常用生物學專業(yè)英語詞匯

常用生物學專業(yè)英語詞匯常用生物學專業(yè)英語詞匯/NUMPAGES33常用生物學專業(yè)英語詞匯常用生物學專業(yè)英語詞匯Aabdomen腹部abdominal腹部的abiotic非生物的abnormal反常的，變態(tài)的abscisic脫落酸abscission脫落absorb吸收(水、熱、光等)absorptionspectrum吸收光譜，吸收譜absorption吸收作用abut連接accelerate加速，加快acceptable可接受的acceptor受體acetate醋酸鹽；醋酸根acetone丙酮acetyl乙酰基acorn橡樹子acquire[o'kwaio)uJ．獲得，取得．a(chǎn)ctin肌動蛋白actinomycinD放線菌素Dactivation活化；激活activationenergy活化能activesite活性中心active主動的；活性的adapt使適應，改編適應adaptin銜接蛋白adaptiveradiation適應輻射adenine腺嘌呤adenosine腺嘌呤核苷adenosyl腺苷的adenovirus腺病毒adheringjunctings粘著連接adhesion粘著；附著adipose脂肪多的adjacent毗鄰的adjust調節(jié)，調整；校正admit讓……進入adolescent青少年adrenal腎上腺的,腎上腺adulthood成年affinity親和；吸引agar瓊脂，洋菜agarose瓊脂糖agency媒介agent劑aggregate聚合體Agrobacteriumtumefaciens根癌農(nóng)桿菌airborne空氣傳播的alanine丙氨酸albino白化體albumin白蛋白，清蛋白aldosterone醛固酮，醛甾酮allcviate減輕；緩和allelc等位基因allele等位基因突變遺傳因子allostericmodification別構修飾allosteric別構的aloft向上Alzheimer’sdisease阿爾茨海默氏病amino氨基的～acid氨基酸aminocyclopropylcarboxylic氨基環(huán)丙烷羧酸aminopeptidase氨基肽酶amnion羊膜amoeboid阿米巴樣的amphibian兩棲動物amphipathic兩親的兩性的amphiploid雙倍體amplify擴增amylase淀粉酶anaerobic厭氧的anal肛門的,臀的analogous機能相似的,同功的analysis分析，分解analyze分析anaphase(細胞分裂的)后期anaphase-promotingcomplex,APC促后期復合物anarogen雄激素anatomy解剖學ancestor祖先ancient古老(的生物)古老的anemia貧血(癥)局部缺血angiosperm被子植物anionic陰離子的antagonistic對抗性的antagonize對抗；中和antennae觸角anterior前的anther花藥anticodon反密碼子antidiuretiC抗利尿的抗利尿anus肛門anus肛門aorta主動脈apex(復)apices頂，頂點apparatus體；器官；裝置appendicitis闌尾炎appendix闌尾appetlte食欲，胃口appreciable可估計的appropriate適當?shù)腶pproximately近似地，大約archaebacteria古細菌archaic古代的arterial動脈的arteriole小動脈artery動脈arthritis關節(jié)炎artificialchromosome人工染色體aspartic天冬氨酸astrocyte星形(神經(jīng)膠質)，細胞asymmetric不對稱的atmosphere大氣層，大氣圈atrium心房autocatalytic自動催化的autonomicneuron自主神經(jīng)元autonomouslyreplicatingsequenceARS自主復制起序列autophagy自噬作用axon軸突axoplasm軸漿Bbacillus桿菌bacteria細菌bacterialartificialchromosome,BAC細菌人工染色體bacteriophage噬菌體bacterium細菌basalcellcarcinoma基層細胞癌base堿基basementmembrane基膜bicarbonate碳酸氫鹽bilateralsymmetry兩側對稱bilayer雙層binal雙重的，兩倍的，孿生的binding結合位點binomial雙名的biochemical生物化學的biogeography生物地理學biology生物學biotechnology生物技術biotic生物的bipedal兩足動物的bipolar雙極的blastocoele囊胚腔blastoderm胚盤blastomere卵裂球blastula囊胚blister水皰，皰bloodpressure血壓blood-clotting凝血boron硼botanist植物學家botanist植物學家boulder巨礫，圓石bounce跳起breeze微風bryophytes苔蘚類植物bud芽buffer緩沖，緩沖劑bulb鱗莖bulky泡狀bumble犯大錯bump碰，撞bundle維管束bunting巫鳥buoyancy浮力buoyant有浮力的butanol丁醇Ccaecilian無足類caffeine咖啡因cambium形成層Cambrian寒武紀cancerous癌的capillarybed毛細血管床capillary毛細血管capsid(病毒)衣殼carbohydrate碳水化合物，糖類carbonate碳酸鹽carboxy羧基carboxylation羧化作用carboxypeptidase羧肽酶carcinogen致癌劑carcinoma癌cardiovascular心血管的carotenoid類胡蘿卜素carotid頸動脈的carpel心皮catalyze催化catecholamine兒茶酚胺cateract白內障cellsecretion細胞分泌cellwall細胞壁cellulose纖維素，植物纖維物質Cenozoic新生代centiped少足類centraldogma中心法則centralvacuole中央液泡centrifuge離心機centriole中心粒centromere著絲粒，著絲點centromericsequenceCEN著絲粒序列cephalization頭部形成cerebellum小腦cerebral大腦的champion擁護者channel通道，管道chemotaxis趨化性chlorine氯，氯氣chlorofluorocarbon含氯氟烴chlorophyll葉綠素chlorophyllase葉綠素酶chloroplast葉綠體chloroquine氯奎choke窒息，噎cholesterol膽固醇chordate脊索動物chorion絨毛膜chromatid染色單體chromatin染色質chromatography層析chromosome染色體chylomicron乳糜小滴chyme食糜chymotripisn糜蛋白酶chysophyte金藻chytrids壺菌cicada蟬ciliated具纖毛的Ciliophora纖毛門circadian全天的circulate循環(huán)，環(huán)流circumstance環(huán)境cis-actingelement

順式作用元件cis-Golginetwork,CGN高爾基內側網(wǎng)絡cistron順反子citric檸檬的clathrin-coatedvesicle披網(wǎng)格蛋白小泡cleavage卵裂，細胞分裂cleave分開clone克隆，無性系clot凝塊cloverleaf三葉草clubfungi珊瑚菌擔子菌(Basidiomycetes)coccus球菌coccyx尾骶骨的尾骨code密碼coelom體腔coenzyme輔酶coexist共存coherent粘著的，連貫的coil卷，盤繞coincidence巧合coleoptile胚芽鞘collagen骨膠原，成膠質collateral側支collenchyma厚角組織commensalisms共棲，共生competitiveinhibitor競爭性抵制劑complementary互補的，補充的concentration濃度connectivetissue結締組織constitutiveenzyme組成酶Constitutivesecretorypathway組成型分泌途徑contaminant沾染物contour輪廓，外形contractile可收縮的contraction收縮convulsion驚厥coolant冷卻劑COPIIcoatedvesiclesCOPII被膜小泡COPIcoatedvesiclesCOPI被膜小泡copulate交配cord索cork皮層，木栓cornea角膜cortex皮質corticosteroid皮質甾類cortisol腎上腺皮質索cotyledon子葉cotyledonary子葉的counterpart副本，復本covalence共價covalentbond共價鍵covalent共價covering覆蓋cranialnerves腦神經(jīng)cranial腦的crawl蠕動creature生物crenate圓齒狀的crest達到頂點cretaceous白堊紀的crevice裂縫crispnsee脆，鮮嫩cristae嵴(拉)crossingover遺傳物質的交換cross-linked交聯(lián)的crustacea浮游甲殼動物crustacean甲殼動物crystalline結晶的culture培養(yǎng)，栽培cushione緩沖緩和cuticle表皮，角質層cutin角質cyanobacteria藍細菌cyclin細胞周期蛋白cyclin-dependentproteinkinases,CDK細胞周期依賴性蛋白激酶cytochrome細胞色素cytokinin細胞分裂素cytomembranesysteme膜系統(tǒng)cytoplasm細胞質cytosine胞嘧啶cytoskeleton細胞骨架cytosol胞液，細胞溶質Ddaughterchromosome子染色體debris碎片decipher破譯decomposer分解者degenerate變性degrade使降解deletion染色體的缺失denaturation變性dendrite樹突deoxyribonucleicacid脫氧核糖核酸deoxyribonucleic脫氧核糖核酸的deoxyribose脫氧核糖deposition沉積作用deprive剝奪deprive奪去derevative衍生物desensitization脫敏現(xiàn)象，減感作用detergent去垢劑deuterostome后口動物development發(fā)育，發(fā)展dextran葡聚糖dialysis透析，滲析diaphragm橫隔膜diastolic心臟舒張的diatom硅藻differentialcentrifugation差速離心differentiation分化diffraction衍射diffusion擴散，滲濾digestivetract消化道dihybrid雙因子雜種dilute稀釋dimensional維，度，元dimer二聚體dioxide二氧化物dip浸，蘸dipeptide二肽diploid二倍體的distort變形，扭曲distortion畸變，變形，失真divergence分歧diversevesicle消化泡diversity多樣性，差異Dockingprotein,DP

停泊蛋白dodecyl十二烷基dominant顯性的，顯性性狀donor供體dormant休眠的dorsal背面的dorsalrootganglion背根神經(jīng)節(jié)dorsal背部的doublehelix雙螺旋duodenum十二指腸duplicate復制dynamic動力學的，動態(tài)的dyneins

動力蛋白dysentery痢疾Eearlobe耳垂earthworm蚯蚓echinoderm棘皮動物ecological生態(tài)學的ecosystem生態(tài)系統(tǒng)ectoderm外胚層ectotherm冷血動物edoplasmicreticulum內質網(wǎng)effector效應器efferent傳出的egg蛋，卵egg-layingmammals卵生哺乳動物egret白鷺，冠毛eject排斥，逐出elaborate精細制作的，復雜的elasticconnectivetissue彈力結締組織elastin彈性蛋白electron電子electrophoresis電泳embryo胚，胚胎embryogenesis胚胎發(fā)生embryology胚胎學embryonic胚胎的emulsion乳狀液encephalitis腦炎encode編碼endocrine內分泌endocytic細胞內吞作用endocytosis胞吞作用endoderm內胚層endomembranesystems內膜系統(tǒng)endoplasmic內質的endoplasmicreticulum內質網(wǎng)endosome內體endosperm胚乳endosymbiosis內共生endothelial內皮的endotherm熱血動物enucleate去….的核envelope包膜，包被enzyme酶ependyma室管膜epinasty偏上性epinephrine腎上腺素epiphyte附生植物epithelial上皮的epithelium上皮ergotism麥角中毒ERretentionsignal內質網(wǎng)駐留信號erythrocyte紅細胞，紅血球esophagus大腸桿菌estrogen雌激素ethical倫理的，道德的ethology個體生態(tài)學ethyl乙基ethylene乙烯eubacteria真細菌euchromatin常染色質eugenic優(yōu)生學的euglenophyte裸藻eukaryotic真核生物的evolution進化，進展excitation興奮，激動excitedstate激發(fā)態(tài)exclude排斥，排除在外excrete排泄excretory排泄器官exergonic放能的exocrine外分泌的exocytosis胞吐作用exogenous外生的，外源的exonexotron外顯子exoskeleton外骨骼exportin輸出蛋白external外部的extinction滅絕extracellular細胞外的extractv.抽提extraembryonic胚胎外的extrafloral花外的extrinsic外部的，外表的Ffacilitate促進facilitatedtransport易化運輸，促進運輸fat脂肪feedback反饋fermentation發(fā)酵ferredoxin鐵氧化還原蛋白fertilization受精，施肥fibroblast成纖維細胞filament花絲，絲狀物filtration過濾作用fin鰭finch雀科鳴禽類fine-tune微調fingerprinting指紋印fission分裂生殖flagellated具鞭毛的fluff絨毛fluidity流動性foraminiferan有孔蟲forearm前臂foreleg前足fossil化石的frequency頻率，次數(shù)fruitfly果蠅function功能，作用fungi真菌fur軟毛fusion融合，融合體Ggalactose半乳糖galactosidase半乳糖苷酶galactoside半乳糖苷gall癭，五倍子gallbladder膽囊gametangia配囊gamete配子gametogenesis配子發(fā)生gametophyte配子體ganglion神經(jīng)節(jié)gapjunctions間隙連接gasatropod腹足類gaseous氣體的，氣態(tài)的gastrin促胃液素gastrointestinal胃腸的gastrula原腸胚gastrulation原腸形成gel凝膠geneexpression基因表達geneflow基因流動genetampering基因損傷genetherapy基因（治）療法gene基因generalization概括generation代，世代，生殖generativenucleus生殖核generative生殖的genetic遺傳學的geneticcode遺傳密碼geneticdrift遺傳漂變geneticengineering遺傳工程geneticist遺傳學家genital生殖的genome基因組genotype基因型genus屬，類geotaxis趨地性germlayer胚層germ微生物，細菌，病菌germinate發(fā)芽，使發(fā)芽gibberellin赤霉素gill鰓ginkgos銀杏girdle帶girth圍繞given特定的，假設的glacial冰的gland腺glide滑動globular球狀的globule小球glucagons胰高血糖素glucose葡萄糖glue膠glycogen糖原glycol乙二醇glycolipid糖脂glycolysis糖酵解作用glycoprotein糖蛋白Golgibody高爾基體Golgicomplex高爾基復合體gonad性腺，生殖腺gonadotropin促性腺激素gradient梯度，陡度Gramstain革蘭氏染液gram-negative革蘭氏陰性gram-positive革蘭氏陽性gravitational地心吸力的gravitropic向地性的graymatter灰質guanine鳥嘌呤gullet口腔(胞咽)gut腸，內臟gymnomyccte裸細菌gymnosperm裸子植物Hhabitat自然繁殖地hagfish八目鰻hallmark標志，特點hallucinate使產(chǎn)生幻覺halophyte鹽土植物haploid單倍體hardy-weinbergformula哈代-維伯格公式hare野兔Haversiancanal哈氏管helical螺旋形的heliozoan太陽蟲helix螺旋hemicellulose半纖維素hemoglobin血紅蛋白hemorrhage出血hemorrhoid痔hepatic肝臟的hereditary遺傳hereditary遺傳的heritable可遺傳的heritable可遺傳的，被遺傳的hermaphrodite雌雄同體heron蒼鷺herpes泡疹heterochromatin異染色質heterocyst異形囊胞heterokaryon異核體，混核體heterotherm變溫動物heterotrophic異養(yǎng)的heterozygote雜合體heterozygous雜合的hexose已糖hierarchy等級hillock丘hindlimb后肢hinge隨….而定histamine組織胺histocompatibility組織相容性histone組蛋白homeostasis體內穩(wěn)態(tài)Homo人(學名)homogenizer勻漿器homologous同源的homozygote純合體homozygous純合的hormone激素horrify使恐怖horticulture園藝學hybrid雜種hybridization雜交hybridize雜交hydra水螅hydrochloric鹽酸hydrophilic親水的hydrophobic疏水的hypertonic高滲的hyphae菌絲hypocotyl下胚軸hypothalamus下丘腦hypothesis假設hypotonic低滲的Iicosahedral二十面體的identical完全相同的，同一的immune免疫的immunoglobulin免疫球蛋白immunology免疫學imperfectfungi半知菌importin輸入蛋白impulse沖動，刺激indole吲哚induce誘導induced-fitmodel誘導契合模式inducer誘導物inducibleenzyme誘導酶infect傳染，感染inflammation炎癥inflate充氣，膨脹infrared紅外線inherent天然的，固有的inheritance遺傳initiator超始密碼子，起始區(qū)innard內臟內部結構inner內部的，內部，里面innervate使神經(jīng)分布，使神經(jīng)支配instruction指令，信息insulation絕緣insulin胰島素integrate整合integrity完整，完全integument珠被interbreed種間雜交intercalateddisk閏盤interconversion相互轉化interior內部的interleukin白細胞intermediate中間的，中間產(chǎn)物Intermediate

filaments,IFs中間纖維internal內部的，體內的internalsignalsequence起始轉移信號interneuron中間神經(jīng)元internode節(jié)間interphase分裂間期interstitial組織間的，間質的intertidal潮間的intertwine纏結的interval間隔intervene間插intestine腸intracellular細胞內的intricate復雜的，錯綜的intrinsic內部的，內在的intron內含子（基因內區(qū)）involuntary不隨意的iodine碘ion離子ionize電離irradiation照光，輻照irreversible不可逆的irritate使發(fā)炎，使疼痛islet胰島，小島isodiametric等徑的isolation分離isotonic等滲的Jjanitorial看門的jawless無頜的jejunum空腸jelly漿，結冰jellyfish水母joint關節(jié)juice體液juvenile幼態(tài)的青少年的Kkaryotype核型，染色體組型keel龍骨keratin角蛋白kidney腎kinesins驅動蛋白kinesis運動kinetochore(細胞分裂中)動粒kingdom界Llabor分娩生產(chǎn)laboriously艱難地lactate乳酸鹽lactation分泌乳汁lactose乳糖lacuna腔隙Lamina核纖層lamprey七鰓鰻lancelet文昌魚larva幼蟲，幼體larval幼蟲的，幼體的larynx喉lateral側面的，橫向的latitude緯度lay產(chǎn)卵lecithin卵磷脂lesion損害損毀病變病灶病斑病痕lichen地衣ligament韌帶ligases連接酶light-compass光羅盤lignified木化的lignin木質素，木素limb肢limitingfactor限止因子lineage系譜血統(tǒng)linkage連鎖lipase脂酶lipoprotein脂蛋白livingthing生物longitude經(jīng)度luciferase熒光素酶lumber木材lumen腔luminescence生物發(fā)光lump把….歸并在一起lung肺lutinizing產(chǎn)生黃體的lymph淋巴lymphokine淋巴細胞激活素lympocyte淋巴細胞lysine賴氨酸lysis溶解lysis細胞溶解lysosome溶酶體lysozyme溶菌酶lytic裂解的Mmacroevolution大進化macromolecule大分子macronutrient大量營養(yǎng)元素macrophage巨噬細胞magnesium鎂magnitude大小，數(shù)量maintenance保持，維持majorhistocompatibilitycomplesmakeup組成，構造malformed畸形的malic蘋果酸malignant惡性的malpighiantubule馬氏管Malthus馬爾薩斯mammal哺乳動物manganese錳mantle外套膜marrow髓，骨髓matrix基質maturationpromotingfactor，MPF成熟促進因子maximize最大化mechanism機制mechanoreceptor機械感受器medullaoblobgata延髓medulla髓質medusa水母型megagametophyte雌配子體megasporangium大孢子囊megaspore大孢子meiosis減數(shù)分裂membrane-boundorganelles膜細胞器MembraneTrafficking膜運輸menstrual每月一次的，月經(jīng)的mental精神的，智力的meristematic分生組織的mesoderm中胚層mesoglea中膠層mesophyll葉肉Mesozoic中生代messengerRNA信使RNAmetabolism新陳代謝metaphase細胞分裂的中期metaporphosis變態(tài)methionine蛋氨酸，甲硫氨酸methstasis轉移，移動mevalonic甲瓦龍酸micelle微團microbe微生物，細菌microcallus微愈傷組織microevolution小進化microfilament微絲microglia小神經(jīng)膠質細胞micron微米microorganism微生物microplast微原生質體micropyle球孔，卵孔microscope顯微鏡microsporangium小孢子囊microtube微管microtubule微管Microtubuleorganizingcenters,MTOC微管組織中心microvilli微絨毛miniature微小的minimize使減到最少，使命縮到最小minority少數(shù)mishap災禍mispair錯配mistletoe槲寄生mitochondrion線粒體mitosis有絲分裂mitotic有絲分裂的mitoticapparatus紡錘體又稱為有絲分裂器mixture混合物modification修飾，修改molecularbiology分子生物學molecularweight分子量mollusk軟體動物molt蛻皮molybdenum鉬Monera無核微生物目monitor監(jiān)視器，檢測monocot單子葉植物monohybrid單基因雜種monomer單體monosaccharide單糖morels羊肚菌morphogenesis形態(tài)建成，形態(tài)發(fā)生morphology形態(tài)學mortality死亡率mortar研缽，灰漿mosaic花葉病，鑲嵌的mucin粘蛋白mucosa粘膜mucus粘液multicellularity多細胞性multipolar多極的multi-ring多環(huán)muscular肌肉的mutant突變體，突變型mutate突變mutation突變，變種mutualism互惠共生現(xiàn)象mutualist依生生物mutualistic互惠共生的mycelium菌絲體mycorrhizal菌根真菌myelin髓磷脂myelinated有髓鞘的myxomycote粘細菌Nnanometer毫微米，納米natality出生率naturalselection自然選擇nematocyst刺絲囊nematode線蟲類的nephridium(pl.nephridia)腎管原腎nervecord神經(jīng)索nerve神經(jīng)nervous神經(jīng)的neurilemma神經(jīng)膜neuroglia神經(jīng)膠質細胞neuroglial神經(jīng)膠質細胞的neuron神經(jīng)元neurotransmitter神經(jīng)遞質neutral中性的neutralize中和nickel鎳nicotinamide煙酰胺ninhydrin水合茚三酮Nisslbody尼氏體nitrate硝酸鹽nitric硝酸nitrogen氮N-linkedglycosylationN-連接糖基化nodesofRanvier郎飛氏節(jié)nomenclature命名法，術語noncoding非編碼的noncyclic非環(huán)式的nonexistent不存在的nonsisterchromatid非姐妹染色單體nonvascular無維管束的norepinephrine去甲腎上腺素normality正常狀態(tài)nostril鼻孔notochord脊索Nuclearenvelope

核膜nuclearexportsignals,NES核輸出信號nuclearlocalization

signals,NLS核定位信號nuclearporecomplex

核孔復合體nucleic核酸nucleolarorganizing

region,(NOR)核仁組織區(qū)nucleolus（復數(shù)nucleoli）核仁nucleoplasm核基質nucleoprotein核蛋白nucleosome核小體核粒nucleotide核苷酸nucleus細胞核Oobesity肥胖的obigate專性的octagon八角形物體oligochaete寡毛類oligodendrocyte少突膠質細胞oligomer寡聚體，低聚體oligosaccharide寡糖omnivora雜食動物oncogene癌基因ontogenetic個體發(fā)生的oocyte卵母細胞oogonium卵原細胞oomycetes卵菌水霉(watermolds)operator操縱基因operculum鰓蓋operon操縱子optimal最適宜的，最理想的oral口的，口頭的order秩序，順序，級，階，目ordinary普通的，平常的organelle細胞器，類器官organism生物體，有機體organize使成有機體organizer形成體organogenesis器官發(fā)生orientation定方位orthograde順行的osmosis滲透，滲透作用osmotic滲透的osseous骨的ossify骨化osteocyte骨細胞outcrossing異型雜交outdo勝過，超越outer外部的，外側的outlay支出，消耗outnumber在數(shù)量上超過output輸出ovary子房，卵巢overcast多云的overlap重迭，交搭overlie壓在…..的上面ovule胚珠，小卵ovum卵oxaloacetic草酰乙酸oxidative氧化的oxygenase加氧酶ozone自氧Ppacemaker起搏器Paleozoic古生代(的)pancreas胰臟pancreatic胰的papovavirus乳多孔病毒paralyze使癱瘓parasite寄生物，寄生菌parasitic寄生的parasitism寄生現(xiàn)象parasympathetic副交感的parathyroid甲狀旁腺的parenchyma薄壁組織parent親本，母體parentage家系，來源parental親本的，父母的partition分配paternal父方的父系的paternity父系血統(tǒng)的pathogenic病理的pectin果膠pectoral胸部的pelvic骨盆部位的pelvicfin腹鰭pelvicgirdle腰帶pelvic骨盆的penetrate透過，穿過penguin企鵝pepsin胃蛋白酶pepsinogen胃蛋白酶原peptic胃的，助消化的peptide肽，縮氨酸peptidoglycan肽聚糖perception感覺，感受perch棲木，鱸魚perennial多年生的perforation穿孔perforin穿孔蛋白periderm周皮perikaryon核周體，細胞體peripheralnervesystem周圍神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)periphery邊緣，外圍permease通透酶permissive容許的，隨意的perpetual四季開花的，永恒的perspiration排汗，汗petal花瓣petiole葉柄Petridish培養(yǎng)皿phagocyte巨噬細胞Phagocytosis吞噬作用phagocytize吞噬pharmacological藥物學的，藥理學的pharynx咽喉phase相，階段，狀態(tài)phenomena現(xiàn)象phenotype表現(xiàn)型，表型phloem韌皮部phosphate磷酸鹽phosphoenolpyruvic磷酸烯醇式丙酮酸phosphoglyceraldehyde磷酸甘油醛phosphoglyceric磷酸甘油的phosphorylation磷酸化photochemical光化學的photolysis光解photosynthetic光合作用的photosystem光系統(tǒng)phototaxis趨光性phototropic向光性的phyla門(分類學)phyotosynthesis光合作用physiology生理學pinocytosis胞飲作用pinpoint確認為…精確定位指出pinworm蟯蟲pistil雌蕊pituitarygland垂體，腦下腺pituitary腦垂體pivotal中樞的，關鍵的placenta胎盤placentalmammals胎盤類哺乳動物placoderm盾皮魚planetarium天象儀plankton浮游生物plant植物，作物，栽培plantation栽植場planulas浮浪幼蟲plasmamembrane質膜，細胞膜plasma原生質，淋巴液plasmid質粒plasmolyze質壁分離plastid質體plastocyanin質體菁，質體藍素plastoquinone質體醌pliable能適應的，柔韌的plot繪制….的圖pneumonia肺炎poke觸，碰，捅polar地極的，極性的pollen花粉pollinate傳粉，授粉pollination傳粉pollinator授粉器pollinium花粉團polyaccrylamida聚丙烯酰胺polychaete多毛類polycistronic多順反子的polyethylene聚乙烯polyhedral多角形的polymer聚合物，聚合體polymerases多聚酶聚合酶polymorphism多態(tài)性polyp水螅型polypeptide多肽polysaecharide多糖polystyrene聚苯乙烯polytene多線染色體的polyubiquitination多遍在蛋白化作用pop出現(xiàn)，發(fā)生population群體，種群pore毛孔porous多孔的，有氣孔的，能滲透的porpoise海豚portal肝門靜脈的possession有，擁有posterior后的potassium鉀pouch囊pouchmammals有袋類哺乳動物precursor前體predation掠奪性predator食肉者predatory食肉的predominant占優(yōu)勢的，主要的pregnancy懷孕，情胎prehistoric史前的prehormone前激素prenatal胎兒期的出生前的preparation制備prepare配制，準備pre-proinsulin前胰島素原prevailing普遍的，占優(yōu)勢的primarygrowth初生生長primary一級的，主要的primate靈長目primitive原始的事物primordia原基prion朊病毒probe探索，探針proboscis昆蟲的喙，長鼻procedure步驟procure獲取product產(chǎn)物profound深刻的，極度的progesterone孕酮proglottis節(jié)片prohormone激素原proinsulin胰島素原prokaryote原核生物prolactin催乳激素proliferation增殖prolong延長prometaphase前中期promoter啟動子promote促進propagation繁殖，傳播propellant推進劑prophase前期proportion比，比率，比例，部分propulsion推進prospect展望prosthetic輔基protease蛋白酶protein蛋白質，朊ProteinSorting蛋白質分選Proterozoic元古代protistan原生生物proto-oncogene原癌基因protoplast原生質體protostome原口動物protozoan原生動物provirus原病毒pseudopod偽足pseudounipolar假單極的pterosaurs翼手龍puberty青春期pulmonary肺的pulsatile脈動的，跳動的pulse脈搏，脈沖pupal蛹的purification純化，提純purine嘌呤pyloric幽門的pyrimidine嘧啶pyrrhophyte紅藻pyruvate丙酮酸Qqantum量子quantitative數(shù)量的，定量的quaternary四級的，第四的，四價的Rrabies狂犬病radialsymmetry輻射對稱radiation輻射，放射radioactive放射性的radiolarian放射蟲reactant反應物rearrangement重排rebulose二磷酸核酮糖receptor受體，感受器receptor-mediatedendocytosis受體介導的胞吞作用recessive隱性的recipient受體recognize識別，認識recombinant重組reconstruct重建rectum直腸recycle再循環(huán)redox氧化還原作用reducingpower還原力reeptacle花托Regulatedsecretorypathway調節(jié)型分泌途徑regulation調節(jié)機制regulatorgene調節(jié)基因regulator調節(jié)劑regulatoryenzyme調節(jié)酶regurgitate反芻，回流replication復制repressor阻遏物，陰抑物resin樹脂respiration呼吸作用respond響應，有反應resting休眠restoration恢復restrictionfragmentlengthpolymorphoral限制性片段長度多態(tài)性(RFLP)restriction限制retardation阻滯，延緩reticulu網(wǎng)狀結構retina視網(wǎng)膜retinoblastoma成視網(wǎng)膜細胞瘤retrograde逆行的returnto回復，恢復ribonucleic核糖核酸ribose核糖ribosomalRNA核糖體RNAribosome核糖體ringworm癬rip裂口，裂縫rodent嚙齒動物嚙齒類動物root根，地下莖rosette蓮座叢rotation輪作rotational旋轉的rotifer輪形動物roughendoplasmicreticulum粗面內質網(wǎng)roughage纖維素食物，粗糧roundworm圓形動物線蟲Ssacfungi子囊菌sac囊，液囊sage鼠尾草屬salamander蠑螈火蜥蜴saliva唾液salmon鮭魚，大麻哈魚saltbush浜藜saltfilled充鹽的salt-free無鹽的sapiens類似現(xiàn)代人的saprobes腐生生物Sarcodina肉足門sarcoma肉瘤sarcomere肌小節(jié)，肌原纖維節(jié)scavenger食腐動物清除劑Schwanncells施旺細胞Sclerenchyma厚壁組織secondarygrowth次生生長secretion分泌secretory分泌的sedimentation沉降segmentation分節(jié)segregate使分離,分開,分離segregation分離selenium硒self自花授精,近親繁殖self-pollination自花授粉semen精液semiconserevative半保留的semipermeable半滲透semi-solid半固體senescence衰老sense感覺,感官sepal萼片setae剛毛sexual性的，有性的sheath鞘，莢膜sheathed具鞘的shock沖擊，休克shoot地上部，芽枝shuffle改組sickle-cell鐮狀細胞signalpatch信號斑signalrecognitionparticleSRP信號識別顆粒silicon硅simultaneously同時發(fā)生single-lens單透鏡sire生殖（指雄性而言）skeleton骨骼skew斜的斜視的skull頭骨slab板塊slime粘液smoothendoplasmicreticulum滑面內質網(wǎng)smoothmuscle平滑肌sodiumdodecylsulfate十二烷基硫酸鈉solubility溶解度，可溶性soluble可溶的somatic體細胞的somatotropin促生長素生長激素sonication超聲處理sophisticated尖端的，高級的specimen標本sperm精子，精液spermatocyte精母細胞spermatogonium精原細胞spermatozoon精子sphincter括約肌spinalcord脊髓spinalnerves脊神經(jīng)spinal脊髓的spindle紡錘體spiral螺旋的splice剪接sponge海綿動物spontaneous自發(fā)的sporadically單個發(fā)生，偶爾發(fā)生sporangium孢子囊sporophyll孢子葉squamate有鱗類squamous扁平的squid槍烏賊魷魚squirrel松鼠squirt噴出stabilize穩(wěn)定stack堆，許多stalk主莖，軸，花梗，葉柄stamen雄蕊starch淀粉statistical統(tǒng)計的，統(tǒng)計學的sterile消毒的，不生育的sterilize消毒，滅菌sternum胸骨steroid類固醇stiff硬的，挺的stigma柱頭stimulation刺激作用stimulus刺激stomata氣孔stop-transferpeptide終止轉移序列strain品系，菌株strand鏈，股strap-shaped舌形的streamlined現(xiàn)代化了的，流線型的strep鏈球菌strobilus球果，孢子葉球stroke中風stroma間質structuralgene結構基因style花柱subcellular亞細胞的subdivision再分，細分subdue征服suberin木栓層subportoplast亞原生質體subscience次級科學substance物質substrate底物，基質subunit亞基，亞單位suckle哺乳sulfur硫，用硫處理supercoil超螺旋supernatant上清液suppressor抑制者surgery外科手術susceptible敏感的swollen膨脹的，腫起的symbiosis共生現(xiàn)象symmertry對稱性sympatheti