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2023年四川省遂寧市高考英語(yǔ)一診試卷學(xué)校:___________姓名:___________班級(jí):___________考號(hào):___________題號(hào)一二三四五六總分得分注意事項(xiàng):
1.答卷前,考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。
2.回答選擇題時(shí),選出每小題答案后,用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑;如需改動(dòng),用橡皮擦干凈后,再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?;卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí),將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上,寫(xiě)在試卷上無(wú)效。
3.考試結(jié)束后,本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第I卷(選擇題)一、閱讀理解(本大題共15小題,共分)AWithgloballyfamousliteraryfestivals,specialtybookshopsandarichculturalwelltodrawfrom,Torontoisaliteraturelover'sdream.
Herearetwofestivals.WhenWordontheStreetwasfirstheldinTorontoin1990,itwasdesignedtocelebrateCanada'srichliteraryculture.Nowit'sbecomethelargestfestivalinthecountrydevotedtobooksandmagazines.It'sfreeforattendees.Ofcourse,,thecontemporary-literature-focusedTorontoInternationalFestivalofAuthors(TIFA)willcomenextmonth-eachOctober.TIFAKidstakesplaceatthesametime,makingforaliteraryescapeforthewholefamily.
Howaboutspecialtybookshops?
FlyingBooksisabookstore,bookpublisherandwritingschoolfoundedbybookeditorMarthaSharpe.YoucanfindSharpe'sselectionoftitlesatTheGoodNeighborEspressoBarandtheGladstoneHouse.Extendyourliteratureexperiencefromhomewithitsvirtualclassesoncriticism,journalism,memoirandmore,taughtbyexperiencedCanadianauthors.
BenMcNallyBooks(possiblythecity'smostbeautifulbookstore)isintheeastoftheFinancialDistrict,whoseownerisregularlyon-sitetoassistyouwithrecommendations.
TypeBooksacrossfromgreenTrinityBellwoodsParkwhichistheperfectspottoreadunderthetreesisco-ownedbyaformerliteratureprofessorandbestforgeneralinterest.
Westend'sMonkey'sPaw,whereyoucanfindrarebooks,anduniquefinds,specializesinsecondhandandancientbooks.
QueenBooksinLeslievillehasanexcellentkids'sectionwhereyoucanbuythelatestchildren'sbooks.1.WhatdoweknowaboutWordontheStreet?______A.Ithasgrowngradually. B.ItisheldeachOctober.
C.Itchargesparticipants. D.ItisofTIFAorigin.2.WhatcanFlyingBookshelpyoudo?______A.Becomeabookeditorfaster.
B.Buildupapersonallibrary.
C.Getthefreebooksfromauthors.
D.Improveyourliteraryskillsonline.3.Whichbookstorewillyougotofindagoodplacetoreadafterbuyingbooks?______A.QueenBooks. B.BenMcNallyBooks.
C.TypeBooks. D.Monkey'sPaw.BOuarzazateisadeserttownatthefootoftheAtlasMountainsinMorocco,Africa,whichattractsHollywoodandEuropeanfilmmakersforitsvariedsceneryandpicture-perfectlocations.ItsKasbah,withitsredandbrownmudhousesandnarrowstreets,isoneoftheselocations.It'sbeenchosenbymanyUSandBritishmoviemakersasalocationforbig-budgetfilmssuchasGladiatorsandKingdomofHeaven.
ThecinemahasbroughtalottoOuarzazate,whosepeoplemayworkastechnicians,soundengineersordecorators,,herhusband,andtheirfivechildrenhaveallappearedinWesternfilmsasextras.MbarkahasbeeninsomanyHollywoodfilmsoverthepast20yearsthatshecannotremembermostofthem.Shedoesn'tevenknowthenameofthelastonesheappearedin.
"Iwasinthefilmfor15days.Myson,Azzedine,knowsitsname,"saidMbarka.It'sunnecessarytorememberthat.Afterall,it'snotthatshelikestheindustry,butthatshemakesalivingfromit.
KingdomofHeaven,a﹩180millionUSproduction,providedeightmonthsofworkfor2800Ouarzazatepeople."Whenthecinemacomeshere,peoplearehappy,"saidAzzedinewhohasappearedinmoviessincehewasseven.Whenthere'snomovieintown,hismothersellssandwichesinthelocalmarket,buthedoesn'tseekanyotherjoborgotoschooltoimprovehisskills,notwantingtomissafilmopportunitythoughhe'snotwellpaid.Infact,inexperiencedMoroccanextrasgetaslittleas﹩,themoneyisn'tbadconsideringtheaveragesalaryinOuarzazateisabout﹩6aday.Thosewithexperienceearnmore;theygetabout﹩24perdayorasmuchas﹩60.InexperiencedEuropeanextras,ontheotherhand,getabout﹩40perday.ThishasledtocomplaintsofdiscriminationbysomeOuarzazatepeople.4.WhatcanbelearntaboutMbarka?______A.Sheisaseniorextra. B.Shelovesmakingfilms.
C.She'sleftshowbusiness. D.Shehasbeenforgetful.5.WhatdoesAzzedinedowhenthere'snomoviework?______A.Helearnshardtobearealactor.
B.Healwaysgoesouttowork.
C.Hedeliberatelyremainsjobless.
D.Hehelpshismotherinamarket.6.What'sOuarzazatepeople'sattitudetothearrivaloftheforeignfilmindustry?______A.Tolerant. B.Favorable. C.Unwilling. D.Carefree.7.Whatistheauthor'spurposeinwritingthetext?______A.Topromotetwobig-budgetfilms.
B.Tointroducetheextras'situations.
C.TorecommendanAfricanHollywood.
D.Tocallforanendtopaydiscrimination.CBusstopsacrosstheUnitedKingdom(UK)andEuropearegettinglivingroofs.Theyarecalledbeebusstops.
Beesandotherpollinators(傳粉者)likebutterflieshelpgrowplants,suchasflowers,trees,andcrops.Whentheseinsectsvisitflowers,theycollectpollen—ayellowpowderinthecenterofmostflowers.
Withoutbeesorotherinsectsbringingpollenfromoneflowertoanother,manyplantscouldn'tproduceseedsorgrowfruitsorvegetables.Butashumanshavetakenovermoreandmorelandforcities,roads,andfarms,morenaturalareashavedisappeared.TheWildlifeTrusts,agroupwhichworkstoprotectwildlifeintheUK,saysthatinsectnumberstherehavedroppedby50%since1970.
Thenbeebusstopsareborn.TheadvertisingcompanyClearChannelisworkingwiththeWildlifeTrustsandcitygovernmentstosetupbeebusstopsincitiesacrosstheUK.Theyarelikeordinarybusshelters,butsmallgardenshavebeenaddedtotheroofs.Thegardensarefilledwithflowersandplantschosentoattractbeesandbutterflies.Eventhoughthegardensaresmall,togethertheyadduptoamuch1largerarea.
Becausethesoilfortherooftopgardenisheavy,especiallywhenitrains,thebussheltersneedtobe.Therooftopgardensneedtobecleanedabouttwiceayear.Butotherthanthat,notmuchisneededtokeepthegardensgoing.Thissummerwasalittledifferent,becauseoftheextremeheat.
ClearChannelthatalreadyhassimilarbeebusstopprogramsinseveralcountriesinEuropeisworkingwithlocalgovernmentstobuildatleast1,000beebusstopsintheUK.Researchshowsthatthesebusstopsalongwithmanyotherstepstakentosupportpollinators,arehelping.AfterdecadesofdroppingnumbersbeepopulationsinEuropehavebecomemorestableoverthelastfewyears.8.Whatisparagraph2mainlyaboutconcerningpollinators?______A.Theirwaysoflife. B.Theirimportance.
C.Theirdailybehavior. D.Theirlivingenvironment.9.Whatarebeebusstopsintendedfor?______A.Beautifyingthecrowdedcities.
B.Offeringinsectsislandsofnature.
C.Introducingeco-friendlyproducts.
D.Drawingattentiontoclimatechange.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"sturdy"inparagraph4mean?______A.Strong. B.Large. C.Clean. D.Attractive.11.Whichofthefollowingbestdescribesthebeebusstopprogram?______A.Costly. B.Controversial. C.Demanding. D.Successful.DForyears,doctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.
Bloodtransfusionsaren'tassimpleastakingbloodfromonepersonandgivingittosomeoneelse.There'reseveraldifferentbloodtypesthatdon'tallmixwell.Ifsomeonegetsatransfusionofthewrongkindofblood,theirbodywillrejectthebloodcells,causingproblems.Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細(xì)胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.
Thiscouldbeevenbetterthanaregularbloodtransfusion.Foronething,,anormaltransfusionhasredbloodcellsofalldifferentages,whichmeansonlyasmallpartofthemarebrandnew.Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.
Totestitssafety,researchershavegivenacoupleofteaspoonsofthebloodtotwohealthypeople,bothofwhomseemtobedoingjustfineafterthetransfusions.Inall,they'llbetestedon10people,,growingredbloodcellsinalabisextremelyexpensive.Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.Butifit'ssuccessful,theprocesscouldmakelifemucheasierforpatientswhooftenneedtransfusions-eventhosewithrarebloodtypes.12.Whatisspecialabouttheredbloodcellsintheexperiment?______A.They'regivenbythosewithrarebloodtypes.
B.They'recollectedfromseriouslyillpatients.
C.They'respecificallyforasinglebloodtype.
D.They'veneverexistedinanyhumanbodies.13.Whatisthedisadvantageofnormalbloodtransfusion?______A.Bloodreservesareofteninadequate.
B.Itoftentakesthepatientalotoftime.
C.Mostnormalbloodcellsdon'tlivelong.
D.It'sunfitforthosewithrarebloodtypes.14.Whatcanbeinferredaboutthenewprocessofredbloodcells?______A.Itwillhavealongwaytogo.
B.It'llreplacenormaltransfusions.
C.Itwillseparaterarebloodtypes.
D.It'llreducebloodresearchcosts.15.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?______A.BloodTransfusionsGetEasier
B.RareBloodTypesAreNotRare
C.RareBloodCellsNeedDonating
D.ScientistsTestLab-createdBlood二、閱讀七選五(本大題共5小題,共分)Amicroscopeisascientificinstrumentthatrevealsobjectswhicharenormallytoosmallforthehumaneyestosee.Microscopesuseseverallenses(鏡片)toprovidealargeimageofatinyobjectandtheyhavebeenimportantinthestudyofbiology.
(1).Peoplenoticedthatsinglelensescouldmakeobjectslargerandalsothattheycouldfocusthesun'sraystostartafire.Theseearlylenseswerecalledburningglasses.Thisledtothedevelopmentofeye-glassesorspectaclesintheearly1300s.
Inthelate1500s,twoDutchspectaclemakers,HansandZacchariasJanssen,inventedthefirsttruemicroscope.(2),,anItalianscientist,improvedthequalityofthelensestoproducebetterqualitymicroscopesandtelescopes.
AnthonyLeeuwenhoek(1632-1723)andRobertHooke(1635-1703)weretwoearlyusersofthemicroscope.(3).Leeuwenhoekdiscoveredbacteriaandshowedhowadropofwaterisfulloflivingcreatures.RobertHookewroteabookMicrographiawhichdescribedthisnewworldofmicro-organismswithdrawingsthatamazedtheworld.
Fortwohundredyears,therewaslittledevelopmentofthemicroscopeuntilnewindustrialtechniquesproducedaccurateandpowerfullenses.(4),sotheywereofteninaccurate.Intheearlytwentiethcentury,theUSAandGermanyproducedpowerfulmicroscopesinlargenumbersforexportaroundtheworld.
Nowadays,scientistsstillusemicroscopesthatuselighttoseesmallobjectssuchascellsandmicro-organisms.(5).Theseelectronmicroscopeshaveamagnification(放大)ofamilliontimesandnowwecanseemolecules(分子)andatoms.
A.Theyusedseverallensestogetherinatube
B.Microscopeswereexpensiveintheirearlydays
C.Beforethistime,peoplemadethelensesbyhand
D.Theymademanyimportantdiscoveriesformankindbyusingit
E.ThewordmicroscopecomesfromtheNewLatinwordmicroscopium
F.Buttheyalsohavesopowerfulmicroscopesthatuseadifferenttechnology
G.Thediscoveryofglassover2000yearsagoledtoearlyexperimentswithlenses16.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H17.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H18.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H19.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H20.
A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G H.H三、完形填空(本大題共20小題,共分)FritzSamwasdrivinghisUbercarwhenhepickedupJemimahWei,whowasonherwaytoLaGuardiaAirport.(21)Brooklyn'sBed-Stuyneighborhood,F(xiàn)ritzsawabuildingonfire.
HeaskedJemimahifshe'dmindhimpullingovertocheckitout.WithJemimah's(22),hewentouttohelp.
Outsideofthebuildingacrowdhad(23),andFritzjoinedthemincallingforthepeopleinsidetocomeout.Andwhensomeonesaidtwopeoplewere(24)inside,hewasfacedwiththe(25)ofstayingsafeoutonthesidewalkorrunningintothe(26)buildingtohelpthosethatremained.
Fritzchosethelatter.He(27),hemetonemanwhosaidhewould(28)theinstanthepickedupsomething(29).SoFritzmadeamentalnotethathe'd(30)themanbeforeheadingoutofthebuilding.Goingupanothersetofstairs,he(31)awomanwhowastoo(32)tomove.Hehurriedforwardto(33)herandheadeddownstairs.Beforeheadingouthimself,F(xiàn)ritzlistenedforthemanhe'd(34)seen.Whenheheardmovementdownthestairs,heranbackandrushedthemantothe(35)Backinsidethecar,F(xiàn)ritzgotJemimahtothe(36),andallintimetocatchherflight.Whenlanding,she(37)photosoftheburningbuildingonasocialnetworkingwebsiteto(38)herUberhero.Jemimah'sthreadcaughtthe(39)ofmillions,makinghimsopopular.Becauseofhis(40)Uberhasdecidedtocoverhisvehiclerentalfeesforayear.21.
A.Drivingthrough B.Lookingfor
C.Talkingabout D.Movingaround22.
A.payment B.direction C.permission D.urgency23.
A.hesitated B.gathered C.passed D.moved24.
A.still B.already C.even D.once25.
A.comparison B.comment C.sacrifice D.decision26.
A.strange B.crowded C.dangerous D.quiet27.
A.randomly B.quickly C.finally D.patiently28.
A.leave B.shout C.return D.relax29.
A.extra B.valuable C.safe D.large30.
A.communicatewith B.dependon
C.agreewith D.checkon31.
A.remembered B.stopped C.saw D.chose32.
A.angry B.embarrassed C.regretful D.frightened33.
A.impress B.support C.convince D.control34.
A.previously B.frequently C.eventually D.secretly35.
A.center B.space C.front D.entrance36.
A.border B.harbor C.airport D.station37.
A.developed B.posted C.found D.selected38.
A.confirm B.surprise C.comfort D.praise39.
A.attention B.attraction C.adaptation D.explanation40.
A.desire B.talent C.bravery D.responsibility第II卷(非選擇題)四、語(yǔ)法填空(本大題共1小題,共分)41.閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。
TheJapanesebranchoftheChineseLiteratureReaders'ClubwasestablishedattheChinaCulturalCenterinTokyo(1)September,2022.
TheeventhadChinesesci-fiwritersWangJinkang,BaoShu,andQiYue,alongsideJapanesesci-fiwriterTaiyoFujiiandNozomiOomori,theJapanese(2)(translate)ofLiuCixin'sTheThree-BodyProblem,asguestspeakerstotalkabouttheirsci-ficreations(3)thedevelopmenttrendofsci-fi.
ShiYongjing,culturalcounselor(參贊)attheChineseembassyinJapan,saidthat"bothChinaandJapanhavealonghistoryoftranslatingeach(4)(other)culturalworks".TheclubwillprovideanewplatformforJapanesereaders(5)(learn)aboutcontemporaryChina,shesaid.
Duringtheevent,(6)ranformorethantwohours,threeChinesewriterssharedstoriesabouthowtheybecamesci-fiwriters.(7)(start)fromChinesewriterLaoShe'sCatCountry,Japaneseguestspeakerstalkedabouttheir(8)(joy)experiencesofreadingChinesesciencefiction.Forthem,Chinesesci-filiterature(9)(develop)quicklyinthelast10years,andworkslikeTheThree-BodyProblemhaveattractedmanyJapanesereaders.
Inrecentyears,onaverage,Chinahas(10)(annual)publishedmorethan500sci-finovels.In2023,ChengduinSouthwestChina'sSichuanprovincewillhostthe81stWorldScienceFictionConvention.(1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)五、短文改錯(cuò)(本大題共1小題,共分)42.假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫(xiě)的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。
增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(^),并在其下面寫(xiě)出該加的詞。
刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。
修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫(huà)一橫線,并在該詞下面寫(xiě)出修改后的詞。
注意:(1)每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞;
(2)只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。
MyuncleandhisfamilyarelivinginFlorida,America.Lastsummer,mymotherandIflewseethemfromChina.Duringthetime,,wesawthenumberofanimals.Irealenjoyedthemonkeysthatmadefaceatus.WewenttotheFloridaScienceMuseumwherethere'remanyinterestedcollections.WeevenenjoyedwindsurfingatWestPalmBeach,whichitwasextremelyamazing!Tomydelighted,Imadeanewfriendwhoisahighschoolstudentlikemeandlivenextdoortomyuncle.Nowtheyoftensendemailstoeachothertoexchangeourlearningmethods.(1)(2)六、書(shū)面表達(dá)(本大題共1小題,共分)43.假定你是學(xué)校英語(yǔ)俱樂(lè)部負(fù)責(zé)人,你們邀請(qǐng)校友李華到校以"我的成長(zhǎng)經(jīng)歷"為主題給高三學(xué)生做英語(yǔ)勵(lì)志演講(EnglishInspirationalSpeech),請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)寫(xiě)一則書(shū)面通知,內(nèi)容包括:
(1)時(shí)間地點(diǎn);
(2)活動(dòng)安排;
(3)表達(dá)希望。
注意:(1)詞數(shù)100左右;通知格式已為你寫(xiě)好;
(2)可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié),以使行文連貫。
Boysandgirls,
TheEnglishClub
答案和解析1~3.【答案】A、D、C【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的WhenWordontheStreetwasfirstheldinTorontoin1990,itwasdesignedtocelebrateCanada'srichliteraryculture.Nowit'sbecomethelargestfestivalinthecountrydevotedtobooksandmagazines.(1990年,當(dāng)"WordontheStreet"首次在多倫多舉辦時(shí),它旨在慶祝加拿大豐富的文學(xué)文化?,F(xiàn)在,它已成為該國(guó)最大的圖書(shū)和雜志節(jié)。)可知,WordontheStreet是逐漸成長(zhǎng)的。故選A。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的You
can
find
Sharpe's
selection
of
titles
at
The
Good
Neighbor
Espresso
Bar
and
the
Gladstone
House.Extendyourliteratureexperiencefromhomewithitsvirtualclassesoncriticism,journalism,memoirandmore,taughtbyexperiencedCanadianauthors.(你可以在TheGoodNeighborEspresso酒吧和GladstoneHouse找到Sharpe的精選作品。通過(guò)由經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的加拿大作家教授的評(píng)論、新聞、回憶錄等虛擬課程,擴(kuò)展您在家的文學(xué)體驗(yàn)。)可知,F(xiàn)lyingBooks可以幫助你在線提高文學(xué)技能。故選D。
(3)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第六段TypeBooksacrossfromgreenTrinityBellwoodsParkwhichistheperfectspottoreadunderthetreesisco-ownedbyaformerliteratureprofessorandbestforgeneralinterest.(綠色的TrinityBellwoods公園對(duì)面的Type
Books,是在樹(shù)下閱讀的最佳地點(diǎn),由一位前文學(xué)教授共同擁有,最適合大眾閱讀。)可知,買完書(shū)后,你可以去TypeBooks找個(gè)地方看書(shū)。故選C。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章主要介紹了多倫多一些特色書(shū)店的情況。
1.直接信息題:直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息,選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題:間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息,但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異,做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題:綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話,可能是原文的幾句話,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析,而不能斷章取義。
4~7.【答案】A、C、B、B【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文第二段中的Mbarka,herhusband,andtheirfivechildrenhaveallappearedinWesternfilmsasextras.(Mbarka和她的丈夫以及他們的五個(gè)孩子都曾在西方電影中擔(dān)任臨時(shí)演員。)可知Mbarka是臨時(shí)演員。故選A。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文最后一段中的Whenthere'snomovieintown,hismothersellssandwichesinthelocalmarket,buthedoesn'tseekanyotherjoborgotoschooltoimprovehisskills,notwantingtomissafilmopportunitythoughhe'snotwellpaid.(當(dāng)鎮(zhèn)上沒(méi)有電影的時(shí)候,他的母親就在當(dāng)?shù)厥袌?chǎng)賣三明治,但他不去找其他工作,也不去學(xué)校提高自己的技能,不想錯(cuò)過(guò)一個(gè)電影機(jī)會(huì),盡管他的收入不高。)可知沒(méi)有電影可演的時(shí)候,Azzedine存心保持失業(yè)的狀態(tài)以免錯(cuò)過(guò)演電影的機(jī)會(huì)。故選C。
(3)觀點(diǎn)態(tài)度題。由本文最后一段中的Thosewithexperienceearnmore;theygetabout$24perdayorasmuchas$60.InexperiencedEuropeanextras,ontheotherhand,getabout$40perday.ThishasledtocomplaintsofdiscriminationbysomeOuarzazatepeople.(有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的人掙得更多;他們每天的收入約為24美元,最高可達(dá)60美元。另一方面,沒(méi)有經(jīng)驗(yàn)的歐洲臨時(shí)演員每天只能拿到40美元左右。這導(dǎo)致一些瓦爾扎扎人投訴歧視。)可知Ouarzazate人對(duì)外國(guó)電影產(chǎn)業(yè)的到來(lái)持支持態(tài)度。A.Tolerant.容忍的;B.Favorable.支持的;C.Unwilling.不愿意的;D.Carefree.無(wú)憂無(wú)慮的。故選B。
(4)寫(xiě)作意圖題。由本文第二段ThecinemahasbroughtalottoOuarzazate,whosepeoplemayworkastechnicians,soundengineersordecorators,buttheyaremainlygivenunimportantrolesasextras.(電影給瓦爾扎扎特帶來(lái)了很多東西,那里的人可能是技術(shù)人員、音響工程師或裝飾師,但他們主要被賦予不重要的角色,比如臨時(shí)演員。)結(jié)合文章主要介紹了Ouarzazate當(dāng)?shù)匾恍┡R時(shí)演員的情況??赏浦?,作者寫(xiě)這篇文章的目的是介紹Ouarzazate群眾演員的情況。故選B。
這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了Ouarzazate當(dāng)?shù)匾恍┡R時(shí)演員的情況。
閱讀理解解題步驟:首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意,因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒(méi)有標(biāo)題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料;其次細(xì)讀題材,各個(gè)擊破,掌握全文的大意之后,細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問(wèn)題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問(wèn)題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時(shí),要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性,對(duì)于捕獲到的信息,要做認(rèn)真分析,仔細(xì)推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對(duì)題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。
8~11.【答案】B、B、A、D【解析】(1)段落大意題。由本文第二段Bees
and
other
pollinators
(傳粉者)
like
butterflies
help
grow
plants,such
as
flowers,trees,and
crops.When
these
insects
visit
flowers,they
collect
pollen
—
a
yellow
powder
in
the
center
of
most
flowers.(蜜蜂和蝴蝶等傳粉者有助于植物的生長(zhǎng),如花、樹(shù)和農(nóng)作物。當(dāng)這些昆蟲(chóng)拜訪花朵時(shí),它們會(huì)收集花粉---大多數(shù)花朵中心的一種黃色粉末。)可知第二段主要介紹了傳粉者的重要性。故選B。
(2)推理判斷題。由本文第三段Without
bees
or
other
insects
bringing
pollen
from
one
flower
to
another,many
plants
couldn't
produceseeds
or
grow
fruits
or
vegetables.But
as
humans
have
taken
over
more
and
more
land
for
cities,roads,and
farms,more
natural
areas
have
disappeared.The
Wildlife
Trusts,a
group
which
works
to
protect
wildlifein
the
UK,says
that
insect
numbers
there
have
dropped
by
50%
since
1970.(如果沒(méi)有蜜蜂或其他昆蟲(chóng)將花粉從一朵花帶到另一朵花,許多植物就無(wú)法產(chǎn)生種子或種植水果或蔬菜。但隨著人類占用越來(lái)越多的土地建設(shè)城市、道路和農(nóng)場(chǎng),越來(lái)越多的自然區(qū)域消失了。致力于保護(hù)英國(guó)野生動(dòng)物的野生動(dòng)物信托基金會(huì)表示,自1970年以來(lái),英國(guó)昆蟲(chóng)的數(shù)量已經(jīng)下降了50%。)可知蜜蜂和蝴蝶的自然區(qū)域少了;結(jié)合第四段Then
bee
bus
stops
are
born.The
advertising
company
Clear
Channel
is
working
with
the
Wildlife
Trustsand
city
governments
to
set
up
bee
bus
stops
in
cities
across
the
UK.They
are
like
ordinary
bus
shelters,but
small
gardens
have
been
added
to
the
roofs.The
gardens
are
filled
with
flowers
and
plants
chosen
to
attract
bees
and
butterflies.(然后蜜蜂公交站就誕生了。廣告公司ClearChannel正與野生動(dòng)物信托基金會(huì)和市政府合作,在英國(guó)各城市設(shè)立蜜蜂公交車站。它們就像普通的公共汽車候車亭,但屋頂上增加了小花園?;▓@里種滿了花草,為的是吸引蜜蜂和蝴蝶。)可知蜜蜂巴士站的目的是為蜜蜂和蝴蝶提供自然區(qū)域。故選B。
(3)詞句猜測(cè)題。由本文第五段Because
the
soil
for
the
rooftop
garden
is
heavy,especially
when
it
rains,the
bus
shelters
need
to
be
.(因?yàn)槲蓓敾▓@的土壤很重,尤其是在下雨的時(shí)候,公共汽車候車亭需要很______。)可知,候車亭需要很堅(jiān)固結(jié)實(shí)才能經(jīng)受雨水。由此推知,劃線詞sturdy意思是"堅(jiān)固的"。A.Strong.堅(jiān)固的;B.Large.大的;C.Clean.干凈的;D.Attractive.有吸引力的。故選A。
(4)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由本文最后一段Researchshowsthatthesebusstops,alongwithmanyotherstepstakentosupportpollinators,arehelping.Afterdecadesofdroppingnumbers,beepopulationsinEuropehavebecomemorestableoverthelastfewyears.(研究表明,這些巴士站以及為支持傳粉者而采取的許多其他措施都有幫助。經(jīng)過(guò)幾十年的數(shù)量下降,歐洲的蜜蜂種群在過(guò)去幾年中變得更加穩(wěn)定。)可知,蜜蜂巴士站取得了成效。故選D。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了英國(guó)和歐洲的蜜蜂巴士站。
閱讀理解解題步驟:首先對(duì)原文材料迅速瀏覽,掌握全文的主旨大意,因?yàn)殚喿x理解題一般沒(méi)有標(biāo)題,所以,速讀全文,抓住中心主旨很有必要,在速讀的過(guò)程中,應(yīng)盡可能多地捕獲信息材料;其次細(xì)讀題材,各個(gè)擊破,掌握全文的大意之后,細(xì)細(xì)閱讀每篇材料后的問(wèn)題,弄清每題要求后,帶著問(wèn)題,再回到原文中去尋找、捕獲有關(guān)信息,要善于抓住每段的主題句,閱讀時(shí),要有較強(qiáng)的針對(duì)性,對(duì)于捕獲到的信息,要做認(rèn)真分析,仔細(xì)推敲,理解透徹,只有這樣,針對(duì)題目要求,才能做到穩(wěn)、準(zhǔn)。
12~15.【答案】D、C、A、D【解析】(1)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細(xì)胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(英國(guó)布里斯托大學(xué)的科學(xué)家首次開(kāi)展了一項(xiàng)新的試驗(yàn):在人體志愿者身上測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)室中培養(yǎng)的紅細(xì)胞??茖W(xué)家們利用血液樣本中的干細(xì)胞培養(yǎng)出數(shù)十億個(gè)全新的紅細(xì)胞,這是有史以來(lái)的第一次。)可知,這些紅細(xì)胞是在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中培養(yǎng)生長(zhǎng)的,而不是在人體內(nèi),這是它的特別之處。故選D。
(2)細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的Theredbloodcellsgrowninthelabarebrandnew,andthismeanstheylastlongerandthatpatientswillneedfewertransfusions.(在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中生長(zhǎng)的紅細(xì)胞是全新的,這意味著它們的持續(xù)時(shí)間更長(zhǎng),患者需要的輸血更少。)可知,常規(guī)的血細(xì)胞壽命不長(zhǎng)。故選C。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的Meanwhile,growingredbloodcellsinalabisextremelyexpensive.Andalotofworkandtestingstillneedtobedone.(同時(shí),在實(shí)驗(yàn)室中培養(yǎng)紅細(xì)胞非常昂貴。還有很多工作和測(cè)試需要做。)可推知,紅細(xì)胞的處理過(guò)程還有很遠(yuǎn)的路要走。故選A。
(4)標(biāo)題歸納題。根據(jù)第一段中的Foryears,doctorshavegivenbloodtopatientswhoneedittosurvive.Thesetransfusionsusuallyincludegivingredbloodcellstopatients.(多年來(lái),醫(yī)生一直為需要血液生存的患者提供血液。這些輸血通常包括給患者提供紅細(xì)胞。)以及第二段中的Forthefirsttimeever,scientistsfromtheUniversityofBristol,Britain,arecarryingoutanewtrail:testingredbloodcellsgrowninalaboratoryonhumanvolunteers.Thescientistshaveusedstemcells(干細(xì)胞)fromabloodsampletogrowbillionsofbrandnewredbloodcells.(英國(guó)布里斯托大學(xué)的科學(xué)家有史以來(lái)第一次在人類志愿者身上測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)室中生長(zhǎng)的紅細(xì)胞。科學(xué)家們使用來(lái)自血液樣本的干細(xì)胞來(lái)培養(yǎng)數(shù)十億個(gè)全新的紅細(xì)胞。)可知,本文主要講述的是科學(xué)家在實(shí)驗(yàn)室研發(fā)的一種紅細(xì)胞輸血方式。由此可知,D項(xiàng)"科學(xué)家測(cè)試實(shí)驗(yàn)室創(chuàng)造的血液"可作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選D。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹的是一種新的給患者輸血的方式,即給患者提供紅細(xì)胞,這種輸血方式一旦成功,將會(huì)使得經(jīng)常輸血的患者,即使是那些具有稀有血型的患者的生活變的輕松。
1.直接信息題:直接信息題是指能夠直接從原文中找到信息,選項(xiàng)在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文基本一致的題目。2.間接信息題:間接信息題是能夠從原文中找到信息,但在語(yǔ)言表達(dá)上與原文有差異,做題時(shí)需要對(duì)原文信息進(jìn)行轉(zhuǎn)換。3.綜合信息題:綜合信息題是指這類題目所涉及的信息不是原文的某一句話,可能是原文的幾句話,或者是散落在文章不同的地方,要求學(xué)生把原文所提供的信息綜合起來(lái)分析,而不能斷章取義。
16~20.【答案】G、A、D、C、F【解析】(1)推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文的Peoplenoticedthatsinglelensescouldmakeobjectslargerandalsothattheycouldfocusthesun'sraystostartafire.Theseearlylenseswerecalledburningglasses.(人們注意到單透鏡可以使物體變大,還可以集中太陽(yáng)光來(lái)生火。這些早期的鏡片被稱為燃燒鏡。)可知,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)的是早期的顯微鏡鏡片的作用。G選項(xiàng)"Thediscoveryofglassover2000yearsagoledtoearlyexperimentswithlenses(2000多年前玻璃的發(fā)現(xiàn)導(dǎo)致了早期的透鏡實(shí)驗(yàn)。)"引起下文,符合語(yǔ)境,強(qiáng)調(diào)了2000多年前的顯微鏡鏡片是由玻璃制作而成。故選G。
(2)推理判斷題。根據(jù)前文的Inthelate1500s,twoDutchspectaclemakers,HansandZacchariasJanssen,inventedthefirsttruemicroscope.(16世紀(jì)晚期,兩位荷蘭眼鏡制造商漢斯和扎克尼亞斯?楊森發(fā)明了第一臺(tái)真正的顯微鏡。)可知,此處提到了第一臺(tái)真正的顯微鏡,設(shè)空處應(yīng)該介紹該顯微鏡的使用原理。A選項(xiàng)"Theyusedseverallensestogetherinatube.(他們把幾個(gè)透鏡放在一個(gè)管子里。)"中的they指代前文的漢斯和扎克尼亞斯?楊森,符合語(yǔ)境。故選A。
(3)推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文的Leeuwenhoekdiscoveredbacteriaandshowedhowadropofwaterisfulloflivingcreatures.(列文虎克發(fā)現(xiàn)了細(xì)菌,并展示了一滴水是如何充滿生物的。)可知,此處強(qiáng)調(diào)列文虎克使用顯微鏡做出了怎樣的發(fā)現(xiàn)。D選項(xiàng)"Theymademanyimportantdiscoveriesformankindbyusingit.(他們利用它為人類做出了許多重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)。)"中的"許多重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)"即為下文的"一滴水是如何充滿生物的"。故選D。
(4)推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文的sotheywereofteninaccurate.(所以它們經(jīng)常是不準(zhǔn)確的。)可知,前文應(yīng)該交代顯微鏡不準(zhǔn)確的原因。C選項(xiàng)"Beforethistime,peoplemadethelensesbyhand.(在此之前,人們手工制作鏡片。)"指出了由于人們是手工制作鏡片,所以顯微鏡總是不準(zhǔn)確的。故選C。
(5)推理判斷題。根據(jù)后文的Theseelectronmicroscopeshaveamagnification(放大)ofamilliontimesandnowwecanseemolecules(分子)andatoms.(這些電子顯微鏡可以放大一百萬(wàn)倍,現(xiàn)在我們可以看到分子和原子。)可知空前應(yīng)該電子顯微鏡強(qiáng)大功效,即指出除了常規(guī)顯微鏡,當(dāng)前應(yīng)用的可以放大一百萬(wàn)倍的應(yīng)用于不同技術(shù)的強(qiáng)大顯微鏡。F選項(xiàng)"Buttheyalsohavesopowerfulmicroscopesthatuseadifferenttechnology.(但他們也有使用不同技術(shù)的強(qiáng)大顯微鏡)"符合語(yǔ)境。故選F。
本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章介紹了顯微鏡是一種科學(xué)儀器,同時(shí)介紹了顯微鏡鏡片的發(fā)展史,其在生物學(xué)研究中一直很重要。
七選五閱讀是完成性閱讀,和完形填空很類似,不同的是一個(gè)選詞,一個(gè)選句子。解題時(shí),要注意上下文語(yǔ)境,充分考慮信息詞(選項(xiàng)中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的詞),選出最符合語(yǔ)境的句子。
21~40.【答案】A、C、B、A、D、C、B、A、B、D、C、D、B、A、D、C、B、D、A、C【解析】(1)考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.Drivingthrough開(kāi)車經(jīng)過(guò);B.Lookingfor尋找;C.Talkingabout談?wù)?;D.Movingaround移動(dòng)。句意:弗里茨開(kāi)車經(jīng)過(guò)布魯克林的Bed-Stuy社區(qū)時(shí),看到一棟建筑著火了。根據(jù)上文"FritzSamwasdrivinghisUbercar"可知,此處是開(kāi)車經(jīng)過(guò)。故選A。
(2)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。支付;方向;允許;緊急。句意:杰邁瑪同意后,他出去幫忙。根據(jù)后文"he
went
out
to
help."可知,此處得到了允許。故選C。
(3)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。猶豫;聚集;通過(guò);移動(dòng)。句意:大樓外面聚集了一群人,弗里茨和他們一起呼吁里面的人出來(lái)。根據(jù)上文"Outside
of
the
building
a
crowd
had"以及上文提到建筑著火可知,此處是聚集了人群。故選B。
(4)考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。還;已經(jīng);甚至;立即。句意:當(dāng)有人說(shuō)有兩個(gè)人還在里面時(shí),他面臨著一個(gè)決定,是在外面的人行道上保持安全,還是沖進(jìn)危險(xiǎn)的建筑物去幫助那些還在里面的人。根據(jù)后文"building
to
help
those
that
remained"可知,里面還有人。故選A。
(5)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。比較;評(píng)論;犧牲;決定。句意:當(dāng)有人說(shuō)有兩個(gè)人還在里面時(shí),他面臨著一個(gè)決定,是在外面的人行道上保持安全,還是沖進(jìn)危險(xiǎn)的建筑物去幫助那些還在里面的人。根據(jù)后文"of
staying
safe
out
on
the
sidewalk
or
running
into
the"可知,此處指面臨呆在外面還是進(jìn)去的決定。故選D。
(6)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。奇怪的;擁擠的;危險(xiǎn)的;安靜的。句意:當(dāng)有人說(shuō)有兩個(gè)人還在里面時(shí),他面臨著一個(gè)決定,是在外面的人行道上保持安全,還是沖進(jìn)危險(xiǎn)的建筑物去幫助那些還在里面的人。結(jié)合上文可知,建筑著火了,所以是危險(xiǎn)的。故選C。
(7)考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。隨機(jī)地;快速地;終于;耐心地。句意:他迅速走進(jìn)煙霧彌漫的大樓,上了樓梯。根據(jù)后文"entered
the
smoke-filled
building
and
went
up
the
stairs"以及建筑物著火可知,此處是迅速進(jìn)入。故選B。
(8)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。離開(kāi);叫喊;返回;放松。句意:后來(lái),他遇到了一個(gè)人,那個(gè)人說(shuō)他一拿到值錢的東西就離開(kāi)。上文提到建筑著火了,所以是拿到值錢的東西就離開(kāi)。故選A。
(9)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。額外的;寶貴的;安全的;大的。句意:后來(lái),他遇到了一個(gè)人,那個(gè)人說(shuō)他一拿到值錢的東西就離開(kāi)。根據(jù)上文"he
picked
up
something"指拿到值錢的東西。故選B。
(10)考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)及語(yǔ)境理解。A.communicate
with交流;B.depend
on依賴;C.agree
with同意;D.check
on檢查。句意:所以弗里茨在心里記著,他要在出大樓之前檢查一下那個(gè)人。根據(jù)后文"the
man
before
heading
out
of
the
building"可知,他要在出大樓之前檢查一下那個(gè)人是否離開(kāi)了。故選D。
(11)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。記得;停止;看見(jiàn);選擇。句意:上了另一段樓梯,他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女人嚇得動(dòng)彈不得。根據(jù)賓語(yǔ)"a
woman"可知,此處指看到一個(gè)女人。故選C。
(12)考查形容詞及語(yǔ)境理解。生氣的;尷尬的;后悔的;害怕的。句意:上了另一段樓梯,他看見(jiàn)一個(gè)女人嚇得動(dòng)彈不得。根據(jù)后文"to
move"以及too…to…表示"太……以至于不能"可知,女人太害怕了,不敢移動(dòng)。故選D。
(13)考查動(dòng)詞及語(yǔ)境理解。使印象深刻;支持;說(shuō)服;控制。句意:他急忙上前扶她,然后下樓去了。根據(jù)后文"her
and
headed
downstairs"以及上文可知,女人不敢動(dòng),所以上前扶著女人。故選B。
(14)考查副詞及語(yǔ)境理解。以前;頻繁地;最后;秘密地。句意:在他自己出門之前,弗里茨聽(tīng)著他之前見(jiàn)過(guò)的那個(gè)人。根據(jù)上文"the
man
before
heading
out
of
the
building"可知,這里指他之前遇到的那個(gè)男人。故選A。
(15)考查名詞及語(yǔ)境理解。中心;空間;前面;入口。句意:當(dāng)他聽(tīng)到樓下有動(dòng)靜時(shí),他跑回去,把那個(gè)人趕到門口。根據(jù)上文"he
ran
back
and
rush
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