湛江市2023年普通高考測(cè)試（一）英語(yǔ)試題

保密★啟用前湛江市2023年普通高考測(cè)試（一）英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1．答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫(xiě)在答題卡上。2．回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)。回答非選擇題時(shí)，將答案寫(xiě)在答題卡上，寫(xiě)在本試卷上無(wú)效。3．考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AHaveyoueverwishedyoucouldspeakaforeignlanguagewithouttakingclasses?Haveyoueverhadlanguagebarrierswhiletravellingabroad?MeetEnence---aJapanesehigh-techinventionthatallowsyoutocommunicateinmorethan40languages.WhatAreWeTalkingAbout?Enenceisastate-of-the-artJapanesetechnologywhichinstantlyrecordsandtranslatesover40languages,whichmakescommunicationeasyandfast.Youcanuseitwhentravelling,forbusinessmeetingsorwheneveryouwishtosaysomethinginadifferentlanguage.WithEnence,youcaninstantlycommunicateinalmostanyfrequently-usedlanguageintheworld!HowdoesItWork?Enencewasbuiltwithsimplicityinmindsoanyonecanuseit.Althoughitisarmedwiththelatesttechnology,usingthedeviceissupereasy.Allyouneedtodoischoosethelanguageinwhichyouwanttocommunicateandrecordyourwordsorsentences.YoucanevenrecordreallylongsentencesandEnencewilltranslateeverythingperfectly!SomeHardFactsResearchesshowthatover86%oflanguagelearningprogramsareineffectiveanddonotbringthedesiredoutcome.Anotherresearchdonewithstudentstakinglanguagecoursesonlineshowsthat9outof10arenothappywiththeresultsandwishtheyhadn'tspentthemoney!Now,Enenceisheretoenableyoutocommunicatefreelywithouttakinganycourses.BuyItWhileIt'sStillAvailableEnencetranslatorwaspreviouslyusedbygovernmentsandlargecorporationsonly.However,nowEnenceisavailableforthegeneralpublic.Foralimitedtime,onlythisdeviceisavailableforaheavilyreducedpriceof$89(previously$189).Theproducthasbeensellinglikecrazy,sohurryupandorderyourtranslatortoday.1.WhatisEnence?A.Atravelagency.C.Agovernmentplatform.B.Atranslationdevice.D.Alanguagelearningprogram.2.What'sanadvantageofEnence?A.It'seasytouse.B.It'slighttohold.C.Itoffersonlineguidance.D.Itsuseissupportedbythegovernment.3.Whatcanbeconcludedfromthepartof“SomeHardFacts”?A.Onlinelearningisanefficientchoice.B.It'sworthwhiletospendmoneyoneducation.C.Enencesavesnotonlymoneybutalsotrouble.D.OnecanwinachancetogetEnencefreeofcharge.BBythetimeItookKickerhome，Iwaslivinginavan（旅居房車(chē)），sohewasthrownintovanlifefromdayone.Atthispoint,Iknewhowtomakehimanoutgoingandadaptabledog,andmylifewasfarmoreadventurousthanithadbeen...Rightoutofthegate,Itookhimtoskitouring,whichisalotlikecross-countryskiingbutinwilderterrain.Atfirst，Kickerwouldjuststaynestled（依偎）inmyjacket,butashegotstronger,hewouldrunonhisownforalittlewhilebeforeIcarriedhimagain.WealsowentonsomewintercampingadventuresinthehighpeaksoftheUintaMountains,andwetriedsnowkiting.HeranaroundwhileIskied.Helearnedtospeed-flyandkiteboard.Onetimehevomited（嘔吐）alloverthenewcushionsonmybed.Boy,didthatstaysmellyfordays!Still,livinginavanwithadogwasgreat.Witheachnewday,hegotstrongerandmoreindependent.IhaddreamedofvisitingAlaskasinceIwasachild,sobeingabletosharethattripwithKickerfeltincredible.There'ssomethingtobesaidaboutsharedexperiencesandhowtheyhelpdevelopastrongbond.Togetherwekayaked,snowmobiled,andevenendedupexploringdeepblueicecavesinWorthingtonGlacier.KickerlearnedtocomesnowboardingwithmeinthemountainsofAlaska.Hewouldhikepartoftheway,andIwouldcarryhimtherest.IwouldalwayslethimrunnexttomeasIboarded,butIusuallyendedupputtinghimonmyshouldersfortherestoftheridedown-hehadgrownfartoobigtofitinmyjacket.Havingadoghasbeenoneofthemostrewardingthingsinmylife.Forme,it'saboutthetimespenttogetherexploring,sharingexperiences,workingthroughchallengingsituations,snuggling,andultimatelytakingcareofoneanother.4.WhatwasKickerlikewhenhewasfirsttakenhomebytheauthor?A.Sickandpitiful.C.Happyandactive.B.Smallandweak.D.Outgoingandadventurous.5.WhywastheincidentofKicker'svomitingmentionedinparagraph3?A.Toillustratehowhardlifeisinavan.B.ToindicatethatraisingKickerwasnotallroses.C.Toshowtheimportanceoftakinggoodcareofapet.D.Towarnusofthetroubleapetcanbringtousonatrip.6.Whatisparagraph4mainlyabout?A.WhattricksKickerlearnedinAlaska.B.Whatgreatexperiencestheauthorhad.C.Howtheauthorrealizedhischildhooddream.D.HowmuchtheauthorenjoyedKicker'scompany.7.Whatisspecialabouttheauthor'srelationshipwithKicker?A.Theybondthroughsharedadventures.B.Theyhelpeachothertobecomestronger.C.Theybondthroughgivingeachotherrewards.D.Theydependoneachotherinlife'shardesttimes.CSlownesshasbeenasweepingtrendinsustainability.Slowfoodcelebrateslocalproduceandtraditionalcookingmethods;slowfashionismadewithafocusonpeopleandtheplanet.Youmayhaveevenheardoftheslowcity,acampaigntorestorelocalculturesandturncitiesbacktotheirnaturalenvironments.Slowdesigndevelopedfromthelargerslowmovement.Althoughthetermwasonlyrecentlyintroduced,theideaofthoughtfuldesignlooksbacktoatimewhenbuildingsandfurnitureweremadewithgreatcraftsmanship（手藝）andbyhand-beforethemass-producedthrowawayfurnituretookover.Youcanthinkoftheterm“slow”asacelebrationoftimelessness:boththetimelessnessofapieceandthetimelessnessoftherelationshipbetweenthatpieceanditsowner.Oneexampleofslowdesigntodayiswhat'sbeendubbedthebrownfurniturerevival（復(fù)興）.Brownfurniturereferstotheheavywoodenfurnishingsthatwerepopularinyourgrandparents'daybutsuddenlyfelloutofstyleattheturnofthecentury.Brownfurnitureisoftenassociatedwithdarkwoods,suchastreeslikemahogany,walnut,andteak,thattakedecadestoreachmaturityandtruecraftsmanshiptotransformintofunctionalpieces.Today'sfurnitureindustryisdominatedbythe$13.1billion-and-growingglobalready-to-assemble(RTA)furnituremarket.RTAfurnitureisusuallyconstructedfromlow-qualityfiberboard,whichlastsasmallpartoftraditionalfurniture'slifespan（壽命）．Theweightoffurniturelandfilledin2018was9.7milliontons，4.5timeswhatwaslandfilledin1960.Inalessdirectway,theideaoftimelessnessalsolendsitselftoalowerenvironmentalimpact.Besidestheirdemonstratedphysicaldurability,slowmaterialsanddesignaremeanttooutlivetrendsandneverbethrownoutsimplybecausethey'reoutofstyle.Assecond-handshoppingbecomesmoreappealingtotoday'syounggeneration-becauseofitslowenvironmentalimpactandaffordability-thebrownfurnitureofyesteryearismakingacomeback.8.Whyisthefirstparagraphwritten?A.Toexplainanewterm.B.Topresentthetopicofthetext.C.Toprovidebackgroundinformation.D.Tohighlighttheimportanceofslowness.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dubbed”meaninparagraph3?A.Knownas.B.Mistakenfor.C.Comparedto.D.Connectedwith.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutRTAfurniture?A.Itisoutofdate.B.Ithasalonglifespan.C.Itisheavyandexpensive.D.Ithasbadeffectsontheenvironment.11.Whatisgoodnewsforthebrownfurniturerevival?A.Grandparentsarebuyingnewfurniture.B.Thebrownfurniturewillsoonbemass-produced.C.Theyounggenerationfavorssecond-handshopping.D.Materialsforslowdesignfurniturearemoreavailable.DArtandsciencemayseemlikepolaropposites.Oneinvolvesthecreativeflowofideas,andtheothercold,harddata.Infact,thetwohavemuchincommon.Bothrequirealotofcreativity.MarialeHardiman,aneducationspecialistatJohnsHopkinsUniversity,teamedupwithotherJohnsHopkinsresearchersandsixlocalschoolsandresearchedintothis.Thestudyfindsartcanhelpstudentsrememberbetterwhattheylearninscienceclass.Theresearchersworkedwithteachersin16fifth-gradeclassrooms.Theytookthetraditionalsciencelessonsandcreatedart-focusedversionsofthem.Inatraditionalscienceclassroom,forinstance,studentsmightreadaloudfromabook.Intheart-focusedclass,theymightsingorraptheinformationinstead.Anotherexample：Traditionalscienceclassesoftenusechartsandgraphs（圖表）.Theart-focusedclassroomsinsteadhadstudentscreatecollages（拼貼畫(huà)）andothertypesofart.Everyonewouldgetthesameinformation-justlearnitindifferentways.Theteamthenrandomlyassignedeachofthe350studentstoeitheratraditionalscienceclassroomoranart-focusedone.Studentsthenlearnedscienceusingthatapproachfortheentireunit-aboutthreeweeks.Whentheyswitchedtoanewtopic,theyalsochangedtotheothertypeofclass.Everyunitwastaughtbothways,todifferentgroupsofstudents.Beforeandaftereachphaseoftheexperiment,researcherstestedstudentsonhowmuchtheycouldrememberwhattheyhadlearned.Thetestresultindicatedstudentswhostartedoffinregularclassesperformedbetteraftertheymovedintoanart-focusedclass.Butthosewhostartedinanart-focusedclassdidwellevenwhentheyswitchedbacktoaregularscienceclass.Thesestudentsappearedtousesomeofthearttechniquesafterswitchingbacktoatraditionalclass.Somecontinuedtosketchorsingtohelpthemrememberinformation.Researchersandteachersalsofindthere'sabroaderbenefittousingartintheclassroom.Studentsinart-focusedclassesdevelopmorecreativityandlearntocollaborate（協(xié)作）betterskills.12.Whatmethoddoesateacheroftenapplytotraditionalsciencelessons?A.Creatingcollages.B.Usingchartsandgraphs.C.Switchingbetweentopics.D.Singingtheinformationofthetextbook.

13.Whathappenedintheresearch?A.Researchersassignedstudentsdifferentlearningtasks.B.Teacherscoachedstudentsonchoosinglearningstyles.C.Experimentswereconductedamongdifferentagegroups.D.Eachstudenthadbothanart-focusedclassandatraditionalone.14.Howwastheresearchcarriedout?A.Bysortingdata.C.Byanalyzingcauseandeffect.B.Bymakingcomparisons.D.Bytestingsolutionstoaproblem.15.Whichofthefollowingisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ArtHelpsCollaborateSkillsB.ArtandScienceHaveMuchinCommonC.ArtCanMakeScienceEasiertoRememberD.ArtEducationShouldBeTakenMoreSeriously第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿(mǎn)分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Hardscapingreferstonon-organicfeaturesofalandscapesuchaspathways,driveways,walls,steps,andotherhuman-madestructures.ThethreeRs,whicharecommontomanysustainabilityefforts,applytohardscaping:reduce,reuse,andrecycle.16ReduceRunoffYoucanreducerainwaterrunoffbyusingpermeable（可滲透的）materialsthatallowrainwatertogetintothesoilbelow.17Because,tousepermeablematerials,youneedtodigdeepertosetintomultiplelayers（層）ofsand，tinystones，andothermaterialsthatallowrainwatertopermeatewell,usingthemunderatreecandisturborevendestroyrootsthatkeeptreeshealthyandupright.It’salsoagoodideatoslope（傾斜）anyimpermeablesurfacetodirectrainwatertoyourgardentosavefromwateringit.UseRecycledMaterialsConsiderusingmaterialsthatarerecycledfromreclaimed（再生的）concrete，glass，orotherconstructionmaterialsthatmightotherwiseendupinalandfill.18Yourlocallandfillmightsellotherusablematerialsaswell.Recycledwoodcanbeusedtomakebordersbetweendifferentareas.Justmakesureithasn'tbeentreatedwithchemicals,especiallyifyougrowfoodnearby.SupportLocalWildlife19Usingpermeablehardscapemakesthesoilbelowbeneficialtothem,whethertheyareearthworms,ground-nestingbeesandotherbeneficialinsects,importantmicroorganisms,orplantroots.Betweenhardscapedareas,plantnativetreesandflowerstocreatewildlifehabitats.20Withcarefulplanningandaction,youcanenjoytheconveniencebroughtbyhardscapingandatthesametimebeconsideratetotheenvironmentandlocalwildlife.A.Thosematerialsareseeminglyuseless.B.Alltheseareessentialtoahealthyecosystem.C.Theyaren'tsuitableforalllandscapes,however.D.Don'tforgettherearecreatureslivingunderthetopsoil.E.Youcangetsuchthingsfrommanylandscapingsuppliers.F.Rainwaterisanimportantsourceofourundergroundwater.G.Add“supportlocalwildlife”,andyou'rereadyforsustainablehardscaping.第二部分語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。BobbiWilsonisa9-year-oldNewJerseygirl.Shehadrecentlylearnedthatspottedlanternflies21treesbecausetheyfeedonthesap（汁液）foundinleavesandtreetrunks．Soshe22herowninsecticide（殺蟲(chóng)劑）todealwiththespeciesfromarecipeshehad 23 onsocialmedia.BobbiwaswalkingthroughherCaldwell,NewJersey,neighborhood,simply24herinsecticidewhenthepolicecameandtookhertothepolicestation.Itturnedoutthataman25herspraying（噴灑）somethingonthesidewalkandtrees.Thinkingthatshewasa26littlegirlorsomeonewithamentaldisorder,hewas27andcalledthepoliceandtoldthem,“There'salittleblackgirlwalking,sprayingstuffonthesidewalkandtrees...”.Bobbiwasveryconfusedand28abouthavingtomakeatriptothepolicestationbecauseshewasnotonlydoingsomething 29 forourenvironmentbutshewasalsodoingsomethingthatmadeherfeellikea(n)30whenthemancalledthepolice.ThemanapologizedtoBobbiandherfamilyforthe31.32,theincidentdidn'taffectBobbi'sspiritandhasledtosomegreat33forher.Shehasbeen34tothePrincetonPlasmaPhysicsLaboratory.SheandherfamilygotachancetovisitwithagroupofblackfemalescientistsatYaleUniversity.Theyshowedhervariouslabsandeveninvitedherto35lanternflyspecimens（樣本）fortheuniversity.21.A.decorateB.damageC.recognizeD.abandon22.A.createdB.restoredC.purchasedD.exhibited23.A.gotoverB.broughtaboutC.pointedoutD.comeacross24.A.testingoutB.mixingupC.postingD.improving25.A.heardB.suggestedC.spottedD.left26.A.beautifulB.curiousC.hiddenD.lost27.A.excitedB.worriedC.relievedD.stressed28.A.calmB.hopefulC.upsetD.anxious29.A.amazingB.interestingC.disturbingD.annoying30.A.actressB.adultC.strangerD.hero31.A.misguidanceB.misfortuneC.misunderstandingD.mismatching32.A.LuckilyB.ParticularlyC.GenerallyD.Honestly33.A.attitudeB.answersC.wealthD.experiences34.A.sentB.referredC.invitedD.carried35.A.transportB.provideC.tasteD.keep第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿(mǎn)分15分）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Time-honoredbrands（品牌）havebeenthroughadecades-longorevenacenturies-longjourney.Theyeitherserveasa36(remind)ofpeople'soldchildhoodflavors，orrelatetofestivaltraditionsandnostalgic（懷舊的）memories.DatafromtheMinistryofCommerceshowthatChinahas701century-oldbrands.The37(old)one-BeijingBianyifang,famedforitsspecialtyroastduck-38(survive)for607years.Thetotalnumberof39(exist)time-honoredbrands,whicharewell-knownthroughoutthecountryandrecognizedbytheMinistryofCommerce,40(be)1,128,accordingtoShengQiuping,China'svicecommerceminister.TheystandforChina'straditionalcultureandthemajorityofthemownatleastoneintangibleculturalheritage.Itisthetraditionalskillsandcraftsmanship41(pass)fromgenerationtogeneration42maketime-honoredbrandsendurethechangesofthetimes.Whilesomebrandshavesustainedtheirclassicstyleandancientbeauty,othershaveinnovatedtheirproductsandtappedintodigitalplatforms43(win)theheartsofyoungerconsumers.Datashowthatnearly350time-honoredbrandsparticipated44live-streamingplatforms.Live-streamingeventsoftime-honoredbrandsin2022topped50,000,with45combinedbusinessvolumeof3.5billionyuan.Thefigureincreasedoverfivetimescomparedwiththatof2019.第三部分寫(xiě)作（共兩節(jié)，滿(mǎn)分40分）第一節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分15分）假定你是學(xué)生會(huì)主席李華，你校運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)于今日結(jié)束，交換生Jack在運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)上獲得長(zhǎng)跑比賽第一名，請(qǐng)你給他寫(xiě)一封郵件。內(nèi)容包括：1．向他表達(dá)祝賀；2．通知他領(lǐng)獎(jiǎng)品。注意：1．寫(xiě)作詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2．請(qǐng)按如下格式在答題卡的相應(yīng)位置作答。DearJack,Yours,LiHua第二節(jié)（滿(mǎn)分25分）閱讀下面材料，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容和所給段落開(kāi)頭語(yǔ)續(xù)寫(xiě)兩段，使之構(gòu)成一篇完整的短文。ItwasFriday,andIwasatmydaughter'splaceinManhattan.MyhusbandandIhadgoneoutforbreakfastwithmydaughterandson-in-lawandtheirchi