PIC種豬飼養(yǎng)管理技術(shù)

PIC種豬飼養(yǎng)管理技術(shù)演示文稿目前一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)康貝爾母豬在中國(guó)的生產(chǎn)性能CamboroughPerformanceInChinaSource:StatisticalfromJan.02toJan.03目前二頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)PIC的產(chǎn)品目前三頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)PIC的產(chǎn)品目前四頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)簡(jiǎn)述后備母豬的培養(yǎng)最大程度蛋白質(zhì)的沉積Maximizeproteingrowth控制體重的過(guò)快增長(zhǎng)Controlledweightgain達(dá)到合適的種用體況Achievebodytissuetargets妊娠期Gestation各階段的飼喂評(píng)定Criticalstagesoffeeding胚胎的生長(zhǎng)Tissuegain(restoration)哺乳期Lactation盡可能地多采食MaximizeIntake盡量減少失重Minimizetissueloss目前五頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)后備母豬的培養(yǎng)GiltDevelopment-營(yíng)養(yǎng)需要NutritionalRequirements營(yíng)養(yǎng)Nutrition保育–育成Nursery-Grower保持最快速度的生長(zhǎng)Maximizeleantissuegrowthrate育肥FinisherMaximizeleantissuegrowthrate;however,don’tmaximizethroughput飼料配方比屠宰豬的能量低一點(diǎn)Lowerenergydietsthancommercial蛋白能量比與屠宰豬相近Sameaminoacidtoenergyratiosascommercialdiets有效磷含量0.35%.35availablephosphorus添加復(fù)合維生素B及鉻AddedBvitamins,choline,andchromium目前六頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023PIC康貝爾后備母豬的培養(yǎng)建議

GiltDevelopmentPICC22Recommendations

生長(zhǎng)豬(25-65kg)

Growinggilts(From25to65Kg)

飼喂與營(yíng)養(yǎng)FeedingandNutrition自由采食Giltsshouldbefedonad-libitumbasis(freeaccesstofeed)飼料配方與生長(zhǎng)豬相近Dietscouldbesimilartogrowerpigs清潔的飲水Availabilityofcleanwateratalltimes.15頭豬至少有一個(gè)飲水器Onenippleper15pigsmore圈舍與環(huán)境Housingandenvironment后備母豬的欄位與育肥舍相近Giltsshouldbehousedinpens,similartofinisher飼養(yǎng)密度與育肥舍相近Spaceallowancesshouldbesimilarascommercial(7–8sqft)室溫適中Temperatureshouldbeinthethermo-neutralrangebetween(18-23C).保證足夠的通風(fēng)Provideadequateventilation目前七頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023

隔離馴化期60-120kgsolationandAcclimation60Kg-120KgThisimportantprocessshouldcontinuesinthisperiod.圈舍Housing種豬應(yīng)合理分群飼養(yǎng)Giltsshouldbehousedpreferablyinpens每天飼喂2-3次，保證能夠采食到足夠量的飼料，但也避免浪費(fèi)Ifinstalls,fullfeedtoavoidwastageandimproveintakefeed2or3times/day每頭種豬的飼養(yǎng)空間至少應(yīng)為屠宰豬的1.5倍Spaceallowancesinpensshouldbeofminimum150%ofcommercialproduction每欄飼養(yǎng)12頭左右，最多不超過(guò)18-20頭Groupsizeshouldbe12withmaximumof18-20gilts/pen公豬刺激其性成熟，控制其生長(zhǎng)速度BoarExposuretoslowgrowthandtostimulateestrus日增重為680gGoalADG680grPIC康貝爾后備母豬的培養(yǎng)建議

GiltDevelopmentPICC22Recommendations目前八頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023“清潔的環(huán)境，干燥的地板，良好的通風(fēng)，適宜的溫度Environmentshouldbeclean,withdryflooring,wellventilatedwithadequatetemperature”溫度的重要性Temperatureinthermoneutralzoneforgilts,(18-23C)過(guò)高或過(guò)低的溫度都會(huì)影響種豬的性成熟過(guò)高的溫度還會(huì)影響種豬的采食量過(guò)低的溫度需要消耗額外的飼料來(lái)維持體能光照(對(duì)種豬有影響但還未得到證實(shí))Lighting(effectnotclearlydemonstrated)每天應(yīng)提供給種豬12-16小時(shí)的光照空氣質(zhì)量Airquality如果ThedevelopmentofgiltsinclosedbarnsimposestheneedforsystemsthatprovideadequateventilationandairqualityProvidewithfreshairwhiletargettemperatureandrelativehumidityaremaintained.Recommendedventilationratesingilts:(CFM/head)Cold(0.34);Moderate(1.13);Hot(4.25)

PIC康貝爾后備母豬的培養(yǎng)建議GiltDevelopmentPICC22Recommendations目前九頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023“清潔的環(huán)境，干燥的地板，良好的通風(fēng)，適宜的溫度Environmentshouldbeclean,withdryflooring,wellventilatedwithadequatetemperature”空氣質(zhì)量Airquality如果是封閉式的豬舍，應(yīng)該保證良好的通風(fēng)以提高空氣質(zhì)量Thedevelopmentofgiltsinclosedbarnsimposestheneedforsystemsthatprovideadequateventilationandairquality在保證溫度和濕度適宜的前提下，保持空氣新鮮Providewithfreshairwhiletargettemperatureandrelativehumidityaremaintained.推薦的種豬豬舍空氣流通量Recommendedventilationratesingilts:(CFM/head)冷Cold(0.34);適中Moderate(1.13);熱Hot(4.25)

PIC康貝爾后備母豬的培養(yǎng)建議GiltDevelopmentPICC22Recommendations目前十頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)Kg/dayPIC康貝爾種豬從被選作種用到第一次斷奶間的采食量FeedingLevelforPICC22GiltsFromSelectionThroughFirstWeaningAdLib*Tocondition2.2–2.5**2.3-2.7Adlib被選作種用Selection配后100天Day100產(chǎn)仔前Pre-farrow

哺乳L(zhǎng)actation再配Service初配Service斷奶WeanToappetiteGestation130KgP216-18mmP216-18mmP218-20mm* Feedleveldependsondeliveryweight.Ex:220lbs(AdLib);250lbs(5.0lbs/d).** Promotegrowthbutdon’tletgettoofat.P2endpoint,18-20mm.2.2Adlibfor7dLactationGestationIsolation&Acclimatation7>目前十一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)初配體重及P2背膘厚度對(duì)母豬5胎內(nèi)生產(chǎn)性能的關(guān)系初配體重LbsKg初配P2背膘厚度,mm產(chǎn)活仔總數(shù)25711714.655.627712515.861.430013617.762.332114320.064.634515622.460.636516625.359.3(Challinoretal.,1996)目前十二頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)妊娠期的飼養(yǎng)GestationFeedingtoCondition目標(biāo)Targets妊娠期的增重PregnancyWeightGain后備母豬34公斤Gilts–75pounds(34kg)第二胎母豬25公斤P2’s–55pounds(25kg)三胎及三胎以上的35-45公斤P3>35-45pounds(18kg)產(chǎn)仔時(shí)的背膘Backfatatfarrowing最小為1616minimum目標(biāo)為18-2018-20target最大為2222maximum目前十三頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)

妊娠期飼養(yǎng) <121 7.5lbs3.75kg/d12-162 6.0lbs2.7kg/d 16-183 4.8lbs2.4kg/d妊娠后期

90天 6.0lbs2.7kg/dFeedtocondidtion妊娠5-50天的飼喂水平以一頭180kg的母豬為例Day5-50ofPregnancyFeedLevel:180Kg

sow

背膘

體況評(píng)分日采食量目前十四頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)12345最適宜的3.0–3.5至少2.0平均背膘厚度:mm <10 11-15 16-18 19-22 22+妊娠豬的體況評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

目前十五頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)妊娠豬的體況評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)目前十六頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)妊娠期的飼養(yǎng)GestationFeeding飼喂程序Feedingprogramimplementation每天飼喂一次或兩次Onceversustwiceadayfeeding據(jù)飼喂結(jié)果的差異性及各農(nóng)場(chǎng)的實(shí)際情況保證足量的清潔飲水CleanWaterneedstobeavailable母豬日飲水量為19公升，在夏天則需要22-30公升目前十七頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)妊娠期的飼喂?fàn)I養(yǎng)要求營(yíng)養(yǎng)需求賴(lài)氨酸Lysine后備母豬0.65%gilts經(jīng)產(chǎn)母豬0.60%herd能量Energy1465Kcal/lb鈣磷比Ca/P0.90%鈣;0.42%有效磷粗纖維Fiber4–5%添加量added原料取決于價(jià)格和實(shí)用性Sourcedependentoncost/availability目前十八頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023妊娠期圈舍及環(huán)境要求Gestation

(HousingandEnvironment)需要考慮到圈舍及環(huán)境因素Housing&EnvironmentConsiderations定位欄飼養(yǎng)優(yōu)于群體飼養(yǎng)如可能，定位欄飼養(yǎng)妊娠舍欄位應(yīng)保證清潔干燥適宜的溫度應(yīng)為(18-23C).最低溫度為14C.如果使用滴水等降溫系統(tǒng)，最高溫度不超過(guò)23-26C在早期妊娠階段，過(guò)高的溫度(30C+)會(huì)導(dǎo)致初配母豬的胚胎死亡空氣質(zhì)量:

濕度 50%-80% 一氧化碳 <50ppm 氨氣 <25ppm 通風(fēng),CFM(Cold12,Temperate40,Hot150)目前十九頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)哺乳期飼養(yǎng)–飼喂程序的執(zhí)行重點(diǎn)Keys根據(jù)農(nóng)場(chǎng)實(shí)際情況Systemdependent盡可能地多采食Don’tletprogramminimizefeedintake每天多次飼喂Feedmultipletimes/day制作飼料消耗卡FeedCards優(yōu)點(diǎn)遵循固定的程序Followsspecificpattern及時(shí)知道母豬采食狀況Knowwhensowsareofffeed缺點(diǎn)費(fèi)時(shí)Takestime記錄的準(zhǔn)確性？Recordingaccuracyquestionable目前二十頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)哺乳期飼養(yǎng)–飼喂程序的執(zhí)行一貫的飼喂方式FeedingMethodsContinued務(wù)必保證飼槽里的飼料干凈新鮮Keepclean/freshfeedinfeederatalltimes每天清理飼槽Cleanfeedersdaily必要時(shí)除去被污染的飼料Removespoiledfeedasneeded目前二十一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)哺乳期的飼養(yǎng)管理窩產(chǎn)仔數(shù)1-7天8-14天14-19天99.8(4.5Kg)12.5(5.7Kg)13.8(6.3Kg)1010.6(4.8Kg)13.4(6.1Kg)14.9(6.8Kg)1111.3(5.1Kg)14.4(6.5Kg)16.2(7.4Kg)哺乳期間飼料消耗量與窩產(chǎn)仔數(shù)間的關(guān)系aFirstLitter350lbsBW.PGR=165,230,and265g/dforweeks1,2,and3.bIntakeestimatebasedon:1,530Mcal/lb,85%ofenergybalanceachieved.目前二十二頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)從產(chǎn)仔到斷奶間的飼喂HowtoFeedtheSowfromd-1toWeaning

目前二十三頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)康貝爾母豬哺乳期的飼喂水平FeedIntakeLevelsforLactatingCam22Sows

?AverageIntakeinKgbyParityandSeasonalRangeObserved?21dlactation5.24.85.55.1865.56.266S.Pollo目前二十四頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)初產(chǎn)母豬的培養(yǎng)-斷奶體重與發(fā)情間隔的關(guān)系WilliamsandMullan,1989y=0.0028x2-1.0337x+102.17

R2=.762

0510152025303580100120140160180200220Weightofsowatweaning,kgWeantomatinginterval,d目前二十五頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)影響采食量的因素

水流量(飲水不充足會(huì)引起便秘)保證24小時(shí)都可以采食24hourfeedaccess飼料配方穩(wěn)定Consistentdietcomposition粉料或顆粒料高質(zhì)量的顆粒料促進(jìn)采食低質(zhì)量的顆粒料降低采食目前二十六頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023康貝爾母豬哺乳期的飼養(yǎng)ManagementofC22sowsinLactation在圏舍方面Abouttheroom…圏舍清潔，干燥且消毒過(guò)的Havetheroomclean,dryanddisinfected設(shè)施齊全Haveallneededequipmentinplace(heatlamps,mats,etc.)溫度適宜Roomtemperatureshouldbecomfortableforthesows(18-22C)飼槽及飲水器運(yùn)作良好Feedersandnipplesshouldbeingoodcondition飲水器的水流2公升每分種Waterflowof0.5gal/minute(2lt/min)isneeded水壓不要過(guò)高Lowwaterpressure在轉(zhuǎn)豬方面Movingthesows…進(jìn)入產(chǎn)房前需清洗母豬Washthesowsbeforeenteringintofarrowingroom輕輕地將母豬趕到產(chǎn)房Movethesowsgentlytotheroom在早晨將母豬趕到產(chǎn)房Movethemearlyinthemorning將相應(yīng)的母豬卡片轉(zhuǎn)移到產(chǎn)房Bringsowinwithherindividualcard目前二十七頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023產(chǎn)房的環(huán)境要求FarrowingEnvironment空氣質(zhì)量Airquality氨氣Ammonia <25ppm一氧化碳Carbonmonoxide <50ppm濕度Humidity 50%-80%通風(fēng)Ventilationrate冷Cold 20CFM適中Temperate 80CFM熱Hot 500CFM(400ifdrippersareused)目前二十八頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)PIC的產(chǎn)品目前二十九頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023產(chǎn)房的溫度要求FarrowingRoomTemperature圈舍溫度適宜的圏舍溫度促進(jìn)母豬采食量，提高其泌乳性能，每天至少飼喂三次圈舍溫度的調(diào)節(jié)應(yīng)根據(jù)母豬的需求而非乳豬產(chǎn)仔前 16-20C產(chǎn)后第一天至第三天 20-22C產(chǎn)后第四天至斷奶 18-20C目前三十頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)如何達(dá)到妊娠期最佳的采食量？WhatCompromisesLactationIntake?

食欲下降，泌乳Devastatesintakeandmilkoutput營(yíng)養(yǎng)水平的高低對(duì)其采食量無(wú)太大影響Littlecanbedonenutritionally最好的選擇-早期斷奶Mostpowerfuloptions–splitorearlywean

在天氣很熱的情況下ExtremeHeatStress目前三十一頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023從斷奶到配種間隔的飼養(yǎng)WeantoServiceInterval

目標(biāo):減少?gòu)臄嗄痰脚浞N的間隔時(shí)間使用妊娠飼料或哺乳飼料UseGestationorLactationfeed盡可能地多飼喂Feedasmuchaspossible每天飼喂2-3次，但也要避免浪費(fèi)Feed2-3timesadaytoavoidfeedwastage隨時(shí)保證充足的飲水WatershouldbeavailableatalltimespreferablythroughNipple評(píng)定體況較差的豬只并使其盡快恢復(fù)Identifysowsinpoorconditiontostartrecoveringthem,soon在斷奶后第一天就用公豬誘情Workwiththeboarforestrusstimulationfromday1afterweaning

目前三十二頁(yè)\總數(shù)三十八頁(yè)\編于十五點(diǎn)5/18/2023從斷奶到配種間隔的飼養(yǎng)WeantoService

(環(huán)境衛(wèi)生角度Hygiene&Environment)需要考慮到的環(huán)境衛(wèi)生Hygiene&EnvironmentConsiderations配種區(qū)必須干凈，干燥并且消毒過(guò)的Breedingareashouldbeclean,disinfectedanddry圈欄必須沖洗、消毒，并且必須干燥后再進(jìn)斷奶豬Wash,disinfectandletthecratesdrybeforeplacingweanedsows適宜的溫度Temperaturecomfortzone(18-23C). 最低的臨界溫度Minimalcriticaltemperatureis13C空氣質(zhì)量Airquality:濕度Humidity 50%-80%氨氣Ammonia <25ppm一氧化碳CarbonMonoxide <50ppm通風(fēng)Ventilationrate Cold14CFM,Temperate50CFMandHot300CFM

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