同位語(yǔ)從句講解

初中英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法同位語(yǔ)從句專項(xiàng)講解與訓(xùn)練(一)

概念一般來(lái)說(shuō)，在主從復(fù)合句中,用作同位語(yǔ)的從句叫同位語(yǔ)從句。它通常跟在某些名詞之后，用以說(shuō)明或解釋該名詞表示的具體內(nèi)容?？梢愿徽Z(yǔ)從句的名詞通常有：advice,

decision,

fact,

hope,

idea,

information,

message,

news,

promise,

proposal,

reply,

report,

suggestion,

word（消息），problem，

question,

doubt,

thought等。例如：They

were

delighted

at

the

news

that

their

team

had

won.當(dāng)聽(tīng)到他們隊(duì)獲勝的消息時(shí)，他們欣喜若狂。Where

did

you

get

the

idea

that

I

could

not

come？你從哪兒聽(tīng)說(shuō)我不能來(lái)？有時(shí)同位語(yǔ)從句可以不緊跟在被說(shuō)明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開(kāi)。

如：The

thought

came

to

him

that

Tom

might

have

returned

the

book.他突然想起湯姆可能已經(jīng)還了書(shū)了。（二）引導(dǎo)詞請(qǐng)仔細(xì)觀察下列句子，注意從句引導(dǎo)詞的用法。1.

The

news

that

Mr.

Li

will

be

our

new

English

teacher

is

true.2.

He

hasn’t

made

the

decision

whether

he

will

go

there.

3.

The

question

who

should

do

the

work

is

being

discussed

at

the

meeting4.

I

have

no

idea

what

the

boy

is

doing

in

the

next

room

now.5.

We

haven’t

yet

settled

the

question

where

we

are

going

to

spend

our

summer

vacation

this

year.6.

I

have

no

idea

how

I

can

get

to

the

railway

station.

7.

I

have

no

idea

when

he

will

be

back．[小結(jié)歸納]①

that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)無(wú)詞義，也不充當(dāng)任何成分，但通常不可以省略，如句1；②

whether引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)意為“是否”，通常不能用if來(lái)代替,如句2;③

連接代詞who,

what等可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，如句3，

4；④

連接副詞where,

how,

when等可以引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句，

如句5，6，7。(三)

that

引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句和定語(yǔ)從句①

意義不同：同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)進(jìn)一步說(shuō)明前面名詞的內(nèi)容；而定語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)修飾、限定前面的先行詞。試比較：1.

The

news

that

our

team

has

won

the

final

match

is

encouraging.

2.

The

news

that

you

told

us

is

really

encouraging.5.

他突然想起他本來(lái)應(yīng)該去接兒子的。Key:I.

1.

that

2.

that

3.

that

4.

how

5.

what

6.

whetherII.

1

that→which

2.

how→that

3.

if→whether4.

where→that

/

which或省略where5.

when→that

6.

that→how

III.

1.

I

made

a

promise

that

I

would

write

to

him

as

soon

as

I

got

to

Beijing.2.

He

often

asked

me

the

question

whether

the

work

was

worth

doing.

3.

The

fact

that

he

had

not

said

anything

surprised

everybody.4.

In

my

opinion,

the

news

(that

/

which)

he

told