信息4.1Ordersformaterialunderthisspecificationshouldincludethefollowing,asrequired,todescribethedesiredmaterialadequately:在此規(guī)范下訂購(gòu)材料應(yīng)按規(guī)定包含如下信息以充足描述所需材料。4.1.1Quantity(feet,metres,ornumberoflengths),數(shù)量（英尺，米，或者長(zhǎng)度的數(shù)量）注釋7AvailablefromSocietyofAutomotiveEngineers,400CommonwealthDrive,Warrendale,PA15096.巴拿馬州，沃倫達(dá)市，共富大道400號(hào)，郵編15096，汽車工程師協(xié)會(huì)有售原件第二頁(yè)結(jié)束4.1.2Nameofmaterial(electric-fusion-weldedpipe),原材料名（電熔焊鋼管）4.1.3Grade(Table1),級(jí)別（表格1）4.1.4Class(see1.3),級(jí)別（見(jiàn)1.3）4.1.5Size(outsidediameterandnominalwallthickness),（尺寸，外直徑和名義壁厚）4.1.6Length(specificorrandom),長(zhǎng)度（指定或隨機(jī)）4.1.7Endfinish(SectiononEndsofSpecificationA999/A999M),管端的樣式（A999/A999M規(guī)范中管端的切面）4.1.8Authorizationforrepairofplatedefectsbyweldingandsubsequentheattreatmentwithoutpriorapprovalifsuchisintended(see9.3),焊接缺陷修補(bǔ)的授權(quán)和在沒(méi)有被許可的情況下相應(yīng)的熱解決（見(jiàn)9.3部分）4.1.9Specificationdesignation,規(guī)范名稱4.1.10Specialrequirements,特殊規(guī)定4.1.11Statementinvokingrequirementsof16.4ifsuchisintended.16.4部分需要陳述的規(guī)定。4.1.12Circumferentialweldpermissibility(seeSection16),圓周焊接的接受度（見(jiàn)16部分）。 4.1.13SupplementaryRequirements(S1throughS6),補(bǔ)充規(guī)定（S1—S6）4.1.14ApplicableASMECodeifknown,可應(yīng)用的已知的ASME標(biāo)準(zhǔn)4.1.15ForASMECodeSectionIIIapplications,theserviceclassificationintended,and對(duì)于ASME標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第三部分的應(yīng)用，服務(wù)分類，4.1.16Certificationrequirements(seeSectiononCertificationofSpecificationA999/A999M).認(rèn)證規(guī)定（見(jiàn)A999和A999M規(guī)范中關(guān)于認(rèn)證的部分）5.GeneralRequirements一般規(guī)定5.1MaterialfurnishedtothisspecificationshallconformtotheapplicablerequirementsofthecurrenteditionofSpecificationA999/A999Munlessotherwiseprovidedherein.在此規(guī)范下供應(yīng)的的材料應(yīng)與當(dāng)前版本的A999和A999M規(guī)范合用的規(guī)定一致，除非在此此外提供規(guī)定。6.MaterialsandManufacture材料和生產(chǎn)6.1Materials:材料6.1.1ThesteelplatematerialshallconformtotherequirementsofoneofthegradesofSpecificationA240/A240M,listedinTable1,exceptasprovidedin.鋼板材料應(yīng)與表格1中所列的A240/A240M規(guī)范中的某一級(jí)別的規(guī)定一致，所述狀況除外。6.2Welding:焊接6.2.1Thejointsshallbefullpenetrationdouble-weldedorsingle-weldedbuttjointsemployingfusionweldingprocessesasdefinedunder“Definitions,”ASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionIX.Thisspecificationmakesnoprovisionforanydifferenceinweldqualityrequirementsregardlessoftheweldjointtypeemployed(singleordouble)inmakingtheweld.Wherebackingringsorstripsareemployed,theringorstripmaterialshallbeofthesameP-Number(TableQW-422ofSectionIX)astheplatebeingjoined.Backingringsorstripsshallbecompletelyremovedafterwelding,priortoanyrequiredradiography,andtheexposedweldsurfaceshallbeexaminedvisuallyforconformancetotherequirementsof6.2.3.Weldsmadebyproceduresemployingbackingstripsorringswhichremaininplaceareprohibited.Weldingprocedures,andweldingoperatorsshallbequalifiedinaccordancewithASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionIX.如ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則的定義中所述，焊縫為采用氧炔焊工藝焊透的雙面焊或者單面對(duì)接焊。此規(guī)范并未就提出焊接質(zhì)量方面的差異，無(wú)論在焊接中采用哪種焊縫類型（單面或者雙面）。焊接時(shí)，當(dāng)使用條型襯墊后者環(huán)形襯墊時(shí)，所用材料應(yīng)與產(chǎn)品號(hào)（Pnumber）（第9章表格QW-422）一致。在作任何射線檢測(cè)之前，應(yīng)在焊接完畢后完全去除環(huán)形襯墊或條型襯墊，并應(yīng)用肉眼檢測(cè)裸露的焊接表面是否與6.2.3中規(guī)定一致。嚴(yán)禁采用條形襯墊或環(huán)形襯墊并保存在原位置。焊接程序和焊工都應(yīng)具有符合第九章ASME鍋爐和壓力容器準(zhǔn)則的資質(zhì)。6.2.2Exceptasprovidedinand,weldsshallbemadeintheirentiretybyprocessesinvolvingthedepositionoffillermetal.除了和的情形，在保證填充金屬沉淀過(guò)程的整體性。ForClass4pipeemployingmultiplepasses,theroot-passmaybewithouttheadditionoffillermetal.對(duì)于4類管采用多道焊道，根部焊道可以不必添加金屬。ForClass4pipe,theweldsurfaceexposedinsidethepipemayresultfromasinglepassmadefromtheinsideofthepipewithouttheadditionoffillermetal.對(duì)于4類管，裸露在內(nèi)的焊接表面也許由管道內(nèi)部一個(gè)焊道引起，并未增長(zhǎng)填充材料。Allsingle-weldedpipeshallbecompletelyradiographed.所有的單面焊管應(yīng)進(jìn)行完整的射線檢測(cè)。6.2.3Theweldsurfaceoneithersideoftheweldmaybeflushwiththebaseplateormayhaveareasonablyuniformcrown,nottoexceed1.8in.[3mm].Anyweldreinforcementmayberemovedatthemanufacturer’soptionorbyagreementbetweenthemanufacturerandpurchaser.Thecontourofthereinforcementshouldbereasonablysmoothandfreefromirregularities.Thedepositedmetalshallbefuseduniformlyintotheplatesurface.Noconcavityofcontourispermittedunlesstheresultingthicknessofweldmetalisequaltoorgreaterthantheminimumthicknessoftheadjacentbasemetal.焊接的任意一面的表面也許會(huì)與底盤一起變紅或者產(chǎn)生合理的變形，不超過(guò)1/8英寸（3mm）。任何焊接補(bǔ)強(qiáng)都應(yīng)按生產(chǎn)商的選擇去除或者生產(chǎn)商和采購(gòu)商達(dá)成一致。補(bǔ)強(qiáng)的外廓應(yīng)平整，規(guī)則。堆積的金屬應(yīng)一致的熔入鋼板表面。不允許輪廓有凹陷，除非導(dǎo)致的厚度等于或大于附近的底層金屬的最小厚度。6.2.4Welddefectsshallberepairedbyremovaltosoundmetalandrewelding.Subsequentheattreatmentandexamination(thatis,visual,radiographic,anddyepenetrant)shallbeasrequiredontheoriginalwelds.6.2.4焊接缺陷應(yīng)通過(guò)去除缺陷部分直至漏出金屬并重新焊接的方法修補(bǔ)。應(yīng)以原焊接同樣的規(guī)定進(jìn)行隨后的檢測(cè)（即目測(cè)，射線檢測(cè)和著色滲透檢測(cè)）。6.3HeatTreatment:熱解決6.3.1Unlessotherwisestatedintheorder,heat-treatmentshallconsistofheatingthematerialtoaminimumtemperatureof1900°F[1040°C]exceptforS31266,S31254,S32654,S32050,andS30815whichshallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2100°F[1150°C],and1920°F[1050°C]respectively,S24565whichshallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2050°F[1120°C],N08367whichshallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2025°F[1107°C],andN08926whichshallbeheattreatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2023°F[1100°C],alltreatmentsbeingfollowedbyquenchinginwaterorrapidlycoolingbyothermeans.N08904shallbeheattreatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2023°F[1095°C]andcooledrapidly.UNSN08810shallbeheatedtoaminimumtemperatureof2050°F[1120°C]andcooledrapidly.UNSN08020shallbeheatedintherangefrom1800to1850°F[982to1010°C]andcooledrapidly.除非訂單中另有陳述，否則熱解決應(yīng)涉及把材料加熱到至少1900華氏度（1040攝氏度），S31266，S31254,S32654,S32050,和S30815除外，應(yīng)分別加熱到至少2100華氏度（1150攝氏度）和1920華氏度（1050攝氏度），S24565應(yīng)加熱到至少2050華氏度（1120攝氏度），N08367應(yīng)加熱到至少2025華氏度（1107攝氏度），N08926應(yīng)加熱到至少2023華氏度（1100攝氏度）。所有熱解決后應(yīng)淬火或采用其他方式急冷。N08904應(yīng)加熱到至少2023華氏度（1095攝氏度）并急冷。ＵＮＳＮ０８８１０應(yīng)加熱到至少２０５０華氏度（１１２０攝氏度）并急冷。ＵＮＳＮ０８０２０應(yīng)加熱到１８００－１８５０華氏度（８９２－１０１０攝氏度）并急冷。6.3.2Thepurchaseordershallspecifyoneofthefollowingconditionsiftheheat-treatedconditionspecifiedin6.3.1isnotdesiredbythepurchaser:假如采購(gòu)商并不需要６．３．１規(guī)定的熱解決條件，采購(gòu)訂單應(yīng)規(guī)定如下條件之一。Afinalheat-treatmenttemperatureunder1900°F[1040°C]—EachpipesuppliedunderthisrequirementshallbeStenciledwiththefinalheat-treatmenttemperatureindegreesFahrenheitordegreesCelsiusafterthesuffix“HT”.Controlledstructuralorspecialservicecharacteristicsmaybespecifiedasaguideforthemostsuitableheattreatment.在１９００華氏度（１０４０攝氏度）以下最終熱解決，在此規(guī)定下供應(yīng)的每一根管應(yīng)用字母ＨＴ后加最終熱解決溫度，采用華氏度或攝氏度，標(biāo)記在管體?？梢灾付ㄊ芸氐慕Y(jié)構(gòu)性的或特別的服務(wù)特性作為最適合的熱解決溫度指南。Nofinalheattreatmentofpipefabricatedofplatethathasbeensolutionheattreatedattemperaturesrequiredbythisspecification—Eachpipesuppliedunderthisrequirementshallbestenciledwiththesuffix“HT–O”.無(wú)最終熱解決的鋼管，這種鋼管的鋼板材料通過(guò)本規(guī)范所規(guī)定的溫度的溶液熱解決，在此條件下供應(yīng)的每一根管應(yīng)在管體上標(biāo)注字母HT-O。Nofinalheattreatmentofpipefabricatedofplatethathasnotbeensolutionheattreated—Eachpipesuppliedunderthisrequirementshallbestenciledwiththesuffix“HT-SO”.無(wú)最終熱解決的鋼管，這種鋼管的鋼板材料沒(méi)有通過(guò)溶解熱解決，在此條件下生產(chǎn)的每一根管應(yīng)在管體上標(biāo)注字母HT-SO6.4Asolutionannealingtemperatureabove1950°F[1065°C]mayimpairtheresistancetointergranularcorrosionaftersubsequentexposuretosensitizingconditionsinGrades321,347,and348.Whenspecifiedbythepurchaser,alowertemperaturestabilizationorre-solutionannealshallbeusedsubsequenttotheinitialhightemperaturesolutionanneal(seeSupplementaryRequirementS5).321,347和348級(jí)的溶液退火溫度在1950華氏度（1065攝氏度）也許在隨后暴露于敏感條件中時(shí)削弱抗晶間腐蝕的耐受力。當(dāng)采購(gòu)商規(guī)定期，在先期高溫溶液退火之后，應(yīng)采用稍低溫度的穩(wěn)定或再溶解退火。7.ChemicalComposition化學(xué)構(gòu)成7.1Thechemicalcompositionoftheplateshallconformtotherequirementsoftheapplicablespecificationandgrade3listedinSpecificationA240/A240M.鋼板的化學(xué)構(gòu)成應(yīng)符合合用的規(guī)范的規(guī)定和A240/A240M規(guī)范中所列的3級(jí)的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。原件第三頁(yè)結(jié)束7.2ThechemicalcompositionoftheweldingfillermetalshallconformtotherequirementsoftheapplicableAWSspecificationforthecorrespondinggradeshowninTable1,orshallconformtothechemicalcompositionspecifiedfortheplateinSpecificationA240/A240M,orshall,subjecttopurchaserapproval,beafillermetalmorehighlyalloyedthanthebasemetalwhenneededforcorrosionresistanceorotherproperties.UseofafillermetalotherthanthatlistedinTable1orconformingtothechemicalcompositionspecifiedfortheplateinSpecificationA240/A240Mshallbereportedandthefillermetalidentifiedonthecertificateoftests.Whennitrogenandceriumarespecifiedelementsfortheorderedgrade,themethodofanalysisfortheseelementsshallbeamatterofagreementbetweenthepurchaserandthemanufacturer.焊接填充金屬的化學(xué)構(gòu)成應(yīng)與表格1所示的相應(yīng)級(jí)別的合用于美國(guó)焊接學(xué)會(huì)規(guī)范的規(guī)定相一致，或應(yīng)與A240/A240M規(guī)范中的鋼板的化學(xué)構(gòu)成一致，或者，經(jīng)采購(gòu)商批準(zhǔn)，在需要耐腐蝕和其他特性時(shí)，比基層金屬更高級(jí)別的合金。使用表格一之外的填充金屬或者與A240/A240M規(guī)范的鋼板不一致的填充金屬，這種情況應(yīng)上報(bào)并且這種金屬應(yīng)在測(cè)試證書上加以鑒定。當(dāng)訂購(gòu)的級(jí)別中規(guī)定包含氮和鈰成分，買方和生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)就用于這些成分分析的方法達(dá)成一致。8.PermissibleVariationsinDimensions允許的尺寸變量8.1PermissibleVariations—Thedimensionsatanypointinalengthofpipeshallnotexceedthefollowing:允許的變化---鋼管長(zhǎng)度方向上任意一點(diǎn)的尺寸不應(yīng)超過(guò)如下標(biāo)準(zhǔn)：8.1.1OutsideDiameter—Basedoncircumferentialmeasurement,±0.5%ofthespecifiedoutsidediameter.外徑---不能超過(guò)規(guī)定外徑的±0.5%。8.1.2Out-of-Roundness—Differencebetweenmajorandminoroutsidediameter,1%.失圓度---較大的外徑和較小的外徑，1%8.1.3Alignment—Usinga10-ftor3-mstraightedgeplacedsothatbothendsareincontactwiththepipe,1.8in.[3mm].校準(zhǔn)---使用10英尺或3米直尺兩端與鋼管接觸，1/8英寸（3mm）。8.1.4Thickness—Theminimumwallthicknessatanypointinthepipeshallnotbemorethan0.01in.[0.3mm]underthenominalthickness.厚度---鋼管上任意一點(diǎn)的壁厚應(yīng)不超過(guò)0.01英寸名義厚度（0.3毫米）9.Workmanship,Finish,andAppearance工藝，磨光和外觀9.1Thefinishedpipeshallhaveaworkmanlikefinish.成品鋼管應(yīng)有較好的磨光9.2RepairofPlateDefectsbyMachiningorGrinding—Pipeshowingsliversmaybemachinedorgroundinsideoroutsidetoadepthwhichshallensuretheremovalofallincludedscaleandslivers,providingthewallthicknessisnotreducedbelowthespecifiedminimumwallthickness.Machiningorgrindingshallfollowinspectionofthepipeasrolled,andshallbefollowedbysupplementaryvisualinspection.通過(guò)加工或打磨修補(bǔ)鋼板缺陷—帶有碎屑的鋼管可以在以壁厚不小于規(guī)定的最后小壁厚為前提下，在內(nèi)部或外部加工或者打磨到直至保證去除所有鱗片和碎屑。加工或打磨后應(yīng)做壓制管檢測(cè)，并做補(bǔ)充目測(cè)。9.3RepairofPlateDefectsbyWelding—Defectswhichviolateminimumwallthicknessmayberepairedbywelding,butonlywiththeapprovalofthepurchaser.Areasshallbesuitablypreparedforweldingwithtightlycloseddefectsremovedbygrinding.Open,cleandefects,suchaspitsorimpressions,mayrequirenopreparation.Allwelders,weldingoperators,andweldproceduresshallbequalifiedtotheASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionIX.Unlessthepurchaserspecifiesotherwise,piperequiredtobeheattreatedundertheprovisionsof6.3,shallbeheattreatedorreheattreatedfollowingrepairwelding.Repairedlengths,whererepairdepthisgreaterthan1/4ofthethickness,shallbepressuretestedorrepressuretestedafterrepairandheattreatment(ifany).Repairweldsshallalsobeexaminedbysuitablenondestructiveexaminationtechniques,includinganytechniquesspecificallyrequiredoftheprimaryweld.通過(guò)焊接修復(fù)鋼板缺陷---不符合最小壁厚規(guī)定的鋼管可以通過(guò)焊接修復(fù)，但只能在采購(gòu)商允許的情況下。修補(bǔ)區(qū)域應(yīng)通過(guò)僅打磨缺陷處的辦法做好焊接準(zhǔn)備。開闊，干凈的缺陷部位，比如凹點(diǎn)和壓痕不需要做準(zhǔn)備工作。所有的焊機(jī)，焊工和焊接工藝應(yīng)符合ASME鍋爐和壓力容器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，第IX.部分。除非采購(gòu)商另有規(guī)定，鋼管需要按照6.3的規(guī)定進(jìn)行熱解決，應(yīng)按照管道焊接的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)進(jìn)行熱解決或重新熱解決。在修理的長(zhǎng)度范圍內(nèi)，修理深度超過(guò)1/4厚度，應(yīng)進(jìn)行壓力測(cè)試或者在修補(bǔ)和熱解決（假如有）后重新做壓力測(cè)試。修補(bǔ)焊接也要通過(guò)適當(dāng)?shù)臒o(wú)損檢測(cè)技術(shù)檢測(cè)，涉及檢測(cè)重要焊接部位的特定的檢測(cè)技術(shù)。9.4Thepipeshallbefreeofscaleandcontaminatingironparticles.Pickling,blastingorsurfacefinishingisnotmandatorywhenpipeisbrightannealed.Thepurchasermayrequestthatapassivatingtreatmentbeapplied.鋼管應(yīng)無(wú)鱗片，不包含鐵屑。當(dāng)鋼管光亮退火時(shí)，酸洗，爆破和表面解決都不是強(qiáng)制的。采購(gòu)商也許會(huì)規(guī)定做鈍化解決。10.HeatAnalysis熱分析10.1AnanalysisofeachheatofsteelshallbemadebytheplatemanufacturertodeterminethepercentagesoftheelementsprescribedinSpecificationA240/A240M.ThechemicalcompositionthusdeterminedshallconformtotherequirementsprescribedinSpecificationA240/A240M.鋼板生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)鋼鐵熱分析來(lái)擬定A240/A240M規(guī)范中描述的成分?；瘜W(xué)構(gòu)成因此擬定將與A240/A240M規(guī)范中描述的相一致。11.ProductAnalysis產(chǎn)品分析11.1Foreachlotof500ft[150m]ofpipeorfractionthereof,analysisshallbemadebythemanufacturerfromthefinishedpipeoftheplateandofthewelddeposit.Drillingsforanalysismaybetakenfromthemechanicaltestspecimens.Theresultsoftheseanalysesshallbereportedtothepurchaserorthepurchaser’srepresentative,andshallconformtotherequirementsofSection7,subjecttotheproductanalysistoleranceofTable1inSpecificationA480/A480M.對(duì)于每一批500英尺（150米）鋼管或者它的一部分，生產(chǎn)商應(yīng)做成品管和焊接的分析報(bào)告。用于分析的鉆孔可以使用機(jī)械測(cè)試的標(biāo)本。這些分析結(jié)果應(yīng)報(bào)告給采購(gòu)商或者采購(gòu)商代表，并且應(yīng)符合第七部分的規(guī)定，滿足A480/A480M規(guī)范中表格1中的產(chǎn)品分析公差。11.2Iftheanalysisofoneofthetestsspecifiedin9.1doesnotconformtotherequirementsspecifiedinSection7,analysesshallbemadeonadditionalpipeofdoubletheoriginalnumberfromthesamelot,eachofwhichshallconformtotherequirementsspecified.假如9.1中規(guī)定的測(cè)試之一的分析報(bào)告與第七部分規(guī)定的規(guī)定不同，應(yīng)在同批次鋼管中取雙倍于原數(shù)量的鋼管再做分析，每組分析都應(yīng)與規(guī)定的規(guī)定一致。12.TensileRequirements張力規(guī)定。12.1TheplateusedinmakingthepipeshallconformtotherequirementsastotensilepropertiesoftheapplicablespecificationslistedinTable1.Tensiontestsmadebytheplatemanufacturershallqualifytheplatematerial.生產(chǎn)鋼管時(shí)所使用的鋼板應(yīng)符合表格1中合用的規(guī)范的張力特性的規(guī)定。鋼板生產(chǎn)商所作的張力測(cè)試應(yīng)證明鋼板材料合格。12.2Thetransversetensiontesttakenacrosstheweldedjointspecimenshallhaveatensilestrengthnotlessthanthespecifiedminimumtensilestrengthoftheplate.對(duì)焊縫樣本所作的橫向張力測(cè)試應(yīng)采用不小于規(guī)定的鋼板最小張力。13.TransverseGuided-BendWeldTests橫向?qū)驈澢附訙y(cè)試13.1Twobendtestspecimensshallbetakentransverselyfromthepipe.Exceptasprovidedin13.2,oneshallbesubjecttoafaceguided-bendtestandthesecondtoarootguided-bendtest.Onespecimenshallbebentwiththeinsidesurfaceofthepipeagainsttheplunger,andtheotherwiththeoutsidesurfaceagainsttheplunger.應(yīng)橫向取2個(gè)彎曲測(cè)試標(biāo)本。除了13.2中情形，一個(gè)應(yīng)做表面導(dǎo)向彎曲測(cè)試，第二個(gè)做根部彎曲測(cè)試。一個(gè)標(biāo)本應(yīng)使管道內(nèi)表面朝向活塞彎曲，另一個(gè)標(biāo)本外表面朝向活塞。13.2Forwallthicknessesover3.8in.[9.5mm]butlessthan3.4in.[19mm]side-bendtestsmaybemadeinsteadofthefaceandroot-bendtests.Forspecifiedwallthicknesses3.4in.[19mm]andover,bothspecimensshallbesubjectedtotheside-bendtests.Side-bendspecimensshallbebentsothatoneofthesidesurfacesbecomestheconvexsurfaceofthebendspecimen.對(duì)于壁厚超過(guò)3.8英寸（9.5mm）但小于3.4英寸（19mm）可以做側(cè)面彎曲測(cè)試來(lái)替代表面和根部彎曲測(cè)試。對(duì)于特定的壁厚達(dá)成3.4英寸（19mm）及以上的鋼管，兩個(gè)標(biāo)本都應(yīng)做側(cè)面彎曲測(cè)試。側(cè)面彎曲的標(biāo)本應(yīng)為彎曲的，這樣一個(gè)側(cè)面表面可以作為彎曲標(biāo)本的凸面。13.3Thebendtestshallbeacceptableifnocracksorotherdefectsexceeding1.8in.[3mm]inanydirectionbepresentintheweldmetalorbetweentheweldandthepipemetalafterbending.Crackswhichoriginatealongtheedgesofthespecimenduringtesting,andthatarelessthan1.4in.[6.5mm]measuredinanydirectionshallnotbeconsidered.彎曲后，假如沒(méi)有裂縫或其他在任何方向上超過(guò)1.8英寸（3mm）的缺陷出現(xiàn)在焊接金屬或焊接與管道金屬之間，彎曲測(cè)試應(yīng)為合格。在測(cè)試中，沿管邊沿出現(xiàn)的裂縫和任何方向上小于1.4英寸（6.5mm）大小的裂縫不予考慮。14.TestSpecimensandMethodsofTesting測(cè)試標(biāo)本和測(cè)試方法14.1Transversetensionandbendtestspecimensshallbetakenfromtheendofthefinishedpipe;thetransversetensionandbendtestspecimensshallbeflattenedcoldbeforefinalmachiningtosize.橫向張力和彎曲測(cè)試標(biāo)本應(yīng)從成品鋼管的端點(diǎn)取樣，橫向張力和彎曲測(cè)試標(biāo)本應(yīng)在最終加工成合適尺寸之前冷壓平。14.2Asanalternativetotherequirementsof14.1,thetestspecimensmaybetakenfromatestplateofthesamematerialasthepipe,whichisattachedtotheendofthecylinderandweldedasaprolongationofthepipelongitudinalseam.作為14.1規(guī)定的備選項(xiàng)，測(cè)試標(biāo)本可以取自與鋼管同樣材料的測(cè)試鋼板，附于氣缸尾部并焊接作為管道縱向焊縫的延伸。原件第四頁(yè)結(jié)束14.3TensiontestspecimensshallbemadeinaccordancewithSectionIX,PartQW,ParagraphQW-150oftheASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCodeandshallbeoneofthetypesshowninQW-462.1ofthatcode.張力測(cè)試標(biāo)本應(yīng)根據(jù)ASME鍋爐和壓力容器標(biāo)準(zhǔn)第QW-150段，QW部分，IX章節(jié)制作，并且應(yīng)為該標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的QW-462.1中所顯示的類型的一種。14.3.1Reduced-sectionspecimensconformingtotherequirementsgiveninQW-462.1(b)maybeusedfortensiontestsonallthicknessesofpipehavingoutsidediametergreaterthan3in.[76mm].符合QW-462.1(b)規(guī)定的縮減斷面標(biāo)本可以用于外徑大于3英寸(76mm)的管的所有厚度的張力測(cè)試。14.3.2TurnedspecimensconformingtotherequirementsofQW-462.1(d)maybeusedfortensiontests.符合QW-462.1(b)規(guī)定的車削的標(biāo)本可以用于張力測(cè)試。Ifturnedspecimensareusedasgiveninand,onecompletesetshallbemadeforeachrequiredtensiontest.假如如和使用單車削標(biāo)本，每個(gè)規(guī)定的張力測(cè)試應(yīng)制作一整套標(biāo)本。Forthicknessestoandincluding11/4in.[32mm],asingleturnedspecimenmaybeused.對(duì)于壁厚達(dá)成11/4英寸（32mm）以及以下的鋼管可以使用單車削標(biāo)本Forthicknessesover11/4in.[32mm],multiplespecimensshallbecutthroughthefullthicknessoftheweldwiththeircentersparalleltothematerialsurfaceandnotover1in.[25mm]apart.Thecentersofthespecimensadjacenttomaterialsurfacesshallnotexceed5/8in.[16mm]fromthesurface. 對(duì)于壁厚超過(guò)11/4英寸（32mm）的鋼管，應(yīng)制作多個(gè)標(biāo)本，切穿焊接部分整個(gè)厚度，中心平行于材料表面，并相距不超過(guò)1英寸（25mm）。14.4Thetestspecimensshallnotbecutfromthepipeortestplateuntilafterfinalheattreatment.測(cè)試標(biāo)本不得于最終熱解決之前切割。15.MechanicalTestsRequired規(guī)定的材料測(cè)試15.1TransverseTensionTest—Onetestshallbemadetorepresenteachlot(seeNote2)offinishedpipe.橫向張力測(cè)試---一次測(cè)試應(yīng)代表該批次（見(jiàn)注2）成品鋼管。NOTE2—Theterm“l(fā)ot”appliestoallpipeofthesamegrade(mayincludemorethanoneheatofsteel)withina3.16-in.[4.7-mm]rangeofthicknessandweldedtothesameweldprocedure,andwhenheattreated,donesotothesameheat-treatingprocedureandinthesamefurnace.Themaximumlotsizeshallbe200linearft[60m]ofpipe.注2---批次合用于所有3.6（4.7mm）英寸厚度范圍以內(nèi)同級(jí)別鋼管（也許包含不止一種鋼鐵溫度）和焊接時(shí)采用同樣焊接工藝的鋼管，并且使用同樣熱解決工藝和同一臺(tái)熔爐的鋼管。15.2TransverseGuided-BendWeldTest—Onetest(twopecimens)shallbemadetorepresenteachlot(Note2)offinishedpipe.橫向?qū)驈澢附訙y(cè)試---一次測(cè)試（兩個(gè)標(biāo)本）應(yīng)代表每批次（見(jiàn)注2）成品鋼管。15.3HydrostaticTest—EachlengthofpipeshallbesubjectedtoahydrostatictestinaccordancewithSpecificationA999/A999M,unlessspecificallyexemptedundertheprovisionof15.4.Pressureshallbeheldforasufficienttimetopermittheinspectortoexaminetheentirelengthoftheweldedseam.水壓測(cè)試---鋼管長(zhǎng)度應(yīng)依據(jù)A999/A999M標(biāo)準(zhǔn)的水壓測(cè)試的規(guī)定，除非按15.4條款下免去。應(yīng)保持壓力至足夠的測(cè)試時(shí)間以供檢查員檢查整個(gè)焊縫長(zhǎng)度。15.4Thepurchaser,withtheagreementofthemanufacturer,maycompletethehydrostatictestrequirementwiththesystempressuretest,whichmaybelowerorhigherthanthespecificationtestpressure,butinnocaseshallthetestpressurebelowerthanthesystemdesignpressure.Eachlengthofpipefurnishedwithoutthecompletedmanufacturer’shydrostatictestshallincludewiththemandatorymarkingtheletters“NH.”在與生產(chǎn)商取得一致的情況下，采購(gòu)商可以通過(guò)系統(tǒng)壓力測(cè)試完畢水壓測(cè)試，也許低于或高于規(guī)定的測(cè)試壓力，但在任何情況下，測(cè)試壓力都不應(yīng)低于系統(tǒng)設(shè)計(jì)壓力。未做完整的生廠商水壓測(cè)試生產(chǎn)的鋼管應(yīng)用字母NH做強(qiáng)制標(biāo)志。16.RadiographicExamination射線檢測(cè)16.1ForClasses1,3,and4pipe,allweldedjointsshallbecompletelyexaminedbyradiography.等級(jí)為1、3和4的管道，所有焊縫要所有進(jìn)行射線檢測(cè)。16.2ForClass5pipe,theweldedjointsshallbespotradiographedtotheextentofnotlessthan12in.[300mm]ofradiographper50ft[15m]ofweld.等級(jí)為5的管道，焊縫要進(jìn)行局部射線檢測(cè)，每50ft(15m)要進(jìn)行不少于12in.(300mm)的射線探傷。16.3ForClasses1,3,and4pipe,radiographicexaminationshallbeinaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionVIII,latestedition,ParagraphUW-51.等級(jí)為1、3和4的管道，射線檢測(cè)要按照ASME鍋爐和壓力容器規(guī)范，第VIII部分，最新版，UW-51段落的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。16.4ForClass5pipe,radiographicexaminationshallbeinaccordancewiththerequirementsoftheASMEBoilerandPressureVesselCode,SectionVIII,Division1,latestedition,ParagraphUW-52.等級(jí)為5的管道，射線檢測(cè)要按照ASME鍋爐和壓力容器規(guī)范，第VIII部分，1段，最新版，UW-52段落的規(guī)定進(jìn)行。16.5Radiographicexaminationmaybeperformedpriortoheattreatment.射線檢測(cè)可以在熱解決之前進(jìn)行。17.Lengths長(zhǎng)度17.1Circumferentiallyweldedjointsofthesamequalityasthelongitudinaljointsshallbepermittedbyagreementbetweenthemanufacturerandthepurchaser.在生產(chǎn)商和采購(gòu)商協(xié)商一致的情況下，同縱向的接縫質(zhì)量相同的圓周焊縫應(yīng)予準(zhǔn)許。18.ProductMarking產(chǎn)品標(biāo)記18.1InadditiontothemarkingprescribedinSpecificationA999/A999M,themarkingsoneachlengthofpipeshallincludetheplatematerialdesignationsasshowninTable1,themarkingrequirementsof6.3and15.4,andClass1