英語語法倒裝句

正常語序：主動句：被動句：狀語主補保留賓語倒裝語序：凡是與上述語序不同的語序，就稱為倒裝。主語→謂語→賓語→賓補主語→謂語→知識點5：倒裝句2021/5/911、全倒裝

（1）表語

介詞短語形容詞副詞+系動詞+主語

Ofwiderapplicationisthefactthatmatterusuallyexpandswhenitstemperatureisincreasedandcontracts（收縮）whenitstemperatureisdecreased.

Ofparticularvaluehasbeentheconstructivecriticism（建設(shè)性的批評意見）ofmanyteachers.

Moreimportantisthefactthatthereverse（反向的）currentincreasesexponentially（指數(shù)地）withtemperature.Hereisanexperiment.2021/5/92（2）狀語

介詞短語副詞there+不及物動詞+主語

1、全倒裝

FromthisconditionfollowsEuler’sequation.Inthiscasethereresultsapotentialdifference（電位差）betweenthetwopoints.Thecenterofmassisthepointthroughwhichpassestheresultant（合力）ofthereactionforces（反作用力）whenabodyisaccelerated（加速）.

Thereremainmanyimportantfeaturesaboutalllasers（激光器）thathaveyettobeaddressed（處理；講解）.

2021/5/93（3）分詞

過去分詞現(xiàn)在分詞+is(are,…)+主語

注：漢譯時可用“what從句”來等效。

1、全倒裝

Movingroundthenucleusarenegativelychargedparticles（微粒）calledelectrons.(=Whataremovingroundthenucleus…)

Surroundingtheearthisalayerofairofunknownthickness（厚度）.

(=Whatsurroundstheearth…)

ShowninFig.1–1istheblockdiagram（方框圖）ofaradiotransmitter（發(fā)射機）.(=WhatisshowninFig.1–1…)

2021/5/94Superimposed（疊加）uponthese

considerations（考慮因素）istheneedtoconserve（保存）energyandmaterialresources.(=Whatissuperimposedontheseconsiderations…)

However,remainingopen（未解決的）isthequestionofwhetherWSI(waferscaleintegration“晶片規(guī)模集成”)

willenjoyatimeinthesun.1、全倒裝

（3）分詞

2021/5/952、部分倒裝

（1）以

only+狀語修飾謂語或整個句子的具有否定詞義的副詞或介詞短語

so=also開頭的句子要部分到裝（其方法與構(gòu)成一般疑問句類同）。

Onlywhentheforceisknownasafunction（函數(shù)）oftime

can

thisintegral（積分）beevaluated（求值）.

Bynomeansdopositivechargesmoveinawire.NotallthestudentsherearefromShannxiProvince.2021/5/96常見的一些否定副詞有：never（永不）,hardly（幾乎不）,scarcely（幾乎不）,rarely（難得，幾乎不）,not

only（不僅）,not

until（直到……后才）,little（一點也不）,seldom（難得，幾乎不）,notalways（不總是），neither,nor等等。

2、部分倒裝

常見的一些否定含意的短語有（一般都可譯成“決不，絕不”）：bynomeans,innoway,atnotime,innocase,on[under]nocondition,undernocircumstances,onnoaccount等。

2021/5/97（2）

被動語態(tài)be+個別形容詞介詞短語there++主語2、部分倒裝

Byafamilyofcurvesismeantaspecifiedsetofcurveswhichsatisfygivenconditions.

InFig.2–1areshownanammeter（安培表）andavoltmeter（伏特表）.

Intotheendsofthehose（軟管）arethrust（插）glasstubes10to12inches（英寸）long.ConsiderfirsttheRCfilter（濾波器）ofFig.2–7

towhichisappliedthesquarewave（方波）

ofperiod（周期）T.2021/5/98Fig.2–5showsablock（木塊）onwhichareexerted（施加）

twoforcesF1andF2.

ThereisshowntheblockdiagramofadigitalcomputerinFig.1–4.

ToeachpointofSlettherebeassigned（賦予）adefinite（確定的）number,n.

Thereispresentamagneticfieldwhichvarieswithtime.2、部分倒裝

Thepurposeofthisarticleistopresentacritical（評論性的）survey（綜述）ofthefieldoflanguagedataprocessing,bywhichismeanttheprocessingofnaturallanguagedatabycomputer.2021/5/99

***中國在任何情況下決不會首先使用核武器（nuclearweapons）。

UndernocircumstanceswillChinabethefirsttousenuclearweapons.2、部分倒裝

2021/5/910（3）把要強調(diào)的部分或較短的部分提前

①

把要強調(diào)的部分放在主語前

A、“賓語→主語→謂語→～”★

Thisprocesswecallautomation.Thispointweshalldiscussindetaillater.2、部分倒裝

B、“狀語[表語等]→主語→動詞→～”

Withpressure（壓力）thegap（間隙）decreases.

Ofonethingwecanbesure:Ifthecharges（電荷）areatrest,thereisnoelectricfield（電場）withinthemetalball.2021/5/911***Said

Dr.SamuelRankin,headofthemathematicalsciencesdepartmentatWorchesterPolytechnicInstitute（工業(yè)學(xué)院）inWorchester,Mass.:“Thefurtheryougooutintothescientificandtechno-logicalfrontiers（新領(lǐng)域）,

especiallyinthekindsofthingsweareseeingtoday,youaregoingtofindmathematics.”2、部分倒裝

Certainitisthatallessential（關(guān)鍵的）processesofplant（植物）growthanddevelopment（發(fā)育）occurinwater.2021/5/912②

把較短的部分提前

A、“主語→謂語→賓語補足語→賓語→～”★

Electromagneticwavesmakepossible

radiobroadcast（廣播）andtelevision.Friction（摩擦）makesnecessaryagoodlubrication（潤滑）system.2、部分倒裝

Wecallinsulators（絕緣體）thesesubstanceswhichpreventthepassageofelectricity.2021/5/913Thatstillleaves（留有）tobeexplored（探索）anareatentimesasgreatasthecontinents（五大洲）oftheearth.Theadvent（出現(xiàn)）oflargescaleintegrationhasnowmadecommonplace（普通的）computerswithinstructionset（指令組）capableofdirectlyaccessing（存取；訪問）andflexibly（靈活地）manipulating（處理）anumberofdifferentdatatypesandsizes.2、部分倒裝

2021/5/914B、“主語→謂語→狀語→賓